fimasartan profile

fimasartan: an angiotensin II receptor antagonist [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	9870652
CHEMBL ID	1951143
CHEBI ID	136044
SCHEMBL ID	2229436
SCHEMBL ID	20126833
MeSH ID	M0558574

Synonym
L019170
CHEBI:136044
fimasartan
bdbm50364573
AKOS016011331
CHEMBL1951143 ,
kanarb
247257-48-3
fimasartan [inn]
p58222188p ,
br-a-657.k
5-pyrimidineethanethioamide, 2-butyl-1,6-dihydro-n,n,4-trimethyl-6-oxo-1-((2'-(2h-tetrazol-5-yl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)methyl)-
unii-p58222188p
S4975
fimasartan [who-dd]
2-((2-butyl-4-methyl-6-oxo-1-((2'-(1h-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl)methyl)-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl))-n,n-dimethylthioacetamide
CS-3509
SCHEMBL2229436
fimasartan (inn)
D10556
AC-30631
HY-B0780
2-(1-((2'-(2h-tetrazol-5-yl)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)methyl)-2-butyl-4-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl)-n,n-dimethylethanethioamide
DTXSID80179460
br-a657
DB09279
mfcd13194795
2-[2-butyl-4-methyl-6-oxo-1-[[4-[2-(2h-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]methyl]pyrimidin-5-yl]-n,n-dimethylethanethioamide
NCGC00390600-01
AS-35179
EX-A3997
BCP11616
Q8563179
SCHEMBL20126833
5-pyrimidineethanethioamide, 2-butyl-1,6-dihydro-n,n,4-trimethyl-6-oxo-1-[[2'-(2h-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl]-
CCG-269705
2-(2-butyl-4-methyl-6-oxo-1-{[2'-(1h-tetrazol-5-yl)-4-biphenylyl]methyl}-1,6-dihydro-5-pyrimidinyl)-n,n-dimethylethanethioamide
ZB1816
AKOS037643761
2-butyl-5-dimethylaminothiocarbonylmethyl-6-methyl-3-[[2'-(1h-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl]methyl]pyrimidin-4(3h)-one
A919293
2-(1-((2'-(1h-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl)methyl)-2-butyl-4-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-5-yl)-n,n-dimethylethanethioamide
2-[2-butyl-4-methyl-6-oxo-1-[[4-[2-(2h-tetrazol-5-yl)phenyl]phenyl]met hyl]pyrimidin-5-yl]-n,n-dimethylethanethioamide

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fimasartan is a novel angiotensin II receptor blocker. "	( Characterizing the time-course of antihypertensive activity and optimal dose range of fimasartan via mechanism-based population modeling. Bulitta, JB; Chi, YH; Jiao, Y; Kim, TH; Landersdorfer, CB; Paik, SH; Shin, BS; Shin, S; Yadav, R, 2017)	2.12
"Fimasartan is an angiotensin type 1 receptor blocker (ARB) which has comparable efficacy and tolerability with other ARBs. "	( 24-Hour blood pressure response to lower dose (30 mg) fimasartan in Korean patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Chae, SC; Jeong, MH; Kim, CH; Kim, DS; Lee, HY; Oh, BH; Song, JK, 2017)	2.15
"Fimasartan is a derivative of losartan in which the imidazole ring has been replaced."	( PK/PD evaluation of fimasartan for the treatment of hypertension Current evidences and future perspectives. Angeli, F; Pane, M; Reboldi, G; Signorotti, S; Trapasso, M; Verdecchia, P, 2018)	1.53
"Fimasartan is a new non-peptide angiotensin II receptor blocker with a selective type I receptor blocking effect."	( Fimasartan versus perindopril with and without diuretics in the treatment of elderly patients with essential hypertension (Fimasartan in the Senior Subjects (FITNESS)): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Chae, SC; Choi, YJ; Chun, KJ; Ihm, SH; Jeon, ES; Jeong, JO; Kang, MG; Kim, CH; Kim, EJ; Kim, KI; Kim, MH; Kim, SH; Kim, SJ; Kim, SY; Lee, HY; Lee, SY; Park, S; Park, YH; Pyun, WB; Rhee, MY; Shin, J; Sohn, IS; Song, JM; Sung, KC; Yoo, KD, 2019)	2.68
"1. Fimasartan is an angiotensin receptor II antagonist used to treat patients with hypertension. "	( Glucuronidation of fimasartan, a new angiotensin receptor antagonist, is mainly mediated by UGT1A3. Chi, YH; Jeong, ES; Kim, DH; Kim, HJ; Kim, KH; Kim, YW; Paik, SH; Shin, HJ; Shin, JG, 2015)	1.37
"Fimasartan is a novel angiotensin II receptor blocker. "	( Effect of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of fimasartan: a single-dose, open-label, Phase I study. Jang, IJ; Kim, S; Kim, YS; Lee, J; Lim, KS; Shin, D; Yu, KS, 2014)	2.1
"Fimasartan is a newly developed angiotensin receptor blocker, which may have protective effects during myocardial infarction or atherosclerosis. "	( Effect of Long-Term Treatment with Fimasartan on Transient Focal Ischemia in Rat Brain. Choi, IY; Jang, H; Jeong, HG; Kim, CK; Kim, D; Kim, TJ; Kim, YJ; Ko, SB; Park, HK; Yang, XL; Yoon, BW, 2015)	2.14
"Fimasartan is a novel angiotensin II receptor blocker with strong anti-hypertensive activity. "	( Fully Validated Ultra-performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Determination of Fimasartan in Human Plasma. Gwon, MR; Hyun, JY; Kim, HJ; Lee, HW; Seong, SJ; Yoon, YR, 2015)	2.07
"Fimasartan (FMS) is a potent angiotensin receptor blocker for the treatment of mild to moderate hypertension. "	( Placental transfer and mammary excretion of a novel angiotensin receptor blocker fimasartan in rats. Bulitta, JB; Chi, YH; Jeong, SW; Joo, SH; Kim, MG; Kim, TH; Lee, JH; Paik, SH; Shin, BS; Shin, S; Weon, KY; Yoo, SD; Youn, YS, 2016)	2.1
"Fimasartan (BR-A-657) is a new angiotensin II receptor antagonist used as antihypertensive agent. "	( Pharmacokinetic interaction of fimasartan, a new angiotensin II receptor antagonist, with amlodipine in healthy volunteers. Cho, JY; Jang, IJ; Kim, TE; Shin, SG; Yi, S; Yoon, SH; Yu, KS, 2011)	2.1
"Fimasartan (BR-A-657) is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, recently approved as an antihypertensive agent."	( Effect of multiple doses of fimasartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, on the steady-state pharmacokinetics of digoxin in healthy volunteers. Cho, JY; Choi, J; Jang, IJ; Jun, YK; Kim, J; Kim, JW; Kim, TE; Shin, SG; Song, SH; Yi, S; Yoon, SH; Yu, KS, 2011)	2.11
"Fimasartan (BR-A-657) is a novel, non-peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist with a selective type I receptor blockade effect. "	( Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of fimasartan following single and repeated oral administration in the fasted and fed states in healthy subjects. Chi, YH; Kim, JH; Kim, SL; Lee, H; Lee, JH; Paik, SH; Tan, HK; Yoo, BW, 2011)	2.05
"Fimasartan is a selective angiotensin II receptor blocker. "	( Assessment of the drug-drug interactions between fimasartan and hydrochlorothiazide in healthy volunteers. Cho, JY; Jang, IJ; Jeon, H; Kim, J; Lim, KS; Shin, KH; Shin, SG; Yoon, SH; Yu, KS, 2012)	2.08
"Fimasartan is a newly developed ARB that has not been compared with other ARBs with regard to its efficacy and tolerability."	( Efficacy and tolerability of fimasartan, a new angiotensin receptor blocker, compared with losartan (50/100 mg): a 12-week, phase III, multicenter, prospective, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, dose escalation clinical trial with an optional 12-w Kim, JJ; Kim, SK; Kim, YJ; Lee, HY; Lee, SE; Oh, BH; Park, CG; Rhee, MY; Yang, HM, 2012)	1.39
"Fimasartan is a selective angiotensin II receptor blocker developed for once-daily dosing."	( Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily oral fimasartan 20 to 240 mg/d in Korean Patients with hypertension: findings from Two Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Choi, DJ; Ha, JW; Jeon, ES; Kim, JJ; Lee, H; Lee, HY; Oh, BH; Park, JB; Rim, SJ; Seung, KB; Shin, JH; Yang, HM, 2012)	2.08
"Fimasartan is a non-peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist which selectively blocks the AT(1) receptor. "	( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of fimasartan applied to predict the influence of a high fat diet on its blood pressure-lowering effect in healthy subjects. Han, S; Hong, T; Jeon, S; Lee, J; Yim, DS, 2013)	2.1
"Fimasartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used to treat hypertension."	( The effect of fimasartan, an angiotensin receptor type 1 blocker, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy Korean male volunteers: a one-sequence, two-period crossover clinical trial. Cho, JY; Gu, N; Jang, IJ; Kim, BH; Kim, SE; Lim, KS; Nam, WS; Shin, SG; Yoon, SH; Yu, KS, 2012)	2.18
"Fimasartan is a new angiotensin receptor blocker, and the first new molecular entity acting on cardiovascular system approved by Korean Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of essential hypertension in September 2010."	( Fimasartan, a novel angiotensin II receptor antagonist. Chi, YH; Kim, JH; Lee, JH; Paik, SH, 2012)	2.54

