| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
benzoic acid
Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids | algal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite |
hippuric acid
hippuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4591. N-benzoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as benzoyl. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | human blood serum metabolite;
uremic toxin |
phenol
[no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | phenols | antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
urea
pseudourea: clinical use; structure. isourea : A carboximidic acid that is the imidic acid tautomer of urea, H2NC(=NH)OH, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | isourea;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
one-carbon compound | Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fertilizer;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
acetazolamide
Acetazolamide: One of the CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS that is sometimes effective against absence seizures. It is sometimes useful also as an adjunct in the treatment of tonic-clonic, myoclonic, and atonic seizures, particularly in women whose seizures occur or are exacerbated at specific times in the menstrual cycle. However, its usefulness is transient often because of rapid development of tolerance. Its antiepileptic effect may be due to its inhibitory effect on brain carbonic anhydrase, which leads to an increased transneuronal chloride gradient, increased chloride current, and increased inhibition. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1991, p337) | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid amide;
sulfonamide;
thiadiazoles | anticonvulsant;
diuretic;
EC 4.2.1.1 (carbonic anhydrase) inhibitor |
cimetidine
Cimetidine: A histamine congener, it competitively inhibits HISTAMINE binding to HISTAMINE H2 RECEPTORS. Cimetidine has a range of pharmacological actions. It inhibits GASTRIC ACID secretion, as well as PEPSIN and GASTRIN output.. cimetidine : A member of the class of guanidines that consists of guanidine carrying a methyl substituent at position 1, a cyano group at position 2 and a 2-{[(5-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)methyl]sulfanyl}ethyl group at position 3. It is a H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits the production of acid in stomach. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | aliphatic sulfide;
guanidines;
imidazoles;
nitrile | adjuvant;
analgesic;
anti-ulcer drug;
H2-receptor antagonist;
P450 inhibitor |
guanidine
Guanidine: A strong organic base existing primarily as guanidium ions at physiological pH. It is found in the urine as a normal product of protein metabolism. It is also used in laboratory research as a protein denaturant. (From Martindale, the Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed and Merck Index, 12th ed) It is also used in the treatment of myasthenia and as a fluorescent probe in HPLC.. guanidine : An aminocarboxamidine, the parent compound of the guanidines. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | carboxamidine;
guanidines;
one-carbon compound | |
indomethacin
Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ether;
indole-3-acetic acids;
monochlorobenzenes;
N-acylindole | analgesic;
drug metabolite;
EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic metabolite;
xenobiotic |
sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide | antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic |
triamterene
Triamterene: A pteridinetriamine compound that inhibits SODIUM reabsorption through SODIUM CHANNELS in renal EPITHELIAL CELLS.. triamterene : Pteridine substituted at positions 2, 4 and 7 with amino groups and at position 6 with a phenyl group. A sodium channel blocker, it is used as a diuretic in the treatment of hypertension and oedema. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | pteridines | diuretic;
sodium channel blocker |
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical |
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 8.05 | 5 | 0 | arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical |
2-naphthylamine
2-Naphthylamine: A naphthalene derivative with carcinogenic action.. 2-naphthylamine : A naphthylamine carrying the amino group at position 2. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | naphthylamine | carcinogenic agent |
benzoyltyrosine ethyl ester
ethyl N-benzoyl-L-tyrosinate : An L-tyrosine derivative that is the ethyl ester of N-benzoyltyrosine. | 1.95 | 1 | 0 | benzamides;
ethyl ester;
L-tyrosine derivative;
phenols | chromogenic compound |
benzoylphenylalanine
N-benzoyl-L-phenylalanine : An N-acyl-L-phenylalanine that is L-phenylalanine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a benzoyl group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 2-(benzoylamino)-3-phenylpropanoic acid;
N-acyl-L-phenylalanine | |
carbobenzoxyphenylalanine, (dl-phe)-isomer
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
leucine-beta-naphthylamide
leucine-beta-naphthylamide: aminopeptidase substrate. L-leucine 2-naphthylamide : An L-leucine derivative that is the amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-leucine with the amino group of 2-naphthylamine. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide;
L-leucine derivative;
N-(2-naphthyl)carboxamide | chromogenic compound |
benzoylarginine ethyl ester
benzoylarginine ethyl ester: used as substrate for trypsin; RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | | |
benzoyl l-arginine methyl ester
benzoyl L-arginine methyl ester: RN given refers to (L-Arg)-isomer | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | | |
n-benzoyltyrosine
N-benzoyltyrosine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. N-benzoyl-L-tyrosine : An N-acyl-L-tyrosine that is L-tyrosine in which one of the hydrogens of the amino group has been replaced by a benzoyl group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | benzamides;
N-acyl-L-tyrosine | |
glycylphenylalanine 2-naphthylamide
glycylphenylalanine 2-naphthylamide: cathepsin C substrate; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. glycyl-L-phenylalanine 2-naphthylamide : An N-(2-naphthyl)carboxamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of glycyl-L-phenylalanine with the amino group of 2-naphthylamine. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide;
N-(2-naphthyl)carboxamide | chromogenic compound |
naproxen
Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | methoxynaphthalene;
monocarboxylic acid | antipyretic;
cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
drug allergen;
environmental contaminant;
gout suppressant;
non-narcotic analgesic;
non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug;
xenobiotic |
4-guanidinobenzoate
4-guanidinobenzoate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 4-guanidinobenzoic acid : Benzoic acid substituted at the para position by a guanidino group. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids;
guanidines | |
n(alpha)-benzoylarginineamide
N(alpha)-benzoylarginineamide: RN given refers to parent cpd(S)-isomer | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | | |