fludioxonil profile

Fludioxonil is a fungicide belonging to the phenylpyrrole class. It is a synthetic compound, meaning it is not found naturally. Its mechanism of action involves inhibiting the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in fungi, thereby disrupting their cellular processes. Fludioxonil is widely used in agriculture to control a range of fungal diseases in various crops, including fruits, vegetables, and cereals. Its effectiveness against a wide spectrum of fungal pathogens makes it an important tool for disease management and crop protection. Research on fludioxonil focuses on understanding its mode of action, its environmental fate, and its potential for resistance development in fungal populations. It is also studied to explore alternative applications, such as its potential use in biocontrol agents and its efficacy against specific fungal pathogens.'

fludioxonil: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

fludioxonil : A member of the class of benzodioxoles that is 2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxole substituted at position 4 by a 3-cyanopyrrol-4-yl group. A fungicide seed treatment for control of a range of diseases including Fusarium, Rhizoctonia and Alternaria. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	86398
CHEMBL ID	485833
CHEBI ID	81763
SCHEMBL ID	22172
MeSH ID	M0281477

Synonym
1h-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile, 4-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-
fludioxonil [iso]
NCGC00163884-01
4-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-1h-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile
131341-86-1
fludioxonil
NCGC00163884-02
chebi:81763 ,
CHEMBL485833
AKOS005063367
FT-0668567
NCGC00163884-03
C18462
unii-ens9j0ym16
hsdb 8246
ens9j0ym16 ,
dtxsid2032398 ,
dtxcid0012398
cas-131341-86-1
tox21_301049
NCGC00254951-01
4-(2,2-difluorobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-1h-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile
maxim
geoxe
scholar
savior
cga 173506
saphire
FT-0631137
medallion
fludioxonil [mi]
cga-173506
3-(2,2-difluorobenzodioxol-4-yl)-4-cyanopyrrole
SCHEMBL22172
PB10198
fludioxinil
c12h6f2n2o2
mfcd01631158
fludioxonil, pestanal(r), analytical standard
fludioxonil 100 microg/ml in acetonitrile
fludioxonil 10 microg/ml in acetonitrile
fludioxonil 10 microg/ml in acetone
J-005981
CS-0035318
fludioxonil, certified reference material, tracecert(r)
AS-10363
BCP14355
Q975876
fludioxonil analytical standard
AMY3608
4-(2,2-difluoro-2h-1,3-benzodioxol-4-yl)-1h-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile
4-(2,2-difluoro-benzo[1,3]dioxol-4-yl)-1h-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fludioxonil is a post-harvest fungicide contained in effluents produced by fruit packaging plants, which should be treated prior to environmental dispersal. "	( Bioprocess performance, transformation pathway, and bacterial community dynamics in an immobilized cell bioreactor treating fludioxonil-contaminated wastewater under microaerophilic conditions. Alexandropoulou, I; Karpouzas, DG; Mavriou, Ζ; Melidis, P; Ntougias, S, 2022)	2.37
"Fludioxonil is a worldwide used phenylpyrrol fungicide."	( Fludioxonil, a phenylpyrrol pesticide, induces Cytoskeleton disruption, DNA damage and apoptosis via oxidative stress on rat glioma cells. Abid-Essefi, S; Eyer, J; Graiet, I; Hamdi, H, 2022)	2.89
"Fludioxonil is a pyrrole-containing pesticide whose registration as a plant protection product is currently under review in the United States and Europe. "	( Photodegradation of Fludioxonil and Other Pyrroles: The Importance of Indirect Photodegradation for Understanding Environmental Fate and Photoproduct Formation. Apell, JN; McNeill, K; Pflug, NC, 2019)	2.28
"Fludioxonil is a phenylpyrrole pesticide that is applied to fruit and vegetable crops post-harvest to minimize losses to mold, both during transport and at point of sale. "	( Uncertainty surrounding the mechanism and safety of the post-harvest fungicide fludioxonil. Brandhorst, TT; Klein, BS, 2019)	2.18
"Fludioxonil is a new-generation fungicide widely used for postharvest fruit protection. "	( Immunoreagents and competitive assays to fludioxonil. Abad-Fuentes, A; Abad-Somovilla, A; Agulló, C; Esteve-Turrillas, FA; Mercader, JV, 2014)	2.11
"Fludioxonil is an antifungal agent used in agricultural applications that is present at measurable amounts in fruits and vegetables. "	( Fludioxonil induced the cancer growth and metastasis via altering epithelial-mesenchymal transition via an estrogen receptor-dependent pathway in cellular and xenografted breast cancer models. Byun, YS; Choi, KC; Go, RE; Jeon, SY; Jeung, EB; Kim, CW; Nam, KH, 2017)	3.34

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fludioxonil has a widespread agricultural use to control various fungal diseases."	( Species Sensitivity Distributions of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Fludioxonil-Spiked Sediment Toxicity Tests. Brock, TCM; Sun, J; Xiao, PF; Yin, XH; Zhang, K; Zhu, GN, 2022)	1.68
"Fludioxonil has a potential to be incorporated in the fungicide resistance management strategies for control of blue mold in apples stored for 105 days."	( Control of blue mold (Penicillium expansum) by fludioxonil in apples (cv Empire) under controlled atmosphere and cold storage conditions. Brubacher, NR; Collucci, CA; Errampalli, D; Northover, J; Skog, L, 2005)	1.31
"Fludioxonil has a widespread agricultural use to control various fungal diseases."	( Species Sensitivity Distributions of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Fludioxonil-Spiked Sediment Toxicity Tests. Brock, TCM; Sun, J; Xiao, PF; Yin, XH; Zhang, K; Zhu, GN, 2022)	1.68
"Fludioxonil has a potential to be incorporated in the fungicide resistance management strategies for control of blue mold in apples stored for 105 days."	( Control of blue mold (Penicillium expansum) by fludioxonil in apples (cv Empire) under controlled atmosphere and cold storage conditions. Brubacher, NR; Collucci, CA; Errampalli, D; Northover, J; Skog, L, 2005)	1.31

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Both fludioxonil treatment groups significantly increased ROS levels, with the highest increase being 1.90 times that of the control group."	( Toxic effects of fludioxonil on the growth, photosynthetic activity, oxidative stress, cell morphology, apoptosis, and metabolism of Chlorella vulgaris. Deng, J; Gong, L; Jiang, X; Jiao, Q; Liu, X; Qiao, Z; Wang, X; Yao, X; Zhang, F, 2022)	1.52
"Fludioxonil treatment triggered elevated cytosolic methylglyoxal."	( Phenylpyrrole fungicides act on triosephosphate isomerase to induce methylglyoxal stress and alter hybrid histidine kinase activity. Brandhorst, TT; Kean, IRL; Klein, BS; Lawry, SM; Wiesner, DL, 2019)	1.24
"Fludioxonil treatment caused cell growth inhibition following cell swelling and cytokinesis defects in the sensitive wild-type but not in a hog1Delta mutant strain, suggesting that Hog1 activation results in morphological cellular defects."	( Calcineurin, Mpk1 and Hog1 MAPK pathways independently control fludioxonil antifungal sensitivity in Cryptococcus neoformans. Bahn, YS; Heitman, J; Kojima, K, 2006)	1.29
"When treated with fludioxonil, the phosphorylation level of Hog1 was significantly decreased in the four FludR isolates, which was in contrast to the observation in the FludS and two FludR isolates where phosphorylation level of Hog1 was increased."	( Biological and molecular characterizations of field fludioxonil-resistant isolates of Fusarium graminearum. Jiao, C; Ma, Z; Shao, W; Wang, J; Wen, Z, 2022)	1.3

