cocamidopropyl betaine profile

Cocamidopropyl betaine is a synthetic surfactant derived from coconut oil. It is produced by reacting coconut oil with diethanolamine and chloroacetic acid. Cocamidopropyl betaine is a highly effective cleaning agent and is widely used in personal care products such as shampoos, conditioners, body washes, and facial cleansers. It is also used in some industrial cleaning applications. Cocamidopropyl betaine is known for its mildness and its ability to produce a rich, creamy lather. It is also a good foam stabilizer and helps to prevent hair breakage and damage. Cocamidopropyl betaine is studied extensively for its effects on skin and hair. Researchers are interested in understanding how it interacts with skin and hair, and how it affects the properties of these tissues. Cocamidopropyl betaine is also studied for its potential to be used in drug delivery systems. Its ability to form micelles and its mildness make it a promising candidate for delivering drugs to the skin.'

cocamidopropyl betaine: structure given in first source; Genagen CAB, Tego Betain, Rewoteric AMB 14 usually contain 30% cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

cocamidopropyl betaine : A mixture of carboxamidopropyl betaines derived from fatty acids of varying chain lengths. The principal component is lauramidopropyl betaine. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

lauramidopropyl betaine : An ammonium betaine in which the the ammonium nitrogen is substituted by two methyl groups and a lauramidopropyl group. It is the major (>50%) component of cocamidopropyl betaine. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	20280
CHEMBL ID	1231297
SCHEMBL ID	22684
MeSH ID	M0207065

Synonym
coco amido betaine
n-cocamidopropyl-n,n-dimethylglycine, hydroxide, inner salt
alkateric cab-a
n-(3-cocoamidopropyl)-n,n-dimethyl-n-carboxymethylammonium hydroxide, inner salt
cocoamidopropylbetaine
n-(3-cocoamidopropyl)-n,n-dimethyl-n-carboxymethyl betaine
n-(cocoamidopropyl)-n,n-dimethyl-n-carboxymethyl ammonium, betaine
einecs 263-058-8
CHEMBL1231297
nsc8191
lauroylaminopropyldimethylaminoacetate
1-propanaminium,n-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]-, hydroxide, inner salt
4292-10-8
[3-(lauroylamino)propyl]dimethylaminoacetic acid
nsc-8191
3-lauroylamidopropyl betaine
n-laurylamidopropyl-n,n-dimethylbetaine
amphoteric l
(3-laurylaminopropyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid, inner salt
(3-laurylaminopropyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid, hydroxide, inner salt
61789-40-0
2-[3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl-dimethylazaniumyl]acetate
cocamidopropylbetaine
ec 224-292-6
amphitol 20ab
(carboxymethyl)dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)propylammonium hydroxide
obazoline cab
nsc 8191
n-(dodecylamidopropyl)-n,n-dimethylammonium betaine
dimethyl(lauramidopropyl)betaine
lebon 2000l
lauramidopropyl betaine
1-propanaminium, n-(carboxymethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-, inner salt
softazoline lpb
unii-23d6xvi233
rewoteric amb 12
enagicol l 30b
(3-(lauroylamino)propyl)dimethylaminoacetic acid
1-propanaminium, n-(carboxymethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-, hydroxide, inner salt
n-(carboxymethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-3-((1-oxododecyl)amino)-1-propanam- inium hydroxide, inner salt
glycine, (3-lauramidopropyl)dimethylbetaine
23d6xvi233 ,
lauroylamide propylbetaine
lauroylamidopropylbetaine
tego-betain l 90
einecs 224-292-6
empigen br
anpholex lb 2
monateric lmab
ammonium, (carboxymethyl)(3-lauramidopropyl)dimethyl-, hydroxide, inner salt
mackam lmb
lexaine lm
cocoamphocarboxypropionate
cadg
cocoyl amide propylbetaine
cocamidopropyl dimethyl glycine
unii-5m84px7jn2
mirataine cb
cocoamphodiproprionate
n-(carboxymethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-3-((1-oxococonut)amino)-1-propanam- inium hydroxide, inner salt
86438-79-1
5m84px7jn2 ,
1-propanaminium, n-(carboxymethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-3-((1-oxococonut)amino)-, hydroxide, inner salt
unii-5ocf3o11kx
5ocf3o11kx ,
cocamidopropyl betaine
FT-0670746
lauramidopropyl betaine [inci]
mackam lmb-f
mackam dab
lauramidopropyl.beta.ine
1-propanaminium, n-(carboxymethyl)-n,n-dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]-, inner salt
SCHEMBL22684
(carboxymethyl)dimethyl-3-[(1-oxododecyl)amino]propylammonium hydroxide
W-105096
cocoamidopropyl betaine
DTXSID4041282
cocamidopropyl betaine, 30% in water
n-[3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl]-n,n-dimethylglycinate; cocoamidopropylbetaine
cocamidopropylbetaine-c12
AKOS032949829
{[3-(dodecanoylamino)propyl](dimethyl)ammonio}acetate
Q1090054
FT-0778003
cocooleamidopropylbetaine, ~35 wt. % in h2o
H11036
cocooleamidopropylbetaine
2-((3-dodecanamidopropyl)dimethylammonio)acetate
HY-135057
CS-0109219
86243-76-7

Research Excerpts

Overview

Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a zwitterionic surfactant. It is synthesized using coconut oil and usually supplied in form of an aqueous solution with 25-37% w/w. It has been increasingly used in cosmetics and personal hygiene products.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an amphoteric surfactant. "	( [A CASE OF ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS CAUSED BY DETERGENTS CONTAINING COCAMIDOPROPYL BETAINE IN WHICH AN IMPURITY WAS THE POSSIBLE CAUSATIVE AGENT]. Akiyama, T; Iijima, S; Matsunaga, K; Murayama, K; Sugiyama, M; Takayama, N, 2022)	2.4
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a zwitterionic surfactant that is synthesized using coconut oil and usually supplied in form of an aqueous solution with 25-37% w/w. "	( A new method for determination of cocamidopropyl betaine synthesized from coconut oil through spectral shift of Eriochrome Black T. Andalib, Z; Gholami, A; Golestaneh, M, 2018)	2.2
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a common surfactant widely used in personal care products. "	( Rapid determination of cocamidopropyl betaine impurities in cosmetic products by core-shell hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Wang, PG; Zhou, W, 2016)	2.19
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an amphoteric synthetic detergent that has been increasingly used in cosmetics and personal hygiene products (eg, shampoos, contact lens solutions, toothpaste detergents, makeup removers, bath gels, skin care products, cleansers, liquid soaps, antiseptics, and gynecologic and anal hygiene products) because it induces relatively mild skin irritation. "	( Cocamidopropyl betaine. Amini, S; Jacob, SE, )	3.02
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a surfactant, primarily used in personal cleansing products, that may cause allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). "	( Relevance of positive patch-test reactions to cocamidopropyl betaine and amidoamine. Brey, NL; Fowler, JF, 2004)	2.02
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an amphoteric surfactant commonly used in rinse-off cosmetic products. "	( [Allergic contact dermatitis to cocamidopropyl betaine among Israeli patients with cosmetic allergy]. Ingber, A; Raz, O; Slodownik, D, 2006)	2.06
"Cocamidopropyl betaine is a surfactant coming into wide use in shampoos and other cleansing products. "	( Cocamidopropyl betaine: the significance of positive patch test results in twelve patients. Fowler, JF, 1993)	3.17
"Cocamidopropyl betaine is an amphoteric surfactant used increasingly in cosmetic products. "	( Contact allergy to cocamidopropyl betaine. de Groot, AC; van der Walle, HB; Weyland, JW, 1995)	2.06
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is an amphoteric surfactant commonly used in personal care products and surface cleaners. "	( Allergy to cocamidopropyl betaine may be due to amidoamine: a patch test and product use test study. Fowler, JF; Fowler, LM; Hunter, JE, 1997)	2.13
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) is a surfactant, and reports of allergic contact dermatitis to this chemical have been reported in the literature. "	( Cocamidopropyl betaine allergy. Mowad, CM, 2001)	3.2

