Catenin beta-1

A catenin beta-1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P35222]

Synonyms

Beta-catenin

Research

Bioassay Publications (6)

Timeframe	Studies on this Protein(%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	0 (0.00)	29.6817
2010's	5 (83.33)	24.3611
2020's	1 (16.67)	2.80

Compounds (6)

Drugs with Inhibition Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
salvin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	5.2130	1	0
salvin	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	4.8780	3	2
toxoflavin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	82.9600	5	5
toxoflavin	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	4.7750	4	4
cercosporin	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	68.2000	5	5
cercosporin	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	20.9500	4	4
LSM-42773	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	310.0000	1	1
etodolac, (-)-isomer	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	683.0000	1	1
ucn 1028 c	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50	58.7500	4	4
ucn 1028 c	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	18.0000	2	2

Drugs with Activation Measurements

Drug	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (mM)	Bioassay(s)	Publication(s)
salvin	Homo sapiens (human)	Kd	20.0000	1	1

Enables

This protein enables 21 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
transcription coregulator binding	molecular function	Binding to a transcription coregulator, a protein involved in regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other transcription regulatory proteins. Cofactors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. [GOC:krc]
transcription corepressor binding	molecular function	Binding to a transcription corepressor, a protein involved in negative regulation of transcription via protein-protein interactions with transcription factors and other proteins that negatively regulate transcription. Transcription corepressors do not bind DNA directly, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressing transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery. [GOC:krc]
chromatin binding	molecular function	Binding to chromatin, the network of fibers of DNA, protein, and sometimes RNA, that make up the chromosomes of the eukaryotic nucleus during interphase. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:20404130]
transcription coactivator activity	molecular function	A transcription coregulator activity that activates or increases the transcription of specific gene sets via binding to a DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factor, either on its own or as part of a complex. Coactivators often act by altering chromatin structure and modifications. For example, one class of transcription coactivators modifies chromatin structure through covalent modification of histones. A second class remodels the conformation of chromatin in an ATP-dependent fashion. A third class modulates interactions of DNA-bound DNA-binding transcription factors with other transcription coregulators. A fourth class of coactivator activity is the bridging of a DNA-binding transcription factor to the general (basal) transcription machinery. The Mediator complex, which bridges sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factors and RNA polymerase, is also a transcription coactivator. [GOC:txnOH-2018, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867]
signaling receptor binding	molecular function	Binding to one or more specific sites on a receptor molecule, a macromolecule that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. [GOC:bf, GOC:ceb, ISBN:0198506732]
protein binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
nuclear receptor binding	molecular function	Binding to a nuclear receptor protein. Nuclear receptor proteins are DNA-binding transcription factors which are regulated by binding to a ligand. [PMID:7776974]
enzyme binding	molecular function	Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity. [GOC:jl]
kinase binding	molecular function	Binding to a kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group. [GOC:jl]
protein kinase binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. [GOC:jl]
nuclear estrogen receptor binding	molecular function	Binding to a nuclear estrogen receptor. [GOC:ai]
ubiquitin protein ligase binding	molecular function	Binding to a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins. [GOC:vp]
transmembrane transporter binding	molecular function	Binding to a transmembrane transporter, a protein or protein complex that enables the transfer of a substance, usually a specific substance or a group of related substances, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:BHF, GOC:jl, PMID:33199372]
alpha-catenin binding	molecular function	Binding to catenin complex alpha subunit. [GOC:bf]
cadherin binding	molecular function	Binding to cadherin, a type I membrane protein involved in cell adhesion. [GOC:bf]
SMAD binding	molecular function	Binding to a SMAD signaling protein. [GOC:ai]
RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding	molecular function	Binding to a sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any of the factors that interact selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw]
I-SMAD binding	molecular function	Binding to an inhibitory SMAD signaling protein. [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, PMID:19114992]
disordered domain specific binding	molecular function	Binding to a disordered domain of a protein. [GOC:gg, PMID:11746698]
DNA-binding transcription factor binding	molecular function	Binding to a DNA-binding transcription factor, a protein that interacts with a specific DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within the regulatory region of a gene to modulate transcription. [GOC:txnOH-2018]
protein phosphatase binding	molecular function	Binding to a protein phosphatase. [GOC:jl]