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Neonicotinoid residues can be present in soybean vegetative tissue, prey insects, and flower tissues, possibly making them toxic to pollinators and natural enemies."	( Thiamethoxam Toxicity and Effects on Consumption Behavior in Orius insidiosus (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on Soybean. Camargo, C; Giesler, LJ; Hunt, TE; Siegfried, BD, 2017)	0.46
" In the absence of a clear, safe mechanism of action, fludioxonil should be re-evaluated for its potential to impact human health."	( Uncertainty surrounding the mechanism and safety of the post-harvest fungicide fludioxonil. Brandhorst, TT; Klein, BS, 2019)	0.99
" Toxic effects on nematodes were better predicted using concentrations in pore water than total sediment concentrations."	( Response of a nematode community to the fungicide fludioxonil in sediments of outdoor freshwater microcosms compared to a single species toxicity test. Brock, TCM; Höss, S; Roessink, I; Traunspurger, W, 2020)	0.81
" In this study, we aimed to explore the mixture toxic effects of fludioxonil (FLU) and triadimefon (TRI) on zebrafish (Danio rerio) by employing different toxicological endpoints."	( Combined toxic effects of fludioxonil and triadimefon on embryonic development of zebrafish (Danio rerio). Guo, D; Wang, D; Wang, Q; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Weng, H; Xu, C; Yang, G; Yu, R, 2020)	1.1
" Its residues may cause toxic effects to benthic aquatic fauna, thereby impacting ecosystem service functions of aquatic ecosystems."	( Species Sensitivity Distributions of Benthic Macroinvertebrates in Fludioxonil-Spiked Sediment Toxicity Tests. Brock, TCM; Sun, J; Xiao, PF; Yin, XH; Zhang, K; Zhu, GN, 2022)	0.96
" This study examined the toxic effects and mechanisms of fludioxonil on the microalgal taxa Chlorella vulgaris."	( Toxic effects of fludioxonil on the growth, photosynthetic activity, oxidative stress, cell morphology, apoptosis, and metabolism of Chlorella vulgaris. Deng, J; Gong, L; Jiang, X; Jiao, Q; Liu, X; Qiao, Z; Wang, X; Yao, X; Zhang, F, 2022)	1.31

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The postinfection activity of azoxystrobin (AZX), fludioxonil (FLU), and pyrimethanil (PYR), applied alone or in combination with imazalil (IMZ), in controlling postharvest green mold in 'Salustiana' oranges inoculated with Penicillium digitatum was studied."	( Postinfection activity, residue levels, and persistence of azoxystrobin, fludioxonil, and pyrimethanil applied alone or in combination with heat and imazalil for green mold control on inoculated oranges. Angioni, A; Barberis, A; Cabras, P; D'Aquino, S; Garau, VL; Palma, A; Schirra, M, 2010)	0.85
"The curative and protective activity of sodium bicarbonate (SBC) at 1% alone or in combination with fludioxonil (FLU), thiabendazole (TBZ), or FLU and TBZ together, between 50 and 600 mg/L, was evaluated on fruit of different citrus species and cultivars."	( Residue levels and efficacy of fludioxonil and thiabendazole in controlling postharvest green mold decay in citrus fruit when applied in combination with sodium bicarbonate. Angioni, A; D'Aquino, S; Palma, A; Schirra, M, 2013)	0.89

Item	Process	Frequency
Fruits	core-ingredient	3
Oranges	core-ingredient	2
Agrumes	core-ingredient	2
Fruits et produits dérivés	core-ingredient	2
Aliments à base de fruits et de légumes	core-ingredient	2
Aliments d'origine végétale	core-ingredient	2
Aliments et boissons à base de végétaux	core-ingredient	2
Fresh oranges	core-ingredient	1
Fresh fruits	core-ingredient	1
Citrus	core-ingredient	1
Fruits based foods	core-ingredient	1
Fruits and vegetables based foods	core-ingredient	1
Plant-based foods	core-ingredient	1
Plant-based foods and beverages	core-ingredient	1
Oranges fraîches	core-ingredient	1
Fruits frais	core-ingredient	1
Mandarines	core-ingredient	1
Nectarines	trace-ingredient	1
Peaches	trace-ingredient	1
Fruits	trace-ingredient	1
Fruits based foods	trace-ingredient	1
Fruits and vegetables based foods	trace-ingredient	1
Plant-based foods	trace-ingredient	1
Plant-based foods and beverages	trace-ingredient	1