Effects

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB) has been identified as a cause of contact allergy in personal care products. "	( Provocative use tests in CAPB-allergic subjects with CAPB-containing product. Basketter, DA; Diepgen, TL; Fartasch, M; Kuhn, M, 1999)	1.75

Toxicity

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Adverse events were limited to itching or stinging."	( Safety and efficacy of a non-pesticide-based head lice treatment: results of a randomised comparative trial in children. Barnes, TM; Greive, KA; Lui, AH; Oppenheim, VM, 2012)	0.38
"The non-pesticide-based shampoo is significantly more effective in eliminating head lice than malathion foam in children, while being associated with a low incidence of mild, transient adverse events."	( Safety and efficacy of a non-pesticide-based head lice treatment: results of a randomised comparative trial in children. Barnes, TM; Greive, KA; Lui, AH; Oppenheim, VM, 2012)	0.38
" The CIR Expert Panel concluded that because these ingredients present no other significant toxicity, when formulated to be nonsensitizing (which may be based on a quantitative risk assessment), these ingredients are safe for use as cosmetic ingredients in the practices of use and concentration of this safety assessment."	( Final report of the Cosmetic Ingredient Review Expert Panel on the safety assessment of cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB). Andersen, FA; Belsito, DV; Bergfeld, WF; Burnett, CL; Hill, RA; Klaassen, CD; Liebler, D; Marks, JG; Shank, RC; Slaga, TJ; Snyder, PW, )	0.35

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Item	Process	Frequency
en:open-beauty-facts	core-ingredient	49
Open Beauty Facts	core-ingredient	48
Non food products	core-ingredient	40
Non-Food-Produkte	core-ingredient	4
Toothpaste	core-ingredient	3
Non alimentaire	core-ingredient	3
Plant-based foods	core-ingredient	2
Plant-based foods and beverages	core-ingredient	2
Body wash	core-ingredient	1
Natural Dishwashing Liquid	core-ingredient	1
Soap and Cleaning Products	core-ingredient	1
Plant-based-dish-soap	core-ingredient	1
Natural-household-cleaners	core-ingredient	1
Liquid-dish-soap	core-ingredient	1
psntene shampoo	core-ingredient	1
Oral Health	core-ingredient	1
Dave wash	core-ingredient	1
Powdered cappucino	core-ingredient	1
Instant coffees	core-ingredient	1
Instant beverages	core-ingredient	1
Coffees	core-ingredient	1
Hot beverages	core-ingredient	1
Beverages	core-ingredient	1
savon	core-ingredient	1
es:Gel de baño	core-ingredient	1
fr:Soins visage	core-ingredient	1
fr:Mousse nettoyante visage	core-ingredient	1
Fats	core-ingredient	1
Cosmétiques	core-ingredient	1
en:Non food products	core-ingredient	1
Health-care	core-ingredient	1
Vegetable fats	core-ingredient	1
fr:Gel douche	core-ingredient	1
naturel	core-ingredient	1
jabón intimo con ácido láctico	core-ingredient	1
en:toothpaste	core-ingredient	1
Facial wash	core-ingredient	1
Open Products Facts	core-ingredient	1
es:shampoo	core-ingredient	1
Compléments alimentaires	core-ingredient	1
Shower gel	core-ingredient	1
Shampoo	core-ingredient	1

