| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|
cysteine sulfinic acid
cysteine sulfinic acid: metabolite of sulfur-containing amino acids | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | | |
benzoic acid
Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | benzoic acids | algal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite |
hydrogen sulfide
Hydrogen Sulfide: A flammable, poisonous gas with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. It is used in the manufacture of chemicals, in metallurgy, and as an analytical reagent. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). hydrogen sulfide : A sulfur hydride consisting of a single sulfur atom bonded to two hydrogen atoms. A highly poisonous, flammable gas with a characteristic odour of rotten eggs, it is often produced by bacterial decomposition of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.. thiol : An organosulfur compound in which a thiol group, -SH, is attached to a carbon atom of any aliphatic or aromatic moiety. | 3.99 | 12 | 0 | gas molecular entity;
hydracid;
mononuclear parent hydride;
sulfur hydride | Escherichia coli metabolite;
genotoxin;
metabolite;
signalling molecule;
toxin;
vasodilator agent |
2-keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid
2-keto-4-methylthiobutyric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid derived from L-methionine via the action of methionine transaminase. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | omega-(methylthio)-2-oxocarboxylic acid | |
lactic acid
Lactic Acid: A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed). 2-hydroxypropanoic acid : A 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the alpha-hydrogens is replaced by a hydroxy group. | 2.4 | 2 | 0 | 2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | algal metabolite;
Daphnia magna metabolite |
glycine
[no description available] | 2.69 | 3 | 0 | alpha-amino acid;
amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid | EC 2.1.2.1 (glycine hydroxymethyltransferase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
hepatoprotective agent;
micronutrient;
neurotransmitter;
NMDA receptor agonist;
nutraceutical |
glyoxylic acid
glyoxylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glyoxylic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid bearing an oxo group at the alpha carbon atom. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
aldehydic acid | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen Cyanide: Hydrogen cyanide (HCN); A toxic liquid or colorless gas. It is found in the smoke of various tobacco products and released by combustion of nitrogen-containing organic materials.. hydrogen cyanide : A one-carbon compound consisting of a methine group triple bonded to a nitrogen atom | 1.93 | 1 | 0 | hydracid;
one-carbon compound | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
poison |
thioctic acid
Thioctic Acid: An octanoic acid bridged with two sulfurs so that it is sometimes also called a pentanoic acid in some naming schemes. It is biosynthesized by cleavage of LINOLEIC ACID and is a coenzyme of oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX). It is used in DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | dithiolanes;
heterocyclic fatty acid;
thia fatty acid | fundamental metabolite;
geroprotector |
methylmercaptan
methylmercaptan: intermediate in the manufacturing of jet fuels, pesticides, fungicides, plastics, synthesis of methionine; odor may cause nausea; narcotic in high concentrations; depresses urea biosynthesis; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | alkanethiol | human metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
hydroxypyruvic acid
hydroxypyruvic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-hydroxypyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is pyruvic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a hydroxy group. It is an intermediate involved in the glycine and serine metabolism. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid;
3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite |
phenylpyruvic acid
phenylpyruvic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. phenylpyruvate : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from deprotonation of the carboxy group of either keto- or enol-phenylpyruvic acid.. keto-phenylpyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is 3-phenylpropanoic acid substituted by an oxo group at position 2. It is an intermediate metabolite in the phenylalanine pathway. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | chromogenic compound;
EC 6.4.1.1 (pyruvate carboxylase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite |
pyridoxal
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | hydroxymethylpyridine;
methylpyridines;
monohydroxypyridine;
pyridinecarbaldehyde;
vitamin B6 | cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
pyruvic acid
Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis. | 2.88 | 4 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | cofactor;
fundamental metabolite |
thiosulfates
Thiosulfates: Inorganic salts of thiosulfuric acid possessing the general formula R2S2O3.. thiosulfate(2-) : A divalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of both protons from thiosulfuric acid. | 3.28 | 6 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion;
sulfur oxide;
sulfur oxoanion | human metabolite |
sulfites
Sulfites: Inorganic salts of sulfurous acid.. sulfites : Any sulfurous acid derivative that is a salt or an ester of sulfurous acid.. organosulfonate oxoanion : An organic anion obtained by deprotonation of the sufonate group(s) of any organosulfonic acid.. sulfite : A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3). | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | divalent inorganic anion;
