Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Dermal Sinus

A common congenital midline defect of fusion of the vertebral arch without protrusion of the spinal cord or meninges. The lesion is also covered by skin. L5 and S1 are the most common vertebrae involved. The condition may be associated with an overlying area of hyperpigmented skin, a dermal sinus, or an abnormal patch of hair. The majority of individuals with this malformation are asymptomatic although there is an increased incidence of tethered cord syndrome and lumbar SPONDYLOSIS. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p34)

Synonyms(4)

Synonym
Spinal Bifida, Closed
Occult Spina Bifida
Spina Bifida Occulta
Dermal Sinus

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"The congenital dermal sinus is an abnormal epithelium-lined sinus tract between the skin surface and deeper tissues."( Kara, NN, 2003)

Actions

ExcerptReference
"Spina bifida occulta affected L4 in four children, L5 in 12 children, S1 in 26 children and S2 in one child."( Choi, EK; Han, SW; Im, YJ; Lee, MJ; Lee, YS; Shin, SH, 2013)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"Surgical treatment of congenital dermal sinuses was accompanied with, in general, excellent results."( Aryan, HE; Chen, JC; Farin, A; Granville, R; Jandial, R; Levy, ML, 2006)
"We examined whether the existence of spina bifida occulta or ultrasonographic bladder abnormalities was related to the outcome of treatment for primary nocturnal enuresis in children."( Miyazato, M; Nishijima, S; Ogawa, Y; Owan, T; Sugaya, K, 2007)
"The presence of lumbar spina bifida occulta and ultrasonographic bladder abnormalities was related to the outcome of treatment for primary nocturnal enuresis in children, suggesting that spinal radiography and vesical ultrasonography may be useful predictive tests."( Miyazato, M; Nishijima, S; Ogawa, Y; Owan, T; Sugaya, K, 2007)
"Total excision of dermal sinus tract, dermoid cyst, and the intramedullary abscess by means of a L2-S3 laminectomy, followed by antibiotic therapy resulted in good functional recovery."( Cekinmez, M; Erdogan, B; Sener, L; Tufan, K, 2008)
"However, the effect of spina bifida occulta on the response to nocturnal enuresis treatment is controversial."( Choi, EK; Han, SW; Im, YJ; Lee, MJ; Lee, YS; Shin, SH, 2013)
"The presence of spina bifida occulta significantly affects the response to treatment in patients with nocturnal enuresis."( Choi, EK; Han, SW; Im, YJ; Lee, MJ; Lee, YS; Shin, SH, 2013)

Research

Studies (163)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-1990106 (65.03)23.3326
1990's26 (15.95)12.5806
2000's16 (9.82)18.1394
2010's15 (9.20)28.8240
2020's0 (0.00)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
adenine0low10
methane0low10
salicylic acid0low20
cytosine0low10
nitrates0low10
nitrous oxide0low20
thymine0low10
vanilmandelic acid0low10
2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid0low10
phenytoin0low10
baclofen0low10
bupivacaine0low10
carbamazepine0low10
clonidine0low10
diazepam0low10
valproic acid0low280
fentanyl0low10
lidocaine0low20
imipramine0low10
isoflurane0low10
ketamine0low10
leflunomide0low10
loperamide0low10
metronidazole0low30
muscimol0low10
oxybutynin0medium21
phenoxybenzamine0low10
propofol0low10
propranolol0low10
sevoflurane0low10
thalidomide0low20
thyroxine0low10
bromodeoxyuridine0low10
methicillin0low10
methylene blue0low10
medroxyprogesterone acetate0low10
ethylene oxide0low20
isoprene0low10
1,2-dihydroxybenzene-3,5-disulfonic acid disodium salt0low10
isoxazoles0low10
bicuculline0low10
medroxyprogesterone0low10
congo red0low10
vancomycin0low10
technetium0low10
cadmium0low10
barium sulfate0low10
calcium sulfate0low10
cadmium sulfate0low10
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous0low10
4-methoxyamphetamine0low10
etoposide0low10
substance p0low10
propiconazole0low10
fomesafen0low30
cephalosporin c0low10
homocysteine0low10
beta-lactams0low10
ertapenem0low10
moxifloxacin0low10
metrizamide0low70
tretinoin0low70
retinol0low40
bromochloroacetic acid0low30
isomethyleugenol0low10
enclomiphene0medium11
ethylenethiourea0low10
phenylephrine hydrochloride0low20
deamino arginine vasopressin0medium31
cefotaxime0low20
selenium0low10
gadolinium dtpa0low10
ro13-99040low20
piperidines0low10
ascorbic acid0low10
salicylates0low10
warfarin0low10
vitamin b 120low20
technetium tc 99m medronate0low20
acyclovir0low10
hypoxanthine0low10
folic acid0medium94
trypan blue0low40
concanavalin a0low20