Role	Description
surfactant	A substance which lowers the surface tension of the medium in which it is dissolved, and/or the interfacial tension with other phases, and, accordingly, is positively adsorbed at the liquid/vapour and/or at other interfaces.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
ammonium betaine	Any neutral molecule having charge-separated forms with a quaternary ammonium atom which bears no hydrogen atoms and that is not adjacent to the anionic atom.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	19 (28.36)	18.2507
2000's	17 (25.37)	29.6817
2010's	21 (31.34)	24.3611
2020's	10 (14.93)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	8 (9.64%)	5.53%
Reviews	5 (6.02%)	6.00%
Case Studies	17 (20.48%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	53 (63.86%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.	3.45	1	1	benzoic acids	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.	10.71	66	8	amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative	fundamental metabolite
chloroacetic acid chloroacetic acid: urinary metabolite of vinyl chloride; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. chloroacetic acid : A chlorocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid carrying a 2-chloro substituent.	1.99	1	0	chlorocarboxylic acid; haloacetic acid	alkylating agent; herbicide
citric acid, anhydrous Citric Acid: A key intermediate in metabolism. It is an acid compound found in citrus fruits. The salts of citric acid (citrates) can be used as anticoagulants due to their calcium chelating ability.. citric acid : A tricarboxylic acid that is propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It is an important metabolite in the pathway of all aerobic organisms.	2.21	1	0	tricarboxylic acid	antimicrobial agent; chelator; food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite
gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.	2.1	1	0	trihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
2-nitropropane 2-nitropropane: RN given refers to cpd with locant for nitro moiety in 2 position. 2-nitropropane : A secondary nitroalkane that is propane in which a hydrogen at position 2 has been replaced by a nitro group. Mainly used as a solvent (b.p. 120degreeC).	2.41	1	0	secondary nitroalkane	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; polar aprotic solvent; xenobiotic
formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy	2.02	1	0	aldehyde; one-carbon compound	allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
nickel Nickel: A trace element with the atomic symbol Ni, atomic number 28, and atomic weight 58.69. It is a cofactor of the enzyme UREASE.. nickel ion : A nickel atom having a net electric charge.. nickel atom : Chemical element (nickel group element atom) with atomic number 28.	2.48	2	0	metal allergen; nickel group element atom	epitope; micronutrient
sarcosine cocobetaine: N-alkyl-betaine; cause of shampoo dermatitis	3.46	1	1	N-alkylglycine zwitterion; N-alkylglycine; N-methyl-amino acid; N-methylglycines	Escherichia coli metabolite; glycine receptor agonist; glycine transporter 1 inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
urea pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives.	2.41	1	0	isourea; monocarboxylic acid amide; one-carbon compound	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; fertilizer; flour treatment agent; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cetylpyridinium Cetylpyridinium: Cationic bactericidal surfactant used as a topical antiseptic for skin, wounds, mucous membranes, instruments, etc.; and also as a component in mouthwash and lozenges.	3.45	1	1	pyridinium ion
eucalyptol [no description available]	3.46	1	1
malathion Malathion: A wide spectrum aliphatic organophosphate insecticide widely used for both domestic and commercial agricultural purposes.. malathion : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R) and (S)-malathion. It is a broad spectrum organophosphate proinsecticide used to control a wide range of pests including Coleoptera, Diptera, fruit flies, mosquitos and spider mites.. diethyl 2-[(dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio]succinate : A diester that is diethyl succinate in which position 2 is substituted by a (dimethoxyphosphorothioyl)thio group.	3.46	1	1	diester; ethyl ester; organic thiophosphate
