Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Empty Sella Syndrome

A condition when the SELLA TURCICA is not filled with pituitary tissue. The pituitary gland is either compressed, atrophied, or removed. There are two types: (1) primary empty sella is due a defect in the sella diaphragm leading to arachnoid herniation into the sellar space; (2) secondary empty sella is associated with the removal or treatment of PITUITARY NEOPLASMS.

Synonyms(7)

Synonym
Empty Sella Syndrome, Primary
Primary Empty Sella Syndrome
Secondary Empty Sella Syndrome
Empty Sella Turcica Syndrome
Empty Sella Turcica
Empty Sella Syndrome, Secondary
Empty Sella Syndrome

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Empty sella syndrome is an anatomoclinical condition in which the herniation of the chiasmatic cavities inside the sella turcica causes deformation of the bone and compression of the hypophysis and its peduncle, often in association with neurological and endocrine symptoms."( Buonaguidi, R; Faggionato, F; Ferdeghini, M; Lutzemberger, L; Puglioli, M, 1984)
"Empty sella syndrome is sometimes associated with anterior pituitary insufficiency, the latter being mostly partial or dissociated."( Algayres, JP; Bechade, D; Bili, H; Ceccaldi, B; Coutant, G; Daly, JP; Schmoor, P; SouliƩ, B, 1998)
"A case of empty sella syndrome is presented."( Weiss, RE, 2003)

Context

ExcerptReference
"Over recent years empty sella turcica has become more frequently diagnosed with high resolution computerized tomography and the associated clinical abnormalities have been better described."( Alford, FP; Best, JD; Gilford, EJ; Henderson, JK; Murphy, MA; Ramos, RF, 1988)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"6 cases of the primary empty sella syndrome, 5 boys and 1 girl aged from 1 to 22 years, are being treated."( Glatzl, J; Unsinn, K, 1991)
"We present the case of a woman with 'empty sella syndrome' who experienced generalized urticaria after the administration of sodium succinate hydrocortisone in two episodes."( Aruanno, A; Buonomo, A; Colagiovanni, A; de Pasquale, T; Lombardo, C; Nucera, E; Pascolini, L; Pecora, V; Ricci, AG; Rizzi, A; Sabato, V; Schiavino, D, 2011)
"Chiasmapexy is performed to treat empty sella syndrome."( Ishihara, E; Ogawa, K; Ozawa, H; Saito, S; Sasao, R; Toda, M; Yoshida, K, 2019)

Research

Studies (187)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-199075 (40.11)23.3326
1990's42 (22.46)12.5806
2000's32 (17.11)18.1394
2010's31 (16.58)28.8240
2020's7 (3.74)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
glycine0low10
glycocyamine0low10
thiamine0low10
acetazolamide0low20
aminoglutethimide0low10
chlorpromazine0low10
pentetic acid0low20
domperidone0low10
indomethacin0low10
iodamide0low10
iothalamic acid0low30
iodipamide0low10
2-propanol0low10
ketoconazole0low10
meperidine0low10
metoclopramide0low40
metyrapone0low10
nomifensine0low10
prochlorperazine0low10
corticosterone0low10
prednisolone0low20
thyroxine0low220
spironolactone0low10
prednisone0low20
triiodothyronine0low30
lysine0low10
levodopa0low50
tyrosine0low10
17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone0medium11
medroxyprogesterone acetate0low10
tryptophan0low10
arginine0low40
methylprednisolone0low30
meglumine0low10
betamethasone0low20
gadolinium0low20
magnesium sulfate0low10
trolamine salicylate0low10
metergoline0low10
bromocriptine0low200
propiconazole0low20
cabergoline0low50
iopamidol0low40
dityrosine0low10
methotrexate0low10
cortisone0low30
oxytocin0low10
metrizamide0low240
meglumine iodipamide0low10
lypressin0low10
arginine vasopressin0low30
etomidate0low10
enclomiphene0low10
lithium0low10
quinagolide0low10
6-nitrotryptophan0low10
17-ketosteroids0low30
cholecalciferol0low10
phenylephrine hydrochloride0low20
naloxone0low10
deamino arginine vasopressin0low30
gadolinium dtpa0low10
ergoline0low40
pituitrin0low40
atrial natriuretic factor0low10
(dtpa-phe(1))-octreotide0low10
c-peptide0low20
hydrocortisone sodium phosphate0low10
19-iodocholesterol0low10
sodium pertechnetate tc 99m0low10
cortisol succinate, sodium salt0low10
warfarin0low10
68ga-dotanoc0low10
rifampin0low10
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine0low10
carbidopa0low10
leptin0low10