Located In

This protein is located in 32 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
spindle pole	cellular component	Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules. [GOC:clt]
nucleus	cellular component	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators]
nucleoplasm	cellular component	That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. [GOC:ma, ISBN:0124325653]
cytoplasm	cellular component	The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684]
centrosome	cellular component	A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684]
cytosol	cellular component	The part of the cytoplasm that does not contain organelles but which does contain other particulate matter, such as protein complexes. [GOC:hjd, GOC:jl]
plasma membrane	cellular component	The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
cell-cell junction	cellular component	A cell junction that forms a connection between two or more cells of an organism; excludes direct cytoplasmic intercellular bridges, such as ring canals in insects. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:dgh, GOC:hb, GOC:mah, PMID:21422226, PMID:28096264]
adherens junction	cellular component	A cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex. The epithelial cadherins, or E-cadherins, of each interacting cell extend through the plasma membrane into the extracellular space and bind to each other. The E-cadherins bind to catenins on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, where the E-cadherin-catenin complex binds to cytoskeletal components and regulatory and signaling molecules. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:17854762, PMID:20571587, PMID:21422226, PMID:28096264]
fascia adherens	cellular component	A cell-cell junction that contains the transmembrane protein N-cadherin, which interacts with identical molecules from neighbouring cells to form a tight mechanical intercellular link; forms a large portion of the intercalated disc, the structure at which myofibrils terminate in cardiomyocytes. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:11732910]
bicellular tight junction	cellular component	An occluding cell-cell junction that is composed of a branching network of sealing strands that completely encircles the apical end of each cell in an epithelial sheet; the outer leaflets of the two interacting plasma membranes are seen to be tightly apposed where sealing strands are present. Each sealing strand is composed of a long row of transmembrane adhesion proteins embedded in each of the two interacting plasma membranes. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815332181]
focal adhesion	cellular component	A cell-substrate junction that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments. In insects focal adhesion has also been referred to as hemi-adherens junction (HAJ). [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0815316208, PMID:10419689, PMID:12191915, PMID:15246682, PMID:1643657, PMID:16805308, PMID:19197329, PMID:23033047, PMID:26923917, PMID:28796323, PMID:8314002]
cell cortex	cellular component	The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]
membrane	cellular component	A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it and attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]
basolateral plasma membrane	cellular component	The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. [GOC:go_curators]
apicolateral plasma membrane	cellular component	The apical end of the lateral plasma membrane of epithelial cells. [GOC:hb]
lateral plasma membrane	cellular component	The portion of the plasma membrane at the lateral side of the cell. In epithelial cells, lateral plasma membranes are on the sides of cells which lie at the interface of adjacent cells. [GOC:hb, GOC:mah, GOC:pr]
Z disc	cellular component	Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194]
lamellipodium	cellular component	A thin sheetlike process extended by the leading edge of a migrating cell or extending cell process; contains a dense meshwork of actin filaments. [ISBN:0815316194]
cell junction	cellular component	A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells, or between a cell and the extracellular matrix, or between two membrane-bound components of a cell, such as flagella. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mah, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_a.html, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:26820516, PMID:28096264]
microvillus membrane	cellular component	The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a microvillus. [GOC:mah]
presynaptic membrane	cellular component	A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815316194]
apical part of cell	cellular component	The region of a polarized cell that forms a tip or is distal to a base. For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the apical region has an exposed surface and lies opposite to the basal lamina that separates the epithelium from other tissue. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]
synapse	cellular component	The junction between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, a muscle fiber or a glial cell. As the axon approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic terminal bouton, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the terminal bouton is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic terminal bouton secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. [GOC:aruk, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:24619342, PMID:29383328, PMID:31998110]
postsynaptic membrane	cellular component	A specialized area of membrane facing the presynaptic membrane on the tip of the nerve ending and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft). Neurotransmitters cross the synaptic cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. [ISBN:0198506732]
perinuclear region of cytoplasm	cellular component	Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus. [GOC:jid]
extracellular exosome	cellular component	A vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm. [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vesicles, PMID:15908444, PMID:17641064, PMID:19442504, PMID:19498381, PMID:22418571, PMID:24009894]
cell periphery	cellular component	The broad region around and including the plasma membrane of a cell, encompassing the cell cortex (inside the cell), the plasma membrane, and any external encapsulating structures. [GOC:pdt]
Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse	cellular component	A synapse between the Schaffer collateral axon of a CA3 pyramidal cell and a CA1 pyramidal cell. [PMID:16399689]
presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component	cellular component	A specialized region below the presynaptic membrane, characterized by electron-dense material, a specialized cytoskeletal matrix and accumulated (associated) synaptic vesicles. [GOC:dos]
glutamatergic synapse	cellular component	A synapse that uses glutamate as a neurotransmitter. [GOC:dos]
postsynaptic density, intracellular component	cellular component	A network of proteins adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane forming an electron dense disc. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize neurotransmitter receptors in the adjacent membrane, such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. [GOC:dos]

