| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
aminolevulinic acid
Aminolevulinic Acid: A compound produced from succinyl-CoA and GLYCINE as an intermediate in heme synthesis. It is used as a PHOTOCHEMOTHERAPY for actinic KERATOSIS.. 5-aminolevulinic acid : The simplest delta-amino acid in which the hydrogens at the gamma position are replaced by an oxo group. It is metabolised to protoporphyrin IX, a photoactive compound which accumulates in the skin. Used (in the form of the hydrochloride salt)in combination with blue light illumination for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratosis of the face or scalp. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 4-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
delta-amino acid | antineoplastic agent;
dermatologic drug;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
photosensitizing agent;
plant metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
benzaldehyde
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | benzaldehydes | EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
fragrance;
odorant receptor agonist;
plant metabolite |
hippuric acid
hippuric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4591. N-benzoylglycine : An N-acylglycine in which the acyl group is specified as benzoyl. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acylglycine | human blood serum metabolite;
uremic toxin |
alanylalanine
alanylalanine: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer | 2.39 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | |
alanine
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion | fundamental metabolite |
glycine
[no description available] | 3.38 | 7 | 0 | alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical |
pipecolic acid
pipecolic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. pipecolic acid : A piperidinemonocarboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is located at position C-2.. pipecolate : A piperidinecarboxylate that is the conjugate base of pipecolic acid. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | piperidinemonocarboxylic acid | |
taurine
[no description available] | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid;
zwitterion | antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient;
radical scavenger;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | aminonaphthalene;
naphthalenesulfonic acid | fluorescent probe |
n-acetylphenylalanine
N-acetylphenylalanine: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer. N-acetylphenylalanine : The N-acetyl derivative of phenylalanine. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-amino acid;
phenylalanine derivative | antidepressant;
metabolite |
caffeine
[no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | purine alkaloid;
trimethylxanthine | adenosine A2A receptor antagonist;
adenosine receptor antagonist;
adjuvant;
central nervous system stimulant;
diuretic;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.4.* (phosphoric diester hydrolase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
food additive;
fungal metabolite;
geroprotector;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
mutagen;
plant metabolite;
psychotropic drug;
ryanodine receptor agonist;
xenobiotic |
cetyltrimethylammonium ion
Cetrimonium: Cetyltrimethylammonium compound whose salts and derivatives are used primarily as topical antiseptics.. cetyltrimethylammonium ion : A quaternary ammonium ion in which the substituents on nitrogen are one hexadecyl and three methyl groups. | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | quaternary ammonium ion | |
chlorpheniramine
Chlorpheniramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used in allergic reactions, hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. It has also been used in veterinary applications. One of the most widely used of the classical antihistaminics, it generally causes less drowsiness and sedation than PROMETHAZINE.. chlorphenamine : A tertiary amino compound that is propylamine which is substituted at position 3 by a pyridin-2-yl group and a p-chlorophenyl group and in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by methyl groups. A histamine H1 antagonist, it is used to relieve the symptoms of hay fever, rhinitis, urticaria, and asthma. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | monochlorobenzenes;
pyridines;
tertiary amino compound | anti-allergic agent;
antidepressant;
antipruritic drug;
H1-receptor antagonist;
histamine antagonist;
serotonin uptake inhibitor |
ciprofloxacin
Ciprofloxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial carboxyfluoroquinoline.. ciprofloxacin : A quinolone that is quinolin-4(1H)-one bearing cyclopropyl, carboxylic acid, fluoro and piperazin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 6 and 7, respectively. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aminoquinoline;
cyclopropanes;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone;
zwitterion | antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor;
xenobiotic |
erythrosine
Fluoresceins: A family of spiro(isobenzofuran-1(3H),9'-(9H)xanthen)-3-one derivatives. These are used as dyes, as indicators for various metals, and as fluorescent labels in immunoassays. | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
fleroxacin
Fleroxacin: A broad-spectrum antimicrobial fluoroquinolone. The drug strongly inhibits the DNA-supercoiling activity of DNA GYRASE.. fleroxacin : A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydroquinoline which is substituted at positions 1, 3, 6, 7 and 8 by 2-fluoroethyl, carboxy, fluoro, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl and fluoro groups, respectively. It is active against many Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | difluorobenzene;
fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
monocarboxylic acid;
N-alkylpiperazine;
quinolines | antibacterial drug;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
topoisomerase IV inhibitor |
gaboxadol
gaboxadol: GABA agonist; inhibitor of GABA uptake systems; structure | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | oxazole | |
ofloxacin
Ofloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION.. 9-fluoro-3-methyl-10-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-7-oxo-2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinoline-6-carboxylic acid : An oxazinoquinoline that is 2,3-dihydro-7H-[1,4]oxazino[2,3,4-ij]quinolin-7-one substituted by methyl, carboxy, fluoro, and 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl groups at positions 3, 6, 9, and 10, respectively.. ofloxacin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of levofloxacin and dextrofloxacin. It is a synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent which inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
N-arylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
oxazinoquinoline | |
propantheline
Propantheline: A muscarinic antagonist used as an antispasmodic, in rhinitis, in urinary incontinence, and in the treatment of ulcers. At high doses it has nicotinic effects resulting in neuromuscular blocking. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | xanthenes | |
theobromine
Theobromine: 3,7-Dimethylxanthine. The principle alkaloid in Theobroma cacao (the cacao bean) and other plants. A xanthine alkaloid that is used as a bronchodilator and as a vasodilator. It has a weaker diuretic activity than THEOPHYLLINE and is also a less powerful stimulant of smooth muscle. It has practically no stimulant effect on the central nervous system. It was formerly used as a diuretic and in the treatment of angina pectoris and hypertension. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, pp1318-9). theobromine : A dimethylxanthine having the two methyl groups located at positions 3 and 7. A purine alkaloid derived from the cacao plant, it is found in chocolate, as well as in a number of other foods, and is a vasodilator, diuretic and heart stimulator. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | dimethylxanthine | adenosine receptor antagonist;
bronchodilator agent;
food component;
human blood serum metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasodilator agent |
cysteine
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | cysteine zwitterion;
cysteine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid | EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flour treatment agent;
human metabolite |
serine
Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine | algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
aspartic acid
Aspartic Acid: One of the non-essential amino acids commonly occurring in the L-form. It is found in animals and plants, especially in sugar cane and sugar beets. It may be a neurotransmitter.. aspartic acid : An alpha-amino acid that consists of succinic acid bearing a single alpha-amino substituent. L-aspartic acid : The L-enantiomer of aspartic acid. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid;
aspartic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter |
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
lysine
Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 2.67 | 3 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
lysine;
organic molecular entity;
proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite;
anticonvulsant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid | anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector |
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical |
leucine
Leucine: An essential branched-chain amino acid important for hemoglobin formation.. leucine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isobutyl group. | 2.66 | 3 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
leucine;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid | algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical |
phenylalanine
Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group. | 8.99 | 14 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
phenylalanine;
proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
ornithine
Ornithine: An amino acid produced in the urea cycle by the splitting off of urea from arginine.. ornithine : An alpha-amino acid that is pentanoic acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 5. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
ornithine | algal metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
mouse metabolite |
asparagine
Asparagine: A non-essential amino acid that is involved in the metabolic control of cell functions in nerve and brain tissue. It is biosynthesized from ASPARTIC ACID and AMMONIA by asparagine synthetase. (From Concise Encyclopedia Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 3rd ed). asparagine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 2-amino-2-oxoethyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
asparagine;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
histidine
Histidine: An essential amino acid that is required for the production of HISTAMINE.. L-histidine : The L-enantiomer of the amino acid histidine.. histidine : An alpha-amino acid that is propanoic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a 1H-imidazol-4-yl group at position 3. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
