4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine profile

4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine is a heterocyclic compound that has been investigated for its potential therapeutic applications. It has been studied as a precursor to the synthesis of various biologically active compounds, including pharmaceuticals. The compound's structure, with a phenyl ring attached to a tetrahydropyridine ring, lends itself to modifications that can influence its pharmacological properties. For example, derivatives of 4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine have been explored for their potential as anti-inflammatory agents, analgesics, and anti-tumor agents. Researchers are interested in this compound due to its structural versatility, allowing for the development of analogs with diverse biological activities.'
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4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	82553
CHEMBL ID	6224
SCHEMBL ID	415545
MeSH ID	M0121424

Synonym
bdbm50036718
10338-69-9
nsc-54451
pyridine,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-phenyl-
nsc54451
4-phenyl-1,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
OPREA1_874761 ,
4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-pyridine
4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
CHEMBL6224 ,
AKOS005466795
NCGC00246414-01
1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-phenylpyridine
STK535809
nsc 54451
pyridine, 1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-phenyl-
FT-0619379
1,2,3,6-tetrahydro-4-phenyl-pyridine
SCHEMBL415545
BBL027886
4- phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine
4-(phenyl)-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine
DTXSID2065040
mfcd00023118
4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, aldrichcpr
Z1742056028
AS-35405
CS-0171304
EN300-35076
4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetra-hydropyridine
PD182313

