Argyria

A permanent ashen-gray discoloration of the skin, conjunctiva, and internal organs resulting from long-continued use of silver salts. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Synonym
Argyria

Excerpt	Reference
"The problem of argyria is discussed as a state of intoxication in chronic use of silver-containing medicaments."	( Eturska, M; Obreshkova, E, 1979)
"A case of argyriasis in a 45-year-old woman is reported."	( Boleda Relats, M; Pardo-Peret, P; Sans-Sabrafen, J, 1979)
"Argyria is characterised by a slate blue-gray discolouration of the skin, particularly in areas exposed to light."	( Van Garsse, L; Versieck, J, 1995)
"Argyria is a rare cause of cutaneous discolouration caused by silver deposition."	( Brady, K; Powell, AM; Russell-Jones, R; White, JM, 2003)
"Argyria is the general term used to denote a clinical condition in which excessive administration and deposition of silver causes a permanent irreversible gray-blue discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes."	( Bowler, PG; Bradshaw, P; Cochrane, CA; Parsons, D; Walker, M, 2006)
"Argyria is often considered an entity of the past, one which has largely disappeared with the cessation of silver usage in oral medications."	( Chang, AL; Egbert, B; Khosravi, V, 2006)
"Argyria is most commonly reported in association with prolonged ingestion of silver-containing medicaments."	( Browning, JC; Levy, ML, 2008)
"Argyria is generally classified as localized or generalized condition."	( Benada, O; Joska, L; Venclíková, Z, 2011)
"[1] Argyria is an exceedingly rare disease that became uncommon because medications containing silver are no longer used and occupational protection has evolved significantly."	( Lobo, I; Pinto-Almeida, T; Selores, M, 2013)
"Argyria is an uncommon blue-gray pigmentation of the skin (increased in sun-exposed areas), nail unit, and mucous membranes caused by prolonged silver exposure."	( Bowen, AR; Hull, CM; Saluja, SS, 2015)
"Localized cutaneous argyria is a rare condition secondary to skin deposition of silver following exposure to substances containing this metal."	( Elvira, JJ; García-Martínez, P; Gómez-Martín, I; Ibáñez, J; Lloreta, J; López Aventín, D; Pujol, RM; Segura, S, 2016)
"Argyria is a rare cause of nasopharyngeal mucosal pigmentation; it is not a precancerous condition, but it can be mistaken for a melanosis or a melanocytic tumor both clinically and histopathologically."	( Fasanella, L; Ferrara, G; Filosa, A; Mariani, MP, 2018)
"Argyria is a rare condition characterized by gray/blue dislocation of the skin caused by chronic exposure to silver salts."	( Buchanan, JA; Simon, M, 2020)
"Argyria is a blue-gray discoloration of the skin due to deposited silver granules."	( Hadrup, N; Jacobsen, NR; Loeschner, K; Sharma, AK, 2022)

Excerpt	Reference
"Argyria has become uncommon as medications containing silver are no longer employed and occupational protection for those with exposure to silver salts has become more refined."	( Marsch, WC; Stadie, V, 2004)
"Localized argyria has been described after the implantation of acupuncture needles and silver-coated prostheses, although the presence of silver was tested only for and shown in the former."	( Hadrup, N; Jacobsen, NR; Loeschner, K; Sharma, AK, 2022)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	131 (54.81)	23.3326
1990's	19 (7.95)	12.5806
2000's	40 (16.74)	18.1394
2010's	34 (14.23)	28.8240
2020's	15 (6.28)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
acetic acid	low	2	0
salicylic acid	low	1	0
dimethyl sulfoxide	low	1	0
glycine	low	1	0
nickel	low	1	0
nitrates	low	1	0
pyrogallol	low	1	0
amiodarone	low	2	0
chlorpromazine	low	2	0
clofazimine	low	1	0
deferoxamine	low	1	0
amphetamine	low	1	0
pentetic acid	low	1	0
dimercaprol	low	6	0
haloperidol	low	1	0
imipramine	low	1	0
methenamine	low	1	0
methylphenidate	low	1	0
perphenazine	low	1	0
phenacetin	low	1	0
phenindione	low	1	0
potassium iodide	low	2	0
prochlorperazine	low	1	0
trifluoperazine	low	1	0
trihexyphenidyl	low	1	0
reserpine	low	1	0
penicillamine	low	4	0
cyanides	low	1	0
edetic acid	low	1	0
methionine	low	2	0
phencyclidine	low	1	0
trichloroethylene	low	1	0
diphenhydramine hydrochloride	low	1	0
malondialdehyde	low	1	0
zinc oxide	low	1	0
d-alpha tocopherol	low	2	0
mercury	medium	7	1
platinum	low	1	0
silver	medium	175	1
thorium	low	1	0
titanium	low	1	0
cadmium	low	1	0
chromium	low	1	0
gold	low	4	0
barium sulfate	low	1	0
silver nitrate	low	36	0
silver chloride	low	1	0
trolamine salicylate	low	1	0
ammonium chloride	low	2	0
fluorides	low	1	0
iodine	low	1	0
phenyl acetate	low	2	0
delphinidin	low	1	0
cobalt	low	1	0
silver fluoride	low	1	0
cortisone	low	1	0
povidone-iodine	low	1	0
arsphenamine	low	1	0
unithiol	low	1	0
alpha-chymotrypsin	low	1	0
phenylephrine hydrochloride	low	3	0
lead	low	3	0
tin	low	2	0
bismuth	low	3	0
thallium	low	2	0
arsenic	low	1	0
sulfur	low	4	0
beryllium	low	1	0
selenium	low	11	0