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"Fimasartan has been approved for use in patients with hypertension in South Korea and has been evaluated in three phase III clinical trials (i.e."	( Fimasartan. , 2011)	2.53

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fimasartan can cause headache, dizziness, itching, and coughing."	( Fimasartan-induced liver injury in a patient with no adverse reactions on other types of angiotensin II receptor blockers: A case report. Eun, HS; Joo, JS; Kang, SH; Kim, JS; Kim, KH; Kim, SH; Lee, BS; Lee, ES; Moon, HS; Park, DH; Yun, GY, 2017)	2.62

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fimasartan-treated group: rats pretreated with Fimasartan a dose of 3 mg/kg IP; this was half hour before occluding the renal pedicles."	( Fimasartan ameliorates renal ischemia reperfusion injury via modulation of oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic cascades in a rat model. Abbas, L; Abbas, W; Altemimi, M; Hadi, N; Hameed, AA; Jabir, M; Qassam, H; Zigam, Q, 2022)	2.89
"Fimasartan 120-mg treatment demonstrated superior efficacy in reduction of SiSBP, SiDBP, and 24 hrs ASBP and ADBP compared to valsartan 160 mg. "	( Effect of Fimasartan versus Valsartan and Olmesartan on Office and Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Korean Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Essential Hypertension: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Active Control, Three-Parallel Group, Forced Titration, Multicenter, Chang, K; Chung, WB; Her, SH; Ihm, SH; Jang, SW; Jeon, DS; Lee, JM; Park, CS; Seung, KB; Yoo, KD, 2020)	2.4
"Fimasartan treatment significantly increased median (range) homeostatic assessment of β-cell function values (49.9 [22.5-174.4] vs 46.9 [15.6-148.0]), area under the curve of insulin during OGTT (27 284 [9501-94 525] vs 26 818 [8112-76 704] pmol/L × min), insulinogenic index at 60 minutes (19.7 [3.0-131.2] vs 15.0 [2.4-103.8] pmol/mmol) and at 120 minutes (19.1 [1.9-85.5] vs 12.6 [-4.3-178.8] pmol/mmol) compared with those with amlodipine (all P < .05); however, acute insulin response and insulin resistance indices were similar for both agents."	( Fimasartan increases glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension compared with amlodipine. Ahn, CH; Cho, YM; Jung, HS; Kim, S; Kwak, SH; Lee, SO; Lim, MH; Mari, A; Park, KS; Roh, E; Yang, YS, 2018)	2.64
"Fimasartan pretreatment remarkably reduced the rate of MI and improved cardiac performance well after I/R (n = 9/group). "	( Effects of the novel angiotensin II receptor type I antagonist, fimasartan on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cho, GY; Choi, DJ; Han, J; Jeon, ES; Kim, EJ; Kim, HK; Kim, N; Lee, SR; Long, le T; Park, SJ; Park, SW; Thu, VT; Yoon, CH, 2013)	2.07
"The fimasartan/HCTZ treatment group showed a greater reduction of siDBP compared to the fimasartan treatment group at Week 4 (6.88±8.10 mmHg vs 3.38±7.33, P=0.0008), and the effect persisted at Week 8 (8.67±9.39 mmHg vs 5.02±8.27 mmHg, P=0.0023)."	( Efficacy of fimasartan/hydrochlorothiazide combination in hypertensive patients inadequately controlled by fimasartan monotherapy. Ahn, Y; Baek, SH; Chae, JK; Doh, JH; Ha, JW; Kim, CH; Kim, JJ; Kim, SH; Kim, SK; Kim, W; Oh, BH; Park, CG; Park, JB; Park, SW; Rhee, MY; Rim, SJ; Shin, JH; Yoo, BS, 2015)	1.28
"Fimasartan treatment inhibited RAS activation and the expression of Nox1, Nox2, and Nox4."	( Fimasartan, a Novel Angiotensin-Receptor Blocker, Protects against Renal Inflammation and Fibrosis in Mice with Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction: the Possible Role of Nrf2. Choi, BS; Chung, S; Kim, S; Kim, SJ; Park, CW; Shin, SJ; Yoon, HE, 2015)	2.58
"Pretreated fimasartan significantly decreased hemolysate-induced phosphorylation of Akt and ERK1/2."	( Anti-inflammatory effects of fimasartan via Akt, ERK, and NFκB pathways on astrocytes stimulated by hemolysate. Jang, H; Kim, CK; Kim, TJ; Kim, YJ; Ko, SB; Rim, D; Sun, J; Yang, XL; Yoon, BW, 2016)	1.09

