Compounds > daurisoline
Page last updated: 2024-12-06

daurisoline

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Daurisoline is a natural product isolated from the roots of Aconitum species, a genus of flowering plants belonging to the buttercup family Ranunculaceae. It exhibits a wide range of pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and anticancer effects. Daurisoline has been shown to inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α and IL-6. It also possesses analgesic properties, potentially by modulating the activity of pain receptors. Furthermore, daurisoline has been found to exhibit cytotoxic effects against various cancer cell lines, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for cancer treatment. The complex structure of daurisoline, featuring a unique ring system and multiple chiral centers, makes it a challenging target for total synthesis. However, several synthetic routes have been developed, allowing for the preparation of daurisoline and its analogs for further biological studies. The research on daurisoline aims to understand its mechanisms of action, explore its therapeutic potential, and develop synthetic methods for its production and modification. The unique chemical structure and diverse biological activities of daurisoline make it an intriguing target for pharmaceutical research.'
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daurisoline: antiarrhythmic from Menispermun dahuricum; structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID51106
CHEMBL ID2216904
CHEBI ID184038
SCHEMBL ID24212114
MeSH IDM0081808

Synonyms (24)

Synonym
7-isoquinolinol, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-((4-hydroxy-3-(4-((1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl)phenoxy)phenyl)methyl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-, (r-(r*,r*))-
o(sup 7)-demethyldauricine
(r-(r*,r*))-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-((4-hydroxy-3-(4-((1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1-isoquinolinyl)methyl)phenoxy)phenyl)methyl)-6-methoxy-2-methyl-7-isoquinolinol
daurisoline
d 610
(1r)-1-[[3-[4-[[(1r)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-1-yl]methyl]phenoxy]-4-hydroxyphenyl]methyl]-6-methoxy-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-1h-isoquinolin-7-ol
CHEBI:184038
70553-76-3
S9150
CHEMBL2216904 ,
daruisoline
bdbm50403104
AKOS015897168
DTXSID40220841
AC-34009
Q-100785
(r,r)-daurisoline
CS-8095
HY-N0221
mfcd00221740
NCGC00482986-03
CCG-270233
AS-77876
SCHEMBL24212114

Research Excerpts

Overview

Daurisoline (DAS) is a component of traditional Chinese herb, Menispermum dauricum. It exhibits anti-cancer effects by autophagy inhibition and metastasis suppression.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Daurisoline (1) is a bis-benzylisoquinoline alkaloid isolated from the rhizomes of Menispermum dauricum. "( Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
Jin, S; Liu, Q; Mao, X; Yang, X; Zeng, F, 2012)		2.22
"Daurisoline (DAS) is a component of traditional Chinese herb, which exhibits anti-cancer effects by autophagy inhibition and metastasis suppression."( Daurisoline Inhibits ESCC by Inducing G1 Cell Cycle Arrest and Activating ER Stress to Trigger Noxa-Dependent Intrinsic and CHOP-DR5-Dependent Extrinsic Apoptosis via p-eIF2
Chen, X; Jia, L; Liu, Q; Pan, Y; Wang, F; Xu, T; Yuan, S; Zhang, L, 2022)		2.89
"Daurisoline (DAS) is a constituent of Rhizoma Menispermi, and functions as a potential autophagy inhibitor to perform different cellular events."( Daurisoline inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by restraining autophagy and promoting cispaltin-induced cell death.
Liu, P; Xue, L, 2021)		2.79