tellurium	low	1	0
radium	low	1	0
tannins	low	4	0
ascorbic acid	low	1	0
minocycline	low	1	0
salicylates	low	2	0
orabase	low	1	0
muramidase	low	1	0
cholestyramine resin	low	1	0
eye	low	9	0
metallothionein	low	1	0

Protein Targets (653)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	22	0	0	22
Free fatty acid receptor 3	0	0	1	1
Free fatty acid receptor 2	0	1	1	2
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck	0	0	1	1
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn	0	4	1	5
Fibrinogen C domain-containing protein 1	0	1	0	1
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	8	0	0	8
acetylcholinesterase	5	0	0	5
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	9	0	0	9
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	3	0	0	3
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	16	0	0	16
SMAD family member 2	2	0	0	2
ATAD5 protein, partial	6	0	0	6
Fumarate hydratase	4	0	0	4
USP1 protein, partial	9	0	0	9
NFKB1 protein, partial	6	0	0	6
PPM1D protein	1	0	0	1
SMAD family member 3	2	0	0	2
TDP1 protein	18	0	0	18
Thrombopoietin	7	0	0	7
AR protein	16	0	0	16
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	5	0	0	5
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	9	0	0	9
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	4	0	0	4
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	10	0	0	10
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	5	0	0	5
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	9	0	0	9
progesterone receptor	7	0	0	7
EWS/FLI fusion protein	4	0	0	4
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	15	0	0	15
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	16	0	0	16
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	12	0	0	12
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	13	0	0	13
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	5	0	0	5
pregnane X nuclear receptor	9	0	0	9
G	6	0	0	6
cytochrome P450 2D6	9	0	0	9
polyprotein	4	0	0	4
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	9	0	0	9
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	9	0	0	9
caspase-3	5	0	0	5
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	18	0	0	18
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	8	0	0	8
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	10	0	0	10
Histone H2A.x	5	0	0	5
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1	8	0	0	8
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	6	0	0	6
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor	2	0	0	2
D(1A) dopamine receptor	7	0	0	7
chromobox protein homolog 1	12	0	0	12
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a	5	0	0	5
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d	11	0	0	11
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	12	0	0	12
heat shock protein beta-1	4	0	0	4
huntingtin isoform 2	1	0	0	1
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	9	0	0	9
flap endonuclease 1	5	0	0	5
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1	7	0	0	7
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	15	0	0	15
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	3	0	0	3
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor	3	0	0	3
plasminogen precursor	3	0	0	3
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor	3	0	0	3
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	4	0	0	4
geminin	18	0	0	18
peripheral myelin protein 22	11	0	0	11
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	8	0	0	8
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	9	0	0	9
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	9	0	0	9
lethal factor (plasmid)	9	0	0	9
lamin isoform A-delta10	18	0	0	18
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	9	0	0	9
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	9	0	0	9
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	10	0	10
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	10	0	10
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	3	0	3
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A4	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F	0	4	0	4
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	8	0	8
Lysine-specific demethylase PHF2	0	1	0	1
Bile salt export pump	0	14	0	14
Interferon beta	6	0	0	6
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	6	0	0	6
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha	0	1	0	1
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-2	0	2	0	2
Cellular tumor antigen p53	13	0	0	13
Integrin beta-3	6	0	0	6
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	2	0	2
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	8	0	8
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	0	9	0	9
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	0	9	0	9
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	10	1	13
Integrin alpha-IIb	6	0	0	6
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor	0	4	0	4
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	0	10	0	10