histidine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
valine
Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
pyruvate family amino acid;
valine | algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
threonine
Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
threonine | algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3. | 2.96 | 4 | 0 | erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan | antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
arginine
Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | arginine;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid | biomarker;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical |
acetyl sulfisoxazole
[no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzenes;
sulfonamide | |
2-naphthol
2-naphthol: RN given refers to parent cpd. 2-naphthol : A naphthol carrying a hydroxy group at position 2.. naphthols : Any hydroxynaphthalene derivative that has a single hydroxy substituent. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | naphthol | antinematodal drug;
genotoxin;
human urinary metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
radical scavenger |
isoxazoles
Isoxazoles: Azoles with an OXYGEN and a NITROGEN next to each other at the 1,2 positions, in contrast to OXAZOLES that have nitrogens at the 1,3 positions.. isoxazole : A monocyclic heteroarene with a structure consisting of a 5-membered ring containing three carbon atoms and an oxygen and nitrogen atom adjacent to each other. It is the parent of the class of isoxazoles.. isoxazoles : Oxazoles in which the N and O atoms are adjacent. | 2.07 | 1 | 0 | isoxazoles;
mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent;
monocyclic heteroarene | |
citrulline
citrulline : The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
citrulline | Daphnia magna metabolite;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
protective agent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
ninhydrin
Ninhydrin: 2,2-Dihydroxy-1H-indene-1,3-(2H)-dione. Reagent toxic to skin and mucus membranes. It is used in chemical assay for peptide bonds, i.e., protein determinations and has radiosensitizing properties.. ninhydrin : A member of the class of indanones that is indane-1,3-dione bearing two additional hydroxy substituents at position 2. | 2.5 | 2 | 0 | aromatic ketone;
beta-diketone;
indanones;
ketone hydrate | colour indicator;
human metabolite |
glycyl-glycyl-glycine
glycyl-glycyl-glycine : A tripeptide in which three glycine units are linked via peptide bonds in a linear sequence. | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | tripeptide zwitterion;
tripeptide | |
glycylglycine
[no description available] | 3.25 | 6 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | human metabolite |
naphthyl acetate
naphthyl acetate: do not confuse with naphthaleneacetic acid; acetic acid ester of naphthol | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | | |
fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate
Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques. | 2 | 1 | 0 | fluorescein isothiocyanate | |
denatonium benzoate
[no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | | |
norleucine
Norleucine: An unnatural amino acid that is used experimentally to study protein structure and function. It is structurally similar to METHIONINE, however it does not contain SULFUR.. L-norleucine : A non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid comprising hexanoic acid carrying an amino group at C-2. It does not occur naturally. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 2-aminohexanoic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid | |
praseodymium
Praseodymium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Pr, atomic number 59, and atomic weight 140.91. | 2 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom | |
cerium
Cerium: An element of the rare earth family of metals. It has the atomic symbol Ce, atomic number 58, and atomic weight 140.12. Cerium is a malleable metal used in industrial applications. | 2 | 1 | 0 | f-block element atom;
lanthanoid atom | |
chromium
Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | chromium group element atom;
metal allergen | micronutrient |
gold
Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | copper group element atom;
elemental gold | |
cephalexin
Cephalexin: A semisynthetic cephalosporin antibiotic with antimicrobial activity similar to that of CEPHALORIDINE or CEPHALOTHIN, but somewhat less potent. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms.. cephalexin : A semisynthetic first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic having methyl and beta-(2R)-2-amino-2-phenylacetamido groups at the 3- and 7- of the cephem skeleton, respectively. It is effective against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms, and is used for treatment of infections of the skin, respiratory tract and urinary tract. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | beta-lactam antibiotic allergen;
cephalosporin;
semisynthetic derivative | antibacterial drug |
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical |
captopril
Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | alkanethiol;
L-proline derivative;
N-acylpyrrolidine;
pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid | antihypertensive agent;
EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
cefadroxil anhydrous
