lauryl gallate profile

Lauryl gallate is an ester of lauric acid and gallic acid. It is a white to off-white crystalline powder that is insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone. Lauryl gallate is a naturally occurring compound found in plants such as nutmeg and cinnamon. It is also produced synthetically. Lauryl gallate is an antioxidant that has been shown to have a number of beneficial effects, including protecting against oxidative stress and inflammation. It has also been shown to have antimicrobial and anticancer activity. Lauryl gallate is used as a food additive to prevent rancidity and extend the shelf life of food products. It is also used as a cosmetic ingredient to protect skin from sun damage. Lauryl gallate is being studied for its potential therapeutic applications, such as treating cancer and inflammatory diseases.'

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	14425
CHEMBL ID	16121
CHEBI ID	175304
SCHEMBL ID	36820
MeSH ID	M0051953

Synonym
BIDD:ER0314
45612dy463 ,
unii-45612dy463
dodecylester kyseliny gallove
4-10-00-02006 (beilstein handbook reference)
CHEBI:175304
dodecyl gallate
lauryl 3,5-trihydroxybenzoate
progallin la
nsc-133463
wln: qr bq cq evo12
nsc133463
gallic acid, lauryl ester
nipagallin la
1166-52-5
lauryl gallate ,
gallic acid, dodecyl ester
benzoic acid,4,5-trihydroxy-, dodecyl ester
149030-04-6
benzoic acid, 3,4,5-trihydroxy-, dodecyl ester
dodecyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
antioxidant e 312
e-312 antioxidant
einecs 214-620-6
dodecylester kyseliny gallove [czech]
ccris 5568
brn 2701981
e 312 antioxidant
antioxidant e-312
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, dodecyl ester
lauryl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
nsc 133463
n-dodecyl gallate
lauryl gallate, antioxidant, >=99.0% (hplc)
bdbm50093887
3,4,5-trihydroxy-benzoic acid dodecyl ester
AKOS001482340
gallic acid lauryl ester
n-dodecylgallate
CHEMBL16121 ,
e312
gallic acid dodecyl ester
G0015
dodecyl 3,4,5-tris(oxidanyl)benzoate
A803659
3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid dodecyl ester
cas-1166-52-5
dtxcid5028164
dtxsid0048189 ,
NCGC00257297-01
tox21_303487
tox21_202724
NCGC00260272-01
FT-0626593
S6229
ins no.312
ins-312
e-312
dodecyl ester of gallic acid
dodecyl gallate [ep monograph]
n-dodecyl (or lauryl) ester of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid
dodecyl gallate [inci]
dodecyl gallate [mart.]
SCHEMBL36820
gallic acid n-dodecyl ester
gallic acid, n-dodecyl ester
W-108577
mfcd00002195
GS-3008
lauryl gallate, analytical reference material
dodecyl gallate, european pharmacopoeia (ep) reference standard
lauryl gallate(dodecyl gallate)
dodecylgallat
dodecyl-3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
gallic acid, dodecyl ester (8ci)
dodecyl gallate; dodecyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate
gallic acid-dodecyl ester
BCP15874
Q418209
SY048252
D70249
CS-0084125
HY-124082

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Lauryl gallate (LG) is an antioxidant agent. "	( Properties of Artificial Phospholipid Membranes Containing Lauryl Gallate or Cholesterol. Jurak, M; Mroczka, R; Łopucki, R, 2018)	2.17
"Lauryl gallate (LG) is a gallic acid derivative that has been widely used as an antioxidant food additive. "	( Mechanistic aspects of lauryl gallate-induced differentiation and apoptosis in human acute myeloid leukemia cells. Han, SM; Hsu, SL; Hsueh, CM; Hwang, WL; Teng, CL; Tsai, JR; Wu, WC, 2014)	2.16
"Lauryl gallate is a powerful antiviral agent against several pathogens of clinical and veterinary importance. "	( Antiviral activity of lauryl gallate against animal viruses. Bustos, MJ; Carrascosa, AL; González, ME; Gónzalez-Porqué, P; Granja, AG; Hurtado, C; Nogal, ML; Revilla, Y; Sabina, P, 2008)	2.1
"Lauryl gallate is an antioxidant food additive showing low toxicity to normal cells. "	( Inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis in human breast cancer cells by lauryl gallate. Arancia, G; Calcabrini, A; Crateri, P; García-Martínez, JM; González, L; González-Porqué, P; Lopez-Rivas, A; Martín-Pérez, J; Ortuño, MT; Tendero, MJ, 2006)	2

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" The 500 mg/kg GSH ester reduced hearing loss and OHC loss, but protection decreased as dosage increased, suggesting possible toxicity."	( Glutathione ester but not glutathione protects against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in a rat model. Campbell, KC; Hughes, LF; Larsen, DL; Meech, RP; Rybak, LP, 2003)	0.32