sulfur oxide;
sulfur oxoanion | |
taurine
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | amino sulfonic acid;
zwitterion | antioxidant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
glycine receptor agonist;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient;
radical scavenger;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
mercaptoethanol
Mercaptoethanol: A water-soluble thiol derived from hydrogen sulfide and ethanol. It is used as a reducing agent for disulfide bonds and to protect sulfhydryl groups from oxidation. | 2.34 | 2 | 0 | alkanethiol;
primary alcohol | geroprotector |
thyroxine
Thyroxine: The major hormone derived from the thyroid gland. Thyroxine is synthesized via the iodination of tyrosines (MONOIODOTYROSINE) and the coupling of iodotyrosines (DIIODOTYROSINE) in the THYROGLOBULIN. Thyroxine is released from thyroglobulin by proteolysis and secreted into the blood. Thyroxine is peripherally deiodinated to form TRIIODOTHYRONINE which exerts a broad spectrum of stimulatory effects on cell metabolism.. thyroxine : An iodothyronine compound having iodo substituents at the 3-, 3'-, 5- and 5'-positions. | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2-halophenol;
iodophenol;
L-phenylalanine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid;
thyroxine zwitterion;
thyroxine | antithyroid drug;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
thyroid hormone |
glutamine
Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion;
glutamine family amino acid;
glutamine;
L-alpha-amino acid;
polar amino acid zwitterion;
proteinogenic amino acid | EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
cyanides
Cyanides: Inorganic salts of HYDROGEN CYANIDE containing the -CN radical. The concept also includes isocyanides. It is distinguished from NITRILES, which denotes organic compounds containing the -CN radical.. cyanides : Salts and C-organyl derivatives of hydrogen cyanide, HC#N.. isocyanide : The isomer HN(+)#C(-) of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N, and its hydrocarbyl derivatives RNC (RN(+)#C(-)).. cyanide : A pseudohalide anion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen cyanide. | 5.03 | 13 | 0 | pseudohalide anion | EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor |
methionine
Methionine: A sulfur-containing essential L-amino acid that is important in many body functions.. methionine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. | 2.37 | 2 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
methionine zwitterion;
methionine;
proteinogenic amino acid | antidote to paracetamol poisoning;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical |
cycloserine
Cycloserine: Antibiotic substance produced by Streptomyces garyphalus.. D-cycloserine : A 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one that has R configuration. It is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces garyphalus or S. orchidaceus and is used as part of a multi-drug regimen for the treatment of tuberculosis when resistance to, or toxicity from, primary drugs has developed. An analogue of D-alanine, it interferes with bacterial cell wall synthesis in the cytoplasm by competitive inhibition of L-alanine racemase (which forms D-alanine from L-alanine) and D-alanine--D-alanine ligase (which incorporates D-alanine into the pentapeptide required for peptidoglycan formation and bacterial cell wall synthesis). | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 4-amino-1,2-oxazolidin-3-one;
organonitrogen heterocyclic antibiotic;
organooxygen heterocyclic antibiotic;
zwitterion | antiinfective agent;
antimetabolite;
antitubercular agent;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist |
dithionitrobenzoic acid
Dithionitrobenzoic Acid: A standard reagent for the determination of reactive sulfhydryl groups by absorbance measurements. It is used primarily for the determination of sulfhydryl and disulfide groups in proteins. The color produced is due to the formation of a thio anion, 3-carboxyl-4-nitrothiophenolate.. dithionitrobenzoic acid : An organic disulfide that results from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 2-nitro-5-thiobenzoic acid. An indicator used to quantify the number or concentration of thiol groups. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | nitrobenzoic acid;
organic disulfide | indicator |
thiamine pyrophosphate
Thiamine Pyrophosphate: The coenzyme form of Vitamin B1 present in many animal tissues. It is a required intermediate in the PYRUVATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX and the KETOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE COMPLEX.. thiamine(1+) diphosphate chloride : An organic chloride salt of thiamine(1+) diphosphate. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | organic chloride salt;
vitamin B1 | |
dithiothreitol
1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol : A glycol that is butane-2,3-diol in which a hydrogen from each of the methyl groups is replaced by a thiol group.. 1,4-dithiothreitol : The threo-diastereomer of 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol. | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | 1,4-dimercaptobutane-2,3-diol;
butanediols;
dithiol;
glycol;
thiol | chelator;
human metabolite;
reducing agent |
buthionine sulfoximine
Buthionine Sulfoximine: A synthetic amino acid that depletes glutathione by irreversibly inhibiting gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase. Inhibition of this enzyme is a critical step in glutathione biosynthesis. It has been shown to inhibit the proliferative response in human T-lymphocytes and inhibit macrophage activation. (J Biol Chem 1995;270(33):1945-7). 2-amino-4-(S-butylsulfonimidoyl)butanoic acid : A non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid that is homocysteine in which the thiol group carries an oxo, imino and butyl groups.. S-butyl-DL-homocysteine (S,R)-sulfoximine : A sulfoximide that is the sulfoximine derivative of an analogue of DL-methionine in which the S-methyl group is replaced by S-butyl. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | diastereoisomeric mixture;