Cefadroxil: Long-acting, broad-spectrum, water-soluble, CEPHALEXIN derivative.. cefadroxil : A cephalosporin bearing methyl and (2R)-2-amino-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetamido groups at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | cephalosporin | antibacterial drug |
norvaline
norvaline: differs from valine in being 1 carbon longer instead of branched; RN given refers to (L)-isomer; structure. L-2-aminopentanoic acid : A 2-aminopentanoic acid that has S-configuration. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 2-aminopentanoic acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion | bacterial metabolite;
hypoglycemic agent;
neuroprotective agent |
omega-aminocaprylic acid
8-aminooctanoic acid : An omega-amino fatty acid that is octanoic acid which carries an amino group at position 8. | 2 | 1 | 0 | medium-chain fatty acid;
omega-amino fatty acid | human metabolite |
glycyl-glycyl-glycyl-glycine
[no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | | |
ethyl tyrosine ester
ethyl tyrosine ester: RN given refers to L-isomer. ethyl L-tyrosinate : An L-tyrosyl ester that is L-tyrosine in which the hydrogen of the carboxy group has been replaced by an ethyl group. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | ethyl ester;
L-tyrosyl ester | |
leucyltyrosine
leucyltyrosine: RN given refers to L-Tyr,L-Leu-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 4/93 | 2.92 | 4 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
tyrosyltyrosine
tyrosyltyrosine: RN given refers to all-(L)-isomer. tyrosyltyrosine : A dipeptide comprising tyrosine with a tyrosyl residue attached to the alpha-nitrogen.. Tyr-Tyr : Tyrosyltyrosine in which each tyrosine residue has L-configuration. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | tyrosyltyrosine | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
tyrosine methyl ester
tyrosine methyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. methyl L-tyrosinate : An L-tyrosyl ester that is the methyl ester of L-tyrosine. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | L-tyrosyl ester;
methyl ester | |
leucyl-glycyl-glycine
leucyl-glycyl-glycine: RN given refers to (L-Leu)-isomer. Leu-Gly-Gly : A tripeptide composed of one L-leucine and two glycine residues joined in sequence. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | tripeptide | metabolite |
acetylleucine
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | L-leucine derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid | metabolite |
rentiapril
rentiapril: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
ubenimex
ubenimex: growth inhibitor | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | | |
6-carboxyfluorescein
6-carboxyfluorescein: originally sold as 6-carboxyfluorescein, but commercial product is a mixture of two isomers; correct name is 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein | 2 | 1 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | |
leucylleucine
Leu-Leu : A dipeptide formed from two L-leucine residues. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | dipeptide;
L-aminoacyl-L-amino acid zwitterion | human metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
phenylalanylleucine
phenylalanylleucine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | plant metabolite |
methyl tryptophan, (l-trp)-isomer
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
leucyl-alanine
Leu-Ala : A dipeptide composed of L-leucine and L-alanine joined by a peptide linkage. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
tryptophan ethyl ester
tryptophan ethyl ester: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
leucyl-leucyl-leucine
leucyl-leucyl-leucine: RN given refers to (L-Leu-L-Leu-L-Leu)-isomer. Leu-Leu-Leu : A tripeptide formed from three L-leucine residues. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | tripeptide | metabolite |
alanylproline
alanylproline: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | metabolite |
phenylalanylphenylalanylamide
[no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | | |
tyrosylleucine
[no description available] | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
Trp-Trp
tryptophyltryptophan: an antigelation agent. Trp-Trp : A dipeptide formed from two L-tryptophan residues. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
n-acetyltyrosine, (dl)-isomer
N-acetyltyrosine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. N-acetyltyrosine : An N-acetyl-amino acid that is tyrosine with an amine hydrogen substituted by an acetyl group. | 1.94 | 1 | 0 | N-acetyl-amino acid;
phenols;
tyrosine derivative | human urinary metabolite |
glycyltryptophan
glycyltryptophan: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Gly-Trp : A dipeptide formed from glycine and L-tryptophan residues. | 3.39 | 7 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycyltyrosine
Gly-Tyr : A dipeptide composed of glycine and L-tyrosine joined by a peptide linkage. | 3.26 | 6 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycylleucine
Gly-Leu : A dipeptide composed of glycine and L-leucine joined by a peptide linkage. | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | metabolite |
histidine methyl ester
histidine methyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer; structure given in first source. histidine methyl ester : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the methyl ester of histidine. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | histidine derivative | |
alanyltyrosine
alanyltyrosine: tyrosine source; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Ala-Tyr : A dipeptide composed of L-alanine and L-tyrosine joined by a peptide linkage. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