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The pharmacokinetic and PK-PD model parameters were calculated."( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of daurisoline and dauricine in beagle dogs.
Chen, H; Gu, SF; Shi, SJ; Zeng, FD, 2003)		0.58
"To establish an HPLC method for the determination of daurisoline (DS) in rabbit plasma and investigate its pharmacokinetic characteristics after intravenous administration."( [Determination of daurisoline in rabbit plasma and study on its pharmacokinetics].
Chen, H; Gu, SF; Shi, SJ, 2003)		0.9
"A sensitive, precise and accurate method for the determination of DS in plasma was described, which can be used in its pharmacokinetic studies."( [Determination of daurisoline in rabbit plasma and study on its pharmacokinetics].
Chen, H; Gu, SF; Shi, SJ, 2003)		0.65
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
isoquinolinesA class of organic heteropolycyclic compound consisting of isoquinoline and its substitution derivatives.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (2)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)IC50 (µMol)9.35000.00091.901410.0000AID719975; AID719980
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (22)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by hormonePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion homeostasisPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle contractionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane depolarization during action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of heart rate by cardiac conductionPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potentialPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transportPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of potassium ion export across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
potassium ion import across plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (12)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
delayed rectifier potassium channel activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
C3HC4-type RING finger domain bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
scaffold protein bindingPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel activity involved in ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential repolarizationPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (5)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
cell surfacePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
voltage-gated potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
inward rectifier potassium channel complexPotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membranePotassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (45)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID719986Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as change in onset of inactivation curve between - 50 mV and + 10 mV holding potential at 10 uM by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719999Cmax in dog at 30 uM, iv administered as bolus dose2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719977Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at 3 uM at + 60 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID1769496Antiproliferative activity against human HCC1806 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay
AID719988Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at - 80 mV to + 0 mV holding potential at 10 uM by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719984Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as half activation potential for steady state inactivation curve at 10 uM by patch clamp assay (Rvb = - 48.7 +/- 7.6 mV)2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID1769495Antiproliferative activity against human SJRH30 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay
AID719997Reduction in human ERG-tail density expressed in HEK293 cells at 30 uM after 24 hrs by densitometric analysis2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719969Inhibition of Iks tail current in rabbit ventricular myocytes2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719979Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at 30 uM at + 60 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID1769492Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-453 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay
AID719995Downregulation of human ERG expression in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in intensity of 155 kDa band at 30 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719980Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at + 60 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719975Inhibition of human ERG stepped current expressed in HEK293 cells at + 20 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719970Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at 30 uM within 2 mins by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID720000Inhibition of human ERG at 1.7 uM2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719981Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as half activation potential for steady state activation curve at 10 uM by patch clamp assay (Rvb = 2.8 +/- 3.3 mV)2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID1769497Antiproliferative activity against human HCC70 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay
AID719996Downregulation of human ERG expression in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in intensity of 135 kDa band at 30 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719978Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at 10 uM at + 60 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719994Downregulation of human ERG expression in HEK293 cells assessed as change in intensity of 135 kDa band at 1 to 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719991Downregulation of human ERG mRNA expression in HEK293 cells at 30 uM after 24 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719983Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at 10 uM at - 120 to + 20 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID1769493Antiproliferative activity against human MDA-MB-231 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay
AID719973Inhibition of human ERG stepped current expressed in HEK293 cells at 10 uM at + 20 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719992Downregulation of human ERG mRNA expression in HEK293 cells at 30 uM after 24 hrs by qRT-PCR analysis2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID1769494Antiproliferative activity against human A673 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay
AID719989Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as time constant at + 30 mV holding potential at 10 uM by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719990Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at 50 ms by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID1769489Antiproliferative activity against human HCC1937 assessed as cell growth inhibition after 48 hrs by SRB assay
AID719993Downregulation of human ERG expression in HEK293 cells assessed as change in intensity of 155 kDa band at 1 to 10 uM after 24 hrs by Western blot analysis2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719976Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at 1 uM at + 60 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719982Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells at 10 uM at + 40 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719968Inhibition of Ikr tail current in rabbit ventricular myocytes2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719967Inhibition of Ikr tail current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes at 10 uM2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719972Inhibition of human ERG stepped current expressed in HEK293 cells at 3 uM at + 20 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719974Inhibition of human ERG stepped current expressed in HEK293 cells at 30 uM at + 20 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719998Cmax in rabbit at 30 uM, iv administered as bolus dose2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719971Inhibition of human ERG stepped current expressed in HEK293 cells at 1 uM at + 20 mV holding potential by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719985Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as increase in steady state inactivation time constant from - 120 mV to - 60 mV holding potential at 10 uM by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719987Inhibition of human ERG tail current expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as decrease in time constant for the onset of inactivation curve at - 20 mV holding potential at 10 uM by patch clamp assay2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID719966Inhibition of Iks tail current in guinea pig ventricular myocytes at 100 uM2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID720001Inhibition of rabbit ERG channel assessed as decrease in monophasic action potential duration2012Journal of natural products, Sep-28, Volume: 75, Issue:9
Effect of daurisoline on HERG channel electrophysiological function and protein expression.
AID1794808Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).2014Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 19, Issue:6
A High-Throughput Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Apicoplast DNA Polymerase from Plasmodium falciparum.
AID1794808Fluorescence-based screening to identify small molecule inhibitors of Plasmodium falciparum apicoplast DNA polymerase (Pf-apPOL).
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (35)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's17 (48.57)18.2507
2000's6 (17.14)29.6817
2010's4 (11.43)24.3611
2020's8 (22.86)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 20.43

