Target type: molecularfunction
Catalysis of the reaction: hydroxyacetone + NADP+ = H+ + methylglyoxal + NADPH. [PMID:16077126, RHEA:27986]
Methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH) (acetol producing) activity catalyzes the reduction of methylglyoxal, a toxic by-product of glycolysis, to acetol using NADPH as a reducing agent. This reaction is crucial for detoxification and cellular protection, as methylglyoxal can damage proteins, DNA, and other cellular components. The enzyme plays a significant role in maintaining cellular redox balance and preventing oxidative stress. The mechanism involves the binding of methylglyoxal and NADPH to the enzyme active site, followed by a series of electron transfers that ultimately reduce methylglyoxal to acetol. The active site typically contains a cysteine residue that participates in the catalytic reaction. Methylglyoxal reductase (NADPH) (acetol producing) activity is highly conserved across various organisms, indicating its fundamental importance in cellular metabolism and survival.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 | [no definition available] | Bos taurus (cattle) |
| Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 | An aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P14550] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| zopolrestat | zopolrestat: structure given in first source | ||
| valproic acid | valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem. Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. | branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid | anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent |
| fr 74366 | |||
| tolrestat | tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source | naphthalenes | EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor |
| octyl gallate | gallate ester | food antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite | |
| lidorestat | lidorestat: might prove useful in treating chronic diabetic complications; structure in first source | ||
| fidarestat | fidarestat: structure given in first source | ||
| minalrestat | minalrestat: a vasoactive agent | isoquinolines | |
| sorbinil | sorbinil : An azaspiro compound having a monofluoro-substituted chromane skeleton spiro-linked to an imidazolidinedione ring. sorbinil: aldose reductase inhibitor | azaspiro compound; chromanes; imidazolidinone; organofluorine compound; oxaspiro compound | antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor |
| epalrestat | epalrestat : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1,3-thiazolidine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a carboxymethyl group, at positions 2 and 4 by thioxo and oxo groups, respectively, and at position 5 by a 2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene group. It is an inhibitor of aldose reductase (which catalyses the conversion of glucose to sorbitol) and is used for the treatment of some diabetic complications, including neuropathy. | monocarboxylic acid; thiazolidines | EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor |
| idd 594 | Idd 594: structure in first source | ||
| caffeic acid phenethyl ester | phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component. | alkyl caffeate ester | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiviral agent; immunomodulator; metabolite; neuroprotective agent |