Period circadian protein homolog 2

A period circadian protein homolog 2 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:O15055]

Synonyms

hPER2;
Circadian clock protein PERIOD 2

Research

Bioassay Publications (2)

Timeframe	Studies on this Protein(%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	2 (100.00)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80

Compounds (1)

Drugs with Activation Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
kl001	Homo sapiens (human)	EC50	0.8700	2	2

Enables

This protein enables 4 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	molecular function	Binding to a specific sequence of DNA that is part of a regulatory region that controls transcription of that section of the DNA. The transcribed region might be described as a gene, cistron, or operon. [GOC:txnOH]
transcription coactivator activity	molecular function	A transcription coregulator activity that activates or increases the transcription of specific gene sets via binding to a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor, either on its own or as part of a complex. Coactivators often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription coactivators modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second class remodels the conformation of chromatin in an ATP-dependent fashion. A third class modulates interactions of DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factors with other transcription coregulators. A fourth class of coactivator activity is the bridging of a DNA-binding transcription factor to the general (basal) transcription machinery. The Mediator complex, which bridges sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factors and RNA polymerase, is also a transcription coactivator. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867]
protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
transcription corepressor binding	molecular function	Binding to a transcription corepressor, a protein involved in negative regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that negatively regulate transcription. Transcription corepressors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressing transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. [GOC:krc]

Located In

This protein is located in 5 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
nucleus	cellular component	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators]
nucleoplasm	cellular component	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. [GOC:ma, ISBN:0124325653]
nucleolus	cellular component	A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome. [ISBN:0198506732]
cytosol	cellular component	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl]
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	cellular component	Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus. [GOC:jid]

Active In

This protein is active in 2 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
cytoplasm	cellular component	The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684]
nucleus	cellular component	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators]

Part Of

This protein is part of 1 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
Cry-Per complex	cellular component	Nuclear transcriptional repressor complex that is capable of negatively regulating CLOCK-BMAL-dependent transactivation of genes in a delayed negative feedback manner which generates circadian rhythms. [GOC:bhm, PMID:24855952]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 25 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
response to ischemia	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a inadequate blood supply. [GOC:hjd]
glycogen biosynthetic process	biological process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycogen, a polydisperse, highly branched glucan composed of chains of D-glucose residues. [ISBN:0198506732]
gluconeogenesis	biological process	The formation of glucose from noncarbohydrate precursors, such as pyruvate, amino acids and glycerol. [MetaCyc:GLUCONEO-PWY]
chromatin remodeling	biological process	A dynamic process of chromatin reorganization resulting in changes to chromatin structure. These changes allow DNA metabolic processes such as transcriptional regulation, DNA recombination, DNA repair, and DNA replication. [GOC:jid, GOC:vw, PMID:12042764, PMID:12697820]
fatty acid metabolic process	biological process	The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis. [ISBN:0198547684]
circadian rhythm	biological process	Any biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators]
regulation of vasoconstriction	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of reductions in the diameter of blood vessels. [GOC:jl]
lactate biosynthetic process	biological process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lactate, the anion of lactic acid. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of protein ubiquitination	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein. [GOC:mah]
circadian regulation of gene expression	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression such that an expression pattern recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. [GOC:mah]
regulation of circadian rhythm	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm. A circadian rhythm is a biological process in an organism that recurs with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb]
negative regulation of circadian rhythm	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a circadian rhythm behavior. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
regulation of neurogenesis	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells in the nervous system. [GOC:ai]
regulation of insulin secretion	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin. [GOC:ai]
white fat cell differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a white adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in energy storage. White adipocytes have cytoplasmic lipids arranged in a unique vacuole. [PMID:12508945]
regulation of cell cycle	biological process	Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
regulation of glutamate uptake involved in transmission of nerve impulse	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of L-glutamate into a neuron or glial cell. [GOC:ai]
negative regulation of fat cell proliferation	biological process	Any process that stops or decreases the rate or extent of fat cell proliferation. [GOC:mah, GOC:sl]
circadian regulation of translation	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mRNA translation with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. [GOC:ans, PMID:17264215]
positive regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cold-induced thermogenesis. [PMID:27876809]
negative regulation of transcription regulatory region DNA binding	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription regulatory region DNA binding. [GOC:obol]
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	biological process	The synchronization of a circadian rhythm to photoperiod, the intermittent cycle of light (day) and dark (night). [GOC:jl]