Role	Description
androgen antagonist	A compound which inhibits or antagonises the biosynthesis or actions of androgens.
estrogen receptor agonist	An agonist at the estrogen receptor.
antifungal agrochemical	Any substance used in acriculture, horticulture, forestry, etc. for its fungicidal properties.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
benzodioxoles
pyrroles	An azole that includes only one N atom and no other heteroatom as a part of the aromatic skeleton.
nitrile	A compound having the structure RC#N; thus a C-substituted derivative of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N. In systematic nomenclature, the suffix nitrile denotes the triply bound #N atom, not the carbon atom attached to it.
organofluorine compound	An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
pregnane X receptor	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	50.1187	0.0251	27.9203	501.1870	AID651751
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	43.6412	3.1890	29.8841	59.4836	AID1224846
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	18.6582	0.0060	38.0041	19,952.5996	AID1159521; AID1159523
GLI family zinc finger 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	13.4587	0.0007	14.5928	83.7951	AID1259369; AID1259392
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.9826	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID1259243; AID1259247; AID588516; AID743035; AID743042; AID743054; AID743063
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.1972	0.0133	26.9810	70.7614	AID1346978
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.2289	0.0006	57.9133	22,387.1992	AID1259378
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	27.4268	0.0010	22.6508	76.6163	AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893
progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.2475	0.0004	17.9460	75.1148	AID1346784; AID1346795
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.7903	0.0002	14.3764	60.0339	AID588533; AID720692
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.9845	0.0030	41.6115	22,387.1992	AID1159552; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.5860	0.0008	17.5051	59.3239	AID1159527; AID1159531; AID588544
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	24.2789	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	22.3063	0.3758	27.4851	61.6524	AID588526; AID743217
pregnane X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.5774	0.0054	28.0263	1,258.9301	AID1346982; AID720659
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	22.7991	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID1259244; AID1259248; AID588514; AID743069; AID743075; AID743077; AID743078; AID743080; AID743091
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	15.8489	0.0010	24.5048	61.6448	AID588535
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	30.3091	0.0010	19.4141	70.9645	AID588536; AID588537; AID743191
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	9.0209	0.0237	23.2282	63.5986	AID588541; AID743223
caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	12.1972	0.0133	26.9810	70.7614	AID1346978
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.0726	0.0007	23.0674	1,258.9301	AID651777; AID743085; AID743122
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	27.3060	0.0017	23.8393	78.1014	AID743083
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	5.4483	0.0016	28.0151	77.1139	AID1224843
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	48.9662	19.7391	45.9784	64.9432	AID1159509
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	12.6837	0.0003	23.4451	159.6830	AID743065; AID743067
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	27.3060	0.0006	27.2152	1,122.0200	AID651741
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	24.3365	0.0015	57.7890	15,848.9004	AID1259244
Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.8038	0.0023	19.5956	74.0614	AID651631; AID720552
Glutamate receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	24.3365	0.0015	51.7393	15,848.9004	AID1259244
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replication	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespan	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
viral process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibiotic	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behavior	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-C	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin D	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processing	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
p53 binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
nuclear body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replication fork	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
PML body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Glutamate receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (72)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID417301	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 201388 carrying pYES2 in SD/-Ura medium after 48 hrs by CLSI susceptibility test	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	The antifungal polyketide ambruticin targets the HOG pathway.
AID1091288	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as CO2 compensation point at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 74.8 +/- 12.7 umol/mol)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID417422	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 201388 carrying pYES2 in SG/-Ura medium after 48 hrs by CLSI susceptibility test	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	The antifungal polyketide ambruticin targets the HOG pathway.
AID1091258	Effect on stomatal conductance in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 1 day post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091281	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as in vivo maximum rate of rubisco carboxylation at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 42.8 +/- 3.2 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091280	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as in vivo maximum rate of rubisco carboxylation at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 42.8 +/- 3.2 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091283	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as intercellular CO2 concentration-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 11.3 +/- 0.8 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091256	Effect on net photosynthetic rate in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 2 to 4 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091241	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in relative quantum yield of photo system 2 at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091246	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in dark respiration at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091250	Toxicity in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as effect on gas exchanges at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 10 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091282	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as in vivo maximum rate of rubisco carboxylation at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 42.8 +/- 3.2 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID386134	Induction of GFP tagged PagsA-H2B expression in Aspergillus niger RD6.47 at 104.2 ug/mL by fluorescence microscopy	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45	Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID1091287	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as mitochondrial respiration in the light at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 3.2 +/- 0.5 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1082449	In vivo antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana infected in tomato seedlings assessed as control of tomato gray mold disease development at 50 ug/ml treated 1 day before spore inoculation measured 3-7 days after inoculation	2011	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-26, Volume: 59, Issue:20	Nematicidal and antifungal activities of annonaceous acetogenins from Annona squamosa against various plant pathogens.
AID1091272	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as dark respiration at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 1.6 +/- 0.0 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID417420	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 201388 carrying pYES2-hik1-H736V in SD/-Ura medium after 48 hrs by CLSI susceptibility test	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	The antifungal polyketide ambruticin targets the HOG pathway.
AID417421	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 201388 carrying pYES2-hik1-D1153E in SD/-Ura medium after 48 hrs by CLSI susceptibility test	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	The antifungal polyketide ambruticin targets the HOG pathway.
AID1091238	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in Hill reaction activity 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091235	Effect on total nonphotochemical quenching in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091237	Effect on maximum efficiency of PSII photochemistry after dark-adaptation in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1082448	In vivo antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana infected in tomato seedlings assessed as control of tomato gray mold disease development at 5 ug/ml treated 1 day before spore inoculation measured 3-7 days after inoculation	2011	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Oct-26, Volume: 59, Issue:20	Nematicidal and antifungal activities of annonaceous acetogenins from Annona squamosa against various plant pathogens.
AID1091239	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in relative quantum yield of photo system 2 at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091274	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as apparent quantum yield of CO2 fixation at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 0.07 +/- 0.01 no unit) umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091268	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as light compensation point at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 22.6 +/- 3.1 umol/mol)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091270	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as light compensation point at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 22.6 +/- 3.1 umol/mol)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091271	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as dark respiration at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 1.6 +/- 0.0 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091252	Increase in intracellular CO2 level in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID417424	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 201388 carrying pYES2-hik1-H736V in SG/-Ura medium after 48 hrs by CLSI susceptibility test	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	The antifungal polyketide ambruticin targets the HOG pathway.
AID1091265	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as PPFD-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 8.9 +/- 1.5 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091247	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in apparent quantum yield of CO2 fixation at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID417423	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 201388 carrying pYES2-HIK1 in SG/-Ura medium after 48 hrs by CLSI susceptibility test	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	The antifungal polyketide ambruticin targets the HOG pathway.
AID1091275	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as apparent quantum yield of CO2 fixation at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 0.07 +/- 0.01 no unit) umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091278	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as CO2 compensation point at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 74.8 +/- 12.7 umol/mol)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091236	Effect on photochemical quenching in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091266	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as PPFD-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 8.9 +/- 1.5 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID417419	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 201388 carrying pYES2-HIK1 in SD/-Ura medium after 48 hrs by CLSI susceptibility test	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	The antifungal polyketide ambruticin targets the HOG pathway.
AID1091269	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as light compensation point at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 22.6 +/- 3.1 umol/mol)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091279	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as CO2 compensation point at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 74.8 +/- 12.7 umol/mol)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1112129	Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana inoculated in strawberry fruit	2012	Pest management science, Jun, Volume: 68, Issue:6	Biological activity of the succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor fluopyram against Botrytis cinerea and fungal baseline sensitivity.