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
D(2) dopamine receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)	IC50 (µMol)	5.0000	0.0010	0.7994	8.0000	AID62166
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	Sus scrofa (pig)	IC50 (µMol)	5.0000	0.3350	0.3350	0.3350	AID62166
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
amino acid metabolic process	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
dihydrobiopterin metabolic process	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthetic process	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
L-phenylalanine catabolic process	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic transmission, dopaminergic	D(2) dopamine receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
negative regulation of prolactin secretion	D(2) dopamine receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
negative regulation of lactation	D(2) dopamine receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
positive regulation of mammary gland involution	D(2) dopamine receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
hyaloid vascular plexus regression	D(2) dopamine receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
6,7-dihydropteridine reductase activity	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
electron transfer activity	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
NADH binding	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
NADPH binding	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cytoplasm	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Dihydropteridine reductase	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	D(2) dopamine receptor	Bos taurus (cattle)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID401023	Activity of human liver MAOB assessed as specific activity at 1 mM
AID56920	Inhibitory activity against rat striatal synaptosomes Dihydrodipicolinate reductase (DHPR)	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Synthesis and dihydropteridine reductase inhibitory effects of potential metabolites of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.
AID15823	Formation of metabolite by rabbit liver microsomal preparation in absence of NADPH, at 2 hours	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Metabolism of the nigrostriatal toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine by liver homogenate fractions.
AID15825	Formation of metabolite by rabbit liver microsomal preparation in presence of N2,at 2 hour	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Metabolism of the nigrostriatal toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine by liver homogenate fractions.
AID62166	Binding affinity against Dopamine receptor D2 in bovine striatal homogenate using 200 pM [3H]- spiperone and 250 nM unlabeled ketanserin	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 36, Issue:24	N-(1-arylpropionyl)-4-aryltetrahydropyridines, a new class of high-affinity selective sigma receptor ligands.
AID126530	Ratio of Kcat and KM against monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) from beef liver was calculated	1996	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Sep-13, Volume: 39, Issue:19	Assessment of structural requirements for the monoamine oxidase-B-catalyzed oxidation of 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine derivatives related to the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.
AID15827	Formation of metabolite by rabbit liver microsomal preparation in presence of SKF525A,at 2 hour	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Metabolism of the nigrostriatal toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine by liver homogenate fractions.
AID15824	Formation of metabolite by rabbit liver microsomal preparation in presence of Co-O2 (90:10),at 2 hour	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Metabolism of the nigrostriatal toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine by liver homogenate fractions.
AID229183	Binding affinity against sigma receptor in bovine cerebellum using 2.0 nM [3H]haloperidol in the presence of 25 nM unlabeled spiperone	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 36, Issue:24	N-(1-arylpropionyl)-4-aryltetrahydropyridines, a new class of high-affinity selective sigma receptor ligands.
AID127348	Binding affinity towards monoaminooxidase Relative to MPTP	1993	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-01, Volume: 36, Issue:20	QSAR's from similarity matrices. Technique validation and application in the comparison of different similarity evaluation methods.
AID401024	Inhibition of human liver MAOB at 1 mM relative to MPTP
AID56917	Inhibitory activity against human liver Dihydrodipicolinate reductase (DHPR)	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 28, Issue:3	Synthesis and dihydropteridine reductase inhibitory effects of potential metabolites of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine.
AID15826	Formation of metabolite by rabbit liver microsomal preparation in presence of NADPH, at 2 hours	1985	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 28, Issue:8	Metabolism of the nigrostriatal toxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine by liver homogenate fractions.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	5 (20.00)	18.7374
1990's	5 (20.00)	18.2507
2000's	5 (20.00)	29.6817
2010's	9 (36.00)	24.3611
2020's	1 (4.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	26 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
4-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.	1.98	1	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; plant metabolite
benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.	1.98	1	benzoic acids	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
choline [no description available]	6.96	1	cholines	allergen; Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutrient; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
3-chlorobenzoic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	monochlorobenzoic acid	drug metabolite
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	7.05	1	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
