Page last updated: 2024-12-07

fluazinam

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Description

Fluazinam is a fungicide used to control a wide range of fungal diseases on various crops, including rice, vegetables, and fruits. It is a broad-spectrum fungicide that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of melanin, a pigment that is essential for fungal growth and development. Fluazinam is highly effective against diseases caused by the fungal pathogens *Pyricularia oryzae* (rice blast), *Magnaporthe grisea* (rice blast), and *Botrytis cinerea* (gray mold). Fluazinam has been studied extensively for its environmental fate, toxicity, and effects on non-target organisms. It is considered to have low toxicity to mammals, birds, and aquatic organisms. However, it can be persistent in the environment and may have negative impacts on beneficial insects. Fluazinam is still under investigation for its potential effects on human health. The synthesis of fluazinam involves a complex multi-step process that starts with the reaction of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile with 2,6-dimethyl-4-pyrone. Fluazinam is important for the control of fungal diseases on crops and plays a significant role in ensuring food security. Its broad spectrum of activity, effectiveness, and relatively low toxicity to mammals make it a valuable tool for farmers. Further research is ongoing to better understand the environmental fate and potential health impacts of fluazinam.'

fluazinam: structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

fluazinam : A member of the class of aminopyridines that is 2-amino-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridine in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl group. A fungicide used to control grey mould, downy mildew and other fungal pathogens. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID91731
CHEMBL ID1878267
CHEBI ID81843
SCHEMBL ID22373
MeSH IDM0204057

Synonyms (67)

Synonym
shirlan flow
2-pyridinamine, 3-chloro-n-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-
asc 66825
pp 192
shirlan (zeneca)
frowncide
3-chloro-n-(5-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridinamine
fluazinam [iso]
hsdb 7264
ikf 1216
asc 67178
NCGC00163725-01
3-chloro-n-[3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-amine
fluazinam
79622-59-6
NCGC00163725-02
inchi=1/c13h4cl2f6n4o4/c14-6-1-4(12(16,17)18)3-22-11(6)23-9-7(24(26)27)2-5(13(19,20)21)8(15)10(9)25(28)29/h1-3h,(h,22,23)
uzcgkgpekucdtf-uhfffaoysa-
3-chloro-n-[3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)p
3-chloro-n-[3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinamine
3-chloranyl-n-[3-chloranyl-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-amine
A839728
NCGC00163725-04
NCGC00163725-03
fluaziname
C18578
NCGC00255075-01
cas-79622-59-6
tox21_301177
dtxcid5012551
dtxsid7032551 ,
mapro
altima
0p91pck33q ,
unii-0p91pck33q
sekoya
n-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyl)-2,6-dinitro-3-chloro-4-trifluoromethylaniline
3-chloro-n-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridylamine
FT-0630873
AKOS015895939
CHEMBL1878267
chebi:81843 ,
F0869
SCHEMBL22373
fluazinam [mi]
ikf-1216
3-chloro-n-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinamine
fluazinam [hsdb]
3-chloro-n-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyl)-.alpha.,.alpha.,.alpha.-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine
pp-192
ici-a-192
3-chloro-n-(3-chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-pyridyl)-alpha,alpha,alpha-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-p-toluidine
3-chlor-n-[3-chlor-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluormethyl)phenyl]-5-(trifluormethyl)-2-pyridinamin
KS-5367
AC-8413
fluazinam, pestanal(r), analytical standard
fluazinam 10 microg/ml in cyclohexane
3-chloro-n-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-amine
3-chloro-n-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl]-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)aniline
fluazinam3-chloro-n-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)pheyl)5-trifluoropyridin-2-amine
F21449
fluazinam;3-chloro-n-(3-chloro-2,6-dinitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-2-pyridinamine
Q2202504
mfcd00214168
AMY22443
CS-0013909
HY-B1839