AID1091284	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as intercellular CO2 concentration-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 11.3 +/- 0.8 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091277	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as mitochondrial respiration in the light at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 3.2 +/- 0.5 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091253	Increase in intracellular CO2 level in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091262	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as ratio of apparent quantum yield of photo system 2 to apparent quantum yield yield of CO2 fixation at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 10 +/- 1.7 no unit)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091248	Effect on stomatal conductance in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091261	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in net photosynthetic rate at 1.2 mM measured 1 day post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091285	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as intercellular CO2 concentration-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 11.3 +/- 0.8 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091255	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in net photosynthetic rate at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091243	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as increase in CO2 compensation point at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091254	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in net photosynthetic rate at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091244	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as increase in ratio of apparent quantum yield of photo system 2 to apparent quantum yield yield of CO2 fixation at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091286	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as apparent quantum yield of CO2 fixation at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 0.07 +/- 0.01 no unit) umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1080694	Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana infected in compound pre-treated tomato plant seedlings assessed as tomato gray mold disease control efficacy at 50 ug/mL measured 3 days post fungus inoculation under greenhouse conditions	2009	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 57, Issue:13	Antifungal activity of CHE-23C, a dimeric sesquiterpene from Chloranthus henryi.
AID1091264	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as ratio of apparent quantum yield of photo system 2 to apparent quantum yield yield of CO2 fixation at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 10 +/- 1.7 no unit)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091273	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as dark respiration at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 1.6 +/- 0.0 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091263	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as ratio of apparent quantum yield of photo system 2 to apparent quantum yield yield of CO2 fixation at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 10 +/- 1.7 no unit)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID417425	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 201388 carrying pYES2-hik1-D1153E in SG/-Ura medium after 48 hrs by CLSI susceptibility test	2007	Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, Oct, Volume: 51, Issue:10	The antifungal polyketide ambruticin targets the HOG pathway.
AID1091260	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in net photosynthetic rate at 6 mM measured 1 day post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091242	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as increase in mitochondrial respiration in the light at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091251	Increase in intracellular CO2 level in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091245	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as change in light compensation point at 6 mM measured 7 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091259	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in net photosynthetic rate at 30 mM measured 1 day post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091276	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as mitochondrial respiration in the light at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 3.2 +/- 0.5 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID386136	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger RD6.47 at 104.2 ug/mL by microtiter plate	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45	Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID1080695	Antifungal activity against Botryotinia fuckeliana infected in compound pre-treated tomato plant seedlings assessed as tomato gray mold disease control efficacy at 5 ug/mL measured 3 days post fungus inoculation under greenhouse conditions	2009	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Jul-08, Volume: 57, Issue:13	Antifungal activity of CHE-23C, a dimeric sesquiterpene from Chloranthus henryi.
AID386133	Induction of GFP tagged PagsA expression in Aspergillus niger JvD1.1 at 104.2 ug/mL by fluorescence microscopy	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45	Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID386135	Antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger JvD1.1 at 104.2 ug/mL by microtiter plate	2007	The Journal of biological chemistry, Nov-09, Volume: 282, Issue:45	Survival in the presence of antifungals: genome-wide expression profiling of Aspergillus niger in response to sublethal concentrations of caspofungin and fenpropimorph.
AID1091267	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as PPFD-saturated net CO2 assimilation rate at 1.2 mM measured 7 days post compound application (Rvb = 8.9 +/- 1.5 umol/m2/s)	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091257	Effect on intracellular CO2 level in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 1 day post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1654582	Drug recovery in rat excreta assessed as metabolically unchanged parent compound at 100 mg/kg, po	2020	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 06-25, Volume: 63, Issue:12	Metabolic and Pharmaceutical Aspects of Fluorinated Compounds.
AID1091249	Toxicity in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as effect on gas exchanges at 1.2 to 30 mM measured 14 days post compound application	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
AID1091240	Inhibition of photosynthesis in Vitis vinifera cv. Pinot noir assessed as reduction in relative quantum yield of photo system 2 at 30 mM measured 7 days post compound application relative to untreated control	2008	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Aug-13, Volume: 56, Issue:15	Photosynthesis limitations of grapevine after treatment with the fungicide fludioxonil.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	1 (0.59)	18.2507
2000's	50 (29.41)	29.6817
2010's	84 (49.41)	24.3611
2020's	35 (20.59)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	1 (0.58%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	172 (99.42%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. dihydroxybenzoic acid : Any member of the class of hydroxybenzoic acids carrying two phenolic hydroxy groups on the benzene ring and its derivatives.. 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It occurs naturally in Phyllanthus acidus and in the aquatic fern Salvinia molesta.	2.04	1	dihydroxybenzoic acid	human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.	2.25	1	benzoic acids	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
carbamates [no description available]	3.23	5	amino-acid anion
phloroglucinol Phloroglucinol: A trinitrobenzene derivative with antispasmodic properties that is used primarily as a laboratory reagent.. phloroglucinol : A benzenetriol with hydroxy groups at position 1, 3 and 5.	2.01	1	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	algal metabolite
hydrogen sulfide Hydrogen Sulfide: A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). hydrogen sulfide : A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.. thiol : An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety.	2.15	1	gas molecular entity; hydracid; mononuclear parent hydride; sulfur hydride	Escherichia coli metabolite; genotoxin; metabolite; signalling molecule; toxin; vasodilator agent
guaiacol Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.	2.03	1	guaiacols	disinfectant; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; expectorant; plant metabolite
glycerol Moon: The natural satellite of the planet Earth. It includes the lunar cycles or phases, the lunar month, lunar landscapes, geography, and soil.	8.32	6	alditol; triol	algal metabolite; detergent; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; solvent
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	2.05	1	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
pyruvaldehyde Pyruvaldehyde: An organic compound used often as a reagent in organic synthesis, as a flavoring agent, and in tanning. It has been demonstrated as an intermediate in the metabolism of acetone and its derivatives in isolated cell preparations, in various culture media, and in vivo in certain animals.. methylglyoxal : A 2-oxo aldehyde derived from propanal.	2.51	2	2-oxo aldehyde; propanals	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
niacinamide nicotinamide : A pyridinecarboxamide that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxamide group.	2.58	2	pyridine alkaloid; pyridinecarboxamide; vitamin B3	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; cofactor; EC 2.4.2.30 (NAD(+) ADP-ribosyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; neuroprotective agent; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; Sir2 inhibitor
oxalic acid Oxalic Acid: A strong dicarboxylic acid occurring in many plants and vegetables. It is produced in the body by metabolism of glyoxylic acid or ascorbic acid. It is not metabolized but excreted in the urine. It is used as an analytical reagent and general reducing agent.. oxalic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is ethane substituted by carboxyl groups at positions 1 and 2.	2.17	1	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	2.03	1	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
berberine [no description available]	7.03	1	alkaloid antibiotic; berberine alkaloid; botanical anti-fungal agent; organic heteropentacyclic compound	antilipemic drug; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.141 [15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.52 (indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor; EC 1.21.3.3 (reticuline oxidase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.116 [3'-hydroxy-N-methyl-(S)-coclaurine 4'-O-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.122 [(S)-tetrahydroprotoberberine N-methyltransferase] inhibitor; EC 2.7.11.10 (IkappaB kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.4 (phospholipase A2) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor; EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; metabolite; potassium channel blocker
fentanyl Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	2.25	1	anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	adjuvant; anaesthesia adjuvant; anaesthetic; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
fluconazole Fluconazole: Triazole antifungal agent that is used to treat oropharyngeal CANDIDIASIS and cryptococcal MENINGITIS in AIDS.. fluconazole : A member of the class of triazoles that is propan-2-ol substituted at position 1 and 3 by 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl groups and at position 2 by a 2,4-difluorophenyl group. It is an antifungal drug used for the treatment of mucosal candidiasis and for systemic infections including systemic candidiasis, coccidioidomycosis, and cryptococcosis.	7.07	1	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	environmental contaminant; P450 inhibitor; xenobiotic
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	2.25	1	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.	2.25	1	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound
2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; a oxidative product of saligenin. 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid having the two hydroxy groups at the 2- and 5-positions.	7.03	1	dihydroxybenzoic acid	EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; human metabolite; MALDI matrix material; mouse metabolite
halothane [no description available]	2.25	1	haloalkane; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; organofluorine compound	inhalation anaesthetic
hydroxyurea [no description available]	2.05	1	one-carbon compound; ureas	antimetabolite; antimitotic; antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor; genotoxin; immunomodulator; radical scavenger; teratogenic agent
merbromin Merbromin: A once-popular mercury containing topical antiseptic.. merbromin : An organic sodium salt that is 2,7-dibromo-4-hydroxymercurifluorescein in which the carboxy group and the phenolic hydroxy group have been deprotonated and the resulting charge is neutralised by two sodium ions.	2.1	1
methyl methanesulfonate [no description available]	2.05	1	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen
patulin Patulin: 4-Hydroxy-4H-furo(3,2-c)pyran-2(6H)-one. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is found in unfermented apple and grape juice and field crops. It has antibiotic properties and has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic and causes chromosome damage in biological systems.. patulin : A furopyran and lactone that is (2H-pyran-3(6H)-ylidene)acetic acid which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 2 and 4 and in which the hydroxy group at position 4 has condensed with the carboxy group to give the corresponding bicyclic lactone. A mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, it has antibiotic properties but has been shown to be carcinogenic and mutagenic.	7.48	2	furopyran; gamma-lactone; lactol	antimicrobial agent; Aspergillus metabolite; carcinogenic agent; mutagen; mycotoxin; Penicillium metabolite
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	2.25	1	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
prometryne Prometryne: A triazine used as a selective pre- and post-emergence herbicide. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). prometryn : A diamino-1,3,5-triazine that is N,N'-di(propan-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine substituted by a methylsulfanediyl group at position 6.	2.06	1	diamino-1,3,5-triazine; methylthio-1,3,5-triazine	environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
riluzole Riluzole: A glutamate antagonist (RECEPTORS, GLUTAMATE) used as an anticonvulsant (ANTICONVULSANTS) and to prolong the survival of patients with AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS.	2.25	1	benzothiazoles
