ethyl-cellulose and Periodontal-Diseases

Ethylcellulose inserts of niridazole fabricated by casting were studied for in vitro release and in vivo clinical effectiveness. The in vitro drug release was steady and sustained for over 7 days and followed diffusion kinetics. Selected batch, EN3, was evaluated clinically in patients with periodontitis for 6 months. A significant improvement (alpha < or = 0.05) in clinical indices from baseline was observed. Intergroup study revealed a significant (alpha < or = 0.01) change in the bleeding index, gingival index, plaque index, calculus criteria, and pocket depth. Significant reduction in total bacterial count in gingival crevicular fluid was observed before and postdevice insertion, as well as between control and treatment groups.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Biological Availability; Cellulose; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dental Calculus; Dental Plaque; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hemorrhage; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Niridazole; Orphan Drug Production; Periodontal Diseases; Periodontal Index; Periodontal Pocket; Periodontitis; Pilot Projects; Single-Blind Method; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Administration, Topical; Cellulose; Chronic Disease; Dental Plaque; Dibutyl Phthalate; Humans; Methylmethacrylates; Metronidazole; Periodontal Diseases

The aim of this study was to develop chitosan (CS) microparticulated mucoadhesive drug delivery system (DDS) with improved therapeutic performance and biological responce. Ionotropic gelation/spray drying process was used for preparation of doxycycline hyclate (DOXY) loaded low and medium molecular weight (LMw and MMw) CS/sodium tripolyphosphate microparticles (CS/TPP MPs), further coated with ethyl cellulose (EC) using coacervation/solvent displacement technique. The relevant physico-chemical and biopharmaceutical properties were optimized using experimental design approach. Both coated and uncoated CS/TPP MPs showed high mucoadhesive potential and did not affect the viability of the tested epithelial cell line. The MPs induced slow and gradual apoptotic response in murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 and the observed effect depended upon formulation type and MP concentration. Biological effect of the CS-based MPs observed in our experiments point to synergism of the biological response of the carrier with the anti-inflammatory effect of DOXY.

Topics: Animals; Cellulose; Chitosan; Doxycycline; Drug Carriers; Drug Delivery Systems; Humans; Periodontal Diseases; Polyphosphates

Controlled-release metronidazole, mucoadhesive gel proposed as a drug-delivery system for periodontal application was developed and characterized. The system was based on a mixture of glycerylmonooleate (GMO) and ethylcellulose (EC). The mechanism of release depends: firstly, on the ability of GMO to form a viscous liquid crystalline mesophases and secondly on the solubilized EC to form a hydrophobic network when the mixture comes into contact with water resulting in sustaining the release of the drug. Ethylcellulose dissolved in GMO had a profound influence on the rate of drug release, reduced the initial drug release and prolonged the sustained release of metronidazole. Propylene glycol (PG) was added to increase the solubility of the drug and water was added with PG to control the viscosity. A controlled release formulation containing w/w, 20% metronidazole, 10% PG, 5% water and 65% GMO that contains 7% EC was found to be mucoadhesive, easily injectable at room temperature, and to follow Fickian diffusion release mechanism. When the drug loading was increased the drug release was accelerated, and the mechanism followed anomalous controlled-release mechanism. Stability studies indicated that the formulation should be stored at 4 °C in a dark place.

Topics: Adhesiveness; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents; Cellulose; Chickens; Delayed-Action Preparations; Drug Delivery Systems; Drug Liberation; Drug Stability; Drug Storage; Excipients; Gels; Glycerides; Humans; Metronidazole; Mucous Membrane; Particle Size; Periodontal Diseases; Phase Transition; Propylene Glycol; Rheology; Solubility

To investigate the use of ethylcellulose microspheres as long-term and peripheral emboli for percutaneous maxillofacial arterial embolization.. Eight mongrel dogs were selected randomly for internal maxillary artery embolization with ethylcellulose microspheres. After embolization, angiographic, microangiographic, and histologic examinations were performed.. Ethylcellulose microspheres were trapped in the peripheral arterioles from 24 hours to 6 months after embolization. Degenerative changes of maxilla, mandible, and dental pulp occurred after the embolization of the internal maxillary artery with the microspheres. No evidence of whole or focal necrosis of the bones and surrounding soft tissues was found between 24 hours and 6 months after embolization.. Ethylcellulose microspheres can be used as an alternative long-term and peripheral embolic agent, with potential for percutaneous maxillofacial arterial embolization.

Topics: Angiography, Digital Subtraction; Animals; Arterioles; Calcinosis; Catheterization, Peripheral; Cellulose; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Calcification; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Embolization, Therapeutic; Follow-Up Studies; Haversian System; Mandible; Maxilla; Maxillary Artery; Microradiography; Microspheres; Periodontal Diseases; Thrombosis