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Fimasartan was safe and well tolerated, but with an increased incidence of low BP and postural dizziness for the 360 mg dose after repeated administration."	( Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of fimasartan following single and repeated oral administration in the fasted and fed states in healthy subjects. Chi, YH; Kim, JH; Kim, SL; Lee, H; Lee, JH; Paik, SH; Tan, HK; Yoo, BW, 2011)	2.05
"The safety, efficacy, and compliance of fimasartan were found to be excellent in a large patient population that included patients potentially at higher risk for adverse events."	( Safety and efficacy of fimasartan in patients with arterial hypertension (Safe-KanArb study): an open-label observational study. Cho, EJ; Kang, SM; Park, JB; Sung, KC, 2013)	0.97
" However, there was no significant difference in time to peak plasma concentration (t(max)) and elimination half-life, and there were no serious or severe adverse events in all subjects."	( Influence of hepatic dysfunction on the pharmacokinetics and safety of fimasartan. Ahn, SH; Cho, CM; Kim, CO; Kim, DY; Lee, HW; Lee, J; Oh, ES; Park, MS; Seong, SJ; Yoon, YR, 2013)	0.62
"The standard 60-mg dose of fimasartan, a newly developed selective angiotensin II receptor blocker, is effective and safe for use in patients with mild to moderate hypertension."	( Efficacy and safety of 30-mg fimasartan for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate hypertension: an 8-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase III clinical study. Bae, JH; Ihm, SH; Jeon, DW; Joo, SJ; Jung, BC; Jung, IH; Kang, SM; Lee, NH; Park, SM; Park, TH; Park, WJ; Pyun, WB; Shin, ES; Shin, JH; Song, JM; Sung, KC; Yoon, YW; Youn, JC, 2014)	0.99
" Most treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were mild (89 of 95), and there were no serious TEAEs."	( Efficacy and safety of 30-mg fimasartan for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate hypertension: an 8-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, phase III clinical study. Bae, JH; Ihm, SH; Jeon, DW; Joo, SJ; Jung, BC; Jung, IH; Kang, SM; Lee, NH; Park, SM; Park, TH; Park, WJ; Pyun, WB; Shin, ES; Shin, JH; Song, JM; Sung, KC; Yoon, YW; Youn, JC, 2014)	0.69
" Treatment-emergent adverse events (AEs) were also assessed."	( A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, 3 × 3 Factorial Design, Phase II Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of the Combination of Fimasartan/Amlodipine in Patients With Essential Hypertension. Ahn, T; Ahn, Y; Bae Park, J; Cho, EJ; Choi, DJ; Chull Chae, S; Chun, KJ; Han, KR; Hyon, MS; Jeon, ES; Jeong, JO; Joo, SJ; Kim, DI; Kim, DS; Kim, JJ; Kim, KS; Kim, YJ; Kwan, J; Lee, HY; Oh, SK; Park, JS; Rhee, MY; Seog Seo, H; Shin, JH; Sung, KC; Yoo, BS; Youn, HJ, 2015)	0.61
" Treatment-emergent adverse events were also assessed."	( A Randomized, Double-blind, Multicenter, Phase III Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Fimasartan/Amlodipine Combined Therapy Versus Fimasartan Monotherapy in Patients With Essential Hypertension Unresponsive to Fimasartan Monotherapy. Cha, KS; Chae, SC; Chun, KJ; Ihm, SH; Il Kim, D; Jeong, JO; Joo, SJ; Kim, CH; Kim, DS; Kim, JJ; Kim, KH; Kim, KI; Kim, MH; Kim, YJ; Nam, CW; Park, S; Park, SM; Rhee, MY; Seo, HS; Shin, ES; Shin, J; Shin, MS; Sung, KC; Yoo, BS; Youn, HJ, 2016)	0.65
" Adverse drug reactions were observed in 9 patients (6."	( A Randomized, Double-blind, Multicenter, Phase III Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Fimasartan/Amlodipine Combined Therapy Versus Fimasartan Monotherapy in Patients With Essential Hypertension Unresponsive to Fimasartan Monotherapy. Cha, KS; Chae, SC; Chun, KJ; Ihm, SH; Il Kim, D; Jeong, JO; Joo, SJ; Kim, CH; Kim, DS; Kim, JJ; Kim, KH; Kim, KI; Kim, MH; Kim, YJ; Nam, CW; Park, S; Park, SM; Rhee, MY; Seo, HS; Shin, ES; Shin, J; Shin, MS; Sung, KC; Yoo, BS; Youn, HJ, 2016)	0.65
"Fimasartan/amlodipine combination therapy exhibited superior efficacy in reducing blood pressure, with no increase in adverse drug reactions, compared with fimasartan monotherapy."	( A Randomized, Double-blind, Multicenter, Phase III Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Fimasartan/Amlodipine Combined Therapy Versus Fimasartan Monotherapy in Patients With Essential Hypertension Unresponsive to Fimasartan Monotherapy. Cha, KS; Chae, SC; Chun, KJ; Ihm, SH; Il Kim, D; Jeong, JO; Joo, SJ; Kim, CH; Kim, DS; Kim, JJ; Kim, KH; Kim, KI; Kim, MH; Kim, YJ; Nam, CW; Park, S; Park, SM; Rhee, MY; Seo, HS; Shin, ES; Shin, J; Shin, MS; Sung, KC; Yoo, BS; Youn, HJ, 2016)	2.1
" The most frequently reported adverse reactions included headache (3."	( Safety and efficacy of fimasartan in Mexican patients with grade 1-2 essential hypertension. Banda-Elizondo, RG; Cardona-Muñoz, EG; Conde-Carmona, I; Esturau-Santalo, RM; García-Castillo, A; González-Gálvez, G; Guerra-López, A; Leiva-Pons, JL; López-Alvarado, A; Pascoe-González, S; Sánchez-Mejorada, G; Velasco-Sánchez, RG; Vidrio-Velázquez, M; Villeda-Espinosa, E, )	0.44
"Fimasartan is safe and effective in Mexican subjects with grade 1-2 essential hypertension."	( Safety and efficacy of fimasartan in Mexican patients with grade 1-2 essential hypertension. Banda-Elizondo, RG; Cardona-Muñoz, EG; Conde-Carmona, I; Esturau-Santalo, RM; García-Castillo, A; González-Gálvez, G; Guerra-López, A; Leiva-Pons, JL; López-Alvarado, A; Pascoe-González, S; Sánchez-Mejorada, G; Velasco-Sánchez, RG; Vidrio-Velázquez, M; Villeda-Espinosa, E, )	1.88
" Adverse events (AE) were reported in 28."	( Long-Term Safety of a Novel Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, Fimasartan, According to the Absence or Presence of Underlying Liver Disease in Korean Hypertensive Patients: A Prospective, 12-Month, Observational Study. Choi, DJ; Joo, KW; Kim, MA; Kim, YJ; Lee, HY; Oh, GC, 2020)	0.8
"Long-term use of fimasartan for treatment of HTN was associated with a low rate of adverse events overall, especially in the absence of underlying liver disease."	( Long-Term Safety of a Novel Angiotensin Receptor Blocker, Fimasartan, According to the Absence or Presence of Underlying Liver Disease in Korean Hypertensive Patients: A Prospective, 12-Month, Observational Study. Choi, DJ; Joo, KW; Kim, MA; Kim, YJ; Lee, HY; Oh, GC, 2020)	1.14
" During the study period, 82 adverse events were reported in 52 patients, 40 in the fimasartan group and 42 in the perindopril group (P = 0."	( A Randomized, Double-blind, Active-controlled, Two Parallel-Group, Optional Titration, Multicenter, Phase IIIb Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Fimasartan Versus Perindopril Monotherapy With and Without a Diuretic Combination in Elderly Patien Chae, SC; Choi, YJ; Chun, KJ; Ihm, SH; Jeon, ES; Jeong, JO; Kim, CH; Kim, EJ; Kim, KI; Kim, MH; Kim, SH; Kim, SJ; Kim, SY; Lee, HY; Lee, SY; Park, S; Park, YH; Pyun, WB; Rhee, MY; Shin, J; Sohn, IS; Song, JM; Sung, KC; Yoo, KD, 2021)	1.04
" Furthermore, the odds ratio of adverse events for all agents did not differ significantly from that of the placebo."	( Comparative efficacy and safety of fimasartan in patients with hypertension: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Ihm, SH; Jeong, SH; Kim, BS; Seo, SM; Yi, JE, 2022)	1

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The maximum plasma concentration (C(max)), time to reach C(max) and elimination half-life for fimasartan did not differ significantly between the older and young groups."	( Effect of age on the pharmacokinetics of fimasartan (BR-A-657). Cho, JY; Lee, HW; Lee, J; Lim, MS; Park, J; Seo, JJ; Seong, SJ; Yoon, YR; Yu, KS, 2011)	0.85
" The plasma concentrations of R- and S-warfarin were analyzed by using HPLC-MS/MS, and the pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated by using noncompartmental analysis."	( The effect of fimasartan, an angiotensin receptor type 1 blocker, on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of warfarin in healthy Korean male volunteers: a one-sequence, two-period crossover clinical trial. Cho, JY; Gu, N; Jang, IJ; Kim, BH; Kim, SE; Lim, KS; Nam, WS; Shin, SG; Yoon, SH; Yu, KS, 2012)	0.74
" Double peaks and extended terminal half-life were observed, which was likely caused by enterohepatic recirculation."	( Pharmacokinetics and metabolite profiling of fimasartan, a novel antihypertensive agent, in rats. Bashir, M; Bulitta, JB; Chi, YH; Choi, HJ; Choi, JH; Joo, SH; Kim, TH; Lee, JH; Ma, E; Paik, SH; Shin, BS; Shin, S; Yoo, SD, 2014)	0.66
"Based on guidance from the United States Food and Drug Administration, a reduced pharmacokinetic (PK) study was conducted to evaluate the effect of renal function on the PK of fimasartan in patients with renal impairment and healthy volunteers."	( Effect of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of fimasartan: a single-dose, open-label, Phase I study. Jang, IJ; Kim, S; Kim, YS; Lee, J; Lim, KS; Shin, D; Yu, KS, 2014)	0.85
" This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic model that can simultaneously characterize the extent and time-course of EHC in three species using fimasartan, a novel angiotensin II receptor blocker, as a model drug."	( Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of the Enterohepatic Recirculation of Fimasartan in Rats, Dogs, and Humans. Bulitta, JB; Chi, YH; Horkovics-Kovats, S; Kim, TH; Landersdorfer, CB; Myung, J; Paik, SH; Shin, BS; Shin, S; Yadav, R, 2015)	0.84
" The Cmax (ng/ml) and AUC∞ (h · ng/ml) following oral and IV administration were 62."	( Absolute bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist fimasartan in healthy subjects. Chi, YH; Choi, HK; Ghim, JL; Hasanuzzaman, M; Kim, DH; Paik, SH; Shin, JG, 2016)	0.66
"To build a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for fimasartan, amlodipine, and hydrochlorothiazide, and to investigate the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potentials."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Fimasartan, Amlodipine, and Hydrochlorothiazide for the Investigation of Drug-Drug Interaction Potentials. Jeon, I; Kim, E; Lee, HA; Lee, S; Rhee, SJ; Song, IS; Yu, KS, 2018)	0.97
"The predicted-to-observed ratios of all the pharmacokinetic parameters met the acceptance criterion."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Fimasartan, Amlodipine, and Hydrochlorothiazide for the Investigation of Drug-Drug Interaction Potentials. Jeon, I; Kim, E; Lee, HA; Lee, S; Rhee, SJ; Song, IS; Yu, KS, 2018)	0.73
"A randomized, open-label, single-dose, two-treatment, two-way crossover study with a 7-day washout period was conducted to compare the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics and bioequivalence between an FDC of fimasartan/rosuvastatin and the separate co-administration of fimasartan and rosuvastatin in healthy Korean volunteers."	( Pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence study comparing a fimasartan/rosuvastatin fixed-dose combination with the concomitant administration of fimasartan and rosuvastatin in healthy subjects. Cho, S; Gwon, MR; Kang, WY; Kim, BK; Kim, EH; Lee, HW; Lee, KT; Ohk, B; Seong, SJ; Shim, WS; Yang, DH; Yoon, YR, 2018)	0.92
" This study sought to evaluate the pharmacokinetic interactions between fimasartan and linagliptin after co-administration in healthy Korean subjects."	( A Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Between Fimasartan and Linagliptin in Healthy Volunteers. Cho, S; Gwon, MR; Kang, WY; Lee, HW; Lee, KT; Seong, SJ; Shim, WS; Yang, DH; Yoon, YR, 2020)	1.05
"Our results suggest that there are no clinically significant pharmacokinetic interactions between fimasartan and linagliptin when co-administered."	( A Pharmacokinetic Drug Interaction Between Fimasartan and Linagliptin in Healthy Volunteers. Cho, S; Gwon, MR; Kang, WY; Lee, HW; Lee, KT; Seong, SJ; Shim, WS; Yang, DH; Yoon, YR, 2020)	1.04