Protein Targets (866)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
acetylcholinesterase9009
pregnane X receptor8008
SMAD family member 25005
SMAD family member 35005
TDP1 protein220022
GLI family zinc finger 3210021
Microtubule-associated protein tau9009
AR protein280028
progesterone receptor170017
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]270027
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1150015
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha170017
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha230023
farnesoid X nuclear receptor120012
pregnane X nuclear receptor220022
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha340034
G8008
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor180018
arylsulfatase A7007
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2220022
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a170017
activating transcription factor 65005
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 26006
chromobox protein homolog 1180018
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1210021
geminin190019
survival motor neuron protein isoform d100010
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 15005
lamin isoform A-delta10190019
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit110011
Interferon beta110011
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 8008
Glucocorticoid receptor016425
Sex hormone-binding globulin0044
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1016016
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0404
Adenosine receptor A30404
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
Androgen receptor013014
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor010010
Glutamate receptor 2110011
Glycine receptor subunit beta016016
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2016016
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3016016
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 0101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor010111
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 014014
TAR DNA-binding protein 434004
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 18008
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial8008
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase100010
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit4004
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma190019
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1100010
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta140014
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)9009
Histone H2A.x6006
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a110011
heat shock protein beta-15005
Chain A, Avidin0011
Chain A, Avidin0011
Chain B, Avidin0011
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE8008
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0011
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0011
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0011
Chain A, Carbonic Anhydrase Ii0011
Chain A, Carbonic Anhydrase Ii0011
Chain A, Beta-lactamase8008
Chain A, Endochitinase0101
Chain A, Endochitinase0101
Chain A, Endochitinase0101
Chain A, Class Iii Chitinase Chia10101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 130101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase II0101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase0101
Chain B, Carbonic anhydrase0101
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Carbonic anhydrase 0001
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
thioredoxin reductase170017
GALC protein6006
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3110011
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4160016
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 17007
peripheral myelin protein 22140014
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 15005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi112114
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3019019
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4019020
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60202
Carbonic anhydrase 120218
Prolyl endopeptidase0101
Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 110102
Bile salt export pump027027
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Renin0202
Carbonic anhydrase 103111
Carbonic anhydrase 203211
Carbonic anhydrase 20202
Cytochrome P450 1A20314
Carbonic anhydrase 30218
Cathepsin B0101
Cytochrome P450 3A40709
Steryl-sulfatase0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C08010
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase0101
Cytochrome P450 2C80303
Cytochrome P450 2D6011112
Cytochrome P450 2A60101
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0505
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0909
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1112114
Translocator protein0213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta112114
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2112114
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5112114
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3112114
Cannabinoid receptor 10101
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein0101
Cytochrome P450 2B60112
Carbonic anhydrase 40217
Carbonic anhydrase 60318
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1112114
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2112114
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0101
Adenosine receptor A10204
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 10202
Dipeptidyl peptidase 40001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4112114
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3112114
Endochitinase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6112114
Adenosine receptor A2a0215
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0707
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0404
Delta-type opioid receptor0618
Cytochrome P450 2C190404
Delta-type opioid receptor0426
Mu-type opioid receptor0426
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0218
Carbonic anhydrase0104
Kappa-type opioid receptor0314
Carbonic anhydrase 70217
Carbonic anhydrase0101
D(1A) dopamine receptor2103
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 10101
Carbonic anhydrase0104
D(2) dopamine receptor011114
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1112114
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3112114
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2112114
Cholinesterase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0516
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10101
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0418
Squalene synthase0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
Carbonic anhydrase 90218
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0104
Carbonic anhydrase 30101
Carbonic anhydrase0105
Carbonic anhydrase0105
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Sigma intracellular receptor 20202
Delta carbonic anhydrase0101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10213
Renin0101
Carbonic anhydrase 0104
Endochitinase A10101
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 130214
GABA theta subunit112114
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1019019
Carbonic anhydrase 40202
Carbonic anhydrase 150105
Acidic mammalian chitinase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 130205
Carbonic anhydrase 70101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon112114
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 140218
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 2, isoform A 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0218
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE100010
IDH1140014
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a8008
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 18008
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d7007
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 34004
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 16006
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1110011
Sterol O-acyltransferase 10101
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial 0101