Active In

This protein is active in 3 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
cytoplasm	cellular component	The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684]
adherens junction	cellular component	A cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex. The epithelial cadherins, or E-cadherins, of each interacting cell extend through the plasma membrane into the extracellular space and bind to each other. The E-cadherins bind to catenins on the cytoplasmic side of the membrane, where the E-cadherin-catenin complex binds to cytoskeletal components and regulatory and signaling molecules. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:17854762, PMID:20571587, PMID:21422226, PMID:28096264]
nucleus	cellular component	A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators]

Part Of

This protein is part of 12 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
beta-catenin-TCF complex	cellular component	A protein complex that contains beta-catenin and a member of the T-cell factor (TCF)/lymphoid enhancer binding factor (LEF) family of transcription factors. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:11751639, PMID:16936075, PMID:20123964, PMID:21075118, PMID:9419974]
euchromatin	cellular component	A dispersed and relatively uncompacted form of chromatin that is in a transcription-competent conformation. [PMID:32017156]
transcription regulator complex	cellular component	A protein complex that is capable of associating with DNA by direct binding, or via other DNA-binding proteins or complexes, and regulating transcription. [GOC:jl]
catenin complex	cellular component	Complex of peripheral cytoplasmic proteins (alpha-, beta- and gamma-catenin) that interact with the cytoplasmic region of uvomorulin/E-cadherin to connect it to the actin cytoskeleton. [ISBN:0198599323]
flotillin complex	cellular component	A protein complex that contains flotillin-1 and flotillin-2, and may contain associated proteins. Flotillins associate into membrane microdomains resembling caveolae. [PMID:17206938, PMID:17600709]
beta-catenin destruction complex	cellular component	A cytoplasmic protein complex containing glycogen synthase kinase-3-beta (GSK-3-beta), the adenomatous polyposis coli protein (APC), and the scaffolding protein axin, among others; phosphorylates beta-catenin, targets it for degradation by the proteasome. [PMID:14600025]
protein-containing complex	cellular component	A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]
protein-DNA complex	cellular component	A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules. [GOC:mah]
Scrib-APC-beta-catenin complex	cellular component	A protein complex that contains the Scribble protein (a cell polarity determinant), the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), and beta-catenin; may be involved in the control of cell proliferation. [PMID:16611247]
beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex	cellular component	A protein complex that contains beta-catenin and TCF7L2 (TCF4), binds to the TCF DNA motif within a promoter element, and is involved in the regulation of WNT target gene transcription. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:9065401, PMID:9065402]
beta-catenin-ICAT complex	cellular component	Transcription factor complex that inhibits binding of Tcf to beta-catenin while preserving interaction of catenin with cadherin thus inhibiting transcription mediated by beta-catenin-Tcf complex. [GOC:bhm, PMID:12408824]
Wnt signalosome	cellular component	A multiprotein protein complex containing membrane-localized Wnt receptors and cytosolic protein complexes, which is capable of transmitting the Wnt signal. Contains at least a Wnt protein, LRP5 or LRP6, a member of the Frizzled (Fz) family, Axin and and a Dishevelled (DVL) protein. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:22899650, PMID:25336320]