Class	Description
gallate ester	A benzoate ester that is any ester resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid) with an alcoholic or phenolic hydroxy group.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
acetylcholinesterase	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.6771	0.0025	41.7960	15,848.9004	AID1347397
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	29.9130	3.1890	29.8841	59.4836	AID1224846; AID1224894
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	2.2394	0.0060	38.0041	19,952.5996	AID1159521; AID1159523
SMAD family member 2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	55.0867	0.1737	34.3047	61.8120	AID1346859; AID1346924
SMAD family member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	55.0867	0.1737	34.3047	61.8120	AID1346859; AID1346924
GLI family zinc finger 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	5.7731	0.0007	14.5928	83.7951	AID1259368; AID1259369; AID1259392
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	33.6215	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID1259243; AID1259247; AID743035; AID743036; AID743042; AID743053; AID743054; AID743063
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	64.7241	0.0133	26.9810	70.7614	AID1346978
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	71.2652	0.0006	57.9133	22,387.1992	AID1259377; AID1259378
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	44.6053	0.0010	22.6508	76.6163	AID1224838; AID1224839; AID1224893
progesterone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	32.6161	0.0004	17.9460	75.1148	AID1346784; AID1346795
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	31.4124	0.0002	14.3764	60.0339	AID720691; AID720692; AID720719
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	0.4519	0.0030	41.6115	22,387.1992	AID1159552; AID1159553; AID1159555
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	34.8367	0.0008	17.5051	59.3239	AID1159527
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	8.7505	0.0015	30.6073	15,848.9004	AID1224841; AID1224842; AID1224848; AID1224849; AID1259401; AID1259403
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	51.7536	0.3758	27.4851	61.6524	AID743217; AID743220; AID743239
pregnane X nuclear receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	22.9591	0.0054	28.0263	1,258.9301	AID1346982
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	42.5127	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID1259244; AID1259248; AID1259383; AID743069; AID743075; AID743077; AID743078; AID743079; AID743080; AID743091
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	60.5450	0.0010	24.5048	61.6448	AID743212; AID743215; AID743227
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	56.1775	0.0010	19.4141	70.9645	AID743094; AID743140; AID743191
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	49.2971	0.0237	23.2282	63.5986	AID743222; AID743223
caspase-3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	64.7241	0.0133	26.9810	70.7614	AID1346978
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	28.9037	0.0017	23.8393	78.1014	AID743083
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	68.2843	0.0016	28.0151	77.1139	AID1259385
activating transcription factor 6	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	43.5682	0.1434	27.6121	59.8106	AID1159516; AID1159519
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	28.8587	19.7391	45.9784	64.9432	AID1159509; AID1159518
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	17.8884	0.0578	21.1097	61.2679	AID1159526; AID1159528
Histone H2A.x	Cricetulus griseus (Chinese hamster)	Potency	12.2260	0.0391	47.5451	146.8240	AID1224845; AID1224896
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	2.4779	0.0003	23.4451	159.6830	AID743065; AID743067
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	76.6163	0.0376	17.0823	61.1927	AID1259364
heat shock protein beta-1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.2063	0.0420	27.3789	61.6448	AID743210; AID743228
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	48.6048	0.0006	27.2152	1,122.0200	AID743202; AID743219
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	Mus musculus (house mouse)	Potency	32.4389	0.0015	57.7890	15,848.9004	AID1259244
Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	64.7075	0.0023	19.5956	74.0614	AID651631; AID720552
Glutamate receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	Potency	32.4389	0.0015	51.7393	15,848.9004	AID1259244
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	28.9037	0.0119	17.9420	71.5630	AID651632
Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	28.9037	0.0119	12.2221	68.7989	AID651632
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Squalene monooxygenase	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0610	0.0610	2.3446	10.0000	AID204664; AID357307
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ER overload response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
in utero embryonic development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
somitogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell proliferation involved in immune response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell lineage commitment	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to ischemia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleotide-excision repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
double-strand break repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein import into nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
autophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in cell cycle arrest	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator resulting in transcription of p21 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
Ras protein signal transduction	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
gastrulation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of neuroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein localization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA replication	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
determination of adult lifespan	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
rRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to salt stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to inorganic substance	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to X-ray	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gene expression	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
viral process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cerebellum development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cell growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitotic G1 DNA damage checkpoint signaling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell differentiation in thymus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of tissue remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
multicellular organism growth	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to glucose starvation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
entrainment of circadian clock by photoperiod	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial DNA repair	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA damage response, signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription initiation-coupled chromatin remodeling	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of proteolysis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription preinitiation complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
response to antibiotic	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of fibroblast proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
circadian behavior	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
bone marrow development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
embryonic organ development	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein stabilization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of helicase activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein tetramerization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromosome organization	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell cycle	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
hematopoietic stem cell differentiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glial cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
type II interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cardiac septum morphogenesis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of programmed necrotic cell death	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex assembly	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
necroptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to ionizing radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gamma radiation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to UV-C	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to actinomycin D	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of release of cytochrome c from mitochondria	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replicative senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oxidative stress-induced premature senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
