Compounds > gyrophoric acid
Page last updated: 2024-12-08

gyrophoric acid

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

gyrophoric acid: a tridepside isolated from Parmelia nepalensis [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID135728
CHEMBL ID470648
CHEBI ID144159
SCHEMBL ID3800330
MeSH IDM0331830

Synonyms (41)

Synonym
MLS000563513
smr000387062
AC-20252
benzoic acid, 4-((2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)oxy)-2-hydroxy-6-methyl-, 4-carboxy-3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl ester
baq44a6c6h ,
unii-baq44a6c6h
DIVK1C_006388
KBIO1_001332
NCI60_015819
SPECTRUM5_001823
NSC646006 ,
nsc-646006
gyrophoric acid
4-[4-(2,4-dihydroxy-6-methyl-benzoyl)oxy-2-hydroxy-6-methyl-benzoyl]oxy-2-hydroxy-6-methyl-benzoic acid
KBIOGR_001322
SPECPLUS_000292
SPECTRUM4_000891
SPBIO_000195
SPECTRUM2_000208
CHEMBL470648
CHEBI:144159
548-89-0
4-[4-(2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)oxy-2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl]oxy-2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid
NCGC00247583-01
HMS2271K07
AKOS015965527
CCG-40001
4-(4-(2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)oxy-2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)oxy-2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid
gyrophoricacid
SCHEMBL3800330
DTXSID30203289
Q2244355
4-{[(4-{[(2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylphenyl)carbonyl]oxy}-2-hydroxy-6-methylphenyl)carbonyl]oxy}-2-hydroxy-6-methylbenzoic acid
STL564987
beta-resorcylic acid, 6-methyl-, 4-(6-methyl-beta-resorcylate) 4-(6-methyl-beta-resorcylate); nsc 646006
-resorcylic acid, 6-methyl-, 4-(6-methyl--resorcylate) 4-(6-methyl--resorcylate); nsc 646006
STARBLD0009598
CS-0024568
HY-N3985
B0005-124431
FS-10004