Involved In

This protein is involved in 151 target(s):

Target	Category	Definition
negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
MAPK cascade	biological process	An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAP kinase (MAPK). It starts with the activation of a MAP3K, and the consecutive activation of a MPK2K and a MAPK. The cascade can also contain an additional tier: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell. [PMID:20811974, PMID:9561267]
protein polyubiquitination	biological process	Addition of multiple ubiquitin groups to a protein, forming a ubiquitin chain. [ISBN:0815316194]
embryonic axis specification	biological process	The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of a pattern along a line or a point in an embryo. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb]
branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis	biological process	The process of coordinated growth and sprouting of blood vessels giving rise to the organized vascular system. [GOC:dph]
osteoblast differentiation	biological process	The process whereby a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an osteoblast, a mesodermal or neural crest cell that gives rise to bone. [CL:0000062, GO_REF:0000034, GOC:jid]
branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis	biological process	The process in which the branching structure of the ureteric bud is generated and organized. The ureteric bud is an epithelial tube that grows out from the metanephric duct. The bud elongates and branches to give rise to the ureter and kidney collecting tubules. [GOC:dph, PMID:16916378]
in utero embryonic development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo in the uterus over time, from formation of the zygote in the oviduct, to birth. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu]
gastrulation with mouth forming second	biological process	A gastrulation process in which the initial invagination becomes the anus and the mouth forms second. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu]
cell fate specification	biological process	The cellular developmental process involved in cell fate commitment in which the cell is designated to follow a developmental path, unless they receive extrinsic cues that direct an alternative fate. [GOC:go_curators]
endodermal cell fate commitment	biological process	The cell differentiation process that results in commitment of a cell to become part of the endoderm. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0878932437]
neuron migration	biological process	The characteristic movement of an immature neuron from germinal zones to specific positions where they will reside as they mature. [CL:0000540, GOC:go_curators]
epithelial to mesenchymal transition	biological process	A transition where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. [GOC:dph, PMID:14701881]
neural plate development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural plate over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neural plate is a flat, thickened layer of ectodermal cells. The underlying dorsal mesoderm signals the ectodermal cells above it to elongate into columnar neural plate cells. The neural plate subsequently develops into the neural tube, which gives rise to the central nervous system. [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, ISBN:0878932437, ISBN:0878932585]
positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the rate of neuroblast proliferation. [GOC:dph]
positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation	biological process	The process of activating or increasing the rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. Mesenchymal cells are loosely organized embryonic cells. [GOC:dph]
chondrocyte differentiation	biological process	The process in which a chondroblast acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of a chondrocyte. A chondrocyte is a polymorphic cell that forms cartilage. [GOC:dph]
lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye	biological process	The process in which the anatomical structures of the lens are generated and organized. The lens is a transparent structure in the eye through which light is focused onto the retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_sensu]
outflow tract morphogenesis	biological process	The process in which the anatomical structures of the outflow tract are generated and organized. The outflow tract is the portion of the heart through which blood flows into the arteries. [GOC:mtg_heart, UBERON:0004145]
regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the second heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. The secondary heart field is the region of the heart that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, the arterial pole (outflow tract) and the venous pole (inflow tract). [GOC:mtg_heart, GOC:rl, PMID:17276708]
metanephros morphogenesis	biological process	The process in which the anatomical structures of the metanephros are generated and organized. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]
negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis	biological process	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the transition where a mesenchymal cell establishes apical/basolateral polarity,forms intercellular adhesive junctions, synthesizes basement membrane components and becomes an epithelial cell that will contribute to the shaping of the metanephros. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]
transcription by RNA polymerase II	biological process	The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH, ISBN:0321000382]
cell adhesion	biological process	The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. [GOC:hb, GOC:pf]
cell-matrix adhesion	biological process	The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules. [GOC:hb]
chemical synaptic transmission	biological process	The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. [GOC:jl, MeSH:D009435]
ectoderm development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ectoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In animal embryos, the ectoderm is the outer germ layer of the embryo, formed during gastrulation. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
glial cell fate determination	biological process	The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a glial cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu]