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"Fimasartan administered alone or in combination with HCTZ was well tolerated at the described dosages."	( Assessment of the drug-drug interactions between fimasartan and hydrochlorothiazide in healthy volunteers. Cho, JY; Jang, IJ; Jeon, H; Kim, J; Lim, KS; Shin, KH; Shin, SG; Yoon, SH; Yu, KS, 2012)	2.08
"To build a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for fimasartan, amlodipine, and hydrochlorothiazide, and to investigate the drug-drug interaction (DDI) potentials."	( Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling of Fimasartan, Amlodipine, and Hydrochlorothiazide for the Investigation of Drug-Drug Interaction Potentials. Jeon, I; Kim, E; Lee, HA; Lee, S; Rhee, SJ; Song, IS; Yu, KS, 2018)	0.97

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Relative bioavailability decreased by 37 % when the subjects were given a high-fat diet."	( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of fimasartan applied to predict the influence of a high fat diet on its blood pressure-lowering effect in healthy subjects. Han, S; Hong, T; Jeon, S; Lee, J; Yim, DS, 2013)	0.66
" Subjects with mild hepatic impairment exhibited similar bioavailability compared with healthy subjects, whereas subjects with moderate hepatic impairment seemed to exhibit a higher level of systemic exposure to fimasartan than healthy subjects."	( Influence of hepatic dysfunction on the pharmacokinetics and safety of fimasartan. Ahn, SH; Cho, CM; Kim, CO; Kim, DY; Lee, HW; Lee, J; Oh, ES; Park, MS; Seong, SJ; Yoon, YR, 2013)	0.81
" Fimasartan was rapidly and extensively absorbed and had an oral bioavailability of 32."	( Pharmacokinetics and metabolite profiling of fimasartan, a novel antihypertensive agent, in rats. Bashir, M; Bulitta, JB; Chi, YH; Choi, HJ; Choi, JH; Joo, SH; Kim, TH; Lee, JH; Ma, E; Paik, SH; Shin, BS; Shin, S; Yoo, SD, 2014)	1.57
" The relative bioavailability of fimasartan from the population PK analysis was 77% higher in the RI patients than in the healthy volunteers."	( Effect of renal function on the pharmacokinetics of fimasartan: a single-dose, open-label, Phase I study. Jang, IJ; Kim, S; Kim, YS; Lee, J; Lim, KS; Shin, D; Yu, KS, 2014)	0.93
" The modeled oral bioavailability in rats (median (range), 38."	( Population Pharmacokinetic Modeling of the Enterohepatic Recirculation of Fimasartan in Rats, Dogs, and Humans. Bulitta, JB; Chi, YH; Horkovics-Kovats, S; Kim, TH; Landersdorfer, CB; Myung, J; Paik, SH; Shin, BS; Shin, S; Yadav, R, 2015)	0.65
"The present study was conducted to determine the absolute bioavailability of fimasartan (FMS; Kanarb(®) ) after the single oral administration of a 60-mg tablet or a single 30-mg intravenous (IV) infusion."	( Absolute bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of the angiotensin II receptor antagonist fimasartan in healthy subjects. Chi, YH; Choi, HK; Ghim, JL; Hasanuzzaman, M; Kim, DH; Paik, SH; Shin, JG, 2016)	0.89
" Fimasartan is rapidly absorbed following oral administration with an oral bioavailability of 18."	( PK/PD evaluation of fimasartan for the treatment of hypertension Current evidences and future perspectives. Angeli, F; Pane, M; Reboldi, G; Signorotti, S; Trapasso, M; Verdecchia, P, 2018)	1.71
"The ATP-binding cassette transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is known to limit both brain penetration and oral bioavailability of many chemotherapy drugs."	( A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein. Ambudkar, SV; Brimacombe, KR; Chen, L; Gottesman, MM; Guha, R; Hall, MD; Klumpp-Thomas, C; Lee, OW; Lee, TD; Lusvarghi, S; Robey, RW; Shen, M; Tebase, BG, 2019)	0.51
"Bioequivalence tests are fundamental step in assessing the equivalence in bioavailability between a test and reference product."	( Multivariate Assessment for Bioequivalence Based on the Correlation of Random Effect. An, H; Shin, D, 2021)	0.62

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Blood samples were collected scheduled intervals for 24 hours after the last dosing to determine plasma concentrations of atorvastatin acid, atorvastatin lactone, 2-hydroxy atorvastatin acid, and 2-hydroxy atorvastatin lactone."	( The effect of the newly developed angiotensin receptor II antagonist fimasartan on the pharmacokinetics of atorvastatin in relation to OATP1B1 in healthy male volunteers. Cho, JY; Jang, IJ; Kim, SE; Kim, TE; Lee, MG; Shin, KH; Shin, SG; Song, IS; Yoon, SH; Yu, KS, 2011)	0.6
" Further studies are needed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and dose-response relationship of fimasartan in patients with hypertension."	( Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of fimasartan following single and repeated oral administration in the fasted and fed states in healthy subjects. Chi, YH; Kim, JH; Kim, SL; Lee, H; Lee, JH; Paik, SH; Tan, HK; Yoo, BW, 2011)	0.83
"To meet the regulatory requirements for approval of an antihypertensive treatment in Korea, this pair of studies was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of fimasartan, to determine its dose-response relationship and minimum effective dose, and to characterize its blood pressure (BP)-reduction profile over the dosing interval."	( Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily oral fimasartan 20 to 240 mg/d in Korean Patients with hypertension: findings from Two Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Choi, DJ; Ha, JW; Jeon, ES; Kim, JJ; Lee, H; Lee, HY; Oh, BH; Park, JB; Rim, SJ; Seung, KB; Shin, JH; Yang, HM, 2012)	0.83
"These 2 Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, and dose-response studies enrolled male or nonchildbearing female Korean patients aged 18 to 65 years (study 1) or 18 to 70 years (study 2) with essential hypertension (sitting diastolic BP [DBP] 95-<115 mm Hg [study 1] or 90-<110 mm Hg [study 2])."	( Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily oral fimasartan 20 to 240 mg/d in Korean Patients with hypertension: findings from Two Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Choi, DJ; Ha, JW; Jeon, ES; Kim, JJ; Lee, H; Lee, HY; Oh, BH; Park, JB; Rim, SJ; Seung, KB; Shin, JH; Yang, HM, 2012)	0.64
" Fimasartan 60 mg once daily was the minimum effective dose, and the dose-response relationship was flat at doses >60 mg once daily."	( Efficacy and tolerability of once-daily oral fimasartan 20 to 240 mg/d in Korean Patients with hypertension: findings from Two Phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies. Choi, DJ; Ha, JW; Jeon, ES; Kim, JJ; Lee, H; Lee, HY; Oh, BH; Park, JB; Rim, SJ; Seung, KB; Shin, JH; Yang, HM, 2012)	1.55
"The turnover PK-PD model combined with pre-defined cosine function for circadian rhythm described the BP changes measured within 24 h after dosing better than the effect compartment or transduction models."	( Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model of fimasartan applied to predict the influence of a high fat diet on its blood pressure-lowering effect in healthy subjects. Han, S; Hong, T; Jeon, S; Lee, J; Yim, DS, 2013)	0.66
"Once-daily fimasartan effectively maintained a BP-reduction profile over the full 24-hour dosing interval; this profile was comparable to or slightly better than that of once-daily valsartan."	( Ambulatory blood pressure response to once-daily fimasartan: an 8-week, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, active-comparator, parallel-group study in Korean patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Chae, SC; Jeong, MH; Kim, DS; Kim, KS; Lee, H; Oh, BH, 2013)	1.03
" Unlabeled fimasartan or radiolabeled [(14)C]fimasartan was dosed by intravenous injection or oral administration to rats."	( Pharmacokinetics and metabolite profiling of fimasartan, a novel antihypertensive agent, in rats. Bashir, M; Bulitta, JB; Chi, YH; Choi, HJ; Choi, JH; Joo, SH; Kim, TH; Lee, JH; Ma, E; Paik, SH; Shin, BS; Shin, S; Yoo, SD, 2014)	1.05
" Treatments were administered for 12 weeks without dosage adjustment."	( A Randomized, Double-blind, Candesartan-controlled, Parallel Group Comparison Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Antihypertensive Efficacy and Safety of Fimasartan in Patients with Mild to Moderate Essential Hypertension. Cha, GS; Cha, TJ; Chae, SC; Chun, KJ; Hong, GR; Hur, SH; Hwang, JY; Kim, DI; Kim, DS; Kim, KS; Kim, MH; Lee, JH; Lee, SG; Yang, DH, 2016)	0.63
" Fimasartan at a dosage range of 60-120 mg once daily showed an antihypertensive effect over 24 h."	( Fimasartan: A New Angiotensin Receptor Blocker. Lee, HY; Oh, BH, 2016)	2.79
" Blood samples for pharmacokinetics were collected up to 48 hours for fimasartan and 72 hours for rosuvastatin after the last dosing and plasma concentrations of study drugs were determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry."	( Evaluation of drug interactions between fimasartan and rosuvastatin after single and multiple doses in healthy Caucasians. Lee, J; Lee, S; Rhee, SJ; Yu, KS, 2018)	0.98