Research Excerpts

Effects

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Gyrophoric acid has been examined in a series of studies as an effective anticancer drug because it impinges on topoisomerase 1 activity, as well as causes cell cycle arrest, comprises cell survival, and promotes apoptosis."( Biological Effects of Gyrophoric Acid and Other Lichen Derived Metabolites, on Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis and Cell Signaling pathways.
Badreldin, A; Bagheri, L; Fatehi, P; Mohammadi, M; Pakzad, L; Suntres, Z; van Wijnen, AJ, 2022)		1.76
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
carbonyl compoundAny compound containing the carbonyl group, C=O. The term is commonly used in the restricted sense of aldehydes and ketones, although it actually includes carboxylic acids and derivatives.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (8)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRAHomo sapiens (human)Potency79.43280.354828.065989.1251AID504847
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursorHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.30963.548119.542744.6684AID743266
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency29.93490.168316.404067.0158AID720504
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency28.18380.425612.059128.1838AID504891
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.66840.100028.9256213.3130AID588591
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.00000.050127.073689.1251AID588590
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency56.23416.309660.2008112.2020AID720709
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
glycogen synthase kinase-3 alphaHomo sapiens (human)AC50300.00000.013529.7434171.7000AID463203
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (20)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
angiogenesisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune responseRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathwayRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
associative learningRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
Rap protein signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of actin cytoskeleton organizationRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
intracellular signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of GTPase activityRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of angiogenesisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of angiogenesisRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein export from nucleusRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of stress fiber assemblyRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of syncytium formation by plasma membrane fusionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
establishment of endothelial barrierRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cAMPRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of insulin secretionRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (4)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activityRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
cAMP bindingRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (8)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
cortical actin cytoskeletonRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
microvillusRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
endomembrane systemRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
membraneRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
lamellipodiumRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
filopodiumRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosomeRap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (42)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2006Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5
Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set2010Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1
High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID377851Inhibition of light-dependent proton uptake in spinach leaves chloroplast2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377864Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport rate of water to silicomolybdate at 200 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377852Inhibition of photophosphorylation in spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of noncyclic electron transport from water to methyl viologen in uncoupled condition2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377865Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport rate of water to silicomolybdate at 250 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377872Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from diphenylcarbazide to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 300 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377858Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from water to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 200 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377861Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport rate of water to silicomolybdate at 50 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377857Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from water to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 50 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377871Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from diphenylcarbazide to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 250 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377869Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from diphenylcarbazide to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 150 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377859Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from water to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 250 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377849Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from water to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 100 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID379832Inhibition of AAPH-induced lipid peroxidation in bovine brain phospholipid liposome1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Lichen metabolites. 1. Inhibitory action against leukotriene B4 biosynthesis by a non-redox mechanism.
AID377863Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport rate of water to silicomolybdate at 150 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID379835Prooxidant activity assessed as hydroxyl radical formation at 75 uM measured as malondialdehyde per mmol of deoxyribose by deoxyribose assay1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Lichen metabolites. 1. Inhibitory action against leukotriene B4 biosynthesis by a non-redox mechanism.
AID377853Phytogrowth-inhibitory activity against Amaranthus hypochondriacus assessed as inhibition of seedling growth2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377868Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from diphenylcarbazide to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 100 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID379834Antioxidant activity assessed as DPPH radical scavenging activity at equimolar amount of compound1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Lichen metabolites. 1. Inhibitory action against leukotriene B4 biosynthesis by a non-redox mechanism.
AID377855Phytogrowth-inhibitory activity against Amaranthus hypochondriacus assessed as inhibition of seedling germination2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377862Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport rate of water to silicomolybdate at 100 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377867Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from diphenylcarbazide to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 50 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377856Phytogrowth-inhibitory activity against Echinochloa crusgalli assessed as inhibition of seedling growth2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID379836Antiproliferative activity against human HaCaT cells1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Lichen metabolites. 2. Antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity of gyrophoric, usnic, and diffractaic acid on human keratinocyte growth.
AID377860Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from water to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 300 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID379833Inhibition of LTB4 biosynthesis in A-23187-stimulated bovine PMNL cells1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Lichen metabolites. 1. Inhibitory action against leukotriene B4 biosynthesis by a non-redox mechanism.
AID377870Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from diphenylcarbazide to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 200 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377866Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport rate of water to silicomolybdate at 300 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377850Inhibition of photosynthetic phosphorylation from water to methyl viologen in spinach leaves chloroplast2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID379837Growth inhibition of human HaCaT cells assessed as lactate dehydrogenase release at 2 uM after 4 hrs by UV method1999Journal of natural products, Jun, Volume: 62, Issue:6
Lichen metabolites. 2. Antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity of gyrophoric, usnic, and diffractaic acid on human keratinocyte growth.
AID377848Effect on uncoupled photosystem 2 of spinach leaves chloroplast assessed as inhibition of electron transport from water to 2,6-dichlorophenol indophenol at 150 uM relative to control2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
AID377854Phytogrowth-inhibitory activity against Echinochloa crusgalli assessed as inhibition of seedling germination2000Journal of natural products, Oct, Volume: 63, Issue:10
Effect of lichen metabolites on thylakoid electron transport and photophosphorylation in isolated spinach chloroplasts.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (20)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's2 (10.00)18.2507
2000's5 (25.00)29.6817
2010's9 (45.00)24.3611
2020's4 (20.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 23.41