sevoflurane Sevoflurane: A non-explosive inhalation anesthetic used in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia. It does not cause respiratory irritation and may also prevent PLATELET AGGREGATION.. sevoflurane : An ether compound having fluoromethyl and 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl as the two alkyl groups.	2.25	1	ether; organofluorine compound	central nervous system depressant; inhalation anaesthetic; platelet aggregation inhibitor
fluoroacetic acid fluoroacetic acid: N1 same as NM; RN given refers to parent cpd. fluoroacetic acid : A haloacetic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by fluorine.	2.25	1	haloacetic acid; organofluorine compound	EC 4.2.1.3 (aconitate hydratase) inhibitor
thiabendazole Tresaderm: dermatologic soln containing dexamethasone, thiabendazole & neomycin sulfate	8.6	8	1,3-thiazoles; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug
tolnaftate [no description available]	2.1	1	monothiocarbamic ester	antifungal drug
sorbitol D-glucitol : The D-enantiomer of glucitol (also known as D-sorbitol).	7.25	1	glucitol	cathartic; Escherichia coli metabolite; food humectant; human metabolite; laxative; metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
piperonyl butoxide [no description available]	2.01	1	benzodioxoles	pesticide synergist
benzimidazole 1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole.	2.08	1	benzimidazole; polycyclic heteroarene
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	3.74	9	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
aspartic acid Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid.	2.31	1	aspartate family amino acid; aspartic acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	2.01	1	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	2.03	1	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
trifluoroethanol Trifluoroethanol: A non-aqueous co-solvent that serves as tool to study protein folding. It is also used in various pharmaceutical, chemical and engineering applications.	2.25	1	fluoroalcohol
quintozene quintozene: active ingredient of variety of fungicides. pentachloronitrobenzene : A C-nitro compound that is nitrobenzene in which every hydrogen has been replaced by a chlorine. A fungicide used on a variety of crops, including cotton, rice and seed grains, it is no longer approved for use within the European Union.	2.06	1	aromatic fungicide; C-nitro compound; pentachlorobenzenes	antifungal agrochemical
1-chloro-2-nitrobenzene [no description available]	2.25	1	C-nitro compound; monochlorobenzenes
thymol Thymol: A phenol obtained from thyme oil or other volatile oils used as a stabilizer in pharmaceutical preparations, and as an antiseptic (antibacterial or antifungal) agent.. thymol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene.	2.11	1	monoterpenoid; phenols	volatile oil component
2-phenylphenol 2-phenylphenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. biphenyl-2-ol : A member of the class of hydroxybiphenyls that is biphenyl substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It is generally used as a post-harvest fungicide for citrus fruits.	2.13	1	hydroxybiphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; environmental food contaminant
diphenyl diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure	2.13	1	aromatic fungicide; benzenes; biphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative
phenetole phenetole : An aromatic ether in which the ether oxygen is bonded to an ethyl and a phenyl group.	2.25	1	aromatic ether
2-chloropyridine 2-chloropyridine: structure given in first source	2.25	1	monochloropyridine
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	12.59	162	pyrrole; secondary amine
tetrafluoroethylene tetrafluoroethylene: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.25	1	fluorocarbon
hexafluoropropene [no description available]	2.25	1
oxazoles Oxazoles: Five-membered heterocyclic ring structures containing an oxygen in the 1-position and a nitrogen in the 3-position, in distinction from ISOXAZOLES where they are at the 1,2 positions.. 1,3-oxazole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene that is an analogue of cyclopentadiene with O in place of CH2 at position 1 and N in place of CH at position 3.. oxazole : An azole based on a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton containing one N and one O atom.	2.13	1	1,3-oxazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazoles [no description available]	2.81	3	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
aminoimidazole carboxamide Aminoimidazole Carboxamide: An imidazole derivative which is a metabolite of the antineoplastic agents BIC and DIC. By itself, or as the ribonucleotide, it is used as a condensation agent in the preparation of nucleosides and nucleotides. Compounded with orotic acid, it is used to treat liver diseases.. 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide : An aminoimidazole in which the amino group is at C-5 with a carboxamido group at C-4.	4.33	18	aminoimidazole; monocarboxylic acid amide	mouse metabolite
hydantoins Hydantoins: Compounds based on imidazolidine dione. Some derivatives are ANTICONVULSANTS.. imidazolidine-2,4-dione : An imidazolidinone with oxo groups at position 2 and 4.	4.33	18	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
carvacrol carvacrol : A phenol that is a natural monoterpene derivative of cymene. An inhibitor of bacterial growth, it is used as a food additive. Potent activator of the human ion channels transient receptor potential V3 (TRPV3) and A1 (TRPA1).	2.11	1	botanical anti-fungal agent; p-menthane monoterpenoid; phenols	agrochemical; antimicrobial agent; flavouring agent; TRPA1 channel agonist; volatile oil component
alpha-aminopyridine alpha-aminopyridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #485. aminopyridine : Compounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.	2.59	2
congo red Congo Red: An acid dye used in testing for hydrochloric acid in gastric contents. It is also used histologically to test for AMYLOIDOSIS.. Congo Red : An indicator dye that is blue-violet at pH 3.0 and red at pH 5.0.	2.8	3	bis(azo) compound
2-bromopropionic acid, (dl)-isomer 2-bromopropionic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.25	1
2-chloropropionic acid 2-chloropropionic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd with specified chlorine locant; structure	2.25	1
alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine alpha-fluoro-beta-alanine: metabolite of HCFU & 5-fluorouracil; structure in first source	2.25	1	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
rhodamine 6g rhodamine 6G: RN given refers to HCl	2.07	1
zinc oxide Zinc Oxide: A mild astringent and topical protectant with some antiseptic action. It is also used in bandages, pastes, ointments, dental cements, and as a sunblock.	2.06	1	zinc molecular entity
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	2.01	1	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
tetrachloroisophthalonitrile tetrachloroisophthalonitrile: structure. chlorothalonil : A dinitrile that is benzene-1,3-dicarbonitrile substituted by four chloro groups. A non-systemic fungicide first introduced in the 1960s, it is used to control a range of diseases in a wide variety of crops.	2.48	2	aromatic fungicide; dinitrile; tetrachlorobenzene	antifungal agrochemical
2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol: produced by Pseudomonas aurantiaca. 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol : A benzenetriol that is phloroglucinol in which two of the ring hydrogens are replaced by acetyl groups.	2.01	1	aromatic ketone; benzenetriol; diketone; methyl ketone	antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite
dithianone dithianone: structure. dithianon : A naphthodithiin that is 5,10-dioxo-5,10-dihydronaphtho[2,3-b][1,4]dithiin which is substituted by nitrile groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a broad spectrum fungicide used to control scab, downy mildew, rust, and leaf spot in the commercial growing of grapes and other fruit, citrus, coffee, and vegetables.	2.06	1	dinitrile; naphthodithiin; p-quinones	antifungal agrochemical
fuberidazole fuberidazole: fumigant; structure. fuberidazole : A ring assembly consisting of benzimidazole substituted at position 2 by a 2-furyl group. A fungicide used as a seed treatment to control Fusarium spp. in cereals.	2.03	1	benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; furans	antifungal agrochemical
carboxin Carboxin: A systemic agricultural fungicide and seed treatment agent.. carboxin : An anilide obtained by formal condensation of the amino group of aniline with the carboxy group of 2-methyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiine-3-carboxylic acid. A fungicide for control of bunts and smuts that is normally used as a seed treatment.	2.05	1	anilide fungicide; anilide; enamide; organosulfur heterocyclic compound; oxacycle; secondary carboxamide	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor
copper sulfate Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.	2.02	1	metal sulfate	emetic; fertilizer; sensitiser
silver nitrate Silver Nitrate: A silver salt with powerful germicidal activity. It has been used topically to prevent OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM.	2.1	1	inorganic nitrate salt; silver salt	astringent
ozone Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.	2.1	1	elemental molecule; gas molecular entity; reactive oxygen species; triatomic oxygen	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; electrophilic reagent; greenhouse gas; mutagen; oxidising agent; tracer
chlorine dioxide chlorine dioxide: equal or superior to chlorine when used as wastewater disinfectant	2.1	1	chlorine dioxide
cadmium sulfate cadmium sulfate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Cd-H2SO4	2.05	1	cadmium salt
carbendazim carbendazim: carcinogen when combined with sodium nitrite; principle metabolite of thiophanate methyl & benomyl; structure. carbendazim : A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 2-aminobenzimidazole in which the primary amino group is substituted by a methoxycarbonyl group. A fungicide, carbendazim controls Ascomycetes, Fungi Imperfecti, and Basidiomycetes on a wide variety of crops, including bananas, cereals, cotton, fruits, grapes, mushrooms, ornamentals, peanuts, sugarbeet, soybeans, tobacco, and vegetables.	2.82	3	benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	antifungal agrochemical; antinematodal drug; metabolite; microtubule-destabilising agent
chlortoluron chlorotoluron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups while the other is substituted by a 3-chloro-4-methylphenyl group. A herbicide that is non-toxic to honeybees but moderately toxic to mammals, birds, earthworms and most aquatic organisms.	2.06	1	monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas	agrochemical; environmental contaminant; herbicide; xenobiotic
benomyl [no description available]	2.74	3	aromatic amide; benzimidazole fungicide; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolylcarbamate fungicide; carbamate ester	acaricide; anthelminthic drug; antifungal agrochemical; microtubule-destabilising agent; tubulin modulator
zingerone zingerone: pungent principle of ginger; structure. zingerone : A methyl ketone that is 4-phenylbutan-2-one in which the phenyl ring is substituted at positions 3 and 4 by methoxy and hydroxy groups respectively. The major pungent component in ginger.	2.03	1	methyl ketone; monomethoxybenzene; phenols	anti-inflammatory agent; antiemetic; antioxidant; flavouring agent; fragrance; plant metabolite; radiation protective agent
7-ethoxycoumarin 7-ethoxycoumarin : A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the hydroxy group at position 7 is replaced by an ethoxy group.	2.25	1	aromatic ether; coumarins
procymidone procymidone : An azabicycloalkane that is 1,5-dimethyl-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,4-dione in which the amino hydrogen is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. A fungicide widely used in horticulture as a seed dressing, pre-harvest spray or post-harvest dip for the control of various diseases.	7	1
enilconazole enilconazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. enilconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-enilconazole. A fungicide used to control a wide range of fungi including Tilletia and Helminthosporium spp. on fruit, vegetables and ornamentals. In veterinary medicine, it is used topically for the treatment of fungal skin infections in cattle, dogs, and horses; it is also used by inhalation for the treatment of aspergillosis in ostriches.. 1-[2-(allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles in which the hydrogen at position 1 is replaced by a 2-(allyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl group.	2.75	3	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
iprodione iprodione : An imidazolidine-2,4-dione in which the nitrogen at position 1 is substituted by an N-(isopropyl)carboxamide group while that at position 3 is substituted by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group. A contact fungicide, it blocks the growth of the fungal mycelium and inhibits the germination of fungal spores. It is used on fruit and vegetable crops affected by various fungal diseases. It is also used as a nematicide.	4.38	19	benzenes; dichlorophenyl dicarboximide fungicide; imidazole fungicide; imidazolidine-2,4-dione; ureas	antifungal agrochemical; nematicide
tricyclazole tricyclazole: RN given refers to parent cpd. tricyclazole : A triazolobenzothiazole that is [1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3]benzothiazole which is substituted at position 5 by a methyl group. A fungicide used for the control of rice blast, it is not approved for use within the European Union.	2.05	1	triazolobenzothiazole	antifungal agrochemical; melanin synthesis inhibitor
triadimefon 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-hydroxy-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorophenyl group.	7.52	2	aromatic ether; hemiaminal ether; ketone; monochlorobenzenes; triazoles
vinclozolin vinclozolin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-vinclozolin. A fungicide used mainly on oilseed rape, vines, fruit and vegetables to control Botrytis, Sclerotinia and Monilia spp.. 3-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione : A member of the class of oxazolidinones that is 5-ethenyl-5-methyl-2,4-oxazolidinedione in which the imide hydrogen is replaced by a 3,5-dichlorophenyl group.	2.47	2	dicarboximide; dichlorobenzene; olefinic compound; oxazolidinone