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	8	0	8
Adenosine receptor A3	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2C8	0	1	0	1
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha	0	1	0	1
Thyroid hormone receptor beta	0	1	0	1
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	0	10	0	10
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor	0	4	0	4
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	11	1	15
Androgen receptor	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	9	0	0	9
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	0	9	0	9
Lethal factor	0	1	0	1
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	8	1	9
Thyroid hormone receptor beta	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	9	0	0	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	9	0	0	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	9	0	0	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	9	0	0	9
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	0	9	0	9
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	2	0	2
Substance-K receptor	0	4	0	4
D(1A) dopamine receptor	0	8	0	10
D(4) dopamine receptor	0	8	1	12
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	9	0	0	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	9	0	0	9
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 2, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	0	12	0	12
Histamine H2 receptor	0	6	0	6
Endothelin-1 receptor	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	11	0	11
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	9	0	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	9	0	0	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	9	0	0	9
Lysine-specific demethylase 5A	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	9	0	0	9
B2 bradykinin receptor	0	2	0	2
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	14	0	14
Melanocortin receptor 4	0	4	0	4
C-8 sterol isomerase	0	3	0	3
Melanocortin receptor 5	0	4	0	4
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	8	1	9
D(3) dopamine receptor	0	8	1	12
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Squalene synthase	0	1	0	1
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	4	0	4
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	4	0	4
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	8	0	8
C-C chemokine receptor type 2	0	2	0	2
Melanocortin receptor 3	0	4	0	4
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	0	9	0	9
Histamine H2 receptor	9	1	0	11
D(1A) dopamine receptor	6	1	0	7
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6	0	8	0	8
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, liver isoform	0	1	0	1
C-C chemokine receptor type 4	0	2	0	2
Spike glycoprotein	9	1	1	11
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	9	0	0	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	9	0	0	9
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	9	0	0	9
Sodium channel protein type 7 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D	0	4	0	4
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	0	9	0	9
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	0	12	0	12
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S	0	4	0	4
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	4	0	4
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Squalene monooxygenase	0	1	0	1
3-beta-hydroxysteroid-Delta(8),Delta(7)-isomerase	0	3	0	3
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Lysine-specific demethylase 7A	0	1	0	1
GABA theta subunit	9	0	0	9
Carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1, muscle isoform	0	1	0	1
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	6	0	0	6
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	11	0	11
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Ataxin-2	12	0	0	12
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	14	0	14
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	9	0	0	9
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-3, mitochondrial	0	0	1	1
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Sodium channel protein type 11 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Histone lysine demethylase PHF8	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 8 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha	0	4	0	4
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	6	0	0	6
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	8	0	0	8
Solute carrier family 22 member 3	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	6	2	8
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2A6	0	1	0	1
Substance-P receptor	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	6	2	8
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	10	2	12
Cytochrome P450 2A5	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	0	6	0	6
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	0	9	1	10
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	0	3	1	4
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F	0	3	1	4