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index23.41 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.04 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.81 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index23.28 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (23.41)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews1 (5.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other19 (95.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid: An herbicide with irritant effects on the eye and the gastrointestinal system.. 2,4-D : A chlorophenoxyacetic acid that is phenoxyacetic acid in which the ring hydrogens at postions 2 and 4 are substituted by chlorines.		210chlorophenoxyacetic acid;
dichlorobenzene		agrochemical;
defoliant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
phenoxy herbicide;
synthetic auxin
anthralin
Anthralin: An anthracene derivative that disrupts MITOCHONDRIA function and structure and is used for the treatment of DERMATOSES, especially PSORIASIS. It may cause FOLLICULITIS.. anthralin : An anthracene compound derived by the substitution of -OH groups for hydrogen at C-1 and C-8, and with an oxo group at C-9.		2.420anthracenesantipsoriatic
diuron
Diuron: A pre-emergent herbicide.. diuron : A member of the class of 3-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylureas that is urea in which both of the hydrogens attached to one nitrogen are substituted by methyl groups, and one of the hydrogens attached to the other nitrogen is substituted by a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group.		2103-(3,4-substituted-phenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea;
dichlorobenzene		environmental contaminant;
mitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor;
photosystem-II inhibitor;
urea herbicide;
xenobiotic
emodin
Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.		2.4820trihydroxyanthraquinoneantineoplastic agent;
laxative;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
masoprocol
nordihydroguaretic acid: antioxidant compound found in the creosote bush (Larrea tridentata)		210catechols;
lignan;
tetrol		antioxidant;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite
usnic acid
[no description available]		8.4370benzofurans
orcinol
orcinol: used as reagent for pentoses, lignin, beet sugar, saccharoses, arabinose & diastase; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. orcinol : A 5-alkylresorcinol in which the alkyl group is specified as methyl.		2105-alkylresorcinol;
dihydroxytoluene		Aspergillus metabolite
physcione
physcione: structure. physcion : A dihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone bearing hydroxy substituents at positions 1 and 8, a methoxy group at position 3, and a methyl group at position 6. It has been widely isolated and characterised from both terrestrial and marine sources.		2.4820dihydroxyanthraquinoneanti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antifungal agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite
evernic acid
evernic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0510carbonyl compound
depsidone
depsidone: a dibenzo dioxepin with a lactone formed by one of the oxygens and a carbonyl between the two benzyl rings; some derivatives are found in GARCINIA plants. depsidone : The simplest member of the class of depsidones comprising of a heterotricyclic system that is 11H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxepine substituted by an oxo group at position 11.		2.0210depsidones;
organic heterotricyclic compound
physodic acid
physodic acid: lichen constituent		2.1510carbonyl compound
atranorin
atranorin: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		8.360carbonyl compound
methyl orsellinate
methyl orsellinate: orcinol derivative from the lichen Peltigera leucophlebia (Peltigeraceae); structure in first source		2.4220hydroxybenzoic acidmetabolite
methyl 2,4-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethyl benzoate
atraric acid: structure in first source; from the stem barks of Newbouldia laevis		2.69304-hydroxybenzoate ester
diffractaic acid
difractaic acid: from Lichen, Usnea steineri; active against Gram-positive, multidrug-resistant bacteria; structure in first source		2.420carbonyl compound
lecanoric acid
lecanoric acid: from a strain of Pyricularia (deuteromycetes); RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0510benzoate ester
benzofurans
Benzofurans: Compounds that contain a BENZENE ring fused to a furan ring.		3.4370
arachidonic acid
icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.		210icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;
long-chain fatty acid;
omega-6 fatty acid		Daphnia galeata metabolite;
EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
(+)-usnic acid
[no description available]		2.420usnic acid
Methyl Haematommate
[no description available]		2104-hydroxybenzoate ester
fumarprotocetraric acid
fumarprotocetraric acid: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source		2.0810carbonyl compound
salazinic acid
salazinic acid: lichen metabolite; structure in first source		2.4720
lichexanthone
lichexanthone: a dihydropyranexanthone derived from the natural xanthone; structure in first source. lichexanthone : A member of the class of xanthones that is 9H-xanthen-9-one substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1, a methyl group at position 8 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 6. It has been isolated from the bark of Cupania cinerea.		210aromatic ether;
phenols;
xanthones		plant metabolite
fumarates
Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-)		2.0810butenedioate;
C4-dicarboxylate		human metabolite;
metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
salicylates
Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.		2.7530monohydroxybenzoateplant metabolite
vulpinic acid
vulpinic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure given in first source; vulpinic acid refers to (E)-isomer		2.4820butenolide
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Innate Inflammatory Response
[description not available]		02.0510
Inflammation
A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.		02.0510
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.4620
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		02.4620