metalaxyl metalaxyl: RN given refers to (DL-Ala)-isomer. metalaxyl : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-metalaxyl. A systemic fungicide, it is active against phytopathogens of the order Peronosporales and is used to conrtrol Pythium in a number of vegetable crops.. methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate : An alanine derivative that is methyl alaninate in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is substituted by a methoxyacetyl group, while the other is substituted by a 2,6-dimethylphenyl group.	3.36	6	alanine derivative; aromatic amide; carboxamide; ether; methyl ester
propiconazole Orbit: Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages.	2.84	3	conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dichlorobenzene; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
perfluoroisobutylene [no description available]	2.25	1
hexaconazole 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)hexan-2-ol : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-hexyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole in which the hydrogens at position 2 of the hexyl chain are replaced by hydroxy and 2,4-dichlorophenyl groups.. hexaconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-hexaconazole. An agricultural fungicide introduced in the 1980s, it is not approved for use within the European Union.	2.05	1	dichlorobenzene; tertiary alcohol; triazoles	chelator
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	3.8	10	1,2,3-triazole
voriconazole Voriconazole: A triazole antifungal agent that specifically inhibits STEROL 14-ALPHA-DEMETHYLASE and CYTOCHROME P-450 CYP3A.. voriconazole : A triazole-based antifungal agent used for the treatment of esophageal candidiasis, invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, and serious fungal infections caused by Scedosporium apiospermum and Fusarium spp. It is an inhibitor of cytochrome P450 2C9 (CYP2C9) and CYP3A4.	2.25	1	conazole antifungal drug; difluorobenzene; pyrimidines; tertiary alcohol; triazole antifungal drug	P450 inhibitor
fluphenacur fluphenacur: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.06	1	aromatic ether; benzoylurea insecticide; dichlorobenzene; N-acylurea; organofluorine compound
neplanocin a neplanocin A: neplanocins are antitumor antibiotics & carbocyclic analogs of purine nucleosides from Ampullarilla regularis A11079; see also neplanocin B, neplanocin C, neplanocin D & neplanocin F; structure in first source; a potent inhibitor of S-adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase	2.25	1
flusilazole flusilazole: structure given in first source. flusilazole : An organosilicon compound that is dimethylsilane in which the hydrogens attached to the silicon are replaced by p-fluorophenyl groups and a hydrogen attached to one of the methyl groups is replaced by a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl group. It is a broad-sepctrum fungicide used to protect a variety of crops.	2.06	1	conazole fungicide; monofluorobenzenes; organosilicon compound; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tebuconazole Lynx: A genus in the family FELIDAE comprising felines with long legs, ear tufts, and a short tail.. 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol : A tertiary alcohol that is pentan-3-ol substituted by a 4-chlorophenyl, methyl, methyl, and a 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl at positions 1, 4, 4 and 3 respectively.. tebuconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tebuconazole. A fungicide effective against various smut and bunt diseases in cereals and other field crops.	8.01	4	monochlorobenzenes; tertiary alcohol; triazoles
4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)butanenitrile fenbuconazole: fenbuconazole is a formulant in the fungicide Enable; structure in first source. fenbuconazole : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fenbuconazole. A fungicide used to control a range of diseases including powdery mildew, black rot and scab.. 4-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-phenyl-2-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)butanenitrile : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1-chloro-4-(3-phenylpropyl)benzene substituted at position 3 of the propyl moiety by cyano and 1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl groups.	2.15	1	monochlorobenzenes; nitrile; triazoles
spiroxamine spiroxamine: structure in first source. spiroxamine : The spiroketal resulting from the formal condensation of 4-tert-butylcyclohexanone with 3-[ethyl(propyl)amino]propane-1,2-diol. An inhibitor of ergosterol synthesis, it is a broad spectrum agricultural fungicide used particularly against powdery mildew in the production of cereals, bananas and grapes.	2.03	1	dioxolane; spiroketal; tertiary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor; xenobiotic
difenoconazole difenoconazole : A member of the class of dioxolanes that is 1,3-dioxolane substituted at position 2 by 2-chloro-4-(4-chlorophenoxy)phenyl and 1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl groups. A broad spectrum fungicide with novel broad-range activity used as a spray or seed treatment. It is moderately toxic to humans, mammals, birds and most aquatic organisms.	2.31	1	aromatic ether; conazole fungicide; cyclic ketal; dioxolane; triazole fungicide; triazoles	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.70 (sterol 14alpha-demethylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
mepanipyrim mepanipyrim : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine carrying additional methyl and 1-propynyl substituents at positions 4 and 6 respectively. A fungicide used to control a wide range of diseases including grey mould on strawberries, tomatoes and cucumabers, and scab on apples and pears.	2	1	acetylenic compound; aminopyrimidine; anilinopyrimidine fungicide; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; hepatotoxic agent
dimethomorph [no description available]	2.46	2	mixture; morpholine fungicide	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cyprodinil cyprodinil: structure in first source. cyprodinil : A member of the class of aminopyrimidine that is N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine carrying additional cyclopropyl and methyl substituents at positions 4 and 6 respectively. A broad spectrum fungicide used to control a range of pathogens including Tapesia yallundae, Botrytis spp., Alternaria spp. and Rhynchospium secalis. Whilst it is a recognised irritant no serious human health concerns have been identified. It is moderately toxic to birds as well as most aquatic organisms and earthworms, but it is not considered toxic to honeybees.	4.7	27	aminopyrimidine; anilinopyrimidine fungicide; cyclopropanes; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
n-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide N-(3,5-dichlorophenyl)succinimide: nephrotoxic; post-treatment enhanced induction of renal cell tumors in rats by dimethylnitrosamine, pre-treatment inhibited induction of tumors, & alone caused interstitial nephritis but no tumors	2.17	1	pyrrolidines
2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde dihydroxybenzaldehyde : Any member of the class of benzaldehydes in which the phenyl ring is substituted by two hydroxy groups.	2.04	1	dihydroxybenzaldehyde
pyrimethanil pyrimethanil: structure in first source. pyrimethanil : A member of the class of aminopyrimidines that is N-phenylpyrimidin-2-amine carrying two additional methyl substituents at positions 4 and 6. A fungicide used to control grey mould on fruit, vegetables and ornamentals as well as leaf scab on pome fruit. Also commonly employed to control Botrytis cinerea throughout the winemaking process in grapes, must, fermenting must and wine.	4.19	16	aminopyrimidine; anilinopyrimidine fungicide; secondary amino compound	antifungal agrochemical; aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
bitertanol bitertanol: a triazole fungicide; structure given in first source. bitertanol : A diastereoisomeric mixture composed of the enantiomeric pair (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-bitertanol in a 4:1 ratio with the enantiomeric pair (1R,2R)- and (1S,2S)-bitertanol. A fungicide used to control a range of diseases including scab, powder mildew, rusts and blackspot. It is moderately toxic to most animal and insect species but is non-toxic to honeybees.. 1-(biphenyl-4-yloxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-ol : A member of the class of triazoles that is 3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butane-1,2-diol substituted at position O-1 by a biphenyl-4-yl group.	2.03	1	aromatic ether; biphenyls; secondary alcohol; triazoles
pencycuron pencycuron: structure given in first source. pencycuron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea which is substituted by p-chlorobenzyl and cyclopentyl groups at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 3. A fungicide used to control diseases caused by Rhizoctonia solani and Pellicularia spp. It is not highly toxic to mammals but is moderately toxic to birds, most aquatic organisms, honeybees and earthworms.	2.17	1	monochlorobenzenes; phenylureas	antifungal agrochemical
penconazole penconazole: structure given in first source. penconazole : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-penconazole. A fungicide used to control powdery mildew, scab and other pathogenic Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Deuteromycetes.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl]1,2,4-triazole : A member of the classof triazoles that is 1,2,4-triazole substituted at position 1 by a 2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)pentyl group.	2.08	1	dichlorobenzene; triazoles
fenpiclonil fenpiclonil : A member of the class of pyrroles carrying cyano and 2,3-dichlorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively. A fungicide used mainly to control seed-borne pathogens in cereal crops.	2.01	1	dichlorobenzene; nitrile; pyrroles	antifungal agrochemical
fluazinam fluazinam: structure given in first source. fluazinam : A member of the class of aminopyridines that is 2-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group. A fungicide used to control grey mould, downy mildew and other fungal pathogens.	2.59	2	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aminopyridine; C-nitro compound; chloropyridine; monochlorobenzenes; secondary amino compound	allergen; antifungal agrochemical; apoptosis inducer; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
pyriproxyfen pyriproxyfen: an insect growth regulator; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. pyriproxyfen : An aromatic ether that consists of propylene glycol having a 2-pyridyl group at the O-1 position and a 4-phenoxyphenyl group at the O-3 position.	2.1	1	aromatic ether; pyridines	juvenile hormone mimic
fenpropimorph [no description available]	2.03	1	alkylbenzene
n-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-n'-phenylurea forchlorfenuron : A member of the class of phenylureas that is urea substituted by a phenyl group and a 2-chloropyridin-4-yl group at positions 1 and 3 respectively. It is a plant growth regulator widely used in agriculture for improving fruit quality and fruit size.	2.17	1	monochloropyridine; phenylureas	plant growth regulator
2,6-diamino-9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)purine 2,6-diamino-9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)purine: adenosine deaminase converts above cpd to acylovir	2.25	1
1-phenazinecarboxylic acid 1-phenazinecarboxylic acid: from Streptomyces cinnamonensis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source. phenazine-1-carboxylic acid : An aromatic carboxylic acid that is phenazine substituted at C-1 with a carboxy group.	2.01	1	aromatic carboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; phenazines	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; bacterial metabolite
thiamethoxam Thiamethoxam: A nitro-oxazine and thiazole derivative that is used as a broad spectrum neonicotinoid insecticide.. thiamethoxam : An oxadiazane that is tetrahydro-N-nitro-4H-1,3,5-oxadiazin-4-imine bearing (2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl and methyl substituents at positions 3 and 5 respectively.	8.06	4	1,3-thiazoles; 2-nitroguanidine derivative; organochlorine compound; oxadiazane	antifeedant; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; neonicotinoid insectide; xenobiotic
phenazine-1-carboxamide phenazine-1-carboxamide: used as a root colonization. phenazine-1-carboxamide : An aromatic amide that is phenazine substituted at C-1 with a carbamoyl group.	2.01	1	aromatic amide; monocarboxylic acid amide; phenazines
desacetyluvaricin desacetyluvaricin: isolated from Uvaria accuminata; structure given in first source	2.06	1
pinoxaden pinoxaden: structure in first source. pinoxaden : A pyrazolooxadiazepine that is 7-oxo-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-7H-pyrazolo[1,2-d][1,4,5]oxadiazepin which is substituted at positions 8 and 9 by 2,6-diethyl-4-methylphenyl and pivaloyloxy groups, respectively. A pro-herbicide (by hydrolysis of the pivalate ester to give the corresponding enol), it is used for control of grass weeds in cereal crops.	2.06	1	pivalate ester; pyrazolooxadiazepine	agrochemical; EC 6.4.1.2 (acetyl-CoA carboxylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; proherbicide; xenobiotic
2-chloro-n-(4-chlorobiphenyl-2-yl)nicotinamide boscalid : A pyridinecarboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 2-chloronicotinic acid with the amino group of 4'-chlorobiphenyl-2-amine. A fungicide active against a broad range of fungal pathogens including Botrytis spp., Alternaria spp. and Sclerotinia spp. for use on a wide range of crops including fruit, vegetables and ornamentals.	2.07	1	anilide fungicide; biphenyls; monochlorobenzenes; pyridinecarboxamide	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.3.5.1 [succinate dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
n-(2,3-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylcyclohexanecarboxamide N-(2,3-dichloro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-methylcyclohexanecarboxamide: structure in first source. fenhexamid : An aromatic amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-methylcyclohexanecarboxylic acid with the amino group of 4-amino-2,3-dichlorophenol.	2.76	3	anilide fungicide; aromatic amide; dichlorobenzene; monocarboxylic acid amide; phenols	antifungal agrochemical; EC 1.14.13.72 (methylsterol monooxygenase) inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