methenamine Methenamine: An anti-infective agent most commonly used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Its anti-infective action derives from the slow release of formaldehyde by hydrolysis at acidic pH. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p173). hexamethylenetetramine : A polycyclic cage that is adamantane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 3, 5 and 7 are replaced by nitrogen atoms.	2.49	2	0	polyazaalkane; polycyclic cage; tetramine	antibacterial drug
sodium fluoride [no description available]	2.21	1	0	fluoride salt	mutagen
triclosan [no description available]	3.45	1	1	aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; monochlorobenzenes; phenols	antibacterial agent; antimalarial; drug allergen; EC 1.3.1.9 [enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase (NADH)] inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; fungicide; persistent organic pollutant; xenobiotic
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	2.31	1	0
propane Propane: A three carbon alkane with the formula H3CCH2CH3.	2.41	1	0	alkane; gas molecular entity	food propellant
propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)	2.03	1	0	benzoate ester; paraben; phenols	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent
4-phenylenediamine 4-phenylenediamine: agent hair dye responsible for contact dermatitis; RN given refers to parent cpd. 1,4-phenylenediamine : A phenylenediamine in which the amino functions are at positions 1 and 4 of the benzene nucleus.	2.08	1	0	phenylenediamine	allergen; dye; hapten; reagent
cyclohexanol Cyclohexanols: Monohydroxy derivatives of cyclohexanes that contain the general formula R-C6H11O. They have a camphorlike odor and are used in making soaps, insecticides, germicides, dry cleaning, and plasticizers.. cyclohexanols : An alcohol in which one or more hydroxy groups are attached to a cyclohexane skeleton.	3.46	1	1	cyclohexanols; secondary alcohol	solvent
3-dimethylaminopropylamine 3-dimethylaminopropylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure	10.01	9	1
dodecyl sulfate dodecyl sulfate: RN given refers to parent cpd; see also SODIUM DODECYL SULFATE	2.31	1	0	alkyl sulfate
ascaridole ascaridole: monoterpene endoperoxide with anthelmintic properties; structure given in first source. ascaridole : A p-menthane monoterpenoid that is p-menth-2-ene with a peroxy group across position 1 to 4.	2.06	1	0	organic heterobicyclic compound; organic peroxide; p-menthane monoterpenoid	antileishmanial agent; antinematodal drug; plant metabolite
lauryl gallate [no description available]	2.1	1	0	gallate ester
limonene Limonene: A naturally-occurring class of MONOTERPENES which occur as a clear colorless liquid at room temperature. Limonene is the major component in the oil of oranges which has many uses, including as flavor and fragrance. It is recognized as safe in food by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).. limonene : A monoterpene that is cyclohex-1-ene substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a prop-1-en-2-yl group at position 4 respectively.	2.03	1	0	cycloalkene; p-menthadiene	human metabolite
olaflur Olaflur: cariostatic agent	2.11	1	0
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	3.12	1	0	copper group element atom; elemental gold
potassium dichromate Potassium Dichromate: Chromic acid (H2Cr2O7), dipotassium salt. A compound having bright orange-red crystals and used in dyeing, staining, tanning leather, as bleach, oxidizer, depolarizer for dry cells, etc. Medically it has been used externally as an astringent, antiseptic, and caustic. When taken internally, it is a corrosive poison.. potassium dichromate : A potassium salt that is the dipotassium salt of dichromic acid.	2.08	1	0	potassium salt	allergen; oxidising agent; sensitiser
nickel sulfate nickel sulfate: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Ni(2+)-H2SO4. nickel sulfate : A metal sulfate having nickel(2+) as the metal ion.	2.08	1	0	metal sulfate	allergen
fluorides [no description available]	2.54	2	0	halide anion; monoatomic fluorine
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	1.99	1	0	benzenes; phenyl acetates
1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane: biocide used in glue implicated in contact dermatitis; euxyl K 400 is a 2-phenoxyethanol mixture. 2-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)pentanedinitrile : An organobromine compound that consists of pentanedinitrile bearing bromo and bromomethyl substituents at position 2.	2.46	2	0	aliphatic nitrile; organobromine compound	allergen; sensitiser
diazolidinylurea diazolidinylurea: structure given in first source	2.41	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