Protein Targets (872)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase8008
SMAD family member 2100010
SMAD family member 3100010
AR protein340034
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha170017
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha320032
farnesoid X nuclear receptor130013
pregnane X nuclear receptor220022
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha350035
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta150015
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma210021
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor190019
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a120012
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2220022
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1230023
Androgen receptor0505
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0314
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0315
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A011315
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0718
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0314
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60112
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0819
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0112
Chain E, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0101
Chain A, HADH2 protein4004
Chain B, HADH2 protein4004
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q13003
Chain A, Ferritin light chain9009
Thymidine kinase 0101
thioredoxin reductase130013
phosphopantetheinyl transferase9009
GLS protein8008
TDP1 protein300030
Smad33003
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor100010
EWS/FLI fusion protein9009
arylsulfatase A110011
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2220022
activating transcription factor 6140014
Histone H2A.x100010
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1110011
hemoglobin subunit beta1001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor3003
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a3003
lamin isoform A-delta10200020
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0709
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3014014
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4014015
Solute carrier family 22 member 60203
Bile salt export pump0606
Bile salt export pump024024
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0101
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic0102
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 20001
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0718
Cytochrome P450 2J20404
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 173003
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 60203
Thymidine kinase 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80203
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1014015
Thymidine kinase0101
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE8008
Chain A, MTA/SAH nucleosidase0101
Chain A, Ribosome-inactivating protein alpha-trichosanthin0011
Chain A, Ricin A chain0011
Chain A, Ribosome-inactivating protein 30011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
Chain A, Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0011
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma270027
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3230023
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4170017
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]230023
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a190019
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2100010
heat shock protein beta-1110011
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 14004
snurportin-14004
tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein1001
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 12002
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit120012
Cyclin-dependent kinase 10101
Heat shock protein HSP 90-beta0101
Glutamate receptor 2120012
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
TAR DNA-binding protein 434004
Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP150101
Leucine-rich repeat serine/threonine-protein kinase 20202
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5120012
Ataxin-2140014
Chain A, Hyaluronidase, phage associated0101
acetylcholinesterase9009
GLI family zinc finger 3250025
thioredoxin glutathione reductase4004
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1220022
IDH1110011
chromobox protein homolog 1140014
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I1001
geminin240024
lethal factor (plasmid)2002
Polyphenol oxidase 20203
Pancreatic alpha-amylase0202
Albumin0102
Urease0101
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-10001
Tyrosinase0101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0438
Spike glycoprotein140115
Hyaluronate lyase0101
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN20001
Egl nine homolog 10001
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN30001
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor0001
Solute carrier family 23 member 10101
ATAD5 protein, partial6006
NFKB1 protein, partial1001
regulator of G-protein signaling 45005
67.9K protein3003
D(1A) dopamine receptor5005
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 18008
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 15005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi87318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 20213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-187318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta87318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-287419
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-587318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-387318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-187318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-287318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-487318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-387318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-687318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-187419
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-387318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-287419
GABA theta subunit87318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon87318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 10213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 10101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase8008
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0606
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0606
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-107411
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10628
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-207310
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-307310
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-506410
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30639
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20639
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20639
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40628
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0606
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60628
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10606
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30606
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0606
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1170017
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor100010
Cellular tumor antigen p53240024
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma6118
interleukin 84004
pregnane X receptor6006
Microtubule-associated protein tau9009
progesterone receptor150015
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B5005
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 23003
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a4004
Nuclear hormone receptor family member daf-120011
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 13003