4-aminobenzoic acid 4-Aminobenzoic Acid: An aminobenzoic acid isomer that combines with pteridine and GLUTAMIC ACID to form FOLIC ACID. The fact that 4-aminobenzoic acid absorbs light throughout the UVB range has also resulted in its use as an ingredient in SUNSCREENS.. 4-ammoniobenzoate : A zwitterion obtained by transfer of a proton from the carboxy to the amino group of 4-aminobenzoic acid.. 4-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid in which the amino group is para to the carboxy group.	1.98	1	aminobenzoic acid; aromatic amino-acid zwitterion	allergen; Escherichia coli metabolite; plant metabolite
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 4.	4.5	23	methylpyridines; phenylpyridine; tetrahydropyridine	neurotoxin
antipyrine Antipyrine: An analgesic and antipyretic that has been given by mouth and as ear drops. Antipyrine is often used in testing the effects of other drugs or diseases on drug-metabolizing enzymes in the liver. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p29). antipyrine : A pyrazolone derivative that is 1,2-dihydropyrazol-3-one substituted with methyl groups at N-1 and C-5 and with a phenyl group at N-2.	2.02	1	pyrazolone	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
chlorpyrifos Chlorpyrifos: An organothiophosphate cholinesterase inhibitor that is used as an insecticide and as an acaricide.. chlorpyrifos : An organic thiophosphate that is O,O-diethyl hydrogen phosphorothioate in which the hydrogen of the hydroxy group has been replaced by a 3,5,6-trichloropyridin-2-yl group.	2.05	1	chloropyridine; organic thiophosphate	acaricide; agrochemical; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; insecticide; xenobiotic
clonidine Clonidine: An imidazoline sympatholytic agent that stimulates ALPHA-2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS and central IMIDAZOLINE RECEPTORS. It is commonly used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. clonidine (amino form) : A clonidine that is 4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-2-amine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dichlorophenyl group.	1.98	1	clonidine; imidazoline
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source	2.05	1	chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound	autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
oxidopamine Oxidopamine: A neurotransmitter analogue that depletes noradrenergic stores in nerve endings and induces a reduction of dopamine levels in the brain. Its mechanism of action is related to the production of cytolytic free-radicals.. oxidopamine : A benzenetriol that is phenethylamine in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 5 on the phenyl ring are replaced by hydroxy groups. It occurs naturally in human urine, but is also produced as a metabolite of the drug DOPA (used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease).	2.46	2	benzenetriol; catecholamine; primary amino compound	drug metabolite; human metabolite; neurotoxin
corticosterone [no description available]	1.98	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
etiocholanolone Etiocholanolone: The 5-beta-reduced isomer of ANDROSTERONE. Etiocholanolone is a major metabolite of TESTOSTERONE and ANDROSTENEDIONE in many mammalian species including humans. It is excreted in the URINE.. 3alpha-hydroxy-5beta-androstan-17-one : An androstanoid that is 5beta-androstane substituted by an alpha-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a metabolite of testosterone in mammals.	1.98	1	17-oxo steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; androstanoid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dehydroepiandrosterone Dehydroepiandrosterone: A major C19 steroid produced by the ADRENAL CORTEX. It is also produced in small quantities in the TESTIS and the OVARY. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can be converted to TESTOSTERONE; ANDROSTENEDIONE; ESTRADIOL; and ESTRONE. Most of DHEA is sulfated (DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULFATE) before secretion.. dehydroepiandrosterone : An androstanoid that is androst-5-ene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at position 3 and an oxo group at position 17. It is a naturally occurring steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands.	1.98	1	17-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; androstanoid	androgen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
levodopa Levodopa: The naturally occurring form of DIHYDROXYPHENYLALANINE and the immediate precursor of DOPAMINE. Unlike dopamine itself, it can be taken orally and crosses the blood-brain barrier. It is rapidly taken up by dopaminergic neurons and converted to DOPAMINE. It is used for the treatment of PARKINSONIAN DISORDERS and is usually given with agents that inhibit its conversion to dopamine outside of the central nervous system.. L-dopa : An optically active form of dopa having L-configuration. Used to treat the stiffness, tremors, spasms, and poor muscle control of Parkinson's disease	2.52	2	amino acid zwitterion; dopa; L-tyrosine derivative; non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid	allelochemical; antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; dopaminergic agent; hapten; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotoxin; plant growth retardant; plant metabolite; prodrug
4-nitrobenzoic acid 4-nitrobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-nitrobenzoic acid : A nitrobenzoic acid having the nitro group at the 4-position.	1.98	1	nitrobenzoic acid
androstenedione Androstenedione: A delta-4 C19 steroid that is produced not only in the TESTIS, but also in the OVARY and the ADRENAL CORTEX. Depending on the tissue type, androstenedione can serve as a precursor to TESTOSTERONE as well as ESTRONE and ESTRADIOL.. androst-4-ene-3,17-dione : A 3-oxo Delta(4)-steroid that is androst-4-ene substituted by oxo groups at positions 3 and 17. It is a steroid hormone synthesized in the adrenal glands and gonads.	1.98	1	17-oxo steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; androstanoid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
desoxycorticosterone Desoxycorticosterone: A steroid metabolite that is the 11-deoxy derivative of CORTICOSTERONE and the 21-hydroxy derivative of PROGESTERONE	1.98	1	20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone 17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone : A 17alpha-hydroxy steroid that is the 17alpha-hydroxy derivative of progesterone.	1.98	1	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; progestin
4-chlorobenzoic acid 4-chlorobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-chlorobenzoic acid : A monochlorobenzoic acid carrying a chloro substituent at position 4.	1.98	1	monochlorobenzoic acid	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