cobalt Cobalt: A trace element that is a component of vitamin B12. It has the atomic symbol Co, atomic number 27, and atomic weight 58.93. It is used in nuclear weapons, alloys, and pigments. Deficiency in animals leads to anemia; its excess in humans can lead to erythrocytosis.. cobalt(1+) : A monovalent inorganic cation obtained from cobalt.. cobalt atom : A cobalt group element atom that has atomic number 27.	2.06	1	0	cobalt group element atom; metal allergen	micronutrient
listerine Listerine: hydroalcohol solution containing thymol, menthol, eucalyptol, methyl salicylate & alcohol	3.45	1	1
dimethylarsinopenicillamine dimethylarsinopenicillamine: structure given in first source; RN given refers to 76As-labeled cpd	2.6	1	0
myristamidopropyl dimethylamine myristamidopropyl dimethylamine: antimicrobial solution	2.07	1	0
citral citral: Xref geranial: geraniol is also available; Xref neral: nerol is also available; vitamin A antagonist; oxygenated monoterpene; inhibits cytosolic dehydrogenases; structure. citral : An enal that consists of octa-2,6-dienal bearing methyl substituents at positions 3 and 7. A mixture of the two geometric isomers geranial and neral, it is the major constituent (75-85%) of oil of lemon grass, the volatile oil of Cymbopogon citratus, or of C. flexuosus. It also occurs in oils of verbena, lemon, and orange.	2.06	1	0	enal; monoterpenoid; polyprenal	plant metabolite; volatile oil component
isoeugenol trans-isoeugenol : The trans-stereoisomer of isoeugenol.	2.06	1	0	isoeugenol	plant metabolite
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	6.06	10	3	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
mtt formazan MTT formazan: a blue MEM-insoluble mitochondrial byproduct; used to determine viability of cells with active mitochondrial dehydrogenase enzymes	2.11	1	0
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	3.45	1	1	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
selenium Selenium: An element with the atomic symbol Se, atomic number 34, and atomic weight 78.97. It is an essential micronutrient for mammals and other animals but is toxic in large amounts. Selenium protects intracellular structures against oxidative damage. It is an essential component of GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE.	7.41	1	0	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	micronutrient
quaternium-15 quaternium-15 : A quaternary ammonium salt derived from hexamethylenetetramine; used as a preservative in many cosmetics and industrial substances. Also acts as a disinfectant and allergenic agent.	2.08	1	0
n-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)oleamide N-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)oleamide: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.44	2	0
beta-escin [no description available]	2.31	1	0
shellac shellac: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.1	1	0
chlorhexidine Chlorhexidine: A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque.. chlorhexidine : A bisbiguanide compound with a structure consisting of two (p-chlorophenyl)guanide units linked by a hexamethylene bridge.	3.89	2	1	biguanides; monochlorobenzenes	antibacterial agent; antiinfective agent
formazans Formazans: Colored azo compounds formed by the reduction of tetrazolium salts. Employing this reaction, oxidoreductase activity can be determined quantitatively in tissue sections by allowing the enzymes to act on their specific substrates in the presence of tetrazolium salts.	2.11	1	0
thimerosal Thimerosal: An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.. thimerosal : An alkylmercury compound (approximately 49% mercury by weight) used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent.	3.88	3	0	alkylmercury compound	antifungal drug; antiseptic drug; disinfectant; drug allergen
mannans [no description available]	2.31	1	0
salicylates Salicylates: The salts or esters of salicylic acids, or salicylate esters of an organic acid. Some of these have analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis.. hydroxybenzoate : Any benzoate derivative carrying a single carboxylate group and at least one hydroxy substituent.. salicylates : Any salt or ester arising from reaction of the carboxy group of salicylic acid, or any ester resulting from the condensation of the phenolic hydroxy group of salicylic acid with an organic acid.. salicylate : A monohydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of salicylic acid.	3.45	1	1	monohydroxybenzoate	plant metabolite
dodecyl polyoxyethylene sulfuric acid, sodium salt sodium laureth sulfate: do not confuse with sodium lauryl sulfate, which is also known by this name	2.58	2	0
eriochrome black t [no description available]	7.17	1	0

