| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 44465 |
| CHEMBL ID | 1901818 |
| CHEBI ID | 81895 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 434574 |
| MeSH ID | M0120095 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| bromethalin bait |
| n-methyl-2,4-dinitro-n-2,4,6-tribromophenyl(-6)trifluoromethylbenzeneamine |
| hsdb 6570 |
| epa pesticide chemical code 112802 |
| bromethalin [ansi:bsi:iso] |
| alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-n-methyl-4,6-dinitro-n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-o-toluidine |
| n-methyl-2,4-dinitro-n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)benzenamine |
| bromethalin |
| vengeance |
| benzenamine, 2,4-dinitro-n-methyl-n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)- |
| bromethaline [iso-french] |
| 4,6-dinitro-n-methyl-n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-o-toluidine |
| el 614 |
| caswell no. 561bb |
| bromethaline |
| o-toluidine, 4,6-dinitro-n-methyl-n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro- |
| lilly 126714 |
| benzenamine, n-methyl-2,4-dinitro-n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)- |
| brn 3077059 |
| gold crest vengeance |
| NCGC00163743-01 |
| n-methyl-2,4-dinitro-n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)aniline |
| C18697 |
| 63333-35-7 |
| unii-gm59mth1fs |
| gm59mth1fs , |
| bromethalin [mi] |
| gladiator rodenticide |
| bromethalin [iso] |
| bromethalin [hsdb] |
| n-methyl-2,4-dinitro- n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl) aniline |
| CS-3312 |
| HY-17526 |
| SCHEMBL434574 |
| CHEMBL1901818 |
| chebi:81895 , |
| DTXSID8032590 |
| bromethalin, pestanal(r), analytical standard |
| bromethalin 100 microg/ml in cyclohexane |
| Q421626 |
| benzenamine,n-methyl-2,4-dinitro-n-(2,4,6-tribromophenyl)-6-(trifluoromethyl)- |
| AMY39143 |
| A917577 |
| usmzpyxtvkayst-uhfffaoysa-n |
| AKOS040750915 |
Bromethalin is an increasingly used alternative to long-acting anticoagulant and cholecalciferol rodenticides. It is visually indistinguishable from many other rodenticides, making identification of poisonings by appearance alone nearly impossible.
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Bromethalin is a widely used neurotoxic rodenticide sometimes affecting nontarget wildlife. " | ( Neuropathology of feral conures with bromethalin toxicosis. Hassan, SM; Howerth, EW; McManamon, R; Reavill, D; Ritchie, BW; Seguel, M; Van Sant, F, 2022) | 2.44 |
| "Bromethalin is a neurotoxicant with unusual instability and chromatographic behavior that make it difficult to analyze by gas chromatography (GC) in forensic examination of non-target animal deaths. " | ( Characterization of Bromethalin and its Degradation Products in Veterinary Toxicology Samples by GC-MS-MS. Bokhart, M; Buchweitz, J; Johnson, M; Lehner, A, 2019) | 2.28 |
| "Bromethalin is a potent neurotoxin capable of inducing fatal cerebral edema in companion animals. " | ( Bromethalin. Peterson, ME, 2013) | 3.28 |
| "Bromethalin is a rodenticide that is visually indistinguishable from many other rodenticides, making identification of poisonings by appearance alone nearly impossible." | ( Bromethalin poisoning in a raccoon (Procyon lotor): diagnostic considerations and relevance to nontarget wildlife. Bautista, AC; Filigenzi, MS; Puschner, B; Woods, LW, 2014) | 2.57 |
| "Bromethalin is an increasingly used alternative to long-acting anticoagulant and cholecalciferol rodenticides. " | ( Human bromethalin exposures reported to a U.S. Statewide Poison Control System. Fenik, Y; Geller, RJ; Huntington, S; Vohra, R, 2016) | 2.36 |
| "Bromethalin is a central nervous system toxin currently incorporated into several different rodenticides. " | ( Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy for Bromethalin Toxicity in a Dog. Heggem-Perry, B; McMichael, M; Moran, C; O'Brien, M, ) | 1.84 |
| "Bromethalin is a neurotoxin found in some rodenticides. " | ( Fatal bromethalin poisoning. Dorman, DC; Krell, WS; Pasquale-Styles, MA; Schmidt, CJ; Shah, AK; Sochaski, MA, 2006) | 2.26 |