aspartyl-phenylalanine
aspartyl-phenylalanine: metabolite of aspartame; may inhibit angiotensin converting enzyme; RN given refers to all (L)-isomer | 3.83 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | human blood serum metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite |
glycylsarcosine
glycylsarcosine : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of glycine with the amino group of sarcosine. | 2.94 | 4 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | |
n-acetylphenylalanine ethyl ester
N-acetylphenylalanine ethyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
leucylleucine
leucylleucine: RN given refers to (DL-Leu-DL-Leu)-isomer | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
diprotin a
[no description available] | 2 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
alanylphenylalanine
alanylphenylalanine: RN given refers to (L-Ala-L-PheAla)-isomer | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycyl-leucyl-tyrosine
glycyl-leucyl-tyrosine: structure given in first source | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
glycyl-glycyl-proline
Gly-Gly-Pro : A tripeptide composed of glycine, glycine and L-proline amino acids joined in sequence by peptide linkages. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | tripeptide zwitterion;
tripeptide | |
tryptophylglycine
Trp-Gly : A dipeptide formed from L-tryptophan and glycine residues. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycylaspartic acid
glycylaspartic acid: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 2.93 | 4 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycyl-histidyl-glycine
[no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
n-glycylglutamic acid
N-glycylglutamic acid: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Gly-Glu : A dipeptide formed from glycyl and L-glutamic acid residues. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
beta-aspartylglycine
beta-aspartylglycine: found in cecum of germ-free & antibiotic-treated mice; RN given refers to (L-beta)-isomer | 2 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | |
histidylglycine
histidylglycine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer. His-Gly : A dipeptide formed from L-histidine and glycine residues. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycylleucine
glycylleucine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | | |
valylvaline
valylvaline: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Val-Val : A dipeptide formed from two L-valine residues. | 3.1 | 5 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
alpha-methylphenylalanine
alpha-methylphenylalanine: induces chronic hyperphenylalaninemia in suckling rats; models for the study of inborn errors of metabolism; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | benzenes;
monocarboxylic acid | |
prolinamide
prolinamide: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. L-prolinamide : The carboxamide derivative of L-proline. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | amino acid amide;
L-proline derivative;
pyrrolidinecarboxamide | |
1-leucine-4-nitroanilide
1-leucine-4-nitroanilide: substrate for arylamidase; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
tyrosyl-glycyl-glycine
tyrosyl-glycyl-glycine: RN given refers to L-isomer; this may not be the same as IMREG-1. Tyr-Gly-Gly : A tripeptide composed of one L-tyrosine and two glycine residues joined in sequence. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | tripeptide zwitterion;
tripeptide | metabolite |
proctolin
proctolin: neurotransmitter in arthropods or invertebrates | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
glycylglutamine
glycylglutamine: inhibitory neuropeptide derived from beta-endorphin; RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | metabolite;
protective agent |
glycyl-leucyl-phenylalanine
glycyl-leucyl-phenylalanine: an immunostimulatory peptide; RN given refer to all (L)-isomer | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
lysyllysine
lysyllysine: RN given refers to (L-Lys)-isomer. Lys-Lys : A dipeptide formed from two L-lysine residues. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
alanylglutamic acid
alanylglutamic acid: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. L-alanyl-L-glutamic acid : A dipeptide consisting of L-glutamic acid having an L-alanyl attached to its alpha-amino group | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | |
xylose
xylopyranose: structure in first source | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | D-xylose | |
proline
Proline: A non-essential amino acid that is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID. It is an essential component of COLLAGEN and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons.. proline : An alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proline;
proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite;
compatible osmolytes;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
phenylalanylarginine
phenylalanylarginine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer. Phe-Arg : A dipeptide composed of L-phenylalanine and L-arginine joined by a peptide linkage. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
alanine-4-nitroanilide
alanine-4-nitroanilide: substrate for aminopeptidase M | 2 | 1 | 0 | | |
arginylproline
arginylproline: first & second amino acid in substance P sequence; RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Arg-Pro : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-arginine with the amino group of L-proline. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | |
aspartylglycine
Asp-Gly : A dipeptide composed of L-aspartic acid and glycine joined by a peptide linkage. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
arginylarginine
Arg-Arg : A dipeptide formed from two L-arginine residues. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
arginylarginine 2-naphthylamide
arginylarginine 2-naphthylamide: substrate for dipeptidyl peptidase III | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
histidylphenylalanine
His-Phe : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-histidine with the amino group of L-phenylalanine. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | |
prolyl-tyrosine
prolyl-tyrosine: structure given in first source. Pro-Tyr : A dipeptide formed from L-proline and L-tyrosine residues. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
compound 20
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
n-valyltryptophan
N-valyltryptophan: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | peptide | |
etilevodopa
etilevodopa: is the ethyl ester of levodopa; an antiparkinson drug | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | tyrosine derivative | |
lysylproline
lysylproline: third & fourth amino acid in substance P sequence. Lys-Pro : A dipeptide formed from L-lysine and L-proline residues. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
isospaglumic acid
isospaglumic acid: mediator in the sensitivity of animals to hyperbaric oxygenation; Naaxia is the tradename; apparently can have both a neuroprotective and a neurotoxic effect. Ac-Asp-Glu : A dipeptide composed of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid and L-glutamic acid joined by a peptide linkage. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | human metabolite |
histidylleucine
His-Leu : A dipeptide formed from L-histidine and L-leucine residues. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | metabolite |
ceronapril
ceronapril: structure given in first source; RN given for (S)-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-amino acid | |
glycyl-glycyl-valine
[no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
succinylproline
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-amino acid | |
prolylglutamic acid
Pro-Glu : A dipeptide formed from L-proline and L-glutamic acid residues. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycyl-glycyl-sarcosine
glycyl-glycyl-sarcosine: structure given in first source | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
carnosine
polaprezinc: stimulates bone growth | 2 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
dipeptide | anticonvulsant;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
geroprotector;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
neuroprotective agent |
cysteinylglycine
cysteinylglycine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not in Chemlne 7/13/83. L-cysteinylglycine : A dipeptide consisting of glycine having an L-cysteinyl attached to its alpha-amino group. It is an intermediate metabolite in glutathione metabolism. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
glutamyl-glutamic acid
glutamyl-glutamic acid: RN given for (L,L)-isomer. Glu-Glu : A dipeptide composed of two L-glutamic acid units joined by a peptide linkage. | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
naringin
[no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | (2S)-flavan-4-one;
4'-hydroxyflavanones;
dihydroxyflavanone;
disaccharide derivative;
neohesperidoside | anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
metabolite |
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | ferulic acids | anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite |
isoleucylvaline
isoleucylvaline: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer. Ile-Val : A dipeptide formed from L-isoleucine and L-valine residues. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
enkephalin, leucine
Enkephalin, Leucine: One of the endogenous pentapeptides with morphine-like activity. It differs from MET-ENKEPHALIN in the LEUCINE at position 5. Its first four amino acid sequence is identical to the tetrapeptide sequence at the N-terminal of BETA-ENDORPHIN.. Leu-enkephalin : A pentapeptide comprising L-tyrosine, glycine, glycine, L-phenylalanine and L-leucine residues joined in sequence by peptide linkages. It is an endogenous opioid peptide produced in vertebrate species, including rodents, primates and humans that results from decomposition of proenkephalin or dynorphin and exhibits antinociceptive properties. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | pentapeptide;
peptide zwitterion | analgesic;
delta-opioid receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mu-opioid receptor agonist;
neurotransmitter;
rat metabolite |
aspartyl-aspartic acid
aspartyl-aspartic acid: do not confuse with cyclo(Asp-Asp). Asp-Asp : A dipeptide formed from two L-aspartic acid units. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
Phe-Tyr
Phe-Tyr : A dipeptide formed from L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine residues. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
bucillamine
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
n-acetyltryptophan
N-acetyl-L-tryptophan : A N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetyl derivative of L-tryptophan. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | L-tryptophan derivative;
N-acetyl-L-amino acid | metabolite |
n-benzoylalanine
N-benzoylalanine: RN given refers to parent cpd (L-Ala)-isomer. N-benzoylalanine : An N-acylamino acid that is the N-benzoyl derivative of alanine.. N-benzoyl-L-alanine : An N-acyl-L-alanine resulting from the formal condensation of L-alanine with the carboxy group of benzoic acid. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | N-acyl-L-alanine;