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index20.43 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.58 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.71 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index18.60 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (20.43)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other35 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
gamma-aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric Acid: The most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system.. gamma-aminobutyric acid : A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4.		2.3820amino acid zwitterion;
gamma-amino acid;
monocarboxylic acid		human metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
signalling molecule
quinolinic acid
Quinolinic Acid: A metabolite of tryptophan with a possible role in neurodegenerative disorders. Elevated CSF levels of quinolinic acid are correlated with the severity of neuropsychological deficits in patients who have AIDS.. pyridinedicarboxylic acid : Any member of the class of pyridines carrying two carboxy groups.. quinolinic acid : A pyridinedicarboxylic acid that is pyridine substituted by carboxy groups at positions 2 and 3. It is a metabolite of tryptophan.		1.9710pyridinedicarboxylic acidEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
NMDA receptor agonist
verapamil
Verapamil: A calcium channel blocker that is a class IV anti-arrhythmia agent.. verapamil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of dexverapamil and (S)-verapamil. An L-type calcium channel blocker of the phenylalkylamine class, it is used (particularly as the hydrochloride salt) in the treatment of hypertension, angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmia, and as a preventive medication for migraine.. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-{[2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl](methyl)amino}-2-(propan-2-yl)pentanenitrile : A tertiary amino compound that is 3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamine in which the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen are replaced by a methyl group and a 4-cyano-4-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-methylhexyl group.		2.3920aromatic ether;
nitrile;
polyether;
tertiary amino compound
nimodipine
Nimodipine: A calcium channel blockader with preferential cerebrovascular activity. It has marked cerebrovascular dilating effects and lowers blood pressure.. nimodipine : A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.		1.97102-methoxyethyl ester;
C-nitro compound;
dicarboxylic acids and O-substituted derivatives;
diester;
dihydropyridine;
isopropyl ester		antihypertensive agent;
calcium channel blocker;
cardiovascular drug;
vasodilator agent
potassium chloride
Potassium Chloride: A white crystal or crystalline powder used in BUFFERS; FERTILIZERS; and EXPLOSIVES. It can be used to replenish ELECTROLYTES and restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE in treating HYPOKALEMIA.. potassium chloride : A metal chloride salt with a K(+) counterion.		1.9710inorganic chloride;
inorganic potassium salt;
potassium salt		fertilizer
trifluoperazine
[no description available]		1.9710N-alkylpiperazine;
N-methylpiperazine;
organofluorine compound;
phenothiazines		antiemetic;
calmodulin antagonist;
dopaminergic antagonist;
EC 1.8.1.12 (trypanothione-disulfide reductase) inhibitor;
EC 5.3.3.5 (cholestenol Delta-isomerase) inhibitor;
phenothiazine antipsychotic drug
yohimbine
Yohimbine: A plant alkaloid with alpha-2-adrenergic blocking activity. Yohimbine has been used as a mydriatic and in the treatment of ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION.. yohimbine : An indole alkaloid with alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist activity. It is produced by Corynanthe johimbe and Rauwolfia serpentina.		1.9810methyl 17-hydroxy-20xi-yohimban-16-carboxylatealpha-adrenergic antagonist;
dopamine receptor D2 antagonist;
serotonergic antagonist
glutamic acid
Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.		2.940glutamic acid;
glutamine family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid		Escherichia coli metabolite;
ferroptosis inducer;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
neurotransmitter;
nutraceutical
uk 68798
[no description available]		2.0510aromatic ether;
sulfonamide;
tertiary amino compound		anti-arrhythmia drug;
potassium channel blocker
dauricine
dauricine: RN given refers to parent cpd. dauricine : A bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid resulting from the formal oxidative dimerisation of 4-{[(1R)-6,7-dimethoxy-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolin-1-yl]methyl}phenol by attachment of the phenolic oxygen of one molecule to the benzene ring of the second (ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group of the latter).		7.9340aromatic ether;
bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid;
isoquinolines;
phenols;
tertiary amino compound		plant metabolite
sorafenib
[no description available]		7.3110(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aromatic ether;
monochlorobenzenes;
phenylureas;
pyridinecarboxamide		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anticoronaviral agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 2.7.11.1 (non-specific serine/threonine protein kinase) inhibitor;
ferroptosis inducer;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
6-ketoprostaglandin f1 alpha
6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha: The physiologically active and stable hydrolysis product of EPOPROSTENOL. Found in nearly all mammalian tissue.. 6-oxoprostaglandin F1alpha : A prostaglandin Falpha that is prostaglandin F1alpha bearing a keto substituent at the 6-position.		2.0210prostaglandins Falphahuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
thromboxane b2
Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.		2.0210thromboxanes Bhuman metabolite;
mouse metabolite
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		2.0210aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
veratridine
Veratridine: A benzoate-cevane found in VERATRUM and Schoenocaulon. It activates SODIUM CHANNELS to stay open longer than normal.		1.9710
sodium glutamate
Sodium Glutamate: One of the FLAVORING AGENTS used to impart a meat-like flavor.. monosodium glutamate : An organic sodium salt that is the monosodium salt of glutamic acid.		210monosodium glutamateflavouring agent
omega-agatoxin iva
omega-Agatoxin IVA: A neuropeptide toxin from the venom of the funnel web spider, Agelenopsis aperta. It inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, P-TYPE by altering the voltage-dependent gating so that very large depolarizations are needed for channel opening. It also inhibits CALCIUM CHANNELS, Q-TYPE.		1.9810
cyclosporine
Cyclosporine: A cyclic undecapeptide from an extract of soil fungi. It is a powerful immunosupressant with a specific action on T-lymphocytes. It is used for the prophylaxis of graft rejection in organ and tissue transplantation. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed).		2.0110
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Plasmodium falciparum Malaria
[description not available]		02.110
Malaria, Falciparum
Malaria caused by PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM. This is the severest form of malaria and is associated with the highest levels of parasites in the blood. This disease is characterized by irregularly recurring febrile paroxysms that in extreme cases occur with acute cerebral, renal, or gastrointestinal manifestations.		02.110
Hepatocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		02.7220
Cancer of Liver
[description not available]		02.7220
Angiogenesis, Pathologic
[description not available]		02.3110
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.		02.7220
Liver Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.		02.7220
Colitis Gravis
[description not available]		02.4110
Disease Models, Animal
Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.		02.5320
Colitis
Inflammation of the COLON section of the large intestine (INTESTINE, LARGE), usually with symptoms such as DIARRHEA (often with blood and mucus), ABDOMINAL PAIN, and FEVER.		07.4110
Colitis, Ulcerative
Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.		02.4110
Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
A carcinoma that originates usually from cells on the surface of the middle and lower third of the ESOPHAGUS. Tumor cells exhibit typical squamous morphology and form large polypoid lesions. Mutations in RNF6, LZTS1, TGFBR2, DEC1, and WWOX1 genes are associated with this cancer.		07.920
Cancer of Esophagus
[description not available]		02.920
Esophageal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.		02.920
Carcinogenesis
The origin, production or development of cancer through genotypic and phenotypic changes which upset the normal balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Carcinogenesis generally requires a constellation of steps, which may occur quickly or over a period of many years.		02.2510
Cancer of Lung
[description not available]		02.2510
Lung Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.		02.2510
Disease Exacerbation
[description not available]		02.3110
Cardiac Hypertrophy
Enlargement of the HEART due to chamber HYPERTROPHY, an increase in wall thickness without an increase in the number of cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC). It is the result of increase in myocyte size, mitochondrial and myofibrillar mass, as well as changes in extracellular matrix.		02.0510
Cardiomegaly
Enlargement of the HEART, usually indicated by a cardiothoracic ratio above 0.50. Heart enlargement may involve the right, the left, or both HEART VENTRICLES or HEART ATRIA. Cardiomegaly is a nonspecific symptom seen in patients with chronic systolic heart failure (HEART FAILURE) or several forms of CARDIOMYOPATHIES.		02.0510
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		0210
Cerebral Ischemia
[description not available]		02.4120
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion
[description not available]		02.0210
Brain Ischemia
Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.		02.4120
Reperfusion Injury
Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.		02.0210
Blood Clot
[description not available]		02.0210
Thrombosis
Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.		02.0210
Arrhythmia
[description not available]		01.9810
Arrhythmias, Cardiac
Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.		01.9810
Ischemia
A hypoperfusion of the BLOOD through an organ or tissue caused by a PATHOLOGIC CONSTRICTION or obstruction of its BLOOD VESSELS, or an absence of BLOOD CIRCULATION.		02.3920
Aura
[description not available]		01.9910
Epilepsy
A disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of paroxysmal brain dysfunction due to a sudden, disorderly, and excessive neuronal discharge. Epilepsy classification systems are generally based upon: (1) clinical features of the seizure episodes (e.g., motor seizure), (2) etiology (e.g., post-traumatic), (3) anatomic site of seizure origin (e.g., frontal lobe seizure), (4) tendency to spread to other structures in the brain, and (5) temporal patterns (e.g., nocturnal epilepsy). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p313)		01.9910
Absence Seizure
[description not available]		01.9710
Seizures
Clinical or subclinical disturbances of cortical function due to a sudden, abnormal, excessive, and disorganized discharge of brain cells. Clinical manifestations include abnormal motor, sensory and psychic phenomena. Recurrent seizures are usually referred to as EPILEPSY or seizure disorder.		01.9710
Muscle Contraction
A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.		01.9710