neuroblast proliferation	biological process	The expansion of a neuroblast population by cell division. A neuroblast is any cell that will divide and give rise to a neuron. [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sart]
positive regulation of cell population proliferation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of cell population proliferation	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:go_curators]
fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands. [GOC:ceb]
response to xenobiotic stimulus	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a xenobiotic, a compound foreign to the organim exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. [GOC:jl, GOC:krc]
anterior/posterior axis specification	biological process	The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the anterior/posterior axis. The anterior-posterior axis is defined by a line that runs from the head or mouth of an organism to the tail or opposite end of the organism. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]
dorsal/ventral axis specification	biological process	The establishment, maintenance and elaboration of the dorsal/ventral axis. The dorsal/ventral axis is defined by a line that runs orthogonal to both the anterior/posterior and left/right axes. The dorsal end is defined by the upper or back side of an organism. The ventral end is defined by the lower or front side of an organism. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]
proximal/distal pattern formation	biological process	The regionalization process in which specific areas of cell differentiation are determined along a proximal/distal axis. The proximal/distal axis is defined by a line that runs from main body (proximal end) of an organism outward (distal end). [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]
positive regulation of gene expression	biological process	Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [GOC:txnOH-2018]
negative regulation of gene expression	biological process	Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [GOC:txnOH-2018]
positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition	biological process	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of epithelial to mesenchymal transition. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is where an epithelial cell loses apical/basolateral polarity, severs intercellular adhesive junctions, degrades basement membrane components and becomes a migratory mesenchymal cell. [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process	biological process	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthesis. Heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the heparan sulfate proteoglycan, a glycosaminoglycan with repeat unit consisting of alternating alpha-(1->4)-linked hexuronic acid and glucosamine residues. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
negative regulation of angiogenesis	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis. [GOC:go_curators]
stem cell population maintenance	biological process	The process by which an organism or tissue maintains a population of stem cells of a single type. This can be achieved by a number of mechanisms: stem cell asymmetric division maintains stem cell numbers; stem cell symmetric division increases them; maintenance of a stem cell niche maintains the conditions for commitment to the stem cell fate for some types of stem cell; stem cells may arise de novo from other cell types. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0878932437]
layer formation in cerebral cortex	biological process	The detachment of cells from radial glial fibers at the appropriate time when they cease to migrate and form distinct layer in the cerebral cortex. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, PMID:12626695]
hypothalamus development	biological process	The progression of the hypothalamus region of the forebrain, from its initial formation to its mature state. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid]
central nervous system vasculogenesis	biological process	The differentiation of endothelial cells from progenitor cells during blood vessel development, and the de novo formation of blood vessels and tubes in the central nervous system. The capillary endothelial cells in the brain are specialized to form the blood-brain barrier. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid]
osteoclast differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized monocyte acquires the specialized features of an osteoclast. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue. [CL:0000092, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:12161749]
male genitalia development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the male genitalia over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:ems, ISBN:0140512888]
hindbrain development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hindbrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hindbrain is the posterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain, or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes the cerebellum, pons, and medulla oblongata and controls the autonomic functions and equilibrium). [http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=hindbrain]
regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion	biological process	Any process that modulates the extent to which the two centrioles within a centrosome remain tightly paired; may be mediated by the assembly and disassembly of a proteinaceous linker. [PMID:11076968]
pancreas development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pancreas over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pancreas is an endoderm derived structure that produces precursors of digestive enzymes and blood glucose regulating hormones. [GOC:cvs]
hair follicle morphogenesis	biological process	The process in which the anatomical structures of the hair follicle are generated and organized. [GOC:ln]
regulation of protein ubiquitination	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of ubiquitin groups to a protein. [GOC:mah]
regulation of myelination	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation of a myelin sheath around nerve axons. [GOC:mah]
negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chondrocyte differentiation. [GOC:mah]
response to estradiol	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of stimulus by estradiol, a C18 steroid hormone hydroxylated at C3 and C17 that acts as a potent estrogen. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0911910123]
positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription elongation, the extension of an RNA molecule after transcription initiation and promoter clearance by the addition of ribonucleotides, catalyzed by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:mah, GOC:txnOH]
T cell differentiation in thymus	biological process	The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a T cell via a differentiation pathway dependent upon transit through the thymus. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]
negative regulation of protein sumoylation	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the addition of SUMO groups to a protein. [GOC:mah]
adherens junction assembly	biological process	The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an adherens junction. An adherens junction is a cell-cell junction composed of the epithelial cadherin-catenin complex at which the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane is attached to actin filaments. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:mah]
protein localization to cell surface	biological process	A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:mah]
embryonic heart tube development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryonic heart tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart tube forms as the heart rudiment from the heart field. [GOC:go_curators]
genitalia morphogenesis	biological process	The process in which the anatomical structures of genitalia are generated and organized. The genitalia are the organs of reproduction or generation, external and internal. [GOC:bf]
embryonic forelimb morphogenesis	biological process	The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the forelimb are generated and organized. The forelimbs are the front limbs of an animal, e.g. the arms of a human. [ISBN:0198612001]
embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis	biological process	The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the hindlimbs are generated and organized. The hindlimbs are the posterior limbs of an animal. [ISBN:0198612001]
hair cell differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a hair cell. [GOC:bf]
detection of muscle stretch	biological process	The series of events by which a muscle stretch stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. [PMID:14583192]
embryonic skeletal limb joint morphogenesis	biological process	The process, occurring in the embryo, in which the anatomical structures of a skeletal limb joint are generated and organized. A skeletal limb joint is the connecting structure between the bones of a limb. [GOC:bf, Wikipedia:Joint]
astrocyte-dopaminergic neuron signaling	biological process	Cell-cell signaling that mediates the transfer of information from an astrocyte to a dopaminergic neuron. [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:12794311, PMID:21752258]
regulation of T cell proliferation	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of T cell proliferation. [GOC:jl]
odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dentin-containing tooth over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A dentin-containing tooth is a hard, bony organ borne on the jaw or other bone of a vertebrate, and is composed mainly of dentin, a dense calcified substance, covered by a layer of enamel. [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10333884, PMID:15355794]
embryonic digit morphogenesis	biological process	The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the digit are generated and organized. A digit is one of the terminal divisions of an appendage, such as a finger or toe. [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, UBERON:0002544]
positive regulation of apoptotic process	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
negative regulation of apoptotic process	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	biological process	The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds, initiated by the covalent attachment of ubiquitin, and mediated by the proteasome. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of MAPK cascade	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the MAPK cascade. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death of neurons by apoptotic process. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation	biological process	The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. [GOC:BHF, GOC:jl]
bone resorption	biological process	The process in which specialized cells known as osteoclasts degrade the organic and inorganic portions of bone, and endocytose and transport the degradation products. [GOC:mah, PMID:10968780]
positive regulation of cell differentiation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of endothelial cell differentiation. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of osteoblast differentiation. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of osteoclast differentiation. [GOC:go_curators]
positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway activity. [GOC:go_curators]
regulation of angiogenesis	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of angiogenesis. [GOC:go_curators]
negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of progression through the embryonic mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]
regulation of fibroblast proliferation	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of multiplication or reproduction of fibroblast cells. [GOC:jid]
cell maturation	biological process	The cellular developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a specific cell to attain its fully functional state. [GOC:go_curators]
synaptic vesicle transport	biological process	The directed movement of synaptic vesicles. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, GOC:jid, GOC:lmg, GOC:pr]
thymus development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the thymus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The thymus is a symmetric bi-lobed organ involved primarily in the differentiation of immature to mature T cells, with unique vascular, nervous, epithelial, and lymphoid cell components. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149]
oocyte development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oocyte over time, from initial commitment of the cell to its specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. [GOC:go_curators]
