An oxo carboxylic acid in which the parent hydrocarbon chain has one or more alkyl substituents. Derivatives formed from the first step in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids and can provide important information on animal health and disease.
ChEBI ID: 191197
| Member | Definition | Role |
|---|---|---|
| 2-keto-4-methylvalerate | A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pentanoic acid (valeric acid) substituted with a keto group at C-2 and a methyl group at C-4. A metabolite that has been found to accumulate in maple syrup urine disease. | 4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid |
| 2-oxo-3-methylvalerate | A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is valeric acid carrying oxo- and methyl substituents at C-2 and C-3, respectively. An alpha-keto acid analogue and metabolite of isoleucine in man, animals and bacteria. Used as a clinical marker for maple syrup urine disease (MSUD). | 3-methyl-2-oxovaleric acid |
| alpha-ketoisovalerate | A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-oxo derivative of isovaleric acid. | 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid |
| Timeframe | Studies, Drugs in This Class (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 302 (36.78) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 255 (31.06) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 151 (18.39) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 99 (12.06) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 14 (1.71) | 2.80 |
| Publication Type | Studies, Drugs in This Class (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 55 (5.48%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 30 (2.99%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 3 (0.30%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 915 (91.23%) | 84.16% |