Research Excerpts

Overview

Fluazinam is a pyridinamine fungicide that induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in cells, and it has been reported to be neurotoxic. It is a widely used pesticide employed against the fungal disease late blight in potato cultivation.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Fluazinam is a fungicide that is used to control fungal diseases, and its dissipation and residue in citrus fruits should be studied."( Dissipation of fluazinam in citrus groves and a risk assessment for its dietary intake.
Fan, S; Liu, C; Tan, Z; Wen, Y; Zhao, J, 2020
)
1.63
"Fluazinam is a widely used fungicide; most of the available information associated with its impact predominately on birds, invertebrates, mammals, and algae and scarce works studied its impact on crop plants. "( The phyto-impact of fluazinam fungicide on cellular structure, agro-physiological, and yield traits of pepper and eggplant crops.
Dawood, MFA; Wardany, AA; Younes, NA, 2020
)
2.32
"Fluazinam (FZN) is a dinitroaniline fungicide. "( Acute toxicity of fluazinam to aquatic organisms and its bioaccumulation in Brachydanio rerio.
Bu, Y; Kong, D; Li, J; Shan, Z; Wu, W; Zhang, W, 2020
)
2.33
"Fluazinam is an effective fungicide in controlling gray mold, but has short duration of efficacy. "( Encapsulation of fluazinam to extend efficacy duration in controlling Botrytis cinerea on cucumber.
Hao, J; Liu, P; Liu, Q; Liu, X; Wang, B; Xu, Y, 2021
)
2.4
"Fluazinam is a pyridinamine fungicide that induces oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage in cells, and it has been reported to be neurotoxic. "( Fluazinam impairs oxidative phosphorylation and induces hyper/hypo-activity in a dose specific manner in zebrafish larvae.
Huang, T; Martyniuk, CJ; Souders, CL; Su, LM; Wang, XH; Zhao, YH; Zheng, SS, 2018
)
3.37
"Fluazinam is a widely used pesticide employed against the fungal disease late blight in potato cultivation. "( High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as a tool for monitoring the fate of fluazinam in soil.
Hakala, KP; Hartikainen, H; Tuomainen, PM; Yli-Halla, MJ, 2014
)
2.07
"Fluazinam (FZN) is a preventative fungicide from the pyridinamine group that was introduced in the 1990 s and that quickly established itself as a new standard for the control of blight caused by Phytophthora infestans in potatoes."( Fluazinam-induced apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells is mediated by p53 and Bcl-2 family proteins.
Hyun, DH; Kang, JS; Koh, HC; Lee, JE; Lee, KS; Lee, SJ; Shin, IC, 2011
)
2.53
"Fluazinam (FZN) is a new active ingredient for the control of grey mould, belonging to the novel broad spectrum phenylpyridinamine fungicides."( Fluazinam targets mitochondrial complex I to induce reactive oxygen species-dependent cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells.
Kang, JS; Ki, YW; Koh, HC; Lee, JE; Park, JH; Shin, IC, 2012
)
2.54
"Fluazinam was shown to be a strong sensitizer under these circumstances."( Contact dermatitis due to a new fungicide used in the tulip bulb industry.
Bruynzeel, DP; Tafelkruijer, J; Wilks, MF, 1995
)
1.01

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Increasing application dosage may cause phytotoxicity."( Encapsulation of fluazinam to extend efficacy duration in controlling Botrytis cinerea on cucumber.
Hao, J; Liu, P; Liu, Q; Liu, X; Wang, B; Xu, Y, 2021
)
0.96
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (5)

RoleDescription
apoptosis inducerAny substance that induces the process of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in multi-celled organisms.
allergenA chemical compound, or part thereof, which causes the onset of an allergic reaction by interacting with any of the molecular pathways involved in an allergy.
xenobioticA xenobiotic (Greek, xenos "foreign"; bios "life") is a compound that is foreign to a living organism. Principal xenobiotics include: drugs, carcinogens and various compounds that have been introduced into the environment by artificial means.
environmental contaminantAny minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects.
antifungal agrochemicalAny substance used in acriculture, horticulture, forestry, etc. for its fungicidal properties.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (6)

ClassDescription
C-nitro compoundA nitro compound having the nitro group (-NO2) attached to a carbon atom.
chloropyridineCompounds containing a pyridine nucleus substituted with one or more chlorine atoms.
aminopyridineCompounds containing a pyridine skeleton substituted by one or more amine groups.
secondary amino compoundA compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing two hydrogen atoms by organyl groups.
monochlorobenzenesAny member of the class of chlorobenzenes containing a mono- or poly-substituted benzene ring in which only one substituent is chlorine.
(trifluoromethyl)benzenesAn organofluorine compound that is (trifluoromethyl)benzene and derivatives arising from substitution of one or more of the phenyl hydrogens.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (49)