oligodendrocyte apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of execution phase of apoptosis	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of mitophagy	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability involved in apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway by p53 class mediator	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of miRNA transcription	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of G1 to G0 transition	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of miRNA processing	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of glucose catabolic process to lactate via pyruvate	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of pentose-phosphate shunt	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to hypoxia	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of fibroblast apoptotic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of stem cell proliferation	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cellular senescence	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cell population proliferation	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of B cell proliferation	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear DNA replication	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
signal transduction in response to DNA damage	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
isotype switching	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA replication	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloading	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage by p53 class mediator	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cell cycle G2/M phase transition	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of receptor internalization	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of translation	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA metabolic process	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
P-body assembly	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
stress granule assembly	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA transport	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
transcription cis-regulatory region binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
core promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription repressor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protease binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
p53 binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA 3'-UTR binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
copper ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
zinc ion binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
enzyme binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
receptor tyrosine kinase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase regulator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP-dependent DNA/DNA annealing activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
identical protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
histone deacetylase binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein phosphatase 2A binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
14-3-3 protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
MDM2/MDM4 family protein binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
disordered domain specific binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
general transcription initiation factor binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
molecular function activator activity	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
promoter-specific chromatin binding	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP hydrolysis activity	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA clamp unloader activity	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
DNA binding	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
RNA binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
epidermal growth factor receptor binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
mRNA binding	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
nuclear body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
replication fork	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleolus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrion	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
mitochondrial matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
centrosome	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
nuclear matrix	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
PML body	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription repressor complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
site of double-strand break	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
germ cell nucleus	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
chromatin	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complex	Cellular tumor antigen p53	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Glutamate receptor 2	Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)
Elg1 RFC-like complex	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
trans-Golgi network	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
ribonucleoprotein complex	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmic stress granule	Ataxin-2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (104)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID417964	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus flavus after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID363886	Induction of apoptosis in human HL60 cells at 10 uM in presence of Z-ATAD-FMK	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID164232	Antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID417969	Antimicrobial activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID1197638	Antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID122922	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID43627	Antimicrobial activity against Brevibacterium ammoniagenes was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID160377	Antimicrobial activity against Propionibacterium acnes was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID206849	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID205644	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID1197622	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells assessed as inhibition of cell proliferation	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID209599	Antimicrobial activity against Streptococcus mutans was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID160379	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID206850	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID37582	Inhibitory activity against Aspergillus niger was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1101855	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 7754 after 48 hr by microdilution method	2002	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Jul-03, Volume: 50, Issue:14	Molecular design of antifungal agents.
AID163210	Antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID40644	Inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID732060	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60	Alkyl esters of gallic acid as anticancer agents: a review.
AID1197648	Antiviral activity against feline herpesvirus	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID40768	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID417967	Antimicrobial activity against Epidermophyton floccosum after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID732047	Cytotoxicity against human CEM cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60	Alkyl esters of gallic acid as anticancer agents: a review.
AID47577	Antifungicidal activity against Candida albicans was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1197623	Antiviral activity against HCV genotype 1b I389luc-ubi-neo/NS3-3'/5.1 replicons infected in human Huh5-2 HCV subgenomic replicon-containing cells assessed as reduction in virus replication after 3 days by luciferase reporter gene assay	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID732045	Cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231 cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60	Alkyl esters of gallic acid as anticancer agents: a review.
AID363884	Induction of apoptosis in human HL60 cells assessed as DNA fragmentation at 10 uM after 6 hrs by agarose gel electrophoresis	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID209711	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID40950	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Bacillus thuringiensis	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID202863	Inhibitory activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID417962	Antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID1197624	Cytotoxicity against human Huh5-2 cells after 72 hrs by MTS assay	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID1128678	Cytotoxicity against mouse MM3MG cells after 48 hrs by neutral red assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 57, Issue:6	Antiproliferative and uncoupling effects of delocalized, lipophilic, cationic gallic acid derivatives on cancer cell lines. Validation in vivo in singenic mice.
AID417968	Antimicrobial activity against Trichophyton rubrum after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID1197645	Antiviral activity against influenza A virus (H1N1)	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID363889	Binding affinity to RNA	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID363882	Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells assessed as cell viability at 10 uM after 3 days	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID163400	Inhibitory activity against Proteus vulgaris was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID363887	Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells assessed as induction of gadd153 expression at 10 uM after 24 hrs by real-time PCR relative to control	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID363885	Induction of apoptosis in human HL60 cells assessed as activation of caspase 3/7 at 10 uM	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID1197640	Antiviral activity against RSV	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID43626	Inhibitory activity against Brevibacterium ammoniagenes was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID357307	Inhibition of C-terminal hexahistidine-tagged rat recombinant squalene epoxidase without N-terminal putative membrane domain expressed in Escherichia coli	2001	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 64, Issue:8	Ellagitannins and hexahydroxydiphenoyl esters as inhibitors of vertebrate squalene epoxidase.
AID1197647	Antiviral activity against feline coronavirus	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID122914	Antimicrobial activity against Micrococcus luteus was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID40949	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Bacillus thuringiensis; _ means Not tested	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID1128675	Cytotoxicity against mouse TA3/Ha cells after 48 hrs by neutral red assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 57, Issue:6	Antiproliferative and uncoupling effects of delocalized, lipophilic, cationic gallic acid derivatives on cancer cell lines. Validation in vivo in singenic mice.
AID37581	Antifungicidal activity against Aspergillus niger was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID47595	Inhibitory activity against Candida albicans was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID732050	Cytotoxicity against mouse B16F10 cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60	Alkyl esters of gallic acid as anticancer agents: a review.
AID220440	Inhibitory activity against Zygosaccharomyces bailii was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID209600	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID363888	Binding affinity to DNA	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID732048	Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210 cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60	Alkyl esters of gallic acid as anticancer agents: a review.
AID1197626	Selectivity index, ratio of CC50 for human Huh5-2 cells to EC50 for HCV genotype 1b	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID1197637	Antiviral activity against vaccinia virus	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID206730	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1101864	Drug uptake in Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC 7754 at 50 to 100 ug/ml after 5 seconds	2002	Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, Jul-03, Volume: 50, Issue:14	Molecular design of antifungal agents.
AID1197620	Antiviral activity against HIV1 3B infected in human CEM cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 to 5 days by microscopy based syncytium cell formation assay	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID1197642	Antiviral activity against reovirus	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID220439	Antifungicidal activity against Zygosaccharomyces bailii was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1197646	Antiviral activity against punta toro virus	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID209592	Inhibitory activity against Streptococcus mutans was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID69600	Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1197639	Antiviral activity against human coxsackievirus B4	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID40641	Antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID200352	Antimicrobial activity against Salmonella choleraesuis was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1197644	Antiviral activity against influenza A virus H3N2	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID67546	Antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID417961	Antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID122915	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Micrococcus luteus	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID417960	Antifungal activity against Candida tropicalis after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID202862	Antifungicidal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID43628	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Brevibacterium ammoniagenes	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID40642	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID122907	Inhibitory activity against Micrococcus luteus was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID70474	Inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID732053	Cytotoxicity against mouse WEHI231 cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60	Alkyl esters of gallic acid as anticancer agents: a review.
AID1128677	Cytotoxicity against human CCRF-CEM cells after 48 hrs by neutral red assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 57, Issue:6	Antiproliferative and uncoupling effects of delocalized, lipophilic, cationic gallic acid derivatives on cancer cell lines. Validation in vivo in singenic mice.
AID204664	Compound was evaluated for its inhibitory activity against recombinant rat SE(squalene epoxidase)	2000	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-20, Volume: 10, Issue:22	Inhibition of vertebrate squalene epoxidase by isoprenyl gallates and phenylalkyl gallates.
AID417966	Antimicrobial activity against Microsporum gypseum after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID417963	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus fumigatus after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID162793	Inhibitory activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1197649	Antiviral activity against chikungunya virus	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID206848	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against MRSA ATCC 33591, expressed as minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID417965	Antimicrobial activity against Aspergillus niger after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID1197641	Antiviral activity against human parainfluenza virus 3	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID67870	Inhibitory activity against Enterobacter aerogenes was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID205646	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID43629	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Brevibacterium ammoniagenes	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID1197621	Antiviral activity against HIV2 ROD infected in human CEM cells assessed as reduction in virus-induced cytopathicity after 4 to 5 days by microscopy based syncytium cell formation assay	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID160378	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID207247	Inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID226121	Inhibitory activity against Propionibacterium acnes was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID207502	Inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID363883	Induction of apoptosis in human HL60 cells assessed as DNA fragmentation at 100 uM after 6 hrs by agarose gel electrophoresis	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID207964	Compound was tested for antibacterial activity against MRSA ATCC 33591, expressed as aminimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)	2002	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jan-21, Volume: 12, Issue:2	Anti-MRSA activity of alkyl gallates.
AID200350	Inhibitory activity against Salmonella choleraesuis was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1197643	Antiviral activity against sindbis virus	2015	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-06, Volume: 92	Linear and branched alkyl-esters and amides of gallic acid and other (mono-, di- and tri-) hydroxy benzoyl derivatives as promising anti-HCV inhibitors.
AID417959	Antifungal activity against Candida albicans after 48 hrs by broth microdilution technique	2009	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Mar-15, Volume: 19, Issue:6	Relation between lipophilicity of alkyl gallates and antifungal activity against yeasts and filamentous fungi.
AID206847	Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was determined	2001	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-12, Volume: 11, Issue:3	Antifungal activity of octyl gallate: structural criteria and mode of action.
AID1128676	Cytotoxicity against mouse multidrug-resistant TA3-MTX-R cells after 48 hrs by neutral red assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 57, Issue:6	Antiproliferative and uncoupling effects of delocalized, lipophilic, cationic gallic acid derivatives on cancer cell lines. Validation in vivo in singenic mice.