Class	Description
biphenyls	Benzenoid aromatic compounds containing two phenyl or substituted-phenyl groups which are joined together by a single bond.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	37.9083	0.0123	7.9835	43.2770	AID1645841
G	Vesicular stomatitis virus	Potency	9.5221	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	9.5221	0.0033	9.1582	39.8107	AID1645842
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	9.5221	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	9.5221	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	9.5221	0.0123	8.9648	39.8107	AID1645842
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0045	0.0002	0.0932	3.6000	AID1420506
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of autophagy	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to interferon-beta	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell proliferation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of viral genome replication	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of innate immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
neuron cellular homeostasis	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to virus	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of Lewy body formation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of T-helper 2 cell cytokine production	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
response to exogenous dsRNA	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
B cell differentiation	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
natural killer cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
T cell activation involved in immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
humoral immune response	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
adaptive immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of T cell anergy	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
defense response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
detection of bacterium	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-12 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of interleukin-6 production	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protection from natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
innate immune response	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of dendritic cell differentiation	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell growth	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
kidney development	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
renin-angiotensin regulation of aldosterone production	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
maintenance of blood vessel diameter homeostasis by renin-angiotensin	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by renin-angiotensin	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
Rho protein signal transduction	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vasoconstriction	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
calcium-mediated signaling	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of phospholipase A2 activity	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
low-density lipoprotein particle remodeling	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of renal sodium excretion	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
angiotensin-activated signaling pathway	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of cell population proliferation	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
symbiont entry into host cell	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of inflammatory response	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inflammatory response	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of protein metabolic process	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cell chemotaxis	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating angiotensin-activated signaling pathway	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
blood vessel diameter maintenance	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell proliferation involved in sprouting angiogenesis	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of CoA-transferase activity	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate metabolic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
phosphatidylinositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of cold-induced thermogenesis	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
cytokine activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
cytokine receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
type I interferon receptor binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
chloramphenicol O-acetyltransferase activity	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
signaling receptor binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
peptide antigen binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
TAP binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
protein-folding chaperone binding	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
angiotensin type I receptor activity	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
angiotensin type II receptor activity	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
bradykinin receptor binding	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein heterodimerization activity	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol-1,3,4,5,6-pentakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol heptakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
ATP binding	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 1-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol hexakisphosphate 3-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol 5-diphosphate pentakisphosphate 5-kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol diphosphate tetrakisphosphate kinase activity	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
extracellular space	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular region	Interferon beta	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
endoplasmic reticulum	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
Golgi apparatus	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
cell surface	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
ER to Golgi transport vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
phagocytic vesicle membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
early endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
recycling endosome membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular exosome	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
MHC class I protein complex	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
extracellular space	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
external side of plasma membrane	HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Type-1 angiotensin II receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
fibrillar center	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
nucleus	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
cytoplasm	Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (37)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID1698000	Apparent permeability in dog MDCKII-LE cells at pH 7.4
AID1698001	Lipophilicity, log D of the compound at pH 7.4 by by shake flask method
AID1697999	Dissociation constant, acidic pKa of compound measured up to 18 mins by capillary electrophoresis
AID1420506	Antagonist activity at type-1 angiotensin 2 receptor (unknown origin) by calcium mobilizing assay	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID1698010	Hepatic clearance in human administered through iv dosing
AID1698007	Ratio of drug level in human blood to plasma administered through iv dosing by LC-MS/MS analysis
AID645200	Antihypertensive activity in iv dosed pithed rat model assessed as inhibition of angiotensin 2-induced pressor response by gould pressure transducer-coupled grass polygraphy	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as losartan analogue for new angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists.
AID1918193	Dissociation constant, pKa of the compound	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-10, Volume: 65, Issue:21	Identification of Organic Anion Transporter 2 Inhibitors: Screening, Structure-Based Analysis, and Clinical Drug Interaction Risk Assessment.
AID645204	Antagonist activity at angiotensin 2 receptor type 1 in New Zealand White rabbit descending thoracic aorta rings assessed as inhibition of KCl-induced contraction preincubated for 30 mins prior KCl challenge	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as losartan analogue for new angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists.
AID1698006	Ratio of drug level in cynomolgus monkey blood to plasma administered through iv dosing by LC-MS/MS analysis
AID1420533	Cmax in mouse at 20 mg/kg, po	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID1698016	Dissociation constant, basic pKa of compound measured up to 18 mins by capillary electrophoresis
AID1420508	Agonist activity at PPARgamma (unknown origin) at 1 uM relative to telmisartan	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID1420535	AUClast in mouse at 20 mg/kg, po	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID645197	Antagonist activity at angiotensin 2 receptor type 1 in New Zealand White rabbit descending thoracic aorta rings assessed as inhibition of angiotensin 2-induced contraction preincubated for 30 mins prior angiotensin 2 challenge	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as losartan analogue for new angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists.
AID1420537	Antihypertensive activity in angiotensin 2 induced hypertension rat model at 3 mg/kg, po measured until 8 hrs post dose	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID1918194	Lipophilicity, log D of the compound	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-10, Volume: 65, Issue:21	Identification of Organic Anion Transporter 2 Inhibitors: Screening, Structure-Based Analysis, and Clinical Drug Interaction Risk Assessment.
AID1698009	Hepatic clearance in cynomolgus monkey at < 1 mg/kg, iv administered as cassette dosing
AID645202	Ratio of losartan IC50 to compound IC50 for displacement of [125I]angiotensin 2 from angiotensin 2 receptor type 1 in Sprague-Dawley rat adrenal cortex membranes	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as losartan analogue for new angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists.
AID1420540	Antihypertensive activity in angiotensin 2 induced hypertension rat model assessed as time required for 50% reduction in blood pressure at 3 mg/kg, po	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID645205	Antagonist activity at angiotensin 2 receptor type 1 in New Zealand White rabbit descending thoracic aorta rings assessed as inhibition of noradrenaline-induced contraction preincubated for 30 mins prior noradrenaline challenge	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as losartan analogue for new angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists.
AID1698011	Fraction unbound in human plasma
AID1420534	AUClast in rat at 10 mg/kg, po	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID1698004	Fraction unbound in cynomolgus monkey plasma
AID645203	Ratio of losartan ED50 to compound ED50 for antihypertensive activity in iv dosed pithed rat model assessed as inhibition of angiotensin 2-induced pressor response	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as losartan analogue for new angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists.