homocysteines;
non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid;
sulfoximide | EC 6.3.2.2 (glutamate--cysteine ligase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer |
tricalcium phosphate
tricalcium phosphate: a form of tricalcium phosphate used as bioceramic bone replacement material; see also records for alpha-tricalcium phosphate, beta-tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphate; apatitic tricalcium phosphate Ca9(HPO4)(PO4)5(OH) is the calcium orthophosphate leading to beta tricalcium phosphate Ca3(PO4)2 (b-TCP). calcium phosphate : A calcium salt composed of calcium and phosphate/diphosphate ions; present in milk and used for the mineralisation of calcified tissues. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | calcium phosphate | |
deuterium
Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | dihydrogen | |
calcium pyrophosphate
Calcium Pyrophosphate: An inorganic pyrophosphate which affects calcium metabolism in mammals. Abnormalities in its metabolism occur in some human diseases, notably HYPOPHOSPHATASIA and pseudogout (CHONDROCALCINOSIS). | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | calcium phosphate | |
adenosine
quinquefolan B: isolated from roots of Panax quinquefolium L.; RN not in Chemline 10/87; RN from Toxlit | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | adenosines;
purines D-ribonucleoside | analgesic;
anti-arrhythmia drug;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite;
vasodilator agent |
thiolactic acid
thiolactic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | mercaptopropanoic acid | |
methanesulfinic acid
methanesulfinic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. methanesulfinic acid : An organosulfinic acid that is methane in which one of the hydrogens has been replaced by a sulfino group. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | organosulfinic acid | |
coenzyme a
[no description available] | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate | coenzyme;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
hypotaurine
[no description available] | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | aminosulfinic acid;
zwitterion | human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite |
dithiane
dithiane: structure in first source | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | dithiane | |
beta-mercaptolactate
beta-mercaptolactate: structure. 3-mercaptolactic acid : A (2R)-2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid consisting of lactic acid having a sulfanyl group at the 3-position. | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | monosaccharide | |
pyridoxal 5'-sulfate
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
vilmafix blue a-r
Vilmafix Blue A-R: structure given in first source | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
propargylglycine
propargylglycine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation; structure | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | | |
beta-mercaptolactate cysteine disulfide
beta-mercaptolactate cysteine disulfide: structure | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | organic molecular entity | |
5'-methylthioadenosine
5'-methylthioadenosine: structure. 5'-S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine : Adenosine with the hydroxy group at C-5' substituted with a methylthio (methylsulfanyl) group. | 1.96 | 1 | 0 | thioadenosine | algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
sodium benzoate
Sodium Benzoate: The sodium salt of BENZOIC ACID. It is used as an antifungal preservative in pharmaceutical preparations and foods. It may also be used as a test for liver function.. sodium benzoate : An organic sodium salt resulting from the replacement of the proton from the carboxy group of benzoic acid by a sodium ion. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | organic sodium salt | algal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite |
cystine
[no description available] | 1.97 | 1 | 0 | | |
2-mercaptoacetate
2-mercaptoacetate: RN given refers to parent cpd | 2.65 | 3 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid anion | |
calcitriol
dihydroxy-vitamin D3: as a major in vitro metabolite of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, produced in primary cultures of neonatal human keratinocytes | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | D3 vitamins;
hydroxycalciol;
triol | antineoplastic agent;
antipsoriatic;
bone density conservation agent;
calcium channel agonist;
calcium channel modulator;
hormone;
human metabolite;
immunomodulator;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical |
sulfur
Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine. | 4.63 | 8 | 0 | chalcogen;
nonmetal atom | macronutrient |
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. | 7.41 | 64 | 0 | cysteinium | fundamental metabolite |
beta-escin
[no description available] | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | | |
sepharose
agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | | |
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. | 2.36 | 2 | 0 | organophosphate oxoanion | cofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
cobinamide
[no description available] | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | | |
folic acid
folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | folic acids;
N-acyl-amino acid | human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
nutrient |