embryonic foregut morphogenesis	biological process	The process in which the anatomical structures of the foregut are generated and organized, during the embryonic phase. [GOC:jid, GOC:rc]
positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development	biological process	Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of skeletal muscle tissue development. [GOC:go_curators]
regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of smooth muscle cell proliferation. [CL:0000192, GOC:ebc]
neuron fate determination	biological process	The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a neuron regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. [GOC:dph]
oligodendrocyte differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an oligodendrocyte. An oligodendrocyte is a type of glial cell involved in myelinating the axons of neurons in the central nervous system. [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015]
negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oligodendrocyte differentiation. [GOC:vp, PMID:15139015]
regulation of neurogenesis	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of neurogenesis, the generation of cells in the nervous system. [GOC:ai]
synapse organization	biological process	A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a synapse, the junction between a neuron and a target (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell). [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]
smooth muscle cell differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a smooth muscle cell; smooth muscle lacks transverse striations in its constituent fibers and are almost always involuntary. [CL:0000192, GOC:ai]
myoblast proliferation	biological process	The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of a myoblast cell population. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers. [CL:0000056, GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_muscle]
regulation of timing of anagen	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of timing of anagen, the growth phase of the hair cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]
regulation of synapse assembly	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of synapse assembly, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a synapse. [GOC:ai, GOC:pr]
oviduct development	biological process	The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of an oviduct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An oviduct is a tube through which an ova passes from the ovary to the uterus, or from the ovary to the outside of the organism. [GOC:dph, GOC:ebc, http://www.thefreedictionary.com/oviduct]
canonical Wnt signaling pathway	biological process	A type of Wnt signaling pathway in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell results in the by propagation of the molecular signals via beta-catenin, and end with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes. [PMID:11532397, PMID:19619488]
trachea formation	biological process	The process pertaining to the initial formation of a trachea from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the trachea is recognizable. The trachea is the portion of the airway that attaches to the bronchi as it branches. [GOC:dph]
epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis	biological process	The process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched epithelial tubes of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung]
lung-associated mesenchyme development	biological process	The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a lung-associated mesenchyme from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of lung-associated mesenchyme and ends with the mature structure. Lung-associated mesenchyme is the tissue made up of loosely connected mesenchymal cells in the lung. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung]
lung epithelial cell differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell that contributes to the epithelium of the lung. [GOC:dph]
lung induction	biological process	The close range interaction of two or more cells or tissues that causes the cells of the foregut to change their fates and specify the development of the lung. [GOC:dph]
epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate gland development	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell of the prostate gland. [GOC:dph]
epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development	biological process	The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. [GOC:dph]
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development	biological process	Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of epithelial cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. [GOC:dph]
hair follicle placode formation	biological process	The developmental process in which a hair placode forms. An hair follicle placode is a thickening of the ectoderm that will give rise to the hair follicle bud. [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb]
establishment of blood-brain barrier	biological process	Establishment of the barrier between the blood and the brain. The cells in the brain are packed tightly together preventing the passage of most molecules from the blood into the brain. Only lipid soluble molecules or those that are actively transported can pass through the blood-brain barrier. [GOC:aruk, GOC:dph, GOC:sart, PMID:20080302, PMID:30280653]
mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development	biological process	The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population that contributes to the progression of the lung over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets. [GOC:dph]
positive regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis	biological process	Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the process in which a highly ordered sequence of patterning events generates the branched structures of the lung, consisting of reiterated combinations of bud outgrowth, elongation, and dichotomous subdivision of terminal units. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]
endothelial tube morphogenesis	biological process	The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized from an endothelium. Endothelium refers to the layer of cells lining blood vessels, lymphatics, the heart, and serous cavities, and is derived from bone marrow or mesoderm. Corneal endothelium is a special case, derived from neural crest cells. [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf]