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Tooth Erosion Progressive loss of the hard substance of a tooth by chemical processes that do not involve bacterial action. (Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p296)	2.21	1	0
Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	9	38	3
Cheilitis Inflammation of the lips. It is of various etiologies and degrees of pathology.	7.45	2	0
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.	9	38	3
Diseases, Occupational [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Dermatitis Any inflammation of the skin.	2.6	1	0
Eczema, Atopic [description not available]	2.55	2	0
Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.	2.55	2	0
Caries, Dental [description not available]	2.17	1	0
Dental Caries Localized destruction of the tooth surface initiated by decalcification of the enamel followed by enzymatic lysis of organic structures and leading to cavity formation. If left unchecked, the cavity may penetrate the enamel and dentin and reach the pulp.	2.17	1	0
Chronic Illness [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Allergic Conjunctivitis [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Blepharitis Inflammation of the eyelids.	2.1	1	0
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	2.1	1	0
Conjunctivitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various allergens.	2.1	1	0
Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available]	2.1	1	0
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Cancer of Mouth [description not available]	2.11	1	0
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.11	1	0
Mouth Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the MOUTH.	2.11	1	0
Halitosis An offensive, foul breath odor resulting from a variety of causes such as poor oral hygiene, dental or oral infections, or the ingestion of certain foods.	3.45	1	1
Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available]	3.36	2	0
Dermatitis, Occupational A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances found in the work place.	3.1	5	0
Hand Dermatosis [description not available]	2.42	2	0
Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed).	3.36	2	0
Hand Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the HANDS.	2.42	2	0
Pediculosis [description not available]	3.46	1	1
Scalp Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the SCALP.	3.46	1	1
Lice Infestations Parasitic attack or subsistence on the skin by members of the order Phthiraptera, especially on humans by Pediculus humanus of the family Pediculidae. The hair of the head, eyelashes, and pubis is a frequent site of infestation. (From Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed)	3.46	1	1
Lupus Erythematosus, Chronic Cutaneous [description not available]	2.08	1	0
Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid A chronic form of cutaneous lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, CUTANEOUS) in which the skin lesions mimic those of the systemic form but in which systemic signs are rare. It is characterized by the presence of discoid skin plaques showing varying degrees of edema, erythema, scaliness, follicular plugging, and skin atrophy. Lesions are surrounded by an elevated erythematous border. The condition typically involves the face and scalp, but widespread dissemination may occur.	2.08	1	0
Eyelid Diseases Diseases involving the EYELIDS.	2.02	1	0
Facial Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the FACE.	2.41	2	0
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	9.47	5	1
Allergy, Drug [description not available]	2.03	1	0
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	4.47	5	1
Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.	2.03	1	0
Dermatitis, Irritant A non-allergic contact dermatitis caused by prolonged exposure to irritants and not explained by delayed hypersensitivity mechanisms.	3.37	1	1
Erythema Redness of the skin produced by congestion of the capillaries. This condition may result from a variety of disease processes.	4.34	2	2
Recrudescence [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Aphthae [description not available]	3.37	1	1
Stomatitis, Aphthous A recurrent disease of the oral mucosa of unknown etiology. It is characterized by small white ulcerative lesions, single or multiple, round or oval. Two to eight crops of lesions occur per year, lasting for 7 to 14 days and then heal without scarring. (From Jablonski's Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p742)	3.37	1	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	3.38	1	1

cocamidopropyl betaine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (91)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Toxicity

Occurs in Manufacturing (42 Items)

Roles (1)

Drug Classes (1)

Research

Studies (67)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 105.35

Study Types

cocamidopropyl betaine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (91)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Toxicity

Occurs in Manufacturing (42 Items)

Roles (1)

Drug Classes (1)

Research

Studies (67)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 105.35

Study Types

Related Drugs (55)

Related Conditions (43)