Zoxamide is a fungicide with a broad spectrum of activity, particularly against Oomycetes, including Phytophthora and Pythium species. It is used to control diseases such as late blight of potato and tomato, downy mildew of grapevines, and damping-off of seedlings. Zoxamide has been shown to inhibit the growth of fungal hyphae and spores. Its mode of action is not fully understood but is thought to involve interference with mitochondrial respiration. Zoxamide is absorbed by plants through the roots and leaves, and is translocated throughout the plant. It is a relatively persistent fungicide in the environment and can be found in soil, water, and air. The synthesis of zoxamide involves a multi-step process that begins with the reaction of 2-chloro-6-fluorobenzonitrile with 2-methyl-1-propanol. The resulting intermediate is then reacted with 2-chloro-4-nitroaniline to produce zoxamide. Zoxamide is being studied for its potential to control emerging fungal diseases that are becoming resistant to other fungicides. It is also being investigated for its use in seed treatments to protect plants from fungal pathogens.'
zoxamide: no further info available 4/02
zoxamide : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-zoxamide. A fungicide used for the control of various fungal infections including blight in potatoes and tomatoes.
3,5-dichloro-N-(1-chloro-3-methyl-2-oxopentan-3-yl)-4-methylbenzamide : A member of the class of benzamides obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3,5-dichloro-4-methylbenzamide with the amino group of 3-amino-1-chloro-3-methylpentan-2-one.
ID Source | ID |
---|---|
PubMed CID | 122087 |
CHEMBL ID | 1893025 |
CHEBI ID | 82853 |
SCHEMBL ID | 70113 |
MeSH ID | M0419958 |
Synonym |
---|
benzamide, 3,5-dichloro-n-(3-chloro-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-4-methyl- |
3,5-dichloro-n-(3-chloro-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-p-toluamide |
rh 7281 |
zoxium 80w agricultral fungicide |
zoxium |
hsdb 7278 |
NCGC00163809-01 |
156052-68-5 |
3,5-dichloro-n-(3-chloro-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-4-methylbenzamide |
zoxamide |
NCGC00163809-02 |
3,5-dichloro-n-(1-chloro-3-methyl-2-oxopentan-3-yl)-4-methylbenzamide |
NCGC00163809-03 |
rh-7281 |
C18903 |
cas-156052-68-5 |
dtxcid7012581 |
tox21_300943 |
dtxsid9032581 , |
NCGC00254845-01 |
FT-0675936 |
f1xzw465pc , |
unii-f1xzw465pc |
zoxamide [iso] |
SCHEMBL70113 |
CHEMBL1893025 |
chebi:82853 , |
3,5-dichloro-n-(3-chloro-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-4- methylbenzamide |
zoxium [hsdb] |
benzamide, 3,5-dichloro-n-(3-chloro-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2- oxopropyl)-4-methyl- |
3,5-dichloro-n-(3-chloro-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-p- toluamide |
zoxamide [mi] |
mfcd03792722 |
zoxamide, pestanal(r), analytical standard |
pesticide4_zoxamide_c14h16cl3no2_3,5-dichloro-n-(1-chloro-3-methyl-2-oxopentan-3-yl)-4-methylbenzamide |
(rs)-3,5-dichloro-n-(3-chloro-1-ethyl-1-methyl-2-oxopropyl)-4-methyl-benzamide |
zoxamid |
zoxium; rh 7281 |
zoxamide 100 microg/ml in acetone |
Q19312105 |
CS-0079642 |
HY-120921 |
Zoxamide is a benzamide fungicide applied to control diseases caused by oomycete fungi. It is a recently discovered chiral fungicide that applied to agricultural production.
Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
---|---|---|
"Zoxamide is a benzamide fungicide applied to control diseases caused by oomycete fungi. " | ( Assessment of the eco-toxicological effects in zoxamide polluted soil amended with fertilizers-An indoor evaluation. Chen, K; Liu, H; Liu, M; Shan, M; Song, J, 2022) | 2.42 |
"Zoxamide is a recently discovered chiral fungicide that applied to agricultural production, but the potential environmental risk may be underestimated because the risk posed by either enantiomer has not been adequately assessed. " | ( A systematic evaluation of zoxamide at enantiomeric level. Dong, F; Feng, Y; Li, R; Liu, N; Liu, X; Pan, X; Wu, X; Xu, J; Zheng, Y, 2020) | 2.3 |
"Zoxamide is an important fungicide for oomycete disease management. " | ( Proteomic analysis on zoxamide-induced sensitivity changes in Phytophthora cactorum. Chen, L; Deng, W; Ding, X; Dong, Y; Jiang, B; Liu, X; Mei, X; Yang, M; Zhu, S, 2015) | 2.17 |
Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
---|---|---|
"5-times more toxic than Rac-zoxamide, which means developing R-zoxamide instead of racemate is a potential way to reduce pesticide dosage without loss of efficacy against target organisms and that an inactive isomer would no more be released to the environment." | ( A systematic evaluation of zoxamide at enantiomeric level. Dong, F; Feng, Y; Li, R; Liu, N; Liu, X; Pan, X; Wu, X; Xu, J; Zheng, Y, 2020) | 1.15 |
Class | Description |
---|---|
benzamides | |
alpha-chloroketone | A chloroketone in which the chlorine and oxo substituents are on adjacent carbon atoms. |
dichlorobenzene | Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes carrying two chloro groups at unspecified positions. |
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] |
Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 40.1755 | 0.0025 | 41.7960 | 15,848.9004 | AID1347398 |
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 53.3464 | 3.1890 | 29.8841 | 59.4836 | AID1224846; AID1224894 |
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma | Mus musculus (house mouse) | Potency | 7.2555 | 0.0060 | 38.0041 | 19,952.5996 | AID1159521; AID1159523 |
SMAD family member 2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.9581 | 0.1737 | 34.3047 | 61.8120 | AID1346859 |
SMAD family member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.9581 | 0.1737 | 34.3047 | 61.8120 | AID1346859 |
GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 12.2716 | 0.0007 | 14.5928 | 83.7951 | AID1259392 |
AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 33.1071 | 0.0002 | 21.2231 | 8,912.5098 | AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743035; AID743036; AID743042; AID743054; AID743063 |
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 61.5038 | 0.0133 | 26.9810 | 70.7614 | AID1346978 |
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 37.1322 | 0.0006 | 57.9133 | 22,387.1992 | AID1259377; AID1259378 |
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 47.9432 | 0.0010 | 22.6508 | 76.6163 | AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893 |
progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.7477 | 0.0004 | 17.9460 | 75.1148 | AID1346795 |
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 46.4679 | 0.0002 | 14.3764 | 60.0339 | AID720691; AID720692; AID720719 |
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 18.1152 | 0.0030 | 41.6115 | 22,387.1992 | AID1159552; AID1159553; AID1159555 |
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.0793 | 0.0008 | 17.5051 | 59.3239 | AID1159527; AID1159531; AID588544 |
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 7.4026 | 0.0015 | 30.6073 | 15,848.9004 | AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403 |
farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 49.2599 | 0.3758 | 27.4851 | 61.6524 | AID743217 |
pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 31.1951 | 0.0054 | 28.0263 | 1,258.9301 | AID1346982; AID720659 |
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 45.0686 | 0.0002 | 29.3054 | 16,493.5996 | AID743069; AID743075; AID743078; AID743079; AID743080; AID743091 |
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.8757 | 0.0010 | 24.5048 | 61.6448 | AID743212; AID743215 |
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 11.0279 | 0.0010 | 19.4141 | 70.9645 | AID743191 |
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 55.2705 | 0.0237 | 23.2282 | 63.5986 | AID743223 |
caspase-3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 61.5038 | 0.0133 | 26.9810 | 70.7614 | AID1346978 |
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 61.5038 | 0.0017 | 23.8393 | 78.1014 | AID743083 |
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 50.9580 | 0.0016 | 28.0151 | 77.1139 | AID1224843; AID1224895; AID1259385 |
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.2175 | 0.0578 | 21.1097 | 61.2679 | AID1159526; AID1159528 |
Caspase-7 | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 21.8224 | 0.0067 | 23.4960 | 68.5896 | AID1346980 |
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 0.0891 | 0.0100 | 39.5371 | 1,122.0200 | AID588547 |
caspase-3 | Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster) | Potency | 21.8224 | 0.0067 | 23.4960 | 68.5896 | AID1346980 |
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2 | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | Potency | 11.4608 | 0.0003 | 23.4451 | 159.6830 | AID743065; AID743066; AID743067 |
heat shock protein beta-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 10.9332 | 0.0420 | 27.3789 | 61.6448 | AID743210; AID743228 |
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 32.4964 | 0.0006 | 27.2152 | 1,122.0200 | AID651741; AID720636; AID743202; AID743219 |
Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 30.3784 | 0.0023 | 19.5956 | 74.0614 | AID651631; AID720552 |
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 71.0528 | 0.0119 | 17.9420 | 71.5630 | AID651632; AID720516 |
Ataxin-2 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 69.0083 | 0.0119 | 12.2221 | 68.7989 | AID651632 |
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
---|---|---|
pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
2000's | 6 (23.08) | 29.6817 |
2010's | 10 (38.46) | 24.3611 |
2020's | 10 (38.46) | 2.80 |
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (41.87) All Compounds (24.57) |
Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
---|---|---|
Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
Reviews | 0 (0.00%) | 6.00% |
Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
Other | 26 (100.00%) | 84.16% |
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] |