fungiform papilla formation	biological process	The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a spongiform papilla from unspecified parts. The fungiform papilla is a mushroom-shaped papilla of the tongue. [GOC:dph]
sympathetic ganglion development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a sympathetic ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl]
cranial ganglion development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dph]
regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sister chromatid cohesion in the centromeric region of a chromosome. [GOC:mah]
cellular response to growth factor stimulus	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. [GOC:mah]
cellular response to indole-3-methanol	biological process	Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an indole-3-methanol stimulus. [GOC:mah, GOC:yaf]
renal vesicle formation	biological process	The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the renal vesicle from condensed mesenchymal cells. The renal vesicle is the primordial structure of the nephron epithelium, and is formed by the condensation of mesenchymal cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
renal inner medulla development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal inner medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal inner medulla is unique to mammalian kidneys and is the innermost region of the mammalian kidney. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
renal outer medulla development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the renal outer medulla over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The renal outer medulla is the region of the kidney that lies between the renal cortex and the renal inner medulla. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
nephron tubule formation	biological process	The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of a nephron tubule from unspecified parts. A nephron tubule is an epithelial tube that is part of the nephron, the functional part of the kidney. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
stem cell proliferation	biological process	The multiplication or reproduction of stem cells, resulting in the expansion of a stem cell population. A stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized cells. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation. [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10]
mesenchymal stem cell differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mesenchymal stem cell. A mesenchymal stem cell is a cell that retains the ability to divide and proliferate throughout life to provide progenitor cells that can differentiate into specialized mesenchymal cells. [CL:0002452, GOC:BHF]
negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway	biological process	Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the Wnt signaling pathway through beta-catenin, the series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
regulation of calcium ion import	biological process	Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into a cell or organelle. [GOC:BHF]
acinar cell differentiation	biological process	The epithelial cell differentiation process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an acinar cell, a secretory cell that is grouped together with other cells of the same type to form grape-shaped clusters known as acini. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
synaptic vesicle clustering	biological process	The process that results in grouping synaptic vesicles in presynaptic structures. [GOC:ans, GOC:pr, PMID:19900895, PMID:7568108]
apoptotic signaling pathway	biological process	The series of molecular signals which triggers the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. [GOC:mtg_apoptosis]
cell-cell adhesion	biological process	The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules. [GOC:dos]
positive regulation of odontoblast differentiation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of odontoblast differentiation. [GOC:TermGenie]
negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway	biological process	Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15790595]
cranial skeletal system development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cranial skeletal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cranial skeletal system is the skeletal subdivision of the head, and includes the skull (cranium plus mandible), pharyngeal and/or hyoid apparatus. [GO_REF:0000094, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11262227]
midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation	biological process	The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a midbrain dopaminergic neuron. [GO_REF:0000086, GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17331494, PMID:19122665]
neuron projection extension	biological process	Long distance growth of a single neuron projection involved in cellular development. A neuron projection is a prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:22790009]
embryonic brain development	biological process	The process occurring during the embryonic phase whose specific outcome is the progression of the brain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [PMID:15918910]
dorsal root ganglion development	biological process	The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a dorsal root ganglion over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [PMID:18583150]
establishment of blood-retinal barrier	biological process	Establishment of the barrier between the blood and the retina. The blood-retinal barrier is located at two levels, forming an outer barrier in the retinal pigment epithelium and an inner barrier in the endothelial membrane of the retinal vessels. Both these membranes have tight junctions of the 'nonleaky' type. [PMID:25053619]
regulation of protein localization to cell surface	biological process	Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein localization to the cell surface. [GOC:obol]
positive regulation of determination of dorsal identity	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of determination of dorsal identity. [GOC:obol]
positive regulation of myoblast proliferation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast proliferation. [GOC:BHF]
positive regulation of stem cell proliferation	biological process	Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of stem cell proliferation. [GOC:dph]