povidone-iodine Povidone-Iodine: An iodinated polyvinyl polymer used as topical antiseptic in surgery and for skin and mucous membrane infections, also as aerosol. The iodine may be radiolabeled for research purposes.	2.1	1
ochratoxin a ochratoxin A: structure in first source & in Merck, 9th ed, #6549. ochratoxin A : A phenylalanine derivative resulting from the formal condensation of the amino group of L-phenylalanine with the carboxy group of (3R)-5-chloro-8-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-oxo-3,4-dihydro-1H-2-benzopyran-7-carboxylic acid (ochratoxin alpha). It is among the most widely occurring food-contaminating mycotoxins, produced by Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus carbonarius and Penicillium verrucosum.	2.44	2	isochromanes; monocarboxylic acid amide; N-acyl-L-phenylalanine; organochlorine compound; phenylalanine derivative	Aspergillus metabolite; calcium channel blocker; carcinogenic agent; mycotoxin; nephrotoxin; Penicillium metabolite; teratogenic agent
validamycin a validamycin A : A member of the class of validamycins that is (1R,2S,3S,4S,6R)-4-amino-6-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexane-1,2,3-triol in which the hydroxy group at position 1 has been converted to its beta-D-glucoside and in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a (1R,4R,5R,6S)-4,5,6-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohex-2-en-1-yl group. It is the major validamycin produced by Streptomyces hygroscopicus.	2.46	2	antibiotic fungicide; polyol; secondary amino compound; validamycins	antifungal agrochemical; EC 2.4.1.231 [alpha,alpha-trehalose phosphorylase (configuration-retaining)] inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.64 (alpha,alpha-trehalose phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 3.2.1.28 (alpha,alpha-trehalase) inhibitor
ergosterol [no description available]	2.08	1	3beta-hydroxy-Delta(5)-steroid; 3beta-sterol; ergostanoid; phytosterols	fungal metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
pa 824 pretomanid: nitroimidazopyran derived from 5-nitroimidazoles; a prodrug that requires activation by a bacterial F420-depedent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (Fgd) and nitroreductase to activate components that then inhibit bacterial mycolic acid and protein synthesis; structure in first source	2.25	1
sodium bicarbonate Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.	7.08	1	one-carbon compound; organic sodium salt	antacid; food anticaking agent
cinnamaldehyde 3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.	2.06	1	3-phenylprop-2-enal; cinnamaldehydes	antifungal agent; EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite; sensitiser; vasodilator agent
terbinafine [no description available]	2.03	1	acetylenic compound; allylamine antifungal drug; enyne; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	2.01	1	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
fumonisin b1 fumonisin B1: isolated from Fusarium moniliforme MRC 826; structure given in first source; has cancer-promoting activity; inhibits ceramide synthase. fumonisin B1 : A diester that results from the condensation of the 1-carboxy groups of two molecules of propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid with hydroxy groups at positions 14 and 15 of (2S,3S,5R,10R,12S,14S,15R,16R)-2-amino-12,16-dimethylicosane-3,5,10,14,15-pentol.	2.11	1	diester; fumonisin; primary amino compound; triol	carcinogenic agent; metabolite
3,3,3-trifluoroalanine 3,3,3-trifluoroalanine: RN refers to (DL)-isomer; inhibits pyridoxal-5'-phosphate dependent cystathionine beta-lyase	2.25	1
cancidas [no description available]	2.03	1
thiophanate Thiophanate: Nematocide used in livestock; also has fungicidal properties.. thiophanate : A member of the class of thioureas that is the diethyl ester of (1,2-phenylenedicarbamothioyl)biscarbamic acid. A fungicide effective against a broad spectrum of diseases in fruit, vegetables, turf and other crops including eyespot, scab, powdery mildew and grey mould.	2.21	1	benzimidazole precursor fungicide; carbamate ester; carbamate fungicide; thioureas	antifungal drug
azoxystrobin azoxystrobin: a methoxyacrylate analog; a strobilurin fungicide; structure given in first source. azoxystrobin : An aryloxypyrimidine having a 4,6-diphenoxypyrimidine skeleton in which one of the phenyl rings is cyano-substituted at C-2 and the other carries a 2-methoxy-1-(methoxycarbonyl)vinyl substituent, also at C-2. An inhibitor of mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer between cytochromes b and c1, it is used widely as a fungicide in agriculture.	8.89	11	aryloxypyrimidine; enoate ester; enol ether; methoxyacrylate strobilurin antifungal agent; methyl ester; nitrile	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor; quinone outside inhibitor; xenobiotic
genistein [no description available]	2.13	1	7-hydroxyisoflavones	antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
benzyloxycarbonyl-phe-ala-fluormethylketone cathepsin B inhibitor : A cysteine protease inhibitor which inhibits cathepsin B (EC 3.4.22.1).	2.25	1
5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine 5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine: structure given in first source. 1,1',3,3'-tetraethyl-5,5',6,6'-tetrachloroimidacarbocyanine : The cationic form of a C3 cyanine dye having 1,3-diethyl-5,6-dichloroindoleinine units at each end.	2.07	1	cyanine dye; indolium ion	fluorochrome
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	2.15	1	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
phosphorus Phosphorus: A non-metal element that has the atomic symbol P, atomic number 15, and atomic weight 31. It is an essential element that takes part in a broad variety of biochemical reactions.	2.11	1	monoatomic phosphorus; nonmetal atom; pnictogen	macronutrient
carbocyanines Carbocyanines: Compounds that contain three methine groups. They are frequently used as cationic dyes used for differential staining of biological materials.	2.07	1	cyanine dye; organic iodide salt	fluorochrome
c.i. fluorescent brightening agent 28 4,4'-bis({4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino)stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid : An organosulfonic acid comprising stilbene having 4-anilino-6-[bis(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl}amino groups at the 4 and 4'-positions and sulfo groups at the 2- and 2'-positions.	2.25	1
kresoxim-methyl kresoxim-methyl: strobilurin analogue; an industrial fungicide. kresoxim-methyl : A carboxylic ester that is the methyl ester of (2E)-(methoxyimino){2-[(2-methylphenoxy)methyl]phenyl}acetic acid. A fungicide for the control of scab on apples and pears and other fungal diseases on a wide range of crops.	2.78	3	aromatic ether; methoxyiminoacetate strobilurin antifungal agent; methyl ester; oxime O-ether	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor; xenobiotic
antimycin a Antimycin A: An antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces species. It inhibits mitochondrial respiration and may deplete cellular levels of ATP. Antimycin A1 has been used as a fungicide, insecticide, and miticide. (From Merck Index, 12th ed). antimycin A : A nine-membered bis-lactone having methyl substituents at the 2- and 6-positions, an n-hexyl substituent at the 8-position, an acyloxy substituent at the 7-position and an aroylamido substituent at the 3-position. It is produced by Streptomyces bacteria and has found commercial use as a fish poison.	2.04	1	amidobenzoic acid
pyrachlostrobin pyraclostrobin : A carbamate ester that is the methyl ester of [2-({[1-(4-chlorophenyl)-1H-pyrazol-3-yl]oxy}methyl)phenyl]methoxycarbamic acid. A fungicide used to control major plant pathogens including Septoria tritici, Puccinia spp. and Pyrenophora teres.	3.18	5	aromatic ether; carbamate ester; carbanilate fungicide; methoxycarbanilate strobilurin antifungal agent; monochlorobenzenes; pyrazoles	antifungal agrochemical; environmental contaminant; mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor; xenobiotic
ambruticin ambruticin: cyclopropyl-polyene-pyran acid from Polyangium cellulosum var. fulvum; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	2.46	2
mucidin mucidin: produced by basidiomycete Oudemansiella mucida; strobilurin A produced by wood rot fungus Strobilurus tenacellus;. mucidin : An enoate ester that is the methyl ester of (2E,3Z,5E)-2-(methoxymethylene)-3-methyl-6-phenylhexa-3,5-dienoic acid.	2.04	1	enoate ester; enol ether	antifungal agent; fungal metabolite
thermozymocidin thermozymocidin: a serine palmitoyltransferase inhibitor; FTY720 is an analog	2.03	1	alpha-amino fatty acid; hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; sphingoid	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 2.3.1.50 (serine C-palmitoyltransferase) inhibitor; fungal metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
ambruticin ambruticin S: antifungal from myxobacterium Polyangium cellulosum; structure in first source	2.03	1
phoxim phoxim: structure	7.11	1
fluticasone furoate fluticasone furoate: a glucocorticoid; structure in first source. fluticasone furoate : A trifluorinated corticosteroid that consists of 6alpha,9-difluoro-11beta,17alpha-dihydroxy-17beta-{[(fluoromethyl)sulfanyl]carbonyl}-16-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-diene bearing a 2-furoyl substituent at position 17. Used in combination with vilanterol trifenate for treatment of bronchospasm associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.	2.25	1	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 2-furoate ester; 3-oxo-Delta(1),Delta(4)-steroid; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; steroid ester; thioester	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; prodrug
10,10-bis((2-fluoro-4-pyridinyl)methyl)-9(10h)-anthracenone DMP 543: neurotransmitter release enhancer; structure given in first source	2.25	1	anthracenes
mefenoxam metalaxyl-M : A methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate that is the more active R-enantiomer of metalaxyl. A systemic fungicide, it is active against phytopathogens of the order Peronosporales and is used to conrtrol Pythium in a number of vegetable crops.	2.59	2	acylamino acid fungicide; anilide fungicide; D-alanine derivative; methyl N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl)-N-(methoxyacetyl)alaninate	agrochemical
anacetrapib [no description available]	2.25	1
cyantraniliprole cyantraniliprole: an insecticide; structure in first source. cyantraniliprole : A carboxamide that is chlorantraniliprole in which the chlorine atom attached to the phenyl ring has been replaced by a cyano group. A ryanodine receptor agonist, it is used as insecticide for the control of whitefly, thrips, aphids, fruitflies, and fruit worms in crops such as onions, potatoes and tomatoes. It is highly toxic to honeybees.	7.25	1	nitrile; organobromine compound; organochlorine compound; pyrazole insecticide; pyridines; secondary carboxamide	ryanodine receptor agonist
n-(2-(1,1'-bicyclopropyl)-2-ylphenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1h-pyrazole-4-carboxamide N-(2-(1,1'-bicyclopropyl)-2-ylphenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide: sedaxane is the (trans)-isomer; structure in first source. sedaxane : A diastereoisomeric mixture consisting of the two possible cis-isomers as well as the two possible trans-isomers of sedaxane. Used in seed treatment for the control of pathogens such as Ascomycetes and Oomycetes species in crops such as fruit and wheat.. N-{2-[1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl]phenyl}-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1pyrazole-4-carboxamide : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxylic acid with the amino group of 2-[1,1'-bi(cyclopropyl)-2-yl]aniline.	2.84	3	aromatic amide; cyclopropanes; organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; ring assembly
chlorophyll a Chlorophyll: Porphyrin derivatives containing magnesium that act to convert light energy in photosynthetic organisms.. chlorophyll : A family of magnesium porphyrins, defined by the presence of a fifth ring beyond the four pyrrole-like rings. The rings can have various side chains which usually include a long phytol chain.	2.94	4	chlorophyll; methyl ester	cofactor
lumacaftor lumacaftor: a corrector of CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CTFR); structure in first source. lumacaftor : An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2,2-difluoro-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid with the aromatic amino group of 3-(6-amino-3-methylpyridin-2-yl)benzoic acid. Used for the treatment of cystic fibrosis.	2.25	1	aromatic amide; benzodioxoles; benzoic acids; cyclopropanes; organofluorine compound; pyridines	CFTR potentiator; orphan drug
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	2.17	1	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
cyclin d1 Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.	2.58	2
pheophytin a pheophytin a: structure given in first source; RN given refers to (3S-(3alpha(2E,7S,11S),4beta,21beta))-isomer	2.73	3
imidacloprid imidacloprid: systemic & contact insecticide exhibiting low mammalian toxicity; structure given in first source; it is one of the neonicotinoid insecticides, which acts as an antagonist by binding to postsynaptic nicotinic receptors in the insect central nervous system. imidacloprid : An imidazolidine that is N-nitroimidazolidin-2-imine bearing a (6-chloro-3-pyridinyl)methyl substituent at position 1.	7.11	1	imidacloprid; imidazolidines; monochloropyridine	environmental contaminant; genotoxin; neonicotinoid insectide; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; xenobiotic
clothianidin clothianidin: structure in first source. clothianidin : An N-nitro compound consisting of 2-nitroguanidine having a (2-chloro-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)methyl group at position 1 and a methyl group at position 3.	2.25	1	1,3-thiazoles; 2-nitroguanidine derivative; clothianidin; organochlorine compound	environmental contaminant; neonicotinoid insectide; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; xenobiotic

