Target type: biologicalprocess
The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-glucuronate, the D-enantiomer of glucuronate. [GOC:jl, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah]
The D-glucuronate catabolic process is a crucial metabolic pathway that breaks down D-glucuronate, a derivative of glucose, into simpler molecules. This process occurs in various organisms, including bacteria, fungi, and mammals. Here's a detailed description:
1. **Initial Steps:** The pathway begins with the conversion of D-glucuronate to D-glucuronic acid by an enzyme called glucuronokinase. This step involves the phosphorylation of D-glucuronate, adding a phosphate group to the molecule.
2. **Decarboxylation:** The D-glucuronic acid then undergoes decarboxylation, a process where a carbon dioxide molecule is removed. This reaction is catalyzed by an enzyme called glucuronate decarboxylase, resulting in the formation of L-gulonate.
3. **Dehydration:** L-gulonate is subsequently dehydrated, losing a water molecule, to form L-xylulose. This reaction is facilitated by an enzyme called L-gulonate dehydrogenase.
4. **Isomerization:** L-xylulose is then isomerized to D-xylulose by an enzyme called xylulose isomerase. This step involves the rearrangement of atoms within the molecule, converting it to a different isomeric form.
5. **Pentose Phosphate Pathway:** The D-xylulose produced enters the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), a central metabolic pathway that plays a role in various cellular processes, including the synthesis of NADPH and the production of precursor molecules for nucleotide biosynthesis.
6. **Further Degradation:** Within the PPP, D-xylulose can be further degraded through a series of enzymatic reactions, ultimately yielding intermediates that can be utilized in other metabolic pathways.
Overall, the D-glucuronate catabolic process is an essential metabolic pathway for the degradation of D-glucuronate. It plays a crucial role in carbohydrate metabolism, providing energy and essential precursors for various biosynthetic processes. The pathway also plays a role in detoxification, as glucuronate conjugation is a major mechanism for eliminating harmful substances from the body.'
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Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
---|---|---|
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 | [no definition available] | Bos taurus (cattle) |
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 | An aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P14550] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
---|---|---|---|
zopolrestat | zopolrestat: structure given in first source | ||
valproic acid | valproic acid : A branched-chain saturated fatty acid that comprises of a propyl substituent on a pentanoic acid stem. Valproic Acid: A fatty acid with anticonvulsant and anti-manic properties that is used in the treatment of EPILEPSY and BIPOLAR DISORDER. The mechanisms of its therapeutic actions are not well understood. It may act by increasing GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID levels in the brain or by altering the properties of VOLTAGE-GATED SODIUM CHANNELS. | branched-chain fatty acid; branched-chain saturated fatty acid | anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; GABA agent; neuroprotective agent; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent |
fr 74366 | |||
tolrestat | tolrestat: RN & structure given in first source | naphthalenes | EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor |
octyl gallate | gallate ester | food antioxidant; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite | |
lidorestat | lidorestat: might prove useful in treating chronic diabetic complications; structure in first source | ||
fidarestat | fidarestat: structure given in first source | ||
minalrestat | minalrestat: a vasoactive agent | isoquinolines | |
sorbinil | sorbinil : An azaspiro compound having a monofluoro-substituted chromane skeleton spiro-linked to an imidazolidinedione ring. sorbinil: aldose reductase inhibitor | azaspiro compound; chromanes; imidazolidinone; organofluorine compound; oxaspiro compound | antioxidant; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor |
epalrestat | epalrestat : A monocarboxylic acid that is 1,3-thiazolidine which is substituted on the nitrogen by a carboxymethyl group, at positions 2 and 4 by thioxo and oxo groups, respectively, and at position 5 by a 2-methyl-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-ylidene group. It is an inhibitor of aldose reductase (which catalyses the conversion of glucose to sorbitol) and is used for the treatment of some diabetic complications, including neuropathy. | monocarboxylic acid; thiazolidines | EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor |
idd 594 | Idd 594: structure in first source | ||
caffeic acid phenethyl ester | phenethyl caffeate : An alkyl caffeate ester in which 2-phenylethyl is the alkyl component. | alkyl caffeate ester | anti-inflammatory agent; antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; antiviral agent; immunomodulator; metabolite; neuroprotective agent |