Potency Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverage (µ)Min (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
LuciferasePhotinus pyralis (common eastern firefly)Potency89.35840.007215.758889.3584AID1224835
thioredoxin reductaseRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency25.11890.100020.879379.4328AID588453
pregnane X receptorRattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency44.66840.025127.9203501.1870AID651751
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunitHomo sapiens (human)Potency5.32693.189029.884159.4836AID1224846; AID1224894
RAR-related orphan receptor gammaMus musculus (house mouse)Potency1.57940.006038.004119,952.5996AID1159521; AID1159523
SMAD family member 2Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.61360.173734.304761.8120AID1346859; AID1346924
SMAD family member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency5.61360.173734.304761.8120AID1346859; AID1346924
TDP1 proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.06260.000811.382244.6684AID686978; AID686979
GLI family zinc finger 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency3.46040.000714.592883.7951AID1259369; AID1259392
AR proteinHomo sapiens (human)Potency6.52460.000221.22318,912.5098AID1259243; AID1259247; AID588515; AID743035; AID743036; AID743042; AID743053; AID743054; AID743063
Smad3Homo sapiens (human)Potency1.77830.00527.809829.0929AID588855
PINK1Homo sapiens (human)Potency2.51192.818418.895944.6684AID624263
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)Homo sapiens (human)Potency30.84110.000657.913322,387.1992AID1259377; AID1259378
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3Homo sapiens (human)Potency14.77090.001022.650876.6163AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893
progesterone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.49190.000417.946075.1148AID1346784; AID1346795
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]Homo sapiens (human)Potency40.04310.000214.376460.0339AID588532; AID588533; AID720691; AID720692; AID720719
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.53460.003041.611522,387.1992AID1159552; AID1159553; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.98840.000817.505159.3239AID1159527; AID1159531; AID588544; AID588546
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency0.85100.001530.607315,848.9004AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
farnesoid X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency46.33650.375827.485161.6524AID588526; AID743217; AID743220; AID743239
pregnane X nuclear receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency8.63490.005428.02631,258.9301AID1346982
estrogen nuclear receptor alphaHomo sapiens (human)Potency45.42520.000229.305416,493.5996AID1259244; AID1259248; AID588513; AID743069; AID743075; AID743077; AID743078; AID743079; AID743080; AID743091
67.9K proteinVaccinia virusPotency11.90470.00018.4406100.0000AID720579; AID720580
ParkinHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.51190.819914.830644.6684AID624263
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor deltaHomo sapiens (human)Potency16.85620.001024.504861.6448AID588535; AID743212; AID743215; AID743227
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gammaHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.10320.001019.414170.9645AID588536; AID743094; AID743140; AID743191
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency12.28720.023723.228263.5986AID588541; AID743223
aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency39.07220.000723.06741,258.9301AID651777; AID743085; AID743122
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency2.73060.001723.839378.1014AID743083
thyroid stimulating hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency48.08270.001628.015177.1139AID1224843; AID1224895; AID1259385; AID1259395
activating transcription factor 6Homo sapiens (human)Potency41.23840.143427.612159.8106AID1159516; AID1159519
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptorHomo sapiens (human)Potency15.10950.154917.870243.6557AID1346877
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_aHomo sapiens (human)Potency19.191519.739145.978464.9432AID1159509; AID1159518
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.49380.057821.109761.2679AID1159526
Histone H2A.xCricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency30.51680.039147.5451146.8240AID1224845; AID1224896
Caspase-7Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency27.30600.006723.496068.5896AID1346980
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency24.03530.010039.53711,122.0200AID588545; AID588547
caspase-3Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)Potency27.30600.006723.496068.5896AID1346980
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency6.03610.000323.4451159.6830AID743065; AID743066; AID743067
heat shock protein beta-1Homo sapiens (human)Potency16.16240.042027.378961.6448AID743210; AID743228
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency44.66844.466824.832944.6684AID651749
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform aHomo sapiens (human)Potency21.33491.199814.641950.1187AID720540
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency4.29540.000627.21521,122.0200AID651741; AID743202; AID743219
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)Homo sapiens (human)Potency11.22020.050127.073689.1251AID588590
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunitMus musculus (house mouse)Potency24.33650.001557.789015,848.9004AID1259244
Cellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.39490.002319.595674.0614AID651631; AID651743; AID720552
Glutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)Potency24.33650.001551.739315,848.9004AID1259244
Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)Potency1.77830.56239.398525.1189AID652106
C-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)Potency19.01480.30149.321019.0148AID720541
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (200)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
autophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage responseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrestCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transductionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein localizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replicationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespanCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substanceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-rayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expressionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
viral processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signalingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomeraseCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UVCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growthCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeabilityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiodCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repairCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodelingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IICellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibioticCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behaviorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ developmentCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organizationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell deathCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assemblyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stressCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-CCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin DCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondriaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosisCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediatorCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcriptionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transitionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvateCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shuntCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxiaCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic processCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferationCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescenceCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathwayCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
calcium ion homeostasisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
microglial cell activationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of receptor recyclingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neurotransmitter secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of protein kinase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
fatty acid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neutral lipid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid metabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial membrane organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
adult locomotory behaviorAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to iron(II) ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of phospholipase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of platelet-derived growth factor receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of glutamate secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of dopamine secretionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle primingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transmembrane transporter activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of microtubule polymerizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
receptor internalizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein destabilizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to magnesium ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transporter activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to lipopolysaccharideAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of monooxygenase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to type II interferonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to oxidative stressAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
SNARE complex assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of SNARE complex assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of locomotionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial ATP synthesis coupled electron transportAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of macrophage activationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuron apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of endocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of exocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle endocytosisAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle transportAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory responseAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of acyl-CoA biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosolAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of dopamine uptake involved in synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of serotonin uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of norepinephrine uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of norepinephrine uptakeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
excitatory postsynaptic potentialAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
long-term synaptic potentiationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of thrombin-activated receptor signaling pathwayAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
response to interleukin-1Alpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to copper ionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to epinephrine stimulusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
supramolecular fiber organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinoneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of glutathione peroxidase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide catabolic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic vesicle recyclingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of reactive oxygen species biosynthetic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein localization to cell peripheryAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of chaperone-mediated autophagyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of presynapse assemblyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
amyloid fibril formationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synapse organizationAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmissionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphorylationC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferationC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
viral genome replicationC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle endocytosisC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
white fat cell differentiationC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycleC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle clusteringC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (63)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specificCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protease bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
p53 bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activityCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin bindingCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
fatty acid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipase D inhibitor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
SNARE bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
magnesium ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
actin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein kinase inhibitor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
copper ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
calcium ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phospholipid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
ferrous iron bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
zinc ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
lipid bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
kinesin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
Hsp70 protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
histone bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
alpha-tubulin bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic processAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
tau protein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
phosphoprotein bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
molecular adaptor activityAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
dynein complex bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cuprous ion bindingAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
transcription corepressor bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription corepressor activityC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
oxidoreductase activity, acting on the CH-OH group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptorC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
protein domain specific bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
NAD bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator activityC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription coregulator bindingC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (39)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nuclear bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
replication forkCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulumCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
centrosomeCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
cytosolCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrixCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
PML bodyCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand breakCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleusCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
chromatinCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexCellular tumor antigen p53Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneGlutamate receptor 2Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
platelet alpha granule membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular regionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
extracellular spaceAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
mitochondrionAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
lysosomeAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
plasma membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cell cortexAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
actin cytoskeletonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
inclusion bodyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
axonAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
growth coneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
synaptic vesicle membraneAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
postsynapseAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
supramolecular fiberAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
axon terminusAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
neuronal cell bodyAlpha-synucleinHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic componentC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
glutamatergic synapseC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
GABA-ergic synapseC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complexC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
nucleusC-terminal-binding protein 1Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Research

Studies (36)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's3 (8.33)18.2507
2000's3 (8.33)29.6817
2010's18 (50.00)24.3611
2020's12 (33.33)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 41.15

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index41.15 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.64 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.33 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index87.80 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index3.08 (0.95)

This Compound (41.15)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies1 (2.70%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other36 (97.30%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]