AID363881	Antiproliferative activity against human HL60 cells after 3 days	2008	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, Sep-01, Volume: 16, Issue:17	Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities of alkyl gallate and gallamide derivatives related to (-)-epigallocatechin gallate.
AID732052	Cytotoxicity against mouse L929 cells	2013	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 60	Alkyl esters of gallic acid as anticancer agents: a review.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	2 (3.08)	18.7374
1990's	5 (7.69)	18.2507
2000's	29 (44.62)	29.6817
2010's	25 (38.46)	24.3611
2020's	4 (6.15)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	5 (7.14%)	6.00%
Case Studies	5 (7.14%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	60 (85.71%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
protocatechuic acid protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4.	2.01	1	catechols; dihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.	2.41	2	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; plant metabolite
acetone methyl ketone : A ketone of formula RC(=O)CH3 (R =/= H).	2.77	3	ketone body; methyl ketone; propanones; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; human metabolite; polar aprotic solvent
benzoic acid Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.	2.01	1	benzoic acids	algal metabolite; antimicrobial food preservative; drug allergen; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
betaine glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.	2.1	1	amino-acid betaine; glycine derivative	fundamental metabolite
gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.	7.68	62	trihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
dimethyl sulfoxide Dimethyl Sulfoxide: A highly polar organic liquid, that is used widely as a chemical solvent. Because of its ability to penetrate biological membranes, it is used as a vehicle for topical application of pharmaceuticals. It is also used to protect tissue during CRYOPRESERVATION. Dimethyl sulfoxide shows a range of pharmacological activity including analgesia and anti-inflammation.. dimethyl sulfoxide : A 2-carbon sulfoxide in which the sulfur atom has two methyl substituents.	2.17	1	sulfoxide; volatile organic compound	alkylating agent; antidote; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; MRI contrast agent; non-narcotic analgesic; polar aprotic solvent; radical scavenger
1-octanol 1-Octanol: A colorless, slightly viscous liquid used as a defoaming or wetting agent. It is also used as a solvent for protective coatings, waxes, and oils, and as a raw material for plasticizers. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). octan-1-ol : An octanol carrying the hydroxy group at position 1.	2.01	1	octanol; primary alcohol	antifungal agent; bacterial metabolite; fuel additive; kairomone; plant metabolite
propylene glycol Propylene Glycol: A clear, colorless, viscous organic solvent and diluent used in pharmaceutical preparations.. propane-1,2-diol : The simplest member of the class of propane-1,2-diols, consisting of propane in which a hydrogen at position 1 and a hydrogen at position 2 are substituted by hydroxy groups. A colourless, viscous, hygroscopic, low-melting (-59degreeC) and high-boiling (188degreeC) liquid with low toxicity, it is used as a solvent, emulsifying agent, and antifreeze.	2.03	1	glycol; propane-1,2-diols	allergen; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent
pyrogallol benzenetriol : A triol in which three hydroxy groups are substituted onto a benzene ring.	2.05	1	benzenetriol; phenolic donor	plant metabolite
uric acid Uric Acid: An oxidation product, via XANTHINE OXIDASE, of oxypurines such as XANTHINE and HYPOXANTHINE. It is the final oxidation product of purine catabolism in humans and primates, whereas in most other mammals URATE OXIDASE further oxidizes it to ALLANTOIN.. uric acid : An oxopurine that is the final oxidation product of purine metabolism.. 6-hydroxy-1H-purine-2,8(7H,9H)-dione : A tautomer of uric acid having oxo groups at C-2 and C-8 and a hydroxy group at C-6.. 7,9-dihydro-1H-purine-2,6,8(3H)-trione : An oxopurine in which the purine ring is substituted by oxo groups at positions 2, 6, and 8.	2.01	1	uric acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
menthol Menthol: A monoterpene cyclohexanol produced from mint oils.	1.98	1	p-menthane monoterpenoid; secondary alcohol	volatile oil component
carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone: A proton ionophore. It is commonly used as an uncoupling agent and inhibitor of photosynthesis because of its effects on mitochondrial and chloroplast membranes.. CCCP : A member of the class of monochlorobenzenes that is benzene substituted by 2-(1,3-dinitrilopropan-2-ylidene)hydrazinyl and chloro groups at positions 1 and 3, respectively. It is a mitochondrial depolarizing agent that induces reactive oxygen species mediated cell death.	2.1	1	hydrazone; monochlorobenzenes; nitrile	antibacterial agent; geroprotector; ionophore
carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone Carbonyl Cyanide p-Trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone: A proton ionophore that is commonly used as an uncoupling agent in biochemical studies.. carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenylhydrazone : A hydrazone that is hydrazonomalononitrile in which one of the hydrazine hydrogens is substituted by a p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl group.	2.1	1	aromatic ether; hydrazone; nitrile; organofluorine compound	ATP synthase inhibitor; geroprotector; ionophore
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	2.05	1	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
methenamine Methenamine: An anti-infective agent most commonly used in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Its anti-infective action derives from the slow release of formaldehyde by hydrolysis at acidic pH. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p173). hexamethylenetetramine : A polycyclic cage that is adamantane in which the carbon atoms at positions 1, 3, 5 and 7 are replaced by nitrogen atoms.	2.1	1	polyazaalkane; polycyclic cage; tetramine	antibacterial drug
propyl gallate Propyl Gallate: Antioxidant for foods, fats, oils, ethers, emulsions, waxes, and transformer oils.	5.57	13	trihydroxybenzoic acid
penicillin g Penicillin G: A penicillin derivative commonly used in the form of its sodium or potassium salts in the treatment of a variety of infections. It is effective against most gram-positive bacteria and against gram-negative cocci. It has also been used as an experimental convulsant because of its actions on GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID mediated synaptic transmission.. benzylpenicillin : A penicillin in which the substituent at position 6 of the penam ring is a phenylacetamido group.	2.02	1	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug; drug allergen; epitope
carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups.	2.15	1	chlorocarbon; chloromethanes	hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant
methicillin Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.	2.01	1	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
1,2-dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine: Synthetic phospholipid used in liposomes and lipid bilayers to study biological membranes. It is also a major constituent of PULMONARY SURFACTANTS.	2.53	2
cycloheximide Cycloheximide: Antibiotic substance isolated from streptomycin-producing strains of Streptomyces griseus. It acts by inhibiting elongation during protein synthesis.. cycloheximide : A dicarboximide that is 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperidine-2,6-dione in which one of the hydrogens attached to the carbon bearing the hydroxy group is replaced by a 3,5-dimethyl-2-oxocyclohexyl group. It is an antibiotic produced by the bacterium Streptomyces griseus.	2.01	1	antibiotic fungicide; cyclic ketone; dicarboximide; piperidine antibiotic; piperidones; secondary alcohol	anticoronaviral agent; bacterial metabolite; ferroptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; protein synthesis inhibitor
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	2.07	1	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
acetonitrile acetonitrile: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd. acetonitrile : A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a methyl group.	2.17	1	aliphatic nitrile; volatile organic compound	EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
rotenone Derris: A plant genus of the family FABACEAE. The root is a source of rotenoids (ROTENONE) and flavonoids. Some species of Pongamia have been reclassified to this genus and some to MILLETTIA. Some species of Deguelia have been reclassified to this genus.. rotenoid : Members of the class of tetrahydrochromenochromene that consists of a cis-fused tetrahydrochromeno[3,4-b]chromene skeleton and its substituted derivatives. The term was originally restricted to natural products, but is now also used to describe semi-synthetic and fully synthetic compounds.	2.1	1	organic heteropentacyclic compound; rotenones	antineoplastic agent; metabolite; mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone reductase inhibitor; phytogenic insecticide; piscicide; toxin
propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)	2	1	benzoate ester; paraben; phenols	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent
3-hydroxybenzoic acid 3-hydroxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid substituted by a hydroxy group at position 3. It has been isolated from Taxus baccata. It is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of plasticisers, resins, pharmaceuticals, etc.	2.01	1	monohydroxybenzoic acid	bacterial metabolite; plant metabolite
alpha-resorcylic acid alpha-resorcylic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 5.	2.01	1	dihydroxybenzoic acid; resorcinols	metabolite
methyl gallate methyl gallate: has both immunosuppressive and phytogenic antineoplastic activities; isolated from Acer saccharinum. methyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with methanol. It exhibits anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory properties.	2.43	2	gallate ester	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; plant metabolite
glyoxal [no description available]	2.17	1	dialdehyde	agrochemical; allergen; pesticide; plant growth regulator
1-hexanol 1-hexanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. hexanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of six carbon atoms.. hexan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is hexane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.	2.01	1	hexanol; primary alcohol	alarm pheromone; antibacterial agent; fragrance; plant metabolite
heptanol Heptanol: A colorless liquid with a fragrant odor. It is used as an intermediate, solvent and in cosmetics.. heptanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of seven carbon atoms.. heptan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is heptane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated from Capillipedium parviflorum.	2.01	1	heptanol; primary alcohol	flavouring agent; fragrance; gap junctional intercellular communication inhibitor; plant metabolite
n-decyl alcohol n-decyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd. decanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of ten carbon atoms.. decan-1-ol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at C-1 of an unbranched saturated chain of ten carbon atoms.	2.01	1	decanol; primary alcohol	metabolite; pheromone; protic solvent
undecan-1-ol undecan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is undecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.. undecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of eleven carbon atoms.	2.01	1	primary alcohol; undecanol	flavouring agent; plant metabolite
dodecanol Dodecanol: A saturated 12-carbon fatty alcohol obtained from coconut oil fatty acids. It has a floral odor and is used in detergents, lubricating oils, and pharmaceuticals. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 5th ed). dodecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of twelve carbon atoms.. dodecan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is dodecane in which a hydrogen from one of the methyl groups is replaced by a hydroxy group. It is registered for use in apple and pear orchards as a Lepidopteran pheromone/sex attractant, used to disrupt the mating behaviour of certain moths whose larvae destroy crops.	2.01	1	dodecanol; primary alcohol	bacterial metabolite; cosmetic; insect attractant; insecticide; pheromone; plant metabolite
1-tridecanol 1-tridecanol: RN given refers to parent cpd. tridecan-1-ol : A long-chain primary fatty alcohol that is tridecane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1.. tridecanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of thirteen carbon atoms.	2.01	1	long-chain primary fatty alcohol; tridecanol	bacterial metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid : A benzoic acid derivative carrying 3-, 4- and 5-methoxy substituents.	2.05	1	benzoic acids; methoxybenzenes	human urinary metabolite; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
1-nonanol nonanol : A fatty alcohol consisting of a hydroxy function at any position of an unbranched saturated chain of nine carbon atoms.. nonan-1-ol : A nonanol that is nonane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 1. It has been isolated as a component of volatile oils from plants like Hordeum vulgare.	2.01	1	nonanol; primary alcohol	antifungal agent; flavouring agent; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.	2.41	2	catechin	antioxidant; plant metabolite
thiazoles [no description available]	2.06	1	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
neutral red Neutral Red: A vital dye used as an indicator and biological stain. Various adverse effects have been observed in biological systems.. neutral red : A hydrochloride obtained by combining the free base of neutral red with one equivalent of hydrochloric acid. Neutral red acts as a pH indicator, changing from red to yellow between pH 6.8 and 8.0.	2.06	1	hydrochloride	acid-base indicator; dye; two-colour indicator
triphenylphosphine triphenylphosphine: RN given refers to parent cpd. triphenylphosphine : A member of the class of tertiary phosphines that is phosphane in which the three hydrogens are replaced by phenyl groups.	2.1	1	benzenes; tertiary phosphine	NMR chemical shift reference compound; reducing agent
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	2	1	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
erythromycin Erythromycin: A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins.. erythromycin : Any of several wide-spectrum macrolide antibiotics obtained from actinomycete Saccharopolyspora erythraea (formerly known as Streptomyces erythraeus).. erythromycin A : An erythromycin that consists of erythronolide A having 2,6-dideoxy-3-C-methyl-3-O-methyl-alpha-L-ribo-hexopyranosyl and 3,4,6-trideoxy-3-(dimethylamino)-beta-D-xylo-hexopyranosyl residues attahced at positions 4 and 6 respectively.	2.02	1	cyclic ketone; erythromycin
ethyl gallate ethyl gallate: used with osmium in procedure for mapping neuronal pathways. ethyl gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with ethanol.	3.3	6	gallate ester	plant metabolite
n-butyl gallate [no description available]	2.48	2
2-tert-butylhydroquinone 2-tert-butylhydroquinone: an anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive agent. 2-tert-butylhydroquinone : A member of the class of hydroquinones in which one of the ring hydrogens of hydroquinone is replaced by a tert-butyl group.	2.13	1	hydroquinones	food antioxidant
cocamidopropyl betaine cocamidopropyl betaine: structure given in first source; Genagen CAB, Tego Betain, Rewoteric AMB 14 usually contain 30% cocamidopropyl betaine (CAPB). cocamidopropyl betaine : A mixture of carboxamidopropyl betaines derived from fatty acids of varying chain lengths. The principal component is lauramidopropyl betaine.. lauramidopropyl betaine : An ammonium betaine in which the the ammonium nitrogen is substituted by two methyl groups and a lauramidopropyl group. It is the major (>50%) component of cocamidopropyl betaine.	2.1	1	ammonium betaine	surfactant
octyl gallate [no description available]	6.07	22	gallate ester	food antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane 1,2-dibromo-2,4-dicyanobutane: biocide used in glue implicated in contact dermatitis; euxyl K 400 is a 2-phenoxyethanol mixture. 2-bromo-2-(bromomethyl)pentanedinitrile : An organobromine compound that consists of pentanedinitrile bearing bromo and bromomethyl substituents at position 2.	2.1	1	aliphatic nitrile; organobromine compound	allergen; sensitiser
thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.	2.06	1	organic bromide salt	colorimetric reagent; dye
epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.	3.11	5	flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose pentagalloylglucose: pentahydroxy gallic acid ester of glucose; a phytogenic antineoplastic agent and antibacterial agent. 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having five galloyl groups in the 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 6-positions.	2	1	gallate ester; galloyl beta-D-glucose	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; plant metabolite; radiation protective agent; radical scavenger
masoprocol Masoprocol: A potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. The compound also inhibits formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase to a lesser extent. It also serves as an antioxidant in fats and oils.. masoprocol : The meso-form of nordihydroguaiaretic acid. An antioxidant found in the creosote bush, Larrea divaricata, it is a potent lipoxygenase inhibitor that interferes with arachidonic acid metabolism. It also inhibits (though to a lesser extent) formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, carboxylesterase, and cyclooxygenase.	1.95	1	nordihydroguaiaretic acid	antineoplastic agent; hypoglycemic agent; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite
corilagin corilagin: isolated from Geranii herba. corilagin : An ellagitannin with a hexahydroxydiphenoyl group bridging over the 3-O and 6-O of the glucose core.	2	1	ellagitannin; gallate ester	antihypertensive agent; antioxidant; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
casuarictin sanguiin H 11: regulates chemotaxis of neutrophil; from plant, Sanguisorba officinalis; structure in first source	2	1	tannin
nonyl gallate [no description available]	2.93	4
n-dodecanoylglutamic acid N-dodecanoylglutamic acid: RN refers to (DL)-isomer; structure given in first source	2.07	1
s-ethyl glutathione [no description available]	2.01	1	oligopeptide
procyanidin b2-3,3'-di-o-gallate procyanidin B2-3,3'-di-O-gallate: structure in first source	2	1	flavonoid oligomer
lignin Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). lignin : A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure.	3.59	2
