Page last updated: 2024-11-12
memoquin
Description
Research Excerpts
Clinical Trials
Roles
Classes
Pathways
Study Profile
Bioassays
Related Drugs
Related Conditions
Protein Interactions
Research Growth
Market Indicators
Description
memoquin: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
Cross-References
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 9917279 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 4365745 |
| MeSH ID | M0511866 |
Synonyms (12)
| Synonym |
|---|
| 2,5-bis[6-[ethyl-[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]amino]hexylamino]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione |
| memoquin |
| SCHEMBL4365745 |
| 616885-87-1 |
| methoxyphenyl)methyl]amino]hexylamino]cyclohexa-2,5- |
| 2,5-bis[6-[ethyl-[(2- |
| diene-1,4-dione |
| CS-0081687 |
| 2,5-bis[6-[ethyl-[(2- methoxyphenyl)methyl]amino]hexylamino]cyclohexa-2,5- diene-1,4-dione |
| 2,5-bis[(6-{ethyl[(2-methoxyphenyl)methyl]amino}hexyl)amino]cyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione |
| HY-122080 |
| AKOS040747148 |
Research Excerpts
Overview
Memoquin is a quinone-bearing polyamine endowed with a unique multifunctional profile. It is a lead compound multitargeted against Alzheimer's disease (AD)
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| "Memoquin (1) is a lead compound multitargeted against Alzheimer's disease (AD). " | ( Multitargeted drugs discovery: balancing anti-amyloid and anticholinesterase capacity in a single chemical entity. Andrisano, V; Bartolini, M; Bolognesi, ML; Hrelia, P; Lizzi, F; Melchiorre, C; Milelli, A; Minarini, A; Morroni, F; Rosini, M; Tarozzi, A, 2011) | 1.81 |
| "Memoquin (9) is a quinone-bearing polyamine endowed with a unique multifunctional profile." | ( MTDL design strategy in the context of Alzheimer's disease: from lipocrine to memoquin and beyond. Andrisano, V; Bartolini, M; Bolognesi, ML; Melchiorre, C; Minarini, A; Rosini, M; Tumiatti, V, 2009) | 1.3 |
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
Protein Targets (8)
Inhibition Measurements
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acetylcholinesterase | Electrophorus electricus (electric eel) | IC50 (µMol) | 0.0067 | 0.0000 | 0.9453 | 9.9400 | AID1295094 |
| Amyloid-beta precursor protein | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 11.5225 | 0.0005 | 3.8895 | 10.0000 | AID1054515; AID1585847; AID1854219; AID1854220 |
| Cholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 1.1808 | 0.0000 | 1.5599 | 10.0000 | AID1054516; AID428145; AID439595; AID625547; AID642370 |
| Acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 9.0839 | 0.0000 | 0.9332 | 10.0000 | AID1054517; AID1166373; AID314102; AID314103; AID428144; AID428148; AID439594; AID496882; AID625546; AID642369 |
| Acetylcholinesterase | Homo sapiens (human) | Ki | 0.0026 | 0.0000 | 1.2786 | 9.7300 | AID1854217; AID314091; AID496881 |
| Acetylcholinesterase | Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) | IC50 (µMol) | 0.0016 | 0.0002 | 0.5259 | 7.2000 | AID1585838 |
| Beta-secretase 1 | Homo sapiens (human) | IC50 (µMol) | 0.8567 | 0.0006 | 1.6194 | 10.0000 | AID1128631; AID1271515; AID1854218; AID314101; AID496884; AID642376 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
Other Measurements
| Protein | Taxonomy | Measurement | Average | Min (ref.) | Avg (ref.) | Max (ref.) | Bioassay(s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NAD | Homo sapiens (human) | Km | 12.7000 | 1.2000 | 1.3000 | 1.5000 | AID298282 |
| [prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | |||||||
Biological Processes (151)
Molecular Functions (40)
Ceullar Components (54)
Bioassays (58)
| Assay ID | Title | Year | Journal | Article |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AID496884 | Inhibition of beta-secretase | 2010 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-26, Volume: 53, Issue:16 | Polyamines in drug discovery: from the universal template approach to the multitarget-directed ligand design strategy. |
| AID496882 | Inhibition of AChE-induced amyloid beta (1-40) aggregation | 2010 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-26, Volume: 53, Issue:16 | Polyamines in drug discovery: from the universal template approach to the multitarget-directed ligand design strategy. |
| AID642370 | Inhibition of human recombinant BuChE using butyrylthiocholine iodide as substrate after 20 mins preincubation by Ellman method | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Synthesis of monomeric derivatives to probe memoquin's bivalent interactions. |
| AID314110 | Binding affinity to NQQ1 | 2008 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 51, Issue:3 | Multi-target-directed ligands to combat neurodegenerative diseases. |
| AID625547 | Inhibition of human serum recombinant BChE after 20 mins using butyrylthiocholine iodide as a substrate by Ellman's assay | 2011 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 46, Issue:11 | Exploiting the lipoic acid structure in the search for novel multitarget ligands against Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID496883 | Inhibition of amyloid beta (1-40) aggregation by thioflavin T based fluorometric assay | 2010 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-26, Volume: 53, Issue:16 | Polyamines in drug discovery: from the universal template approach to the multitarget-directed ligand design strategy. |
| AID594827 | Neurotoxicity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as cell viability at 0.1 to 1 uM by MTT assay | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 21, Issue:9 | Multitargeted drugs discovery: balancing anti-amyloid and anticholinesterase capacity in a single chemical entity. |
| AID496881 | Inhibition of AChE | 2010 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-26, Volume: 53, Issue:16 | Polyamines in drug discovery: from the universal template approach to the multitarget-directed ligand design strategy. |
| AID314101 | Inhibition of BACE1 | 2008 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 51, Issue:3 | Multi-target-directed ligands to combat neurodegenerative diseases. |
| AID594829 | Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as inhibition of amyloid beta(1-42)-induced neurotoxicity at 1 uM incubated for 3 hrs by MTT assay | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 21, Issue:9 | Multitargeted drugs discovery: balancing anti-amyloid and anticholinesterase capacity in a single chemical entity. |
| AID642376 | Inhibition of recombinant BACE1 expressed in baculovirus system using M-2420 as substrate preincubated for 1 hr before substrate addition measured after 15 mins by spectrofluorometric analysis | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Synthesis of monomeric derivatives to probe memoquin's bivalent interactions. |
| AID298286 | Antioxidant activity in human SHSY5Y cells overexpressing NQO1 assessed as increase in tert-butyl hydroperoxide evoked-intracellular ROS formation at 3 uM after 24 hrs relative to control | 2007 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 50, Issue:20 | Novel class of quinone-bearing polyamines as multi-target-directed ligands to combat Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID642379 | Neurotoxicity in chicken primary telencephalon neuron expressing APP assessed as reduction in neuronal viability at 25 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Synthesis of monomeric derivatives to probe memoquin's bivalent interactions. |
| AID298285 | Antioxidant activity in human SHSY5Y cells overexpressing NQO1 assessed as increase in tert-butyl hydroperoxide evoked-intracellular ROS formation at 1 uM after 24 hrs relative to control | 2007 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 50, Issue:20 | Novel class of quinone-bearing polyamines as multi-target-directed ligands to combat Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1854217 | Binding affinity to human AChE assessed as inhibition constant | 2022 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 238 | Alzheimer's disease: Updated multi-targets therapeutics are in clinical and in progress. |
| AID642373 | Inhibition of human recombinant AChE-induced amyloid beta 40 aggregation assessed as fibril formation at 100 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorometric assay | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Synthesis of monomeric derivatives to probe memoquin's bivalent interactions. |
| AID642374 | Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) self-aggregation assessed as fibril formation at 10 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T-based fluorometric assay | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Synthesis of monomeric derivatives to probe memoquin's bivalent interactions. |
| AID298281 | Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1-40) aggregation at 10 uM by thioflavin T based fluorometric assay | 2007 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 50, Issue:20 | Novel class of quinone-bearing polyamines as multi-target-directed ligands to combat Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID625546 | Inhibition of human serum recombinant AChE after 20 mins using acetylthiocholine iodide as a substrate by Ellman's assay | 2011 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 46, Issue:11 | Exploiting the lipoic acid structure in the search for novel multitarget ligands against Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1854218 | Inhibition of BACE-1 (unknown origin) | 2022 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 238 | Alzheimer's disease: Updated multi-targets therapeutics are in clinical and in progress. |
| AID625637 | Inhibition of human AChE-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) aggregation at 100 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T based fluorometric assay | 2011 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov, Volume: 46, Issue:11 | Exploiting the lipoic acid structure in the search for novel multitarget ligands against Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID314102 | Inhibition of human AchE induced amyloid beta40 aggregation | 2008 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 51, Issue:3 | Multi-target-directed ligands to combat neurodegenerative diseases. |
| AID594830 | Neuroprotective activity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as inhibition of amyloid beta(1-42)-induced neurotoxicity at 10 uM incubated for 3 hrs by MTT assay | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 21, Issue:9 | Multitargeted drugs discovery: balancing anti-amyloid and anticholinesterase capacity in a single chemical entity. |
| AID314103 | Inhibition of human AchE induced amyloid beta42 aggregation | 2008 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 51, Issue:3 | Multi-target-directed ligands to combat neurodegenerative diseases. |
| AID298282 | Activity of NQO1 enzyme | 2007 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 50, Issue:20 | Novel class of quinone-bearing polyamines as multi-target-directed ligands to combat Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1054515 | Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation (unknown origin) by thioflavin T fluorescence method | 2013 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 23, Issue:23 | Quinones bearing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory fragments as multitarget ligands for Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID594826 | Neurotoxicity in human SH-SY5Y cells assessed as decrease in cell viability by MTT assay | 2011 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, May-01, Volume: 21, Issue:9 | Multitargeted drugs discovery: balancing anti-amyloid and anticholinesterase capacity in a single chemical entity. |
| AID428148 | Inhibition of human AChE-induced amyloid beta (1-40) aggregation by thioflavin T fluorescence-based assay | 2009 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15 | Structure-activity relationships of memoquin: Influence of the chain chirality in the multi-target mechanism of action. |
| AID1295097 | Inhibition of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation (unknown origin) at 25 uM by Thioflavin T-based fluorometric assay | 2016 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel ferulic acid-memoquin hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1585838 | Inhibition of rat AChE | 2018 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 26, Issue:23-24 | Discovery of novel 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalamide derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1854219 | Inhibition of self-aggregation of amyloid beta (1 to 42) (unknown origin) by thioflavin T method | 2022 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 238 | Alzheimer's disease: Updated multi-targets therapeutics are in clinical and in progress. |
| AID1295100 | Induction of disaggregation of self-induced amyloid beta (1 to 42) fibril formation (unknown origin) at 25 uM incubated for 24 hrs by Thioflavin T-based fluorometric assay | 2016 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel ferulic acid-memoquin hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1585837 | Antioxidant activity assessed as trolox equivalent of APPH-induced radical scavenging activity at 5 uM preincubated for 15 mins followed by AAPH addition measured every minute for 90 mins by ORAC fluorescein assay | 2018 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 26, Issue:23-24 | Discovery of novel 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalamide derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1271515 | Inhibition of BACE-1 (unknown origin) using Rh-EVNLDAEFK-Quencher as substrate incubated for 60 mins by FRET assay | 2016 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan-14, Volume: 59, Issue:1 | Novel Tacrine-Benzofuran Hybrids as Potent Multitarget-Directed Ligands for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation, and X-ray Crystallography. |
| AID298283 | Antioxidant activity in human SHSY5Y cells overexpressing NQO1 assessed as increase in tert-butyl hydroperoxide evoked-intracellular ROS formation at 0.1 uM after 24 hrs relative to control | 2007 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 50, Issue:20 | Novel class of quinone-bearing polyamines as multi-target-directed ligands to combat Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID314091 | Inhibition of human AchE | 2008 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb-14, Volume: 51, Issue:3 | Multi-target-directed ligands to combat neurodegenerative diseases. |
| AID1054517 | Inhibition of human recombinant AChE by Ellman's assay | 2013 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 23, Issue:23 | Quinones bearing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory fragments as multitarget ligands for Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1054518 | Inhibition of amyloid beta (1 to 42) aggregation (unknown origin) at 10 uM by thioflavin T fluorescence method | 2013 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 23, Issue:23 | Quinones bearing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory fragments as multitarget ligands for Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID428145 | Inhibition of human recombinant BchE preincubated 20 mins before substrate addition by Ellman method | 2009 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15 | Structure-activity relationships of memoquin: Influence of the chain chirality in the multi-target mechanism of action. |
| AID428144 | Inhibition of human recombinant AChE preincubated 20 mins before substrate addition by Ellman method | 2009 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15 | Structure-activity relationships of memoquin: Influence of the chain chirality in the multi-target mechanism of action. |
| AID1295095 | Inhibition of equine serum BuChE at 50 uM pre-incubated for 15 mins before butylthiocholine chloride substrate addition by Ellman assay | 2016 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel ferulic acid-memoquin hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID642371 | Inhibition of recombinant BACE1 expressed in baculovirus system using panvera peptide as substrate at 3 uM after 60 mins by spectrofluorometric analysis | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Synthesis of monomeric derivatives to probe memoquin's bivalent interactions. |
| AID1166374 | Inhibition of human plasmatic BChE after 5 mins by Ellman method | 2014 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-23, Volume: 57, Issue:20 | Multitarget drug design strategy: quinone-tacrine hybrids designed to block amyloid-β aggregation and to exert anticholinesterase and antioxidant effects. |
| AID642369 | Inhibition of human recombinant AChE using acetylthiocholine iodide as substrate after 20 mins preincubation by Ellman method | 2011 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-22, Volume: 54, Issue:24 | Synthesis of monomeric derivatives to probe memoquin's bivalent interactions. |
| AID1854220 | Inhibition of human AChE-induced amyloid beta (1 to 40) aggregation (unknown origin) | 2022 | European journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-05, Volume: 238 | Alzheimer's disease: Updated multi-targets therapeutics are in clinical and in progress. |
| AID1054516 | Inhibition of human recombinant BuChE by Ellman's assay | 2013 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 23, Issue:23 | Quinones bearing non-steroidal anti-inflammatory fragments as multitarget ligands for Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID428146 | Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human recombinant BchE to IC50 for human recombinant AChE | 2009 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15 | Structure-activity relationships of memoquin: Influence of the chain chirality in the multi-target mechanism of action. |
| AID439594 | Inhibition of human recombinant AChE by Ellman's method | 2009 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23 | Toward a rational design of multitarget-directed antioxidants: merging memoquin and lipoic acid molecular frameworks. |
| AID428149 | Inhibition of self-assembly of human amyloid beta (1-42) aggregation at 10 uM by thioflavin T-based fluorometric assay | 2009 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-01, Volume: 19, Issue:15 | Structure-activity relationships of memoquin: Influence of the chain chirality in the multi-target mechanism of action. |
| AID298284 | Antioxidant activity in human SHSY5Y cells overexpressing NQO1 assessed as increase in tert-butyl hydroperoxide evoked-intracellular ROS formation at 0.3 uM after 24 hrs relative to control | 2007 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-04, Volume: 50, Issue:20 | Novel class of quinone-bearing polyamines as multi-target-directed ligands to combat Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1295096 | Antioxidant activity assessed as AAPH radical scavenging activity by measuring Trolox equivalent per microM of test compound measured every minute for 90 mins by ORAC-FL assay | 2016 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel ferulic acid-memoquin hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1128631 | Inhibition of BACE1 (unknown origin) | 2014 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-27, Volume: 57, Issue:6 | Synthesis and multitarget biological profiling of a novel family of rhein derivatives as disease-modifying anti-Alzheimer agents. |
| AID1585847 | Inhibition of human amyloid beta (1 to 42) self-induced aggregation after 24 hrs by Thioflavin T based fluorometric assay | 2018 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-15, Volume: 26, Issue:23-24 | Discovery of novel 2,5-dihydroxyterephthalamide derivatives as multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID1166376 | Inhibition of amyloid beta (1-42) self-mediated aggregation (unknown origin) at 10 uM after 24 hrs by thioflavin T fluorescence method | 2014 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-23, Volume: 57, Issue:20 | Multitarget drug design strategy: quinone-tacrine hybrids designed to block amyloid-β aggregation and to exert anticholinesterase and antioxidant effects. |
| AID1166375 | Selectivity ratio of IC50 for human plasmatic BChE to human recombinant AChE | 2014 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-23, Volume: 57, Issue:20 | Multitarget drug design strategy: quinone-tacrine hybrids designed to block amyloid-β aggregation and to exert anticholinesterase and antioxidant effects. |
| AID1295094 | Inhibition of Electrophorus electricus AChE pre-incubated for 15 mins before acetylthiocholine chloride substrate addition by Ellman assay | 2016 | Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 05-15, Volume: 26, Issue:10 | Design, synthesis and evaluation of novel ferulic acid-memoquin hybrids as potential multifunctional agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. |
| AID439595 | Inhibition of human recombinant BChE by Ellman's method | 2009 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec-10, Volume: 52, Issue:23 | Toward a rational design of multitarget-directed antioxidants: merging memoquin and lipoic acid molecular frameworks. |
| AID1166373 | Inhibition of human recombinant AChE after 5 mins by Ellman method | 2014 | Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-23, Volume: 57, Issue:20 | Multitarget drug design strategy: quinone-tacrine hybrids designed to block amyloid-β aggregation and to exert anticholinesterase and antioxidant effects. |
| [information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||||
Research
Studies (22)
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 0 (0.00) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 0 (0.00) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 9 (40.91) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 12 (54.55) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 1 (4.55) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
Market Indicators
Research Demand Index: 19.06
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (19.06) All Compounds (24.57) |
Study Types
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 0 (0.00%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 5 (22.73%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 0 (0.00%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 17 (77.27%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||