Fluvalinate is a synthetic insecticide belonging to the valinate class. It is a broad-spectrum insecticide effective against a wide range of insect pests, including mites, aphids, and beetles. Fluvalinate is a contact and stomach poison that acts on the nervous system of insects, disrupting nerve impulse transmission. The compound is synthesized through a multi-step process involving the reaction of a chlorinated aromatic compound with an amino acid derivative. Fluvalinate is widely used in agriculture for pest control and is also used in veterinary medicine to treat infestations. The importance of fluvalinate lies in its effectiveness against a range of pests and its ability to improve crop yields and livestock health. Research into fluvalinate focuses on its efficacy, safety, and environmental impact. Concerns about potential resistance development in insect populations and potential risks to non-target organisms have led to ongoing research efforts.'
fluvalinate: RN given refers to 2-cyano isomer (DL)-isomer [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 50516 |
| CHEMBL ID | 3185183 |
| CHEBI ID | 5135 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 116510 |
| MeSH ID | M0105630 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| 69409-94-5 |
| fluvalinate |
| CHEBI:5135 , |
| cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl n-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]valinate |
| n-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-dl-valine (+)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester |
| spur 22ew |
| dl-valine, n-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester |
| fluvalinate [ansi] |
| (rs)-alpha-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (r)-2-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)anilino-3-methyl-butanoate) |
| n-(2-chloro-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-p-tolyl)-dl-valine alpha-cyano-phenoxybenzyl ester |
| n-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-dl-valine cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester |
| apistan |
| kartan |
| minadox |
| ai3-29426 |
| mavrik 25ec |
| caswell no. 934 |
| epa pesticide chemical code 109302 |
| hsdb 6659 |
| zr 3210 |
| mavrik hr |
| mavrik aquaflow |
| mavrik 2e |
| (rs)-a-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)anilino-3-methylbutanoate) |
| [cyano-(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl] 2-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]-3-methylbutanoate |
| NCGC00248576-01 |
| n-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-dl-valine, (+-)-cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester |
| fluvalinate [ansi:iso] |
| unii-364g5g03vc |
| 364g5g03vc , |
| valine, n-(2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester |
| tox21_200245 |
| dtxcid904110 |
| NCGC00257799-01 |
| cas-69409-94-5 |
| dtxsid7024110 , |
| FT-0604861 |
| fluvalinate [hsdb] |
| 2-((2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino(-3-methylbutyl cyano(4-phenoxyphenyl)acetate |
| fluvalinate [iso] |
| benzeneacetic acid, .alpha.-cyano-4-phenoxy-, 2-((2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)-3-methylbutyl ester |
| zr-3210 |
| fluvalinate [mi] |
| SCHEMBL116510 |
| cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)anilino]-3-methylbutanoate # |
| valine, n-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester |
| dl-valine, n-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester |
| CHEMBL3185183 |
| ethyl 3-morpholino-7,10-dioxo-9,10-dihydro-7h-benzo[de]pyrazolo[5,1-a]isoquinoline-11-carboxylate |
| Q408440 |
| dl-valine, n-[2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-, cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl ester; fluvalinate; fluvalinate i; fluvalinate ii; zr 3210 |
| cyano(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl 2-((2-chloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)amino)-3-methylbutanoate |
| STARBLD0028652 |
| AKOS040751830 |
Tau-fluvalinate is a broad-spectrum insecticide in the pyrethroid class of pesticides. It is widely used in the control of the varroa mite, an ecto-parasite of the honeybee.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "τ-Fluvalinate (fluvalinate) is a highly selective pyrethroid insecticide compound used for controlling ectoparasitic mites that cause major damages in honey bee colonies. " | ( Abdominal contact of fluvalinate induces olfactory deficit in Apis mellifera. Ilyasov, R; Kwon, HW; Lee, HS; Lim, S; Yunusbaev, U, 2020) | 1.6 |
| "Tau-fluvalinate is a broad-spectrum insecticide in the pyrethroid class of pesticides." | ( Estimation of measurement uncertainty associated to the determination of pesticide residues: a case study. Barbini, DA; Dommarco, R; Girolimetti, S; Stefanelli, P, 2012) | 0.86 |
| "Fluvalinate is a pyrethroid insecticide that is widely used in the control of the varroa mite (Varroa destructor), an ecto-parasite of the honeybee. " | ( Effect of a fluvalinate-resistance-associated sodium channel mutation from varroa mites on cockroach sodium channel sensitivity to fluvalinate, a pyrethroid insecticide. Dong, K; Huang, ZY; Liu, Z; Tan, J, 2006) | 2.16 |
Fluvalinate has been extensively used in the United States to combat honey bee colony loss due to Varroa destructor mites.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Fluvalinate has been heavily used to control the pest Varroa destructor and residues in honeybee colony causing long-term exposure threat for bees. " | ( Sublethal fluvalinate negatively affect the development and flight capacity of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) workers. He, X; Liao, C; Wu, X; Yan, W; Zeng, Z; Zhang, L, 2022) | 2.57 |