Triosephosphate isomerase0101
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase0404
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial0101
Aromatase0509
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0101
Aromatase0112
Thromboxane-A synthase 0303
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial0101
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
phosphopantetheinyl transferase9009
NFKB1 protein, partial5005
GLS protein8008
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor7007
alpha-galactosidase3003
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor5005
flap endonuclease 17007
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)100010
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1100010
lethal factor (plasmid)4004
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial0002
Nitric oxide synthase, brain0001
Nitric oxide synthase, brain 0001
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0102
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0013
Cationic amino acid transporter 30202
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA8008
Vasopressin V2 receptor0438
Oxytocin receptor0347
Vasopressin V1a receptor0123
Vasopressin V1a receptor0437
Vasopressin V1b receptor0336
Vasopressin V2 receptor0011
Vasopressin V1b receptor0214
Translocator protein0203
Oxytocin receptor0202
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0325
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 10011
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 0011
aryl hydrocarbon receptor9009
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 28008
galanin receptor type 30101
ORF730011
Genome polyprotein 0112
dopamine D1 receptor4004
ATAD5 protein, partial8008
Fumarate hydratase4004
regulator of G-protein signaling 47007
polyprotein4004
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma150015
D(1A) dopamine receptor6006
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2180018
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 17007
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4016016
Cellular tumor antigen p53200020
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10303
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10608
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A06310
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor020122
D(2) dopamine receptor014117
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor018120
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor016118
D0708
D(3) dopamine receptor0809
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A014014
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0707
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10303
D(1A) dopamine receptor010012
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0707
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0707
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor014116
D(1B) dopamine receptor0606
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A016118
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C016117
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B016016
D(4) dopamine receptor0606
D(3) dopamine receptor016017
Alpha-synuclein2204
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B017119
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6011012
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 58008
Ataxin-2120012
cytochrome P450 2D69009
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor9009
Spike glycoprotein141116
Histamine H3 receptor0303
Proteasome subunit beta type-110001
USP1 protein, partial9009
Thrombopoietin4004
Smad37007
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease2002
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)7007
NADPH oxidase 10101
67.9K protein5005
Snq2p0002
caspase-32002
Adenylate cyclase type 1 0202
Caspase-71001
Spike glycoprotein0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 17007
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a4004
caspase-31001
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 31001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 16006
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor3003
ras-related protein Rab-9A3003
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 17007
M-phase phosphoprotein 8100010
Proteasome subunit alpha type-70001
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 010012
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B7007
Transmembrane protease serine 20112
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0202
Bile salt export pump0606
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20101
Epidermal growth factor receptor0404
Albumin0145
Albumin0044
Major prion protein0011
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 10101
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-20202
Major prion protein0011
Integrin beta-34004
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn0404
Procathepsin L0213
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1012012
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M209010
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40708
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
Integrin alpha-IIb4004
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50707
Replicase polyprotein 1a0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0112
Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel0101
Calmodulin-10213
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10708
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150404
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0606
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase0101
D(2) dopamine receptor0303
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30809
Proteasome subunit beta type-10001
Substance-K receptor0808
D(4) dopamine receptor0507
D(1B) dopamine receptor0102
Adenylate cyclase type 30202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40001
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0606
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 014015
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0707
Histamine H2 receptor010011
Proteasome subunit alpha type-10001
Proteasome subunit alpha type-20001
Proteasome subunit alpha type-30001
Proteasome subunit alpha type-40001
Adenylate cyclase type 20202
Adenylate cyclase type 40202
Proteasome subunit beta type-80001
Proteasome subunit beta type-90001
Proteasome subunit alpha type-50001
Proteasome subunit beta type-40001
Proteasome subunit beta type-60001
Proteasome subunit beta type-50001
Trypanothione reductase0202
Histamine H1 receptor0213
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter015016
Melanocortin receptor 40202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0404
Melanocortin receptor 50202
Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugs0204
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70304
Histamine H1 receptor010011
Mu-type opioid receptor07210
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0317
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0101
Adenylate cyclase type 80202
Proteasome subunit beta type-100001
Delta-type opioid receptor07110
Kappa-type opioid receptor07210
Melanocortin receptor 30202
Histamine H2 receptor9009
Proteasome subunit beta type-30001
Proteasome subunit beta type-20001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70404
Cytochrome P450 2J20303
Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor0101
Proteasome subunit alpha type-60012
Calmodulin 0112
Aldehyde oxidase 10101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0317
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0317
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0202
Adenylate cyclase type 60202
Adenylate cyclase type 50202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 10101
Aldehyde oxidase0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2012012
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0202
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0317
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0606
Adenylyl cyclase 7 0202
Proteasome subunit alpha-type 80001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0317