oxysterols receptor LXR-beta isoform 10011
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor5005
plasminogen precursor5005
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor5005
peripheral myelin protein 229009
survival motor neuron protein isoform d8008
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M19009
Thymidine phosphorylase0001
Thymidylate kinase0101
Thymidine kinase0001
Thymidylate kinase0101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30202
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20112
Potassium channel subfamily K member 90101
Chain A, Beta-lactamase100010
USP1 protein, partial110011
mitogen-activated protein kinase 16006
Vpr3003
Albumin0033
Major prion protein0022
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0303
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70103
Cytochrome P450 2B60011
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0507
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20809
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0505
Frizzled-80011
P2X purinoceptor 40101
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0101
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase type 20001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-11 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-20001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-19 0002
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0002
Metallo-beta-lactamase0001
Beta-lactamase 0101
Albumin0157
Beta-lactamase SHV-10001
Beta-lactamase SHV-10001
Beta-lactamase0001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0203
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
B2 metallo-beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-130001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-20001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase Toho-10001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 70102
Metallo-beta-lactamase0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-b-lactamase 0002
BlaVIM-1 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC0001
Histamine H3 receptor0001
Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2 0002
Solute carrier family 22 member 110101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80101
Beta-lactamase VIM-1 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 70101
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit9009
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease6006
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)110011
caspase-36006
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)3003
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor2002
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)110011
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA5005
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 18008
Caspase-20011
Inositol monophosphatase 15005
Chain A, Cruzipain5005
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)5005
cytochrome P450 2D68008
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor 0124
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor 0011
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 13003
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor4004
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor4004
Membrane primary amine oxidase 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 30404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0303
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor06310
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor011112
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0112
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0539
D0303
D(3) dopamine receptor0404
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0516
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0404
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0516
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0516
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0819
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0225
D(1B) dopamine receptor0303
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0303
Adenosine receptor A2b0011
Adenosine receptor A2a0011
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0001
D(4) dopamine receptor0303
Delta-type opioid receptor0303
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0236
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0124
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor011213
Histamine H2 receptor81010
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70505
D(2) dopamine receptor0314
Mu-type opioid receptor0314
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Nischarin0202
Solute carrier family 22 member 10202
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10303
Nischarin0101
Luciferase9009
aryl hydrocarbon receptor8008
B2 bradykinin receptor0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0001
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Chymotrypsinogen A0001
Beta-lactamase0101
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0606
Beta-lactamase0001
Beta-galactosidase0102
Choline O-acetyltransferase0101
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 20202
PH domain leucine-rich repeat-containing protein phosphatase 20101
Chymotrypsin-C0101
Deoxycytidine kinase0001
Vasopressin V2 receptor0112
Oxytocin receptor0011
Vasopressin V1a receptor0224
Vasopressin V1b receptor0112
Translocator protein0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid 0202
glp-1 receptor, partial8008
G130013
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0505
Interferon beta140014
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 130013
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein 10001
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10609
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10203
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41102
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30203
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21102
Translocator protein0113
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30202
Translocator protein0101
Translocator protein0101
Cholecystokinin receptor type A0101
Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0505
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0505
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0606
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0202
Sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase 10101
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1130013
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10202
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial130013
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A2002
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog3003
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N0101
protein AF-9 isoform a0002
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor2002
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40606
Epidermal growth factor receptor0101
Estrogen receptor0314
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-20101
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1010010
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20528
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40404
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50404
Adenosine receptor A30516
Cytochrome P450 2D60415
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10517
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0415
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30516
Substance-K receptor0404
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10303
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 010111
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0617
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0718
C-8 sterol isomerase0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0707
Alpha-synuclein4206
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B012113
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60516