| "Fluvalinate has been extensively used in the United States to combat honey bee colony loss due to Varroa destructor mites. " | ( An Examination of Exposure Routes of Fluvalinate to Larval and Adult Honey Bees (Apis mellifera). Fulton, CA; Huff Hartz, KE; Lydy, MJ; Reeve, JD, 2019) | 2.23 |
Tau-fluvalinate can be used to control parasitic mites inside honey bee colonies. Some pyrethroids, such as cyfluthrin and lambda-cyhalothrin, are highly toxic to bees.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Toxicity of the acaricide tau-fluvalinate increased in combination with other acaricides and most other compounds tested (15 of 17) while amitraz toxicity was mostly unchanged (1 of 15)." | ( Acaricide, fungicide and drug interactions in honey bees (Apis mellifera). Dahlgren, L; Ellis, MD; Johnson, RM; Siegfried, BD, 2013) | 0.68 |
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Dose-response assays were carried out at increasing acaricide concentrations." | ( Heat shock proteins in Varroa destructor exposed to heat stress and in-hive acaricides. Damiani, N; Eguaras, MJ; Garrido, PM; Martínez Noël, GMA; Porrini, MP; Ruffinengo, S; Salerno, G, 2018) | 0.48 |
| Role | Description |
|---|---|
| pyrethroid ester insecticide | null |
| pyrethroid ester acaricide | null |
| agrochemical | An agrochemical is a substance that is used in agriculture or horticulture. |
| [role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| organochlorine insecticide | Any organochlorine pesticide that has been used as an insecticide. |
| organochlorine acaricide | Any organochlorine pesticide that has been used as an acaricide. |
| organofluorine insecticide | |
| organofluorine acaricide | |
| monochlorobenzenes | Any member of the class of chlorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring in which only one substituent is chlorine. |
| nitrile | A compound having the structure RC#N; thus a C-substituted derivative of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N. In systematic nomenclature, the suffix nitrile denotes the triply bound #N atom, not the carbon atom attached to it. |
| (trifluoromethyl)benzenes | An organofluorine compound that is (trifluoromethyl)benzene and derivatives arising from substitution of one or more of the phenyl hydrogens. |
| aromatic ether | Any ether in which the oxygen is attached to at least one aryl substituent. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 49.3679 | 3.1890 | 29.8841 | 59.4836 | AID1224846 |
| GLI family zinc finger 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 49.2778 | 0.0007 | 14.5928 | 83.7951 | AID1259368; AID1259369 |
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 37.2900 | 0.0002 | 21.2231 | 8,912.5098 | AID1259243; AID743036 |
| nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 39.7304 | 0.0010 | 22.6508 | 76.6163 | AID1224839; AID1224893 |
| progesterone receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 54.9262 | 0.0004 | 17.9460 | 75.1148 | AID1346795 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 49.3679 | 0.0002 | 14.3764 | 60.0339 | AID720691 |
| retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 67.2140 | 0.0030 | 41.6115 | 22,387.1992 | AID1159552; AID1159555 |
| estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 49.0868 | 0.0015 | 30.6073 | 15,848.9004 | AID1224841; AID1224849; AID1259401 |
| farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 56.6118 | 0.3758 | 27.4851 | 61.6524 | AID743217; AID743220; AID743239 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 13.7968 | 0.0054 | 28.0263 | 1,258.9301 | AID1346982 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 58.7711 | 0.0002 | 29.3054 | 16,493.5996 | AID743069; AID743075 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.0518 | 0.0010 | 24.5048 | 61.6448 | AID743212 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 57.6446 | 0.0010 | 19.4141 | 70.9645 | AID743094; AID743140; AID743191 |
| activating transcription factor 6 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 46.6835 | 0.1434 | 27.6121 | 59.8106 | AID1159516; AID1159519 |
| nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 49.3679 | 19.7391 | 45.9784 | 64.9432 | AID1159509 |
| v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian) | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 22.0518 | 0.0578 | 21.1097 | 61.2679 | AID1159526 |
| heat shock protein beta-1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 36.1259 | 0.0420 | 27.3789 | 61.6448 | AID743210; AID743228 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 69.1480 | 0.0006 | 27.2152 | 1,122.0200 | AID743202 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 66.7407 | 0.0023 | 19.5956 | 74.0614 | AID651631; AID720552 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 7 (8.43) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 11 (13.25) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 15 (18.07) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 38 (45.78) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 12 (14.46) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (33.79) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 2 (2.17%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 90 (97.83%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||