N-benzoylalanine | metabolite |
phenylalanine methyl ester
phenylalanine methyl ester: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. methyl L-phenylalaninate : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the methyl ester of L-phenylalanine. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alpha-amino acid ester;
L-phenylalanine derivative | |
n-glycylalanine
Gly-Ala : A dipeptide formed from glycine and L-alanine residues. | 3.12 | 5 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
thiourea
Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | one-carbon compound;
thioureas;
ureas | antioxidant;
chromophore |
D-fructopyranose
[no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | cyclic hemiketal;
D-fructose;
fructopyranose | sweetening agent |
glycylvaline
glycylvaline: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | human metabolite |
epsilon-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-lysine
epsilon-tert-butyloxycarbonyl-lysine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
laccase
Laccase: A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
glycylproline
Gly-Pro : A dipeptide consisting of L-proline having a glycyl residue attached to its alpha-amino group. | 3.61 | 9 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | metabolite |
quinine
[no description available] | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | cinchona alkaloid | antimalarial;
muscle relaxant;
non-narcotic analgesic |
glycyllysine
glycyllysine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Gly-Lys : A dipeptide formed from glycine and L-lysine residues. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
methionyltryptophan
Met-Trp : A dipeptide formed from L-methionine and L-tryptophan residues. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
ovalbumin
Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | | |
imipenem
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | carbapenems | |
gamma-cyclodextrin
gamma-cyclodextrin : A cycloamylose composed of eight alpha-(1->4) linked D-glucopyranose units. | 3.1 | 1 | 0 | cyclodextrin | |
cesium
Cesium: A member of the alkali metals. It has an atomic symbol Cs, atomic number 50, and atomic weight 132.91. Cesium has many industrial applications, including the construction of atomic clocks based on its atomic vibrational frequency. | 3.1 | 1 | 0 | alkali metal atom | |
lisinopril
Lisinopril: One of the ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS (ACE inhibitors), orally active, that has been used in the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor |
sulfur
Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine. | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | chalcogen;
nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
alanyl-alanyl-alanine
alanyl-alanyl-alanine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer. Ala-Ala-Ala : A tripeptide composed of three L-alanine units joined by peptide linkages. | 2 | 1 | 0 | tripeptide | metabolite |
alanylalanine
L-alanyl-L-alanine : A dipeptide consisting of two L-alanine units joined by a peptide linkage. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
phenylalanylalanine
phenylalanylalanine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Phe-Ala : A dipeptide formed from L-phenylalanine and L-alanine residues. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | metabolite |
n(alpha)-phosphorylalanylproline
N(alpha)-phosphorylalanylproline: inhibitor of angiotensin converting enzyme; RN given refers to (L)-isomer | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
alpha-aspartylalanine
alpha-aspartylalanine: found in pig brain. Asp-Ala : A dipeptide formed from L-alpha-aspartyl and L-valine residues. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
alanyltyrosine
Tyr-Ala : A dipeptide formed from L-tyrosine and L-alanine residues. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
phenyldehydroalanine
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
prolylglycine
prolylglycine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. L-prolylglycine : A dipeptide consisting of glycine having an L-prolyl group attached to its alpha-amino nitrogen. | 2.91 | 4 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | |
arginyllysine
Arg-Lys : A dipeptide formed from L-arginyl and L-leucine residues. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
enkephalin, leucine-2-alanine
Enkephalin, Leucine-2-Alanine: A delta-selective opioid (ANALGESICS, OPIOID). It can cause transient depression of mean arterial blood pressure and heart rate. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
tryptophanol
tryptophanol: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
phenylalanylglycine
phenylalanylglycine: RN given refers to (DL)-isomer. Phe-Gly : A dipeptide formed from L-phenylalanine and glycine residues. | 3.51 | 8 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
leucyl-phenylalanine
Leu-Phe : A dipeptide formed from L-leucine and L-phenylalanine residues. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycyl-alanyl-phenylalanine
[no description available] | 2.72 | 3 | 0 | oligopeptide | |
glutamylalanine
Glu-Ala : A dipeptide formed from L-alpha-glutamyl and L-alanine residues. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycyl-alanyl-leucine
glycyl-alanyl-leucine: RN given refers to all (L)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not avail 9/91 | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