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0707
3-beta-hydroxysteroid-Delta(8),Delta(7)-isomerase0101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1010010
Hsf1 protein0011
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 33003
Taste receptor type 2 member 380001
LMP1 [Human herpesvirus 4]0001
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a8008
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]0101
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)7007
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]0101
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform a0101
Prothrombin0001
Regulatory protein E20011
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
Cytochrome P450 3A40416
DNA topoisomerase 10102
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha0118
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150202
DNA topoisomerase 20001
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0203
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0304
Caspase-30101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0304
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0304
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0304
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha 0001
DNA topoisomerase 2-beta0118
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0304
Tubulin beta-2B chain0101
Integrase 0101
Similar to alpha-tubulin isoform 1 0101
Similar to alpha-tubulin isoform 1 0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0304
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0304
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d6006
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20022
D(2) dopamine receptor0516
D(4) dopamine receptor0202
Delta-type opioid receptor0303
Mu-type opioid receptor0415
Kappa-type opioid receptor0101
Histamine H1 receptor0303
Mu-type opioid receptor0527
Delta-type opioid receptor0527
Kappa-type opioid receptor0516
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10303
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE4004
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase0011
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase9009
acid sphingomyelinase1001
glucocerebrosidase2002
alpha-galactosidase2002
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein3003
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 14004
DNA polymerase beta2002
Thymidylate synthase0202
Thymidylate synthase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10303
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial0001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A30102
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial0001
Multidrug resistance associated protein0001
N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 10101
GALC protein4004
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor1001
Acetylcholinesterase0202
Carbonic anhydrase 120202
Carbonic anhydrase 10505
Carbonic anhydrase 20505
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit0101
Genome polyprotein0101
Testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase 30101
Caspase-71001
Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel protein 30101
Cholinesterase0202
Sorbitol dehydrogenase0101
Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-10202
Carbonic anhydrase 90202
Oleandomycin glycosyltransferase0001
Chain A, Purine-nucleoside Phosphorylase0101
Chain C, Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0011
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase0001
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase 0012
Snq2p0001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor2002
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 13003
Solute carrier family 22 member 20202
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B4004
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0404
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter0101
Cytochrome P450 1A20214
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50101
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40001
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0101
Histamine H1 receptor0101
Cytochrome P450 2C190315
Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugs0102
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70213
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A30001
D(1A) dopamine receptor2002
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B0101
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha0101
Envelope glycoprotein0011
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0606
Sigma intracellular receptor 20101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20101
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0303
Solute carrier family 22 member 20101
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha0101
Transporter0303
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-20101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Integrin beta-32002
Integrin alpha-IIb2002
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 32002
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 10202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
matrix metalloproteinase 1, partial0011
Fumarate hydratase3003
PPM1D protein4004
Thrombopoietin2002
nonstructural protein 15005
polyprotein3003
Parkin4004
P531001
pyruvate kinase1001
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor1001
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 13003
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 32002
huntingtin isoform 23003
ras-related protein Rab-9A2002
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A4004
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial0101
Endothelin receptor type B1001
Endothelin-1 receptor1001
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial0101
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (quinone), mitochondrial0101
Protein-arginine deiminase type-40101
flap endonuclease 17007
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 50101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 20101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 180101
15-lipoxygenase, partial3003
Spike glycoprotein0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX121001
Menin0101
Cocaine esterase0303
Transmembrane protease serine 20011
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0415
Procathepsin L0011
Replicase polyprotein 1a0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
Histamine H2 receptor0404
Nociceptin receptor0101
Calmodulin 0112
Angiopoietin-1 receptor0011
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0011
PINK12002
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor5005
Glucocorticoid receptor0415
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10404
Glycine receptor subunit beta0404
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20404
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30404
Sex hormone-binding globulin0011
Progesterone receptor0213
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0101
Androgen receptor0224
Androgen receptor0011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C30101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 0101
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G3003
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C10101
Estrogen receptor beta0112
Solute carrier family 22 member 80101
Chain E, Fibrin beta chain0101
T cell receptor, partial1001
luteinizing hormone receptor1001
integrase, partial0101
lens epithelium-derived growth factor p750101
Caspase 6, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase0001
TSHR protein1001
Apoptotic peptidase activating factor 10101
hypothetical protein, conserved1001
isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, partial1001
luciferase1001
serine-protein kinase ATM isoform a1001
neutrophil cytosol factor 10101
caspase-9 isoform alpha precursor0101
pyruvate kinase PKM isoform a1001
caspase-3 isoform a preproprotein0101
DNA polymerase eta isoform 12002
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 12002