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	6	2	8
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6	0	1	1	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	0	3	1	4
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A	0	1	1	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B	0	1	1	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A	0	1	1	2
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	1	1	2
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B	0	1	1	2
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	6	0	6
Chain A, Hyaluronidase, phage associated	0	1	0	1
GLI family zinc finger 3	14	0	0	14
thioredoxin glutathione reductase	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	10	0	0	10
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	9	0	0	9
IDH1	7	0	0	7
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	3	0	0	3
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I	2	0	0	2
Polyphenol oxidase 2	0	2	0	3
Pancreatic alpha-amylase	0	2	0	2
Albumin	0	1	0	1
Urease	0	1	0	1
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1	0	0	0	1
Tyrosinase	0	1	0	1
Hyaluronate lyase	0	1	0	1
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN2	0	0	0	1
Egl nine homolog 1	0	0	0	1
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN3	0	0	0	1
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 23 member 1	0	1	0	1
pregnane X receptor	2	0	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2E1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 1	0	9	0	9
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	9	0	9
Carbonic anhydrase 4	0	8	0	8
Carbonic anhydrase	0	5	0	5
Carbonic anhydrase 15	0	6	0	6
Luciferase	3	0	0	3
interleukin 8	4	0	0	4
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	4	0	0	4
Glutamate receptor 2	4	0	0	4
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma	2	0	0	2
Proteasome subunit beta type-11	0	0	0	1
thioredoxin reductase	7	0	0	7
Microtubule-associated protein tau	9	0	0	9
Smad3	5	0	0	5
NADPH oxidase 1	0	3	0	3
67.9K protein	6	0	0	6
Snq2p	0	0	0	5
Adenylate cyclase type 1	0	3	0	3
Caspase-7	2	0	0	2
Spike glycoprotein	0	1	1	2
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	1	1	2
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	8	0	0	8
caspase-3	2	0	0	2
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	1	0	0	1
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor	6	0	0	6
ras-related protein Rab-9A	3	0	0	3
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	3	0	0	3
M-phase phosphoprotein 8	7	0	0	7
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	5	0	0	5
Proteasome subunit alpha type-7	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	4	0	4
Transmembrane protease serine 2	0	1	1	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D	0	2	0	2
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B	0	2	0	2
Bile salt export pump	0	3	0	3
Potassium channel subfamily K member 2	0	2	0	2
Epidermal growth factor receptor	0	3	0	3
Albumin	0	1	2	3
Albumin	0	0	3	3
Major prion protein	0	0	3	3
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 1	0	2	0	2
Major prion protein	0	0	1	1
Cytochrome P450 1A2	0	2	1	5
Procathepsin L	0	1	1	2
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	0	3	1	4
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	0	3	1	4
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	0	3	1	4
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	4	0	4
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	0	4	1	5
Replicase polyprotein 1a	0	1	1	2
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	1	1	2
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	1	1	2
Cys-loop ligand-gated ion channel	0	1	0	1
Calmodulin-1	0	2	2	4
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	1	1	2
Cytochrome P450 2D6	0	4	1	5
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	0	3	1	4
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	6	0	6
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	0	2	0	2
Angiotensin-converting enzyme	0	9	0	9
Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase	0	2	0	2
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	0	6	0	6
D	0	5	0	5
D(3) dopamine receptor	0	5	0	5
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	5	0	5
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	3	0	3
Proteasome subunit beta type-1	0	0	0	1
D(1B) dopamine receptor	0	3	0	5
Adenylate cyclase type 3	0	3	0	3
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	0	5	0	5
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A4	0	1	0	4
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	5	0	5
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	0	7	0	7
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	0	6	0	6
D(1B) dopamine receptor	0	5	0	5
Proteasome subunit alpha type-1	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit alpha type-2	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit alpha type-3	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit alpha type-4	0	0	0	1