1,2,6-tri-o-galloyl-beta-d-glucopyranose 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucopyranose: from Terminalia chebula fruits, effective against multidrug-resistant uropathogens; structure in first source. 1,2,6-tris-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose : A galloyl-beta-D-glucose compound having the galloyl groups in the 1-, 2- and 6-positions.	2	1	gallate ester; galloyl beta-D-glucose
theasinensin a theasinensin A: a tea polyphenol formed from (-)-epigallocatechin gallate, suppresses antibiotic resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. theasinensin A : A biflavonoid that is obtained by coupling of two molecules of (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate resulting in a bond between positions C-2 of the hydroxyphenyl ring. It is a natural product found in oolong tea.	2	1	biflavonoid; gallate ester; proanthocyanidin	anti-inflammatory agent; anticoronaviral agent; apoptosis inducer; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; hypoglycemic agent; melanin synthesis inhibitor; plant metabolite
Chebulagic acid [no description available]	2	1	tannin
eugeniin eugeniin: structure in first source. eugeniin : An ellagitannin isolated from the dried flower buds of Eugenia caryophyllata. It exhibits alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity and antiviral activity against acyclovir and phosphonoacetic acid (PAA)-resistant herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) as well as the wild-type HSV-1.	2	1	beta-D-glucoside; ellagitannin; gallate ester; lactone	anti-HSV-1 agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.2.1.20 (alpha-glucosidase) inhibitor; metabolite
Pedunculagin pedunculagin: from the walnut (Juglans regia) pellicle	2	1	tannin
tenofovir tenofovir (anhydrous) : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by a [(2R)-1-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)propan-2-yl]oxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(isopropyloxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (disoproxil ester) prodrug is used as the fumaric acid salt in combination therapy for the treatment of HIV infection.	2.11	1	nucleoside analogue; phosphonic acids	antiviral drug; drug metabolite; HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
pentyl gallate pentyl gallate: food and pharmaceutical antioxidant with ability of electron-donating; structure in first source	2.48	2
trans-4-coumaric acid hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring.	2.06	1	4-coumaric acid	food component; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
squalene Addavax: an oil-water nanoemulsion and adjuvant containing squalene, Tween 80, and sorbitane trioleate	2.41	2	triterpene	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sorbic acid Sorbic Acid: Mold and yeast inhibitor. Used as a fungistatic agent for foods, especially cheeses.. (2E,4E)-hexa-2,4-dienoic acid : A sorbic acid having trans-double bonds at positions 2 and 4; a food preservative that can induce cutaneous vasodilation and stinging upon topical application to humans. It is the most thermodynamically stable of the four possible geometric isomers possible, as well as the one with the highest antimicrobial activity.. sorbic acid : A hexadienoic acid with double bonds at C-2 and C-4; it has four geometrical isomers, of which the trans,trans-form is naturally occurring.	2.01	1	alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; sorbic acid
terbinafine [no description available]	2.05	1	acetylenic compound; allylamine antifungal drug; enyne; naphthalenes; tertiary amine	EC 1.14.13.132 (squalene monooxygenase) inhibitor; P450 inhibitor; sterol biosynthesis inhibitor
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)	2.01	1
Geraniin [no description available]	2	1	tannin
telaprevir [no description available]	2.11	1	cyclopentapyrrole; cyclopropanes; oligopeptide; pyrazines	antiviral drug; hepatitis C protease inhibitor; peptidomimetic
laccase Laccase: A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.	3.34	6
sodium dodecyl sulfate Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate: An anionic surfactant, usually a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates, mainly the lauryl; lowers surface tension of aqueous solutions; used as fat emulsifier, wetting agent, detergent in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and toothpastes; also as research tool in protein biochemistry.. sodium dodecyl sulfate : An organic sodium salt that is the sodium salt of dodecyl hydrogen sulfate.	2.07	1	organic sodium salt	detergent; protein denaturant
beta carotene beta Carotene: A carotenoid that is a precursor of VITAMIN A. Beta carotene is administered to reduce the severity of photosensitivity reactions in patients with erythropoietic protoporphyria (PORPHYRIA, ERYTHROPOIETIC).. provitamin A : A provitamin that can be converted into vitamin A by enzymes from animal tissues.	3.1	1	carotenoid beta-end derivative; cyclic carotene	antioxidant; biological pigment; cofactor; ferroptosis inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; provitamin A
amphotericin b Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.	2.05	1	antibiotic antifungal drug; macrolide antibiotic; polyene antibiotic	antiamoebic agent; antiprotozoal drug; bacterial metabolite
ellagic acid [no description available]	2	1	catechols; cyclic ketone; lactone; organic heterotetracyclic compound; polyphenol	antioxidant; EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.5 (arylamine N-acetyltransferase) inhibitor; EC 2.4.1.1 (glycogen phosphorylase) inhibitor; EC 2.5.1.18 (glutathione transferase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.127 (inositol-trisphosphate 3-kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.151 (inositol-polyphosphate multikinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.4.6 (nucleoside-diphosphate kinase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.7 (DNA-directed DNA polymerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; food additive; fungal metabolite; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
herbimycin herbimycin: herbicidal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces sp.; see also herbimycin B; structure for herbimycin A in second source. herbimycin : A 19-membered macrocyle incorporating a benzoquinone ring and a lactam functionality. It is an ansamycin antibiotic that induces apoptosis and displays antitumour effects.	2	1	1,4-benzoquinones; lactam; macrocycle	antimicrobial agent; apoptosis inducer; herbicide; Hsp90 inhibitor; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1,2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z,Z)-isomer. dioleoyl phosphatidylcholine : A phosphatidylcholine in which the phosphatidyl acyl groups are both oleoyl.	2.53	2	phosphatidylcholine(1+)
casein kinase ii Casein Kinase II: A ubiquitous casein kinase that is comprised of two distinct catalytic subunits and dimeric regulatory subunit. Casein kinase II has been shown to phosphorylate a large number of substrates, many of which are proteins involved in the regulation of gene expression.	2	1
pradimicin a pradimicin A: from actinomycete strain No. P157-2; has inhibitory effect against HIV in vitro; structure given in first source. pradimicin A : A member of the class of pradimicins that is isolated from the cultured broth of Actinomadura hibisca No. P157-2 (ATCC 53557).	2.11	1	aromatic ether; carboxylic acid; disaccharide derivative; L-alanine derivative; p-quinones; polyphenol; pradimicin; secondary alcohol
1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine: RN given refers to (Z)-isomer	2.53	2
shellac shellac: RN given refers to parent cpd	2.1	1
furosin furosin: an ellagitannin from extract of leaves & stems of Phyllanthus sellowianus; structure given in first source	2	1
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	2.57	2	glycoside
phosphatidylcholines Phosphatidylcholines: Derivatives of PHOSPHATIDIC ACIDS in which the phosphoric acid is bound in ester linkage to a CHOLINE moiety.	2.53	2	1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine
thimerosal Thimerosal: An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.. thimerosal : An alkylmercury compound (approximately 49% mercury by weight) used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent.	2.1	1	alkylmercury compound	antifungal drug; antiseptic drug; disinfectant; drug allergen
chitosan [no description available]	7.82	2
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	2.02	1	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
cyclin d1 Cyclin D1: Protein encoded by the bcl-1 gene which plays a critical role in regulating the cell cycle. Overexpression of cyclin D1 is the result of bcl-1 rearrangement, a t(11;14) translocation, and is implicated in various neoplasms.	2.03	1
hexenuronic acid [no description available]	2.06	1
folic acid folcysteine: used to promote fertility in chickens. vitamin B9 : Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin.	7.13	1	folic acids; N-acyl-amino acid	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutrient
allopurinol Allopurinol: A XANTHINE OXIDASE inhibitor that decreases URIC ACID production. It also acts as an antimetabolite on some simpler organisms.. allopurinol : A bicyclic structure comprising a pyrazole ring fused to a hydroxy-substituted pyrimidine ring.	2.01	1	nucleobase analogue; organic heterobicyclic compound	antimetabolite; EC 1.17.3.2 (xanthine oxidase) inhibitor; gout suppressant; radical scavenger