replicative DNA helicase0001
recombinase A0011
POsterior Segregation0011
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform a0001
Glutathione reductase0101
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial0102
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain1001
Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial0102
Microtubule-associated protein tau0112
Cruzipain0101
Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic0102
Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase 0102
Zinc finger protein mex-50011
phosphoglycerate kinase1001
Thioredoxin reductase 0101
Flavodoxin0001
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0101
DNA gyrase subunit B0101
DNA gyrase subunit A0102
DNA gyrase subunit B0102
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A0101
DNA gyrase subunit B0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 10101
DNA gyrase subunit A0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 10101
DNA gyrase subunit B0102
DNA gyrase subunit A0102
D-amino-acid oxidase0101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-10022
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-20011
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20202
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30202
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0101
Carbonic anhydrase 40202
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Sodium/iodide cotransporter0101
Carbonic anhydrase 150202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
MBT domain-containing protein 10101
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 40101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0011
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 30101
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 10101
endonuclease IV2002
M-phase phosphoprotein 82002
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
Dihydrofolate reductase 0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20001
heat shock protein 90, putative0001
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A90002
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A80001
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0213
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0203
Cytochrome P450 2C80101
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0214
D(1A) dopamine receptor0112
Endothelin-1 receptor0112
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0213
Adenosine receptor A2a0112
Neuromedin-K receptor0011
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor0112
Cholecystokinin receptor type A0112
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0101
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0101
Sodium/bile acid cotransporter0101
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0113
Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group E member 10022
Chain A, PLASMA RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN PRECURSOR0011
Retinol-binding protein 40011
Beta-lactoglobulin0011
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein0011
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein0011
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein0011
Chain A, 146aa long hypothetical transcriptional regulator0011
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Chain B, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Chain C, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Estrogen receptor beta0001
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta0001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-20001
Polymerase acidic protein0011
Carbonic anhydrase 30101
Stromelysin-10011
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase YopH0101
High mobility group protein B10011
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-10101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 10103
Estrogen receptor0001
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 60101
Cystathionine gamma-lyase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
Carbonic anhydrase 70101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-10001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-20001
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-10001
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 130101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-30001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-20001
Carbonic anhydrase 140101
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-10001
Caspase-72002
caspase-32002
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 13003
Substance-P receptor0202
Neuromedin-K receptor0011
Substance-K receptor0112
Substance-P receptor0213
Neuromedin-K receptor0112
Substance-P receptor0101
Substance-K receptor0101
Substance-K receptor0101
Growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 10011
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X20011
Cereblon isoform 40202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0101
DNA-binding protein Ikaros0001
DNA damage-binding protein 10112
Protein cereblon0214
Thymidine phosphorylase0101
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-10011
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-10011
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA11001
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK11001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A50001
Transthyretin0102
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha0011
Thyroid hormone receptor beta0011
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen0101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0246
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma0022
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A20001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C10101
Monocarboxylate transporter 80001
Bile acid receptor0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C10001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10001
Chain A, Nuclear Receptor ROR-beta0101
Ornithine decarboxylase0001
Ornithine decarboxylase0001
60 kDa chaperonin0101
Retinoic acid receptor alpha0227
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0202
Retinoic acid receptor beta0227
Retinoic acid receptor alpha0123
Retinoic acid receptor gamma 0227
Retinoic acid receptor gamma0123
Retinoic acid receptor beta0123
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0123
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta0224
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta0123
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma0123
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 10101
Nuclear receptor ROR-alpha0101
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 10102
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma0224
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0202
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 10011
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 10213
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase0202
60 kDa chaperonin 0202
10 kDa chaperonin 0202
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 20101
Nuclear receptor ROR-beta0101
Histone deacetylase 30202
Cytochrome P450 2A60101
Tissue factor0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-60001
Liver carboxylesterase 10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
Histone deacetylase 40202
Histone deacetylase 10202
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B70101
Histone deacetylase 70202
Histone deacetylase 20202
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC100202
Histone deacetylase 11 0202
Histone deacetylase 80202
NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial0101
Histone deacetylase 60202
Histone deacetylase 90202
Histone deacetylase 50202
D-alanyl-D-alanine dipeptidase0101
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 70101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 10101
Protease 0101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 0202
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]