4-tert-butylbenzoic acid 4-tert-butylbenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1	alkylbenzene
3-toluic acid 3-toluic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.98	1	methylbenzoic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite
3-aminobenzoic acid 3-aminobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-aminobenzoic acid : An aminobenzoic acid carrying an amino group at position 3.	1.98	1	aminobenzoic acid
3-hydroxybenzoic acid 3-hydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from Taxus baccata. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of plasticisers, resins, pharmaceuticals, etc.	1.98	1	monohydroxybenzoic acid	bacterial metabolite; plant metabolite
4-toluic acid 4-toluic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. p-toluic acid : A methylbenzoic acid in which the methyl substituent is located at position 4.	1.98	1	methylbenzoic acid
4-anisic acid 4-methoxybenzoic acid: structure in first source. 4-methoxybenzoic acid : A methoxybenzoic acid substituted with a methoxy group at position C-4.	1.98	1	methoxybenzoic acid	plant metabolite
3-nitrobenzoic acid 3-nitrobenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.98	1
pregnenolone [no description available]	1.98	1	20-oxo steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; C21-steroid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
4-(trifluoromethyl)benzoic acid 4-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid : A benzoic acid carrying a 4-trifluoromethyl substituent.	1.98	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; benzoic acids
3-fluorobenzoic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	fluorobenzoic acid
4-fluorobenzoic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	fluorobenzoic acid	bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
dihydrotestosterone Dihydrotestosterone: A potent androgenic metabolite of TESTOSTERONE. It is produced by the action of the enzyme 3-OXO-5-ALPHA-STEROID 4-DEHYDROGENASE.. 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4-5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with unspecified configuration at position 5.. 17beta-hydroxy-5alpha-androstan-3-one : A 17beta-hydroxy steroid that is testosterone in which the 4,5 double bond has been reduced to a single bond with alpha-configuration at position 5.	1.98	1	17beta-hydroxy steroid; 17beta-hydroxyandrostan-3-one; 3-oxo-5alpha-steroid	androgen; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
4,6-dinitro-o-cresol 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4,6-dinitro-o-cresol : A hydroxytoluene that is o-cresol carrying nitro substituents at positions 4 and 6.	2.11	1	dinitrophenol acaricide; hydroxytoluene; nitrotoluene	dinitrophenol insecticide; fungicide; herbicide
3-methoxybenzoic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	methoxybenzoic acid	flavouring agent; human urinary metabolite
4-bromobenzoic acid 4-bromobenzoic acid : A bromobenzoic acid carrying a single bromo subsituent at the 4-position.	1.98	1	bromobenzoic acid
3-iodobenzoate 3-iodobenzoic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd. 3-iodobenzoic acid : An iodobenzoic acid with a single iodo substituent placed at the 3-position.	1.98	1	iodobenzoic acid
4-ethylbenzoic acid [no description available]	1.98	1	benzoic acids
4-cyanobenzoic acid [no description available]	1.98	1
4-phenylpyridine [no description available]	7.37	2	phenylpyridine
2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline [no description available]	1.97	1
st 91 ST 91: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	1.98	1	substituted aniline
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium 1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium: An active neurotoxic metabolite of 1-METHYL-4-PHENYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDROPYRIDINE. The compound reduces dopamine levels, inhibits the biosynthesis of catecholamines, depletes cardiac norepinephrine and inactivates tyrosine hydroxylase. These and other toxic effects lead to cessation of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP depletion, and cell death. The compound, which is related to PARAQUAT, has also been used as an herbicide.. N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium : A pyridinium ion that is N-methylpyridinium having a phenyl substituent at the 4-position.	2.76	3	pyridinium ion	apoptosis inducer; herbicide; human xenobiotic metabolite; neurotoxin
permethrin hemoglobin Atlanta-Coventry: Leu replaced by Pro at beta75 and Leu deleted at beta141	2.05	1	cyclopropanecarboxylate ester; cyclopropanes	agrochemical; ectoparasiticide; pyrethroid ester acaricide; pyrethroid ester insecticide; scabicide
simvastatin Simvastatin: A derivative of LOVASTATIN and potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COA REDUCTASES), which is the rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis. It may also interfere with steroid hormone production. Due to the induction of hepatic LDL RECEPTORS, it increases breakdown of LDL CHOLESTEROL.. simvastatin : A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug.	2.05	1	delta-lactone; fatty acid ester; hexahydronaphthalenes; statin (semi-synthetic)	EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.24.83 (anthrax lethal factor endopeptidase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; prodrug
norharman norharman: RN given refers to parent cpd. beta-carboline : The parent compound of the beta-carbolines, a tricyclic structure comprising an indole ring system ortho- fused to C-3 and C-4 of a pyridine ring.	1.98	1	beta-carbolines; mancude organic heterotricyclic parent	fungal metabolite; marine metabolite
4-(fluorosulfonyl)benzoic acid [no description available]	1.98	1
tiazuril [no description available]	1.98	1	aryl sulfide
2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline 2-(2-methyl-4-chlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	1.98	1
xylonidine xylonidine: alpha adrenoreceptor stimulation by above cpd mainly inhibits the release of mediator and/or the bronchoconstriction caused by moderate activation of sensory nerves; forced molting agent; structure given in first source	1.98	1
1-methyl-4-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [no description available]	2.67	3
4-(methylthio)benzoic acid [no description available]	1.98	1