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus. A non-taxonomic and historical term referring to any of two species, specifically HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. Prior to 1986, this was called human T-lymphotropic virus type III/lymphadenopathy-associated virus (HTLV-III/LAV). From 1986-1990, it was an official species called HIV. Since 1991, HIV was no longer considered an official species name; the two species were designated HIV-1 and HIV-2.	2.11	1
Chronic Illness [description not available]	2.15	1
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	2.15	1
Chronic Liver Failure [description not available]	2.15	1
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	2.15	1
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	2.15	1
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	2.15	1
End Stage Liver Disease Final stage of a liver disease when the liver failure is irreversible and LIVER TRANSPLANTATION is needed.	2.15	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.46	2
Blastomyces brasiliensis Infection [description not available]	2.17	1
Allergic Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	3.14	5
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.	3.14	5
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia [description not available]	2.1	1
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute Clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in bone marrow, blood, and other tissue. Myeloid leukemias develop from changes in cells that normally produce NEUTROPHILS; BASOPHILS; EOSINOPHILS; and MONOCYTES.	2.1	1
Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available]	2.13	1
Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.13	1
Infections, Staphylococcal [description not available]	2.13	1
Staphylococcal Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.	2.13	1
Extravascular Hemolysis [description not available]	2.13	1
Hemolysis The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.	2.13	1
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	2.06	1
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	2.06	1
Anasarca [description not available]	2.08	1
Facial Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the FACE.	2.08	1
Mucositis, Oral [description not available]	2.08	1
Microglossia [description not available]	2.08	1
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.	2.08	1
Stomatitis INFLAMMATION of the soft tissues of the MOUTH, such as MUCOSA; PALATE; GINGIVA; and LIP.	2.08	1
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	2.01	1
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	2.01	1
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	2.01	1
Deafness, Transitory [description not available]	2.01	1
Hearing Loss A general term for the complete or partial loss of the ability to hear from one or both ears.	2.01	1
Cheilitis Granulomatosa [description not available]	2.01	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.01	1
Breast Cancer [description not available]	7.03	1
Breast Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.	2.03	1
Dermatitis Seborrheica [description not available]	2.03	1
Dermatitis, Seborrheic A chronic inflammatory disease of the skin with unknown etiology. It is characterized by moderate ERYTHEMA, dry, moist, or greasy (SEBACEOUS GLAND) scaling and yellow crusted patches on various areas, especially the scalp, that exfoliate as dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis is common in children and adolescents with HIV INFECTIONS.	2.03	1
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	3.3	2
Mouth Diseases Diseases involving the MOUTH.	1.98	1
Lip Diseases Diseases involving the LIP.	1.98	1
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	3.3	2
Dermatitis, Occupational A recurrent contact dermatitis caused by substances found in the work place.	2.38	2
Hand Dermatosis [description not available]	1.99	1
Hand Dermatoses Skin diseases involving the HANDS.	1.99	1
B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available]	7.4	2
Lymphoma, B-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes.	2.4	2
Age-Related Macular Degeneration [description not available]	2.92	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2.92	1
Cardiovascular Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM including the HEART; the BLOOD VESSELS; or the PERICARDIUM.	2.92	1
Macular Degeneration Degenerative changes in the RETINA usually of older adults which results in a loss of vision in the center of the visual field (the MACULA LUTEA) because of damage to the retina. It occurs in dry and wet forms.	2.92	1
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2.92	1
Allergy, Drug [description not available]	2.89	1
Delayed Hypersensitivity [description not available]	2.89	1
Drug Hypersensitivity Immunologically mediated adverse reactions to medicinal substances used legally or illegally.	2.89	1
American Trypanosomiasis [description not available]	1.97	1
Chagas Disease Infection with the protozoan parasite TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI, a form of TRYPANOSOMIASIS endemic in Central and South America. It is named after the Brazilian physician Carlos Chagas, who discovered the parasite. Infection by the parasite (positive serologic result only) is distinguished from the clinical manifestations that develop years later, such as destruction of PARASYMPATHETIC GANGLIA; CHAGAS CARDIOMYOPATHY; and dysfunction of the ESOPHAGUS or COLON.	1.97	1

lauryl gallate

Cross-References

Synonyms (83)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Protein Targets (38)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (141)

Molecular Functions (40)

Ceullar Components (27)

Bioassays (104)

Research

Studies (65)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 25.58

Study Types

lauryl gallate

Cross-References

Synonyms (83)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Protein Targets (38)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (141)

Molecular Functions (40)

Ceullar Components (27)

Bioassays (104)

Research

Studies (65)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 25.58

Study Types

Related Drugs (96)

Related Conditions (58)