glutaminyl-glycine
Gln-Gly : A dipeptide formed from L-glutamine and glycine residues. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
methionylglycine
methionylglycine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Met-Gly : A dipeptide formed from L-methionine and glycine residues. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
phenylalanylphenylalanine
Phe-Phe : A dipeptide formed from two L-phenylalanine residues. | 2.38 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide;
L-aminoacyl-L-amino acid zwitterion | human blood serum metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
histidylhistidine
histidylhistidine: RN given for L-,L-isomer | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
valylleucine
valylleucine: RN given refers to all L-isomer. Val-Leu : A dipeptide formed from L-valine and L-leucine residues. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
phenylalanyl-valine
Val-Phe : A dipeptide formed from L-valine and L-phenylalanine residues. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
alanylglycine
[no description available] | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | metabolite |
valyltyrosine
valyltyrosine: from sardine muscle hydrolyzate. Val-Tyr : A dipeptide formed from L-valine and L-tyrosine residues. | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
alpha-glutamyltryptophan
Trp-Glu : A dipeptide formed from L-tryptophan and L-glutamic acid residues. | 2.68 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
lysylglutamic acid
lysylglutamic acid: a geroprotective agent. Lys-Glu : A dipeptide formed from L-lysine and L-glutamic acid residues. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
methionylglutamic acid
Met-Glu : A dipeptide formed from L-methionine and L-glutamic acid residues. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
Ala-Lys
Ala-Lys : A dipeptide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of L-alanine with the alpha-amino group of L-lysine. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | marine metabolite |
valyl-valyl-valine
[no description available] | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | peptide | |
phenylalanylproline
Phe-Pro : A dipeptide formed from L-phenylalanine and L-proline residues. | 2.41 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
lysylglycine
lysylglycine: structure in first source. Lys-Gly : A dipeptide formed from L-lysine and glycine residues. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
glycylhistidine
glycylhistidine: RN given refers to (L)-isomer. Gly-His : A dipeptide composed of glycine and L-histidine joined by a peptide linkage. | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide | metabolite |
prolylisoleucine
prolylisoleucine: RN refers to (L)-isomer. Pro-Ile : A dipeptide formed from L-proline and L-isoleucine residues. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
phenylalanyl-valine
phenylalanyl-valine: structure in first source. Phe-Val : A dipeptide formed from L-phenylalanine and L-valine residues. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
isoleucyl-tyrosine
isoleucyl-tyrosine: a dipeptide with antihypertensive effect. Ile-Tyr : A dipeptide formed from L-isoleucine and L-tyrosine residues. | 2.42 | 2 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
prolyl-serine
Pro-Ser : A dipeptide formed from L-proline and L-serine residues. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
prolylvaline
Val-Pro : A dipeptide formed from L-valine and L-proline residues. | 2.7 | 3 | 0 | dipeptide | metabolite |
homocarnosine
homocarnosine: RN given refers to parent cpd. homocarnosine : A histidine derivative that is histidine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-amino group has been replaced by a 4-aminobutanoyl group. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide zwitterion;
dipeptide;
homocarnosine;
L-histidine derivative;
N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion;
N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid | human metabolite |
prolyl-proline
Pro-Pro : A dipeptide formed from two L-proline residues. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dipeptide | human urinary metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
clove
Madagascar: One of the Indian Ocean Islands off the southeast coast of Africa. Its capital is Antananarivo. It was formerly called the Malagasy Republic. Discovered by the Portuguese in 1500, its history has been tied predominantly to the French, becoming a French protectorate in 1882, a French colony in 1896, and a territory within the French union in 1946. The Malagasy Republic was established in the French Community in 1958 but it achieved independence in 1960. Its name was changed to Madagascar in 1975. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p714) | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | | |
acid phosphatase
Acid Phosphatase: An enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of an orthophosphoric monoester and water to an alcohol and orthophosphate. EC 3.1.3.2. | 2.04 | 1 | 0 | | |
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV. | 2.02 | 1 | 0 | | |
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ascorbic acid;
vitamin C | coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent |
valacyclovir
Valacyclovir: A prodrug of acyclovir that is used in the treatment of HERPES ZOSTER and HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS INFECTION of the skin and mucous membranes, including GENITAL HERPES. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | L-valyl ester | antiviral drug |