| "Bromethalin is a new rodenticide for the control of commensal rodents. " | ( The toxicity and mechanism of action of bromethalin: a new single-feeding rodenticide. Cherry, LD; van Lier, RB, 1988) | 1.99 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Bromethalin has no known antidote and tends to deposit in fat." | ( Intravenous Lipid Emulsion Therapy for Bromethalin Toxicity in a Dog. Heggem-Perry, B; McMichael, M; Moran, C; O'Brien, M, ) | 1.12 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Treatment of bromethalin-dosed rats (10/group) with EGB was associated with a statistically significant (P less than 0.05) decrease in clinical sign severity, compared with bromethalin-dosed saline solution-treated rats." | ( Effects of an extract of Gingko biloba on bromethalin-induced cerebral lipid peroxidation and edema in rats. Buck, WB; Côté, LM; Dorman, DC, 1992) | 0.9 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Doses in excess of the LD50 (2 mg/kg in rats) will cause death within 8-12 hr and it is preceded by one to three episodes of clonic convulsions with death usually due to respiratory arrest." | ( The toxicity and mechanism of action of bromethalin: a new single-feeding rodenticide. Cherry, LD; van Lier, RB, 1988) | 0.54 |
A 2-year-old dog presented with rapid onset of severe muscle tremors and death within hours after a known ingestion of a reportedly low dosage of bromethalin. The use of activated charcoal possibly precipitated a hypernatremic status.
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Treatment relies heavily upon early emesis induction and prolonged decontamination with pulse dosing of activated charcoal." | ( Bromethalin. Peterson, ME, 2013) | 1.83 |
| "A 2-year-old dog presented with rapid onset of severe muscle tremors and death within hours after a known ingestion of a reportedly low dosage of bromethalin and subsequent decontamination using activated charcoal." | ( Atypical bromethalin intoxication in a dog: pathologic features and identification of an isomeric breakdown product. Bates, MC; Buchweitz, JP; Heggem-Perry, B; Lehner, AF; Lezmi, S; Roady, P, 2015) | 1.03 |
| "The severity of clinical signs and subsequent death of this dog was not expected with the low dosage of bromethalin reportedly ingested, and the use of activated charcoal possibly precipitated a hypernatremic status." | ( Atypical bromethalin intoxication in a dog: pathologic features and identification of an isomeric breakdown product. Bates, MC; Buchweitz, JP; Heggem-Perry, B; Lehner, AF; Lezmi, S; Roady, P, 2015) | 1.05 |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| C-nitro compound | A nitro compound having the nitro group (-NO2) attached to a carbon atom. |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average (µ) | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR protein | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 16.0992 | 0.0002 | 21.2231 | 8,912.5098 | AID588515; AID588516 |
| glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens] | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 5.7732 | 0.0002 | 14.3764 | 60.0339 | AID588532; AID588533 |
| retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.2303 | 0.0008 | 17.5051 | 59.3239 | AID588544; AID588546 |
| farnesoid X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 15.8489 | 0.3758 | 27.4851 | 61.6524 | AID588526 |
| pregnane X nuclear receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 1.2589 | 0.0054 | 28.0263 | 1,258.9301 | AID720659 |
| estrogen nuclear receptor alpha | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 17.2467 | 0.0002 | 29.3054 | 16,493.5996 | AID588513; AID588514 |
| peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.9150 | 0.0010 | 24.5048 | 61.6448 | AID588534; AID588535 |
| peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 6.3096 | 0.0010 | 19.4141 | 70.9645 | AID588536 |
| vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 25.1189 | 0.0237 | 23.2282 | 63.5986 | AID588541 |
| thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 9.8344 | 0.0100 | 39.5371 | 1,122.0200 | AID588545; AID588547 |
| nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 35.4813 | 4.4668 | 24.8329 | 44.6684 | AID651749 |
| nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 5.4483 | 0.0006 | 27.2152 | 1,122.0200 | AID651741 |
| Cellular tumor antigen p53 | Homo sapiens (human) | Potency | 3.1623 | 0.0023 | 19.5956 | 74.0614 | AID651743 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 3 (10.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 5 (16.67) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 3 (10.00) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 13 (43.33) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 6 (20.00) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (67.37) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 6 (17.65%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 10 (29.41%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 1 (2.94%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 17 (50.00%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||