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Cadaver A dead body, usually a human body.	2.41	1
Fungal Diseases [description not available]	2.77	3
Mycoses Diseases caused by FUNGI.	2.77	3
Glial Cell Tumors [description not available]	2.41	1
Glioma Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)	7.41	1
Liver Steatosis [description not available]	2.31	1
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	2.31	1
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	2.31	1
Fatty Liver Lipid infiltration of the hepatic parenchymal cells resulting in a yellow-colored liver. The abnormal lipid accumulation is usually in the form of TRIGLYCERIDES, either as a single large droplet or multiple small droplets. Fatty liver is caused by an imbalance in the metabolism of FATTY ACIDS.	2.31	1
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	2.31	1
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	2.31	1
C gattii Infection [description not available]	2.08	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.08	1
Cryptococcosis Fungal infection caused by genus CRYPTOCOCCUS.	2.08	1
Breast Cancer [description not available]	7.15	1
Metastase [description not available]	2.15	1
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	2.15	1
Neoplasm Metastasis The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.	2.15	1
Bone Hypertrophy [description not available]	2.15	1
Aspergillus Infection [description not available]	2.07	1
Aspergillosis Infections with fungi of the genus ASPERGILLUS.	2.07	1
Candida Infection [description not available]	2.07	1
Candidiasis Infection with a fungus of the genus CANDIDA. It is usually a superficial infection of the moist areas of the body and is generally caused by CANDIDA ALBICANS. (Dorland, 27th ed)	2.07	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.42	2

fludioxonil

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Synonyms (52)

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Overview

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Occurs in Manufacturing (24 Items)

Roles (3)

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Studies (170)

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Research Demand Index: 54.08

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fludioxonil

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (52)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Treatment

Toxicity

Compound-Compound Interactions

Occurs in Manufacturing (24 Items)

Roles (3)

Drug Classes (4)

Protein Targets (29)

Potency Measurements

Biological Processes (124)

Molecular Functions (34)

Ceullar Components (20)

Bioassays (72)

Research

Studies (170)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 54.08

Study Types

Related Drugs (159)

Related Conditions (24)