17-alpha-hydroxypregnenolone 17-alpha-Hydroxypregnenolone: A 21-carbon steroid that is converted from PREGNENOLONE by STEROID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE. It is an intermediate in the delta-5 pathway of biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and the adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.. 17alpha-hydroxypregnenolone : A hydroxypregnenolone carrying an alpha-hydroxy group at position 17.	1.98	1	17alpha-hydroxy-C21-steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; hydroxypregnenolone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
1-methyl-4-(2'-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-methyl-4-(2'-methylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: more potent dopaminergic neurotoxic compound than MPTP in mice	1.98	1
4-mercaptobenzoate 4-mercaptobenzoate: substrate for 4-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase	1.98	1
2,5-dihydro-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-3h-pyrazolo(4,3-c)quinolin-3-one [no description available]	1.98	1
1,4-dihydropyridine [no description available]	1.98	1
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid ethyl ester: isolated from brain tissue & urine; extremely potent displacer of diazepam from brain benzodiazepam receptors; structure in first source	1.98	1	beta-carbolines
beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester beta-carboline-3-carboxylic acid methyl ester: structure given in first source	1.98	1	beta-carbolines
2-methyltryptoline 2-methyltryptoline: enzymatic preparation from human brain converts methyltyptamine to methyltryptoline; structure	2.38	2	beta-carbolines
3-ethoxy-beta-carboline 3-ethoxy-beta-carboline: high affinity benzodiazepine receptor ligand with partial inverse agonist properties	1.98	1
tert-butyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate tert-butyl beta-carboline-3-carboxylate: benzodiazepine receptor antagonist	1.98	1
1-methyl-4-cyclohexyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [no description available]	2.39	2
1-methyl-4-(2'-ethylphenyl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine [no description available]	1.98	1
1-methyl-4-(methylpyrrol-2-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-methyl-4-(methylpyrrol-2-yl)-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: structure given in first source	1.98	1
4-benzyl-1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 4-benzyl-1-methyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: structure given in first source; RN given is for HCl	2.39	2
n-propyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine N-propyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: structure given in first source	2.39	2
cortisone [no description available]	1.98	1	11-oxo steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
dihydropyridines Dihydropyridines: Pyridine moieties which are partially saturated by the addition of two hydrogen atoms in any position.	1.98	1
cortodoxone Cortodoxone: 17,21-Dihydroxypregn-4-ene-3,20-dione. A 17-hydroxycorticosteroid with glucocorticoid and anti-inflammatory activities.. 11-deoxycortisol : A deoxycortisol that is cortisol in which the hydroxy group at position 11 has been replaced by a hydrogen.	1.98	1	deoxycortisol; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; tertiary alpha-hydroxy ketone	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
diclazuril [no description available]	1.98	1	nitrile
4-phenyl-1-(4-phenylbutyl)piperidine 4-phenyl-1-(4-phenylbutyl)piperidine: a potent ligand for sigma receptors; structure given in first source	1.98	1	piperidines
3-propoxy-beta-carboline 3-propoxy-beta-carboline: structure in first source	1.98	1
harman harman: a beta-carboline; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. harman : An indole alkaloid fundamental parent with a structure of 9H-beta-carboline carrying a methyl substituent at C-1. It has been isolated from the bark of Sickingia rubra, Symplocus racemosa, Passiflora incarnata, Peganum harmala, Banisteriopsis caapi and Tribulus terrestris, as well as from tobacco smoke. It is a specific, reversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase A.	1.98	1	harmala alkaloid; indole alkaloid fundamental parent; indole alkaloid	anti-HIV agent; EC 1.4.3.4 (monoamine oxidase) inhibitor; plant metabolite
1-Ethyl-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indole [no description available]	1.98	1	harmala alkaloid
alpha-synuclein alpha-Synuclein: A synuclein that is a major component of LEWY BODIES and plays a role in SYNUCLEINOPATHIES, neurodegeneration and neuroprotection.	2.17	1
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	1.96	1	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Atherosclerotic Parkinsonism [description not available]	2.52	2
Parkinson Disease, Secondary Conditions which feature clinical manifestations resembling primary Parkinson disease that are caused by a known or suspected condition. Examples include parkinsonism caused by vascular injury, drugs, trauma, toxin exposure, neoplasms, infections and degenerative or hereditary conditions. Clinical features may include bradykinesia, rigidity, parkinsonian gait, and masked facies. In general, tremor is less prominent in secondary parkinsonism than in the primary form. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1998, Ch38, pp39-42)	2.52	2
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	3.57	8
Cholera Infantum [description not available]	2.17	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.17	1
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available]	3.66	9
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.17	1
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	3.66	9
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	2.21	1
Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease [description not available]	2.77	3
Parkinsonian Disorders A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA.	2.77	3
MPTP Neurotoxicity Syndrome [description not available]	2.1	1
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available]	2.05	1
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.	2.05	1
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	2.05	1

4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (32)

Research Excerpts

Protein Targets (3)

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (9)

Molecular Functions (4)

Ceullar Components (4)

Bioassays (13)

Research

Studies (25)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 36.74

Study Types