AID645201	Ratio of losartan IC50 to compound IC50 for antagonist activity at angiotensin 2 receptor type 1 in New Zealand White rabbit descending thoracic aorta rings	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as losartan analogue for new angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists.
AID1420530	Half life in rat at 10 mg/kg, po	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID1918192	Inhibition of human OAT2 tv.1 variant expressed in HEK293 cells assessed as inhibition of [3H]cGMP uptake by scintillation analysis	2022	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 11-10, Volume: 65, Issue:21	Identification of Organic Anion Transporter 2 Inhibitors: Screening, Structure-Based Analysis, and Clinical Drug Interaction Risk Assessment.
AID1420532	Cmax in rat at 10 mg/kg, po	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID1698002	Intrinsic clearance in cryopreserved human hepatocytes at 1 uM measured up to 120 mins by LC-MS/MS analysis
AID645198	Displacement of [125I]angiotensin 2 from angiotensin 2 receptor type 1 in Sprague-Dawley rat adrenal cortex membranes after 60 mins by gamma counting	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Feb-15, Volume: 22, Issue:4	Synthesis and antihypertensive activity of pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as losartan analogue for new angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1) antagonists.
AID1420531	Tmax in rat at 10 mg/kg, po	2018	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 10-15, Volume: 28, Issue:19	Discovery of the bifunctional modulator of angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and PPARγ derived from the AT1R antagonist, Fimasartan.
AID1347160	Primary screen NINDS Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1296008	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening	2020	SLAS discovery : advancing life sciences R & D, 01, Volume: 25, Issue:1	Cytotoxic Profiling of Annotated and Diverse Chemical Libraries Using Quantitative High-Throughput Screening.
AID1346987	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-8-5-11 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
AID1347159	Primary screen GU Rhodamine qHTS for Zika virus inhibitors: Unlinked NS2B-NS3 protease assay	2020	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 12-08, Volume: 117, Issue:49	Therapeutic candidates for the Zika virus identified by a high-throughput screen for Zika protease inhibitors.
AID1346986	P-glycoprotein substrates identified in KB-3-1 adenocarcinoma cell line, qHTS therapeutic library screen	2019	Molecular pharmacology, 11, Volume: 96, Issue:5	A High-Throughput Screen of a Library of Therapeutics Identifies Cytotoxic Substrates of P-glycoprotein.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	71 (78.89)	24.3611
2020's	19 (21.11)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	42 (46.15%)	5.53%
Reviews	6 (6.59%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (1.10%)	4.05%
Observational	3 (3.30%)	0.25%
Other	39 (42.86%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
amlodipine Amlodipine: A long-acting dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It is effective in the treatment of ANGINA PECTORIS and HYPERTENSION.. amlodipine : A fully substituted dialkyl 1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate derivative, which is used for the treatment of hypertension, chronic stable angina and confirmed or suspected vasospastic angina.	8	7	5	dihydropyridine; ethyl ester; methyl ester; monochlorobenzenes; primary amino compound	antihypertensive agent; calcium channel blocker; vasodilator agent
atenolol Atenolol: A cardioselective beta-1 adrenergic blocker possessing properties and potency similar to PROPRANOLOL, but without a negative inotropic effect.. atenolol : An ethanolamine compound having a (4-carbamoylmethylphenoxy)methyl group at the 1-position and an N-isopropyl substituent.	3.56	1	1	ethanolamines; monocarboxylic acid amide; propanolamine	anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; environmental contaminant; sympatholytic agent; xenobiotic
candesartan candesartan: a nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist. candesartan : A benzimidazolecarboxylic acid that is 1H-benzimidazole-7-carboxylic acid substituted by an ethoxy group at position 2 and a ({2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl}methyl) group at position 1. It is a angiotensin receptor antagonist used for the treatment of hypertension.	9.43	1	1	benzimidazolecarboxylic acid; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
glyburide Glyburide: An antidiabetic sulfonylurea derivative with actions like those of chlorpropamide. glyburide : An N-sulfonylurea that is acetohexamide in which the acetyl group is replaced by a 2-(5-chloro-2-methoxybenzamido)ethyl group.	2.41	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; N-sulfonylurea	anti-arrhythmia drug; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.6.3.49 (channel-conductance-controlling ATPase) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
hydrochlorothiazide Hydrochlorothiazide: A thiazide diuretic often considered the prototypical member of this class. It reduces the reabsorption of electrolytes from the renal tubules. This results in increased excretion of water and electrolytes, including sodium, potassium, chloride, and magnesium. It is used in the treatment of several disorders including edema, hypertension, diabetes insipidus, and hypoparathyroidism.. hydrochlorothiazide : A benzothiadiazine that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,1-dioxide substituted by a chloro group at position 6 and a sulfonamide at 7. It is diuretic used for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure.	5.67	3	2	benzothiadiazine; organochlorine compound; sulfonamide	antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
imipramine Imipramine: The prototypical tricyclic antidepressant. It has been used in major depression, dysthymia, bipolar depression, attention-deficit disorders, agoraphobia, and panic disorders. It has less sedative effect than some other members of this therapeutic group.. imipramine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom.	2.41	1	0	dibenzoazepine	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor
indomethacin Indomethacin: A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.. indometacin : A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis.	2.41	1	0	aromatic ether; indole-3-acetic acids; monochlorobenzenes; N-acylindole	analgesic; drug metabolite; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic metabolite; xenobiotic
ketoconazole 1-acetyl-4-(4-{[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-imidazol-1-ylmethyl)-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]methoxy}phenyl)piperazine : A dioxolane that is 1,3-dioxolane which is substituted at positions 2, 2, and 4 by imidazol-1-ylmethyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, and [para-(4-acetylpiperazin-1-yl)phenoxy]methyl groups, respectively.	8.47	1	1	dichlorobenzene; dioxolane; ether; imidazoles; N-acylpiperazine; N-arylpiperazine
ketoprofen Ketoprofen: An IBUPROFEN-type anti-inflammatory analgesic and antipyretic. It is used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis.. ketoprofen : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2.	2.41	1	0	benzophenones; oxo monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; drug allergen; EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
losartan Losartan: An antagonist of ANGIOTENSIN TYPE 1 RECEPTOR with antihypertensive activity due to the reduced pressor effect of ANGIOTENSIN II.. losartan : A biphenylyltetrazole where a 1,1'-biphenyl group is attached at the 5-position and has an additional trisubstituted imidazol-1-ylmethyl group at the 4'-position	7.48	5	4	biphenylyltetrazole; imidazoles	angiotensin receptor antagonist; anti-arrhythmia drug; antihypertensive agent; endothelin receptor antagonist
nadolol [no description available]	2.41	1	0	tetralins
nifedipine Nifedipine: A potent vasodilator agent with calcium antagonistic action. It is a useful anti-anginal agent that also lowers blood pressure.	2.41	1	0	C-nitro compound; dihydropyridine; methyl ester	calcium channel blocker; human metabolite; tocolytic agent; vasodilator agent
pioglitazone Pioglitazone: A thiazolidinedione and PPAR GAMMA agonist that is used in the treatment of TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS.. pioglitazone : A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity.	2.17	1	0	aromatic ether; pyridines; thiazolidinediones	antidepressant; cardioprotective agent; EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; EC 6.2.1.3 (long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase) inhibitor; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; insulin-sensitizing drug; PPARgamma agonist; xenobiotic
sulfisoxazole Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.	2.41	1	0	isoxazoles; sulfonamide antibiotic; sulfonamide	antibacterial drug; drug allergen
sumatriptan Sumatriptan: A serotonin agonist that acts selectively at 5HT1 receptors. It is used in the treatment of MIGRAINE DISORDERS.. sumatriptan : A sulfonamide that consists of N,N-dimethyltryptamine bearing an additional (N-methylsulfamoyl)methyl substituent at position 5. Selective agonist for a vascular 5-HT1 receptor subtype (probably a member of the 5-HT1D family). Used (in the form of its succinate salt) for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults.	2.41	1	0	sulfonamide; tryptamines	serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
aldosterone [no description available]	6	3	3	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 18-oxo steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid hormone; mineralocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone; steroid aldehyde	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
estrone Hydroxyestrones: Estrone derivatives substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups in any position. They are important metabolites of estrone and other estrogens.	4.37	1	1	17-oxo steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; phenolic steroid; phenols	antineoplastic agent; bone density conservation agent; estrogen; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
methicillin Methicillin: One of the PENICILLINS which is resistant to PENICILLINASE but susceptible to a penicillin-binding protein. It is inactivated by gastric acid so administered by injection.. methicillin : A penicillin that is 6-aminopenicillanic acid in which one of the amino hydrogens is replaced by a 2,6-dimethoxybenzoyl group.	2.41	1	0	penicillin allergen; penicillin	antibacterial drug
valine Valine: A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair. It is a precursor in the penicillin biosynthetic pathway.. valine : A branched-chain amino acid that consists of glycine in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon is substituted by an isopropyl group.. L-valine : The L-enantiomer of valine.	5.82	2	2	L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid; valine	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
diphenyl diphenyl: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd; structure	2.08	1	0	aromatic fungicide; benzenes; biphenyls	antifungal agrochemical; antimicrobial food preservative
