Page last updated: 2024-12-06

1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzodioxin

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzodioxin (commonly known as **2,3,7,8-TCDD or simply TCDD**) is a highly toxic and persistent environmental contaminant.

Here's why it's important for research:

**1. Highly Toxic and Carcinogenic:** TCDD is one of the most toxic synthetic chemicals known to humans. It can cause a wide range of health problems, including:

* **Cancer:** TCDD has been linked to several types of cancer, including liver, lung, and soft tissue cancers.
* **Reproductive problems:** TCDD can affect reproductive health in both men and women.
* **Immune system suppression:** TCDD can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections.
* **Developmental problems:** Exposure to TCDD during pregnancy can lead to birth defects.
* **Endocrine disruption:** TCDD can interfere with hormone production and function.

**2. Environmental Persistence:** TCDD is very stable in the environment and breaks down slowly. This means it can persist for many years, contaminating soil, water, and air.

**3. Bioaccumulation:** TCDD accumulates in the food chain, meaning that animals higher up the food chain can have much higher concentrations of the chemical than animals lower down. This can pose significant health risks to top predators, including humans.

**4. Understanding Toxic Mechanisms:** Research into TCDD helps scientists understand the mechanisms by which toxins cause damage to living organisms. This knowledge can be used to develop treatments for exposure and to prevent future contamination.

**5. Developing Remediation Strategies:** Research into TCDD is crucial for developing strategies to remove or neutralize this contaminant from the environment. This includes:

* **Developing methods for cleaning up contaminated soil and water.**
* **Finding ways to prevent further contamination.**
* **Developing technologies for treating contaminated food and drinking water.**

**6. Public Health Implications:** TCDD is a major public health concern, and research into its effects is critical for protecting human health.

**Research Focus Areas:**

* **Toxicology:** Research focuses on understanding the mechanisms of TCDD toxicity and its effects on various organs and systems.
* **Environmental Chemistry:** Research studies the fate and transport of TCDD in the environment, including its degradation and persistence.
* **Epidemiology:** Research investigates the relationship between TCDD exposure and human health outcomes, including cancer and other diseases.
* **Remediation Technologies:** Research aims to develop new technologies for removing or detoxifying TCDD from contaminated sites.

**It's important to note that TCDD research is a complex and multidisciplinary field that involves scientists from various disciplines, including chemistry, biology, toxicology, environmental science, and public health.**

1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzodioxin: structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID38251
CHEMBL ID136116
CHEBI ID81502
SCHEMBL ID4170319
MeSH IDM0209743

Synonyms (27)

Synonym
dibenzo-p-dioxin, hexachloro-
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzodioxin
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachloro-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]dioxin
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin
1,2,3,4,7,8-hcdd
dibenzo-p-dioxin, 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachloro-
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin
d 66
dibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin, 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachloro-
1,2,3,4,7,8-hxcdd
39227-28-6
chebi:81502 ,
CHEMBL136116 ,
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachloro-dibenzo[1,4]dioxine
C18100
pcdd 66
FT-0669144
bdbm50408371
unii-5r0uy33jfs
5r0uy33jfs ,
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo(b,e)(1,4)dioxin [mi]
SCHEMBL4170319
DTXSID8052067
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorooxanthrene #
WCYYQNSQJHPVMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Q27155427
1,2,3,4,7,8-hexa-chlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with an LD20, LD50 and LD80 respectively, of tetra-, penta-, hexa-, hepta-CDD and a mixture of the four CDDs, all carrying chlorine substituents in the biologically crucial 2, 3, 7, and 8 positions."( Comparative toxicity of four chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs) and their mixture. Part II: Structure-activity relationships with inhibition of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate carboxylase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities
Kettrup, A; Lebofsky, M; Rozman, K; Stahl, BU; Weber, LW, 1992
)
0.28
" The obtained LD50 value and (TEF) was for tetra-CDD 43 micrograms/kg (1), penta-CDD 206 micrograms/kg (0."( Comparative toxicity of four chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs) and their mixture. Part I: Acute toxicity and toxic equivalency factors (TEFs).
Kettrup, A; Rozman, K; Stahl, BU, 1992
)
0.28
" Thus, HxCDD was more potent than TCDD in inducing acute mortality in H/W and line A rats, contrary to what is predicted by toxic equivalency factor (TEF) values."( Differences in acute toxicity syndromes of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 1,2,3,4,7,8-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in rats.
Niittynen, M; Pohjanvirta, R; Simanainen, U; Syrjälä, P; Tuomisto, J; Tuomisto, JT; Viluksela, M, 2007
)
0.34

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" By 8 days after dosing PEPCK activities were dose-dependently decreased after administration of all four CDDs and their mixture."( Comparative toxicity of four chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs) and their mixture. Part II: Structure-activity relationships with inhibition of hepatic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, pyruvate carboxylase, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activities
Kettrup, A; Lebofsky, M; Rozman, K; Stahl, BU; Weber, LW, 1992
)
0.28
" The dose-response to the mixture confirmed the hypothesis of strict additivity in the acute toxicity of the four CDD homologues."( Comparative toxicity of four chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (CDDs) and their mixture. Part I: Acute toxicity and toxic equivalency factors (TEFs).
Kettrup, A; Rozman, K; Stahl, BU, 1992
)
0.28
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
polychlorinated dibenzodioxineAny dibenzodioxine in which two or more hydrogens have been replaced by chlorines.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (2)

Activation Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Cytochrome P450 1A1Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat)EC50 (µMol)0.27990.00152.205710.0000AID39064
Aryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)EC50 (µMol)0.27990.00151.976910.0000AID39064
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (22)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
blood vessel developmentAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of adaptive immune responseAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cellAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
xenobiotic metabolic processAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
apoptotic processAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to xenobiotic stimulusAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
response to toxic substanceAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of gene expressionAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cAMP-mediated signalingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
intracellular receptor signaling pathwayAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of B cell proliferationAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
circadian regulation of gene expressionAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcriptionAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase IIAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of inflammatory responseAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to molecule of bacterial originAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cAMPAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to forskolinAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cellular response to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxineAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (16)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nuclear receptor activityAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transcription cis-regulatory region bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specificAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
TFIID-class transcription factor complex bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transcription coactivator bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
DNA bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
DNA-binding transcription factor activityAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear receptor activityAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
TBP-class protein bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activityAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
Hsp90 protein bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
E-box bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
sequence-specific double-stranded DNA bindingAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (10)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
nucleusAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nuclear aryl hydrocarbon receptor complexAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleusAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasmAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytoplasmAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
chromatinAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
transcription regulator complexAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
protein-containing complexAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolic aryl hydrocarbon receptor complexAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
aryl hydrocarbon receptor complexAryl hydrocarbon receptorHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (1)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID39064Affinity on cytosolic Aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (Ah)1997Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-19, Volume: 40, Issue:26
Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationships from molecular similarity matrices and genetic neural networks. 2. Applications.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (6)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's4 (66.67)18.2507
2000's2 (33.33)29.6817
2010's0 (0.00)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 12.31

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index12.31 (24.57)
Research Supply Index1.95 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.25 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (12.31)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other6 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]