D0202
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Proteasome subunit beta type-70001
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10909
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0112
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0317
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha0101
Chain A, HADH2 protein7007
Chain B, HADH2 protein7007
Chain A, Ferritin light chain4004
Chain A, Cruzipain5005
Luciferase3003
interleukin 84004
15-lipoxygenase, partial5005
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 12002
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 18008
60 kDa chaperonin0101
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0202
Vitamin D3 receptor0114
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10033
Vitamin D3 receptor0011
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma5005
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0202
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase0202
60 kDa chaperonin 0202
10 kDa chaperonin 0202
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)110011
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor 0011
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor 0011
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor2002
Membrane primary amine oxidase 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 30303
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0011
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0101
Adenosine receptor A2b0011
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0315
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0214
Inositol monophosphatase 12002
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0101
Nischarin0202
Solute carrier family 22 member 10404
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10606
Nischarin0101
nonstructural protein 16006
Solute carrier family 22 member 20303
Solute carrier family 22 member 30101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0528
C-8 sterol isomerase0202
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A10202
3-beta-hydroxysteroid-Delta(8),Delta(7)-isomerase0202
Solute carrier family 22 member 20303
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 32002
endonuclease IV3003
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor3003
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 10011
EWS/FLI fusion protein8008
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a3003
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0033
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0404
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 171001
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0404
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A5005
glp-1 receptor, partial7007
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog1001
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B7007
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N0101
protein AF-9 isoform a0001
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor2002
Estrogen receptor0729
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10202
Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit delta0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit gamma0101
Acetylcholine receptor subunit beta0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10213
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial0303
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20213
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial0303
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20213
Transporter0303
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 10101
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 10404
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 10202
Serine racemase0101
Olfactory receptor 51E20011
Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 20101
Chain A, membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase-20101
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase5005
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase8008
glucocerebrosidase3003
Parkin3003
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)2002
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A4004
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase0101
Prostaglandin E synthase0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0203
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0203
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 0202
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 0404
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 20101
Phospholipase A2, major isoenzyme0202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10203
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-42103
Interleukin-80101
Androgen receptor07411
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-22103
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase0203
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C40101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 10101
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 10101
Caspase-10102
Substance-P receptor0202
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype0101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype0101
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 0102
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 20101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20314
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype0101
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma0055
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C30303
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter0101
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 30101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 0202
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G3003
Prostaglandin D2 receptor 0202
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A30104
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20202
Lactoylglutathione lyase0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C10202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20102
Uracil nucleotide/cysteinyl leukotriene receptor0202
Solute carrier family 22 member 60102
Solute carrier family 22 member 70001
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype0101
Rho-associated protein kinase 20101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0101
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80102
Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 90101
P2Y purinoceptor 120101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30407
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma0101
Prostaglandin D2 receptor 20112
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10407
Estrogen receptor beta0101
25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial0101
25-hydroxyvitamin D-1 alpha hydroxylase, mitochondrial0202
Cytochrome P450 26A10101
Camphor 5-monooxygenase0001
Chymotrypsinogen A0101
Beta-lactamase0101
Epoxide hydrolase 10001
Cytochrome P450 2C11 0101
Steroid 21-hydroxylase0101
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase 0101
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial 0101
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 10203
Cytochrome P450 2A20101
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial 0303
Cytochrome P450 7A1 0101
Estrogen receptor0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0202
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor0112
Type-1 angiotensin II receptor0101
Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic0101
Cytochrome P450 4F20101
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial0202
1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) 24-hydroxylase, mitochondrial0101
Sodium/bile acid cotransporter0101
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0314
Cytochrome P450 7A10101
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase 0202
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
WRN1001
integrase, partial0101
lens epithelium-derived growth factor p750101
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA15005
pyruvate kinase2002
hexokinase-4 isoform 12002
glucokinase regulatory protein2002
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 14004
snurportin-14004
DNA polymerase eta isoform 14004
Polyphenol oxidase 20002
Plasma kallikrein0003
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck0101
Tyrosinase0101
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
SLC16A10 protein0003
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative0003
Monocarboxylate transporter 100003
phosphoglycerate kinase1001
Chain A, Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit N-methyltransferase, chloroplast0101
Chain A, Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit N-methyltransferase, chloroplast0101
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial0202
PINK11001
Progesterone receptor0629
Androgen receptor0011
Estrogen receptor beta0426
Liver carboxylesterase 10001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0203
Mu-type opioid receptor0203
RGS121001
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein2002
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor1001
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform 11001
transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 11001
Endothelin receptor type B0101
Acetylcholinesterase0202
Endothelin receptor type B0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0303
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1E0001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0303
Kappa-type opioid receptor0225
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype0001
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype0001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0012
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40001
Histamine H4 receptor0001
Heparanase0011
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE0011
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE0011
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE0011
acid sphingomyelinase1001
ClpP1001
Thymidylate synthase 0101
Thymidylate synthase 0101
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX121001
DNA polymerase beta1001
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]0101
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]0101
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor1001
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform a0101
Toll-like receptor 40101
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10101
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30102
Dihydrofolate reductase0405
Dihydrofolate reductase0203
Dihydrofolate reductase 0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0203
Thymidylate synthase0101
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL10011
Thymidylate synthase0202
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Thymidylate synthase0202
High mobility group protein B10011
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Thymidylate synthase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0224
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase0101
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Folate receptor beta0101
Folate receptor alpha0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0202
Histidine decarboxylase0112
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-30101
Cyclin-dependent kinase 20011
Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATIC0202
Reduced folate transporter0202
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial0103
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating0202
Caspase-71001
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Pteridine reductase 10101
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial0103
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10102
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-30101
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Dihydrofolate reductase 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 110001
Proton-coupled folate transporter0101
Multidrug resistance associated protein0102
Solute carrier family 22 member 110001
Protein-arginine deiminase type-40101
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20102
PPM1D protein2002
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20033
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0011
Myeloperoxidase0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Lactoperoxidase0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0203
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 11001
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor2002
plasminogen precursor2002
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor2002
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial0101
Adenosine receptor A10303
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A80001
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10101
tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein1001
Transporter0202
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Oxytocin receptor0011
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
Vpr2002
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
luciferase0001
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Glucocorticoid receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0011
Glutamine synthetase0011
Nociceptin receptor0011
thioredoxin glutathione reductase2002
Mcl-10101
neutrophil cytosol factor 10101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 41001
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20001
heat shock protein 90, putative0001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0101
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40204
NH(3)-dependent NAD(+) synthetase0101
Arylacetamide deacetylase0102
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A20103
Glutathione S-transferase omega-10101
DNA gyrase subunit B0101
DNA gyrase subunit A0101
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]0101
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta0101
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0101
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 0101
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0101
Chain A, Mineralocorticoid receptor0101
Chain A, Mineralocorticoid receptor0101
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor2002
Chain A, ykoF0011
Chain B, ykoF0011
Chain A, ThiT0011
Thiamine transporter ThiT0011
Transketolase0011
Thiamine-binding periplasmic protein0011
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-10022
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-10022
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK11001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A50002
Transthyretin0103
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha0235
Thyroid hormone receptor beta0235
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen0202
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C10102
Monocarboxylate transporter 80001
Bile acid receptor0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C10001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Prothrombin0011
Thyroid hormone receptor beta0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C10001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A10001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Chain A, Trp Rna-binding Attenuation Protein0011
Chain K, Trp Rna-binding Attenuation Protein0011
Chain B, tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase0011
Chain C, Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase II0011
Alkaline phosphatase, tissue-nonspecific isozyme0101
Stromelysin-10101
Intestinal-type alkaline phosphatase0101
Tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase0102
Tryprostatin B synthase0001
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate synthase0011
Phospholipase A-2-activating protein0101
Chain A, CHORISMATE MUTASE0101
Chain A, TYROSYL-tRNA SYNTHETASE0011
Tubulin--tyrosine ligase0101
Taste receptor type 2 member 140001
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 70101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 10101
Protease 0101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 0202
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]