pyrroles 1H-pyrrole : A tautomer of pyrrole that has the double bonds at positions 2 and 4.. pyrrole : A five-membered monocyclic heteroarene comprising one NH and four CH units which forms the parent compound of the pyrrole group of compounds. Its five-membered ring structure has three tautomers. A 'closed class'.. azole : Any monocyclic heteroarene consisting of a five-membered ring containing nitrogen. Azoles can also contain one or more other non-carbon atoms, such as nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen.	4.37	1	1	pyrrole; secondary amine
tramadol Tramadol: A narcotic analgesic proposed for severe pain. It may be habituating.. tramadol : A racemate consisting of equal amounts of (R,R)- and (S,S)-tramadol. A centrally acting synthetic opioid analgesic, used (as the hydrochloride salt) to treat moderately severe pain. The (R,R)-enantiomer exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer. Originally developed by Gruenenthal GmbH and launched in 1977, it was subsequently isolated from the root bark of the South African tree Nauclea latifolia.. (R,R)-tramadol : A 2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol in which both stereocentres have R-configuration; the (R,R)-enantiomer of the racemic opioid analgesic tramadol, it exhibits ten-fold higher analgesic potency than the (S,S)-enantiomer.	2.31	1	0	2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)cyclohexanol	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antitussive; capsaicin receptor antagonist; delta-opioid receptor agonist; kappa-opioid receptor agonist; metabolite; mu-opioid receptor agonist; muscarinic antagonist; nicotinic antagonist; NMDA receptor antagonist; opioid analgesic; serotonergic antagonist; serotonin uptake inhibitor
atomoxetine atomoxetine : A secondary amino compound having methyl and 3-(2-methylphenoxy)-3-phenylpropan-1-yl substituents.	2.41	1	0	aromatic ether; secondary amino compound; toluenes	adrenergic uptake inhibitor; antidepressant; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
amifloxacin amifloxacin: structure in UD	2.41	1	0	quinolines
atorvastatin [no description available]	6.05	3	3	aromatic amide; dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid; monofluorobenzenes; pyrroles; statin (synthetic)	environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
valsartan Valsartan: A tetrazole derivative and ANGIOTENSIN II TYPE 1 RECEPTOR BLOCKER that is used to treat HYPERTENSION.. valsartan : A monocarboxylic acid amide consisting of L-valine in which the amino hydrogens have been replaced by a pentanoyl and a [2'-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl]-4-yl]methyl group. It exhibits antihypertensive activity.	8.67	8	7	biphenylyltetrazole; monocarboxylic acid amide; monocarboxylic acid	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
zolmitriptan zolmitriptan: an antimigraine compound; a serotonin (5HT)-1D receptor agonist. zolmitriptan : A member of the class of tryptamines that is N,N-dimethyltryptamine in which the hydrogen at position 5 of the indole ring has been replaced by a [(4S)-2-oxo-1,3-oxazolidin-4-yl]methyl group. A serotonin 5-HT1 B and D receptor agonist, it is used for the treatment of migraine.	2.41	1	0	oxazolidinone; tryptamines	anti-inflammatory drug; serotonergic agonist; vasoconstrictor agent
3-iodobenzylguanidine 3-Iodobenzylguanidine: A guanidine analog with specific affinity for tissues of the sympathetic nervous system and related tumors. The radiolabeled forms are used as antineoplastic agents and radioactive imaging agents. (Merck Index, 12th ed) MIBG serves as a neuron-blocking agent which has a strong affinity for, and retention in, the adrenal medulla and also inhibits ADP-ribosyltransferase.	2.11	1	0	organoiodine compound
trovafloxacin trovafloxacin: a trifluoronaphthyridone derivative of 7-(3-azabicyclo(3.1.0)hexyl)naphthyridone; has antineoplastic activity. trovafloxacin : A 1,8-naphthyridine derivative that is 4-oxo-1,4-dihydro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid bearing additional 2,4-difluorophenyl, fluoro and 6-amino-3-azabicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl substituents at positions 1, 6 and 7 respectively. A broad-spectrum antibiotic that was withdrawn from the market due to risk of liver failure.	2.41	1	0
telmisartan Telmisartan: A biphenyl compound and benzimidazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION.. telmisartan : A member of the class of benzimidazoles used widely in the treatment of hypertension.	2.41	1	0	benzimidazoles; biphenyls; carboxybiphenyl	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
inogatran inogatran: a direct low molecular weight thrombin inhibitor	2.41	1	0
fluorodeoxyglucose f18 Fluorodeoxyglucose F18: The compound is given by intravenous injection to do POSITRON-EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY for the assessment of cerebral and myocardial glucose metabolism in various physiological or pathological states including stroke and myocardial ischemia. It is also employed for the detection of malignant tumors including those of the brain, liver, and thyroid gland. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1162)	2.11	1	0	2-deoxy-2-((18)F)fluoro-D-glucose; 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-aldehydo-D-glucose
perindopril Perindopril: An angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. It is used in patients with hypertension and heart failure.. perindopril : An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline	6.21	3	2	alpha-amino acid ester; dicarboxylic acid monoester; ethyl ester; organic heterobicyclic compound	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
naproxen Naproxen: An anti-inflammatory agent with analgesic and antipyretic properties. Both the acid and its sodium salt are used in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders, dysmenorrhea, and acute gout.. naproxen : A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes.	2.31	1	0	methoxynaphthalene; monocarboxylic acid	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; environmental contaminant; gout suppressant; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
olmesartan olmesartan: an active metabolite of CS 866	9.55	1	1	biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent
angiotensin ii Giapreza: injectable form of angiotensin II used to increase blood pressure in adult patients with septic or other distributive shock. Ile(5)-angiotensin II : An angiotensin II that acts on the central nervous system (PDB entry: 1N9V).	4.37	1	1	amino acid zwitterion; angiotensin II	human metabolite
tolterodine [no description available]	2.41	1	0	tertiary amine	antispasmodic drug; muscarinic antagonist; muscle relaxant
digoxin Digoxin: A cardiotonic glycoside obtained mainly from Digitalis lanata; it consists of three sugars and the aglycone DIGOXIGENIN. Digoxin has positive inotropic and negative chronotropic activity. It is used to control ventricular rate in ATRIAL FIBRILLATION and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation. Its use in congestive heart failure and sinus rhythm is less certain. The margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p666). digoxin : A cardenolide glycoside that is digitoxin beta-hydroxylated at C-12. A cardiac glycoside extracted from the foxglove plant, Digitalis lanata, it is used to control ventricular rate in atrial fibrillation and in the management of congestive heart failure with atrial fibrillation, but the margin between toxic and therapeutic doses is small.	8.45	1	1	cardenolide glycoside; steroid saponin	anti-arrhythmia drug; cardiotonic drug; EC 3.6.3.9 (Na(+)/K(+)-transporting ATPase) inhibitor; epitope
nadp [no description available]	3.51	1	1
estrone sulfate estrone sulfate: sulfoconjugated estrone; RN given refers to parent cpd	4.37	1	1	17-oxo steroid; steroid sulfate	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
entacapone entacapone: structure given in first source. entacapone : A monocarboxylic acid amide that is N,N-diethylprop-2-enamide in which the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a cyano group and the hydrogen at the 3E position is substituted by a 3,4-dihydroxy-5-nitrophenyl group.	2.41	1	0	2-nitrophenols; catechols; monocarboxylic acid amide; nitrile	antidyskinesia agent; antiparkinson drug; central nervous system drug; EC 2.1.1.6 (catechol O-methyltransferase) inhibitor
l 660,711 [no description available]	2.41	1	0	quinolines
alvimopan anhydrous alvimopan: mu opioid receptor antagonist; intended to treat constipation in patients taking opiates for pain	2.41	1	0	peptide
dantrolene [no description available]	2.41	1	0
s 1743 Esomeprazole: The S-isomer of omeprazole.. esomeprazole : A 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole that has S configuration at the sulfur atom. An inhibitor of gastric acid secretion, it is used (generally as its sodium or magnesium salt) for the treatment of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.	2.31	1	0	magnesium salt	anti-ulcer drug; EC 3.6.3.10 (H(+)/K(+)-exchanging ATPase) inhibitor
5-hydroxydantrolene 5-hydroxydantrolene: dantrolene metabolte	2.41	1	0	imidazolidine-2,4-dione
sacubitril [no description available]	8.23	1	0	biphenyls
linagliptin Linagliptin: A purine and quinazoline derivative that functions as an INCRETIN and DIPEPTIDYL-PEPTIDASE IV INHIBTOR. It is used as a HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT in the treatment of TYPE II DIABETES MELLITUS.. linagliptin : A xanthine that is 7H-xanthine bearing (4-methylquinazolin-2-yl)methyl, methyl, but-2-yn-1-yl and 3-aminopiperidin-1-yl substituents at positions 1, 3, 7 and 8 respectively (the R-enantiomer). Used for treatment of type II diabetes.	9.55	1	1	aminopiperidine; quinazolines	EC 3.4.14.5 (dipeptidyl-peptidase IV) inhibitor; hypoglycemic agent
cardiovascular agents Cardiovascular Agents: Agents that affect the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter, or blood volume.	2.08	1	0
lesinurad lesinurad: a uric acid reabsorption inhibitor. lesinurad : A member of the class of triazoles that is [(3-bromo-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)sulfanyl]acetic acid substituted at position 1 of the triazole ring by a 4-cyclopropylnaphthalen-1-yl group. Used for treatment of gout.	2.41	1	0	aryl sulfide; cyclopropanes; monocarboxylic acid; naphthalenes; organobromine compound; triazoles	uricosuric drug
warfarin Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.	9.37	1	1	benzenes; hydroxycoumarin; methyl ketone
angiotensin i Angiotensin I: A decapeptide that is cleaved from precursor angiotensinogen by RENIN. Angiotensin I has limited biological activity. It is converted to angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, after the removal of two amino acids at the C-terminal by ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME.. angiotensin I : A ten amino acid peptide formed by renin cleavage of angiotensinogen. Angiotensin I has no direct biological function except that high levels can stimulate catecholamine production. It is metabolized to its biologically active byproduct angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) through cleavage of the two terminal amino acids.. angiotensin I dizwitterion : A peptide zwitterion that is the dizwitterionic form of angiotensin I having both carboxy groups deprotonated and the aspartyl amino group and arginine side-chain protonated. It is the major species at pH 7.3.	4.37	1	1	angiotensin; peptide zwitterion	human metabolite; neurotransmitter agent
2-hydroxyatorvastatin 2-hydroxyatorvastatin: an atorvastatin metabolite	4.37	1	1
rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160)	3.47	1	1	cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion	angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor
pemetrexed pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).	2.41	1	0	N-acyl-L-glutamic acid; pyrrolopyrimidine	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor; EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	0	3.4	6	0
Congenital Zika Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Zika Virus Infection A viral disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with ZIKA VIRUS. Its mild DENGUE-like symptoms include fever, rash, headaches and ARTHRALGIA. The viral infection during pregnancy, in rare cases, is associated with congenital brain and ocular abnormalities, called Congenital Zika Syndrome, including MICROCEPHALY and may also lead to GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME.	0	2.25	1	0
Hypertension, Essential [description not available]	0	10.22	11	11
Essential Hypertension Hypertension that occurs without known cause, or preexisting renal disease. Associated polymorphisms for a number of genes have been identified, including AGT, GNB3, and ECE1. OMIM: 145500	1	12.22	11	11
Acute Kidney Failure [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA.	0	7.41	1	0
Acute Kidney Injury Abrupt reduction in kidney function. Acute kidney injury encompasses the entire spectrum of the syndrome including acute kidney failure; ACUTE KIDNEY TUBULAR NECROSIS; and other less severe conditions.	0	2.41	1	0
Blood Pressure, High [description not available]	0	16.79	50	27
Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more.	1	18.79	50	27
Chronic Kidney Diseases [description not available]	0	5.5	2	2
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	0	3.8	1	1
Albuminuria The presence of albumin in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	9.02	2	1
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	0	5.5	2	2
Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.	0	3.8	1	1
Proteinuria The presence of proteins in the urine, an indicator of KIDNEY DISEASES.	0	5.5	2	2
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level for more than three months. Chronic kidney insufficiency is classified by five stages according to the decline in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA). The most severe form is the end-stage renal disease (CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE). (Kidney Foundation: Kidney Disease Outcome Quality Initiative, 2002)	0	5.5	2	2
Apoplexy [description not available]	0	4.89	3	2
Cardiac Failure [description not available]	0	4.25	3	1
Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Heart Failure A heterogeneous condition in which the heart is unable to pump out sufficient blood to meet the metabolic need of the body. Heart failure can be caused by structural defects, functional abnormalities (VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION), or a sudden overload beyond its capacity. Chronic heart failure is more common than acute heart failure which results from sudden insult to cardiac function, such as MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.	0	4.25	3	1
Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION).	0	7.6	1	0
Stroke A group of pathological conditions characterized by sudden, non-convulsive loss of neurological function due to BRAIN ISCHEMIA or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Stroke is classified by the type of tissue NECROSIS, such as the anatomic location, vasculature involved, etiology, age of the affected individual, and hemorrhagic vs. non-hemorrhagic nature. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp777-810)	0	9.89	3	2
Cerebral Ischemia [description not available]	0	4.24	3	1
Brain Ischemia Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obstruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjunction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.	0	4.24	3	1
Liver Dysfunction [description not available]	0	4.55	1	1
Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER.	0	4.55	1	1
Dyslipidemia [description not available]	0	7.25	1	0
Dyslipidemias Abnormalities in the serum levels of LIPIDS, including overproduction or deficiency. Abnormal serum lipid profiles may include high total CHOLESTEROL, high TRIGLYCERIDES, low HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, and elevated LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL.	0	2.25	1	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	0	3.73	3	0
Cardiometabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components not only include metabolic dysfunctions of METABOLIC SYNDROME but also HYPERTENSION, and ABDOMINAL OBESITY.	0	2.15	1	0
Metabolic Syndrome A cluster of symptoms that are risk factors for CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES and TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS. The major components of metabolic syndrome include ABDOMINAL OBESITY; atherogenic DYSLIPIDEMIA; HYPERTENSION; HYPERGLYCEMIA; INSULIN RESISTANCE; a proinflammatory state; and a prothrombotic (THROMBOSIS) state.	0	7.15	1	0
Complications of Diabetes Mellitus [description not available]	0	4.45	1	1
Hypertension, Renal Persistent high BLOOD PRESSURE due to KIDNEY DISEASES, such as those involving the renal parenchyma, the renal vasculature, or tumors that secrete RENIN.	0	4.82	2	1
Nephritis Inflammation of any part of the KIDNEY.	0	4.84	2	1
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	0	2.15	1	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	0	2.15	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Insulin Sensitivity [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	0	2.17	1	0
Insulin Resistance Diminished effectiveness of INSULIN in lowering blood sugar levels: requiring the use of 200 units or more of insulin per day to prevent HYPERGLYCEMIA or KETOSIS.	0	2.17	1	0
Brain Swelling [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Acute Brain Injuries [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Brain Hemorrhage, Cerebral [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Brain Inflammation [description not available]	0	2.17	1	0
Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)	0	2.17	1	0
Brain Injuries Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.	0	2.17	1	0
Cerebral Hemorrhage Bleeding into one or both CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES including the BASAL GANGLIA and the CEREBRAL CORTEX. It is often associated with HYPERTENSION and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.	0	7.17	1	0
Encephalitis Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.	0	2.17	1	0
Atheroma [description not available]	0	3.92	2	1
Arterial Diseases, Carotid [description not available]	0	3.59	1	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	0	4	2	1
Carotid Artery Diseases Pathological conditions involving the CAROTID ARTERIES, including the common, internal, and external carotid arteries. ATHEROSCLEROSIS and TRAUMA are relatively frequent causes of carotid artery pathology.	0	3.59	1	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	0	4	2	1
Carotid Arteriopathies, Traumatic [description not available]	0	2.21	1	0
Neointima The new and thickened layer of scar tissue that forms on a PROSTHESIS, or as a result of vessel injury especially following ANGIOPLASTY or stent placement.	0	7.21	1	0
Disease Exacerbation [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Atherogenesis [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.	0	2.08	1	0
Injury, Myocardial Reperfusion [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Bilateral Headache [description not available]	0	8.41	6	5
Headache The symptom of PAIN in the cranial region. It may be an isolated benign occurrence or manifestation of a wide variety of HEADACHE DISORDERS.	0	8.41	6	5
Hepatic Insufficiency Conditions in which the LIVER functions fall below the normal ranges. Severe hepatic insufficiency may cause LIVER FAILURE or DEATH. Treatment may include LIVER TRANSPLANTATION.	0	4.39	1	1
Kidney Failure A severe irreversible decline in the ability of kidneys to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism.	0	3.48	1	1
Renal Insufficiency Conditions in which the KIDNEYS perform below the normal level in the ability to remove wastes, concentrate URINE, and maintain ELECTROLYTE BALANCE; BLOOD PRESSURE; and CALCIUM metabolism. Renal insufficiency can be classified by the degree of kidney damage (as measured by the level of PROTEINURIA) and reduction in GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE.	0	3.48	1	1
Acute Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION in which the anterior wall of the heart is involved. Anterior wall myocardial infarction is often caused by occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery. It can be categorized as anteroseptal or anterolateral wall myocardial infarction.	0	2.11	1	0
Cardiomyopathies, Primary [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Cardiomyopathies A group of diseases in which the dominant feature is the involvement of the CARDIAC MUSCLE itself. Cardiomyopathies are classified according to their predominant pathophysiological features (DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMYOPATHY; RESTRICTIVE CARDIOMYOPATHY) or their etiological/pathological factors (CARDIOMYOPATHY, ALCOHOLIC; ENDOCARDIAL FIBROELASTOSIS).	0	2.11	1	0
Bleeding [description not available]	0	2.13	1	0
Hemorrhage Bleeding or escape of blood from a vessel.	0	2.13	1	0
Cirrhosis [description not available]	0	2.11	1	0
Ureteral Obstruction Blockage in any part of the URETER causing obstruction of urine flow from the kidney to the URINARY BLADDER. The obstruction may be congenital, acquired, unilateral, bilateral, complete, partial, acute, or chronic. Depending on the degree and duration of the obstruction, clinical features vary greatly such as HYDRONEPHROSIS and obstructive nephropathy.	0	7.11	1	0
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	0	7.11	1	0
Hyperuricemia Excessive URIC ACID or urate in blood as defined by its solubility in plasma at 37 degrees C; greater than 0.42mmol per liter (7.0mg/dL) in men or 0.36mmol per liter (6.0mg/dL) in women. This condition is caused by overproduction of uric acid or impaired renal clearance. Hyperuricemia can be acquired, drug-induced or genetically determined (LESCH-NYHAN SYNDROME). It is associated with HYPERTENSION and GOUT.	0	2.13	1	0
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	0	2.13	1	0
Elevated Cholesterol [description not available]	0	4.45	1	1
Hypercholesterolemia A condition with abnormally high levels of CHOLESTEROL in the blood. It is defined as a cholesterol value exceeding the 95th percentile for the population.	0	4.45	1	1
Arrhythmia [description not available]	0	3.45	1	1
Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.	0	3.45	1	1
Dizzyness [description not available]	0	5.25	2	1
Dizziness An imprecise term which may refer to a sense of spatial disorientation, motion of the environment, or lightheadedness.	0	5.25	2	1

fimasartan

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Overview

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Dosage Studied

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Research Demand Index: 53.32

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fimasartan

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (43)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Protein Targets (7)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (73)

Molecular Functions (22)

Ceullar Components (22)

Bioassays (37)

Research

Studies (90)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 53.32

Study Types

Related Drugs (55)

Related Conditions (83)