Adenylate cyclase type 2	0	3	0	3
Adenylate cyclase type 4	0	3	0	3
Proteasome subunit beta type-8	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit beta type-9	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit alpha type-5	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit beta type-4	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit beta type-6	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit beta type-5	0	0	0	1
Trypanothione reductase	0	4	0	4
D(4) dopamine receptor	0	5	0	5
Histamine H1 receptor	0	1	0	1
Pleiotropic ABC efflux transporter of multiple drugs	0	5	0	10
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	0	4	0	4
Histamine H1 receptor	0	8	0	8
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	0	7	1	8
Adenylate cyclase type 8	0	3	0	3
Proteasome subunit beta type-10	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit beta type-3	0	0	0	1
Proteasome subunit beta type-2	0	0	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	0	4	0	4
Cytochrome P450 2J2	0	6	0	6
Gastrin/cholecystokinin type B receptor	0	2	0	2
Proteasome subunit alpha type-6	0	0	1	2
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	6	1	8
Calmodulin	0	1	2	3
Aldehyde oxidase 1	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A	0	7	1	8
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B	0	7	1	8
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C	0	7	1	9
Adenylate cyclase type 6	0	3	0	3
Adenylate cyclase type 5	0	3	0	3
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	0	3	0	3
Aldehyde oxidase	0	3	0	3
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A	0	3	0	3
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B	0	3	0	3
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D	0	7	1	8
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3	0	8	0	8
Adenylyl cyclase 7	0	3	0	3
Proteasome subunit alpha-type 8	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B	0	7	1	8
D	0	2	0	2
Proteasome subunit beta type-7	0	0	0	1
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2	0	1	1	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A	0	7	1	8
Histamine H3 receptor	0	1	0	1
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A	5	0	0	5
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3	2	0	0	2
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1	3	0	0	3
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 2 isoform 1	0	0	1	1
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform a	2	0	0	2
snurportin-1	3	0	0	3
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 1	3	0	0	3
streptokinase A precursor	0	0	1	1
mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 isoform 1	0	0	1	1
Estrogen receptor	0	0	1	1
Spike glycoprotein	0	0	1	1
Cruzipain	0	1	0	1
C-terminal-binding protein 1	1	0	0	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	0	1	1
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	0	2	0	2
Chain A, HADH2 protein	4	0	0	4
Chain B, HADH2 protein	4	0	0	4
endonuclease IV	5	0	0	5
dopamine D1 receptor	1	0	0	1
GLS protein	6	0	0	6
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	8	0	0	8
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	4	0	0	4
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1	6	0	0	6
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor	1	0	0	1
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	2	0	2
Sex hormone-binding globulin	0	0	1	1
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1	0	2	0	2
Corticosteroid-binding globulin	0	1	0	1
Glycine receptor subunit beta	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3	0	2	0	2
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1	0	0	1	1
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	3	0	0	3
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	0	3	0	3
activating transcription factor 6	6	0	0	6
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	1	0	0	1
Glutathione S-transferase P	0	1	0	1
Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein	0	0	1	1
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1	4	0	0	4
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	4	0	0	4
Lysine-specific demethylase 4A	0	1	0	1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G	2	0	0	2
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha	0	0	1	1
Methylcytosine dioxygenase TET2	0	1	0	1
Deoxyhypusine hydroxylase	0	1	0	1
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2	0	1	0	1
Alpha-synuclein	1	1	0	2
Lactoylglutathione lyase	0	1	0	1
Histone acetyltransferase p300	0	1	0	1
CREB-binding protein	0	1	0	1
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	3	0	0	3
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	0	0	1	1
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	5	0	0	5
Cereblon isoform 4	0	2	0	2
Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5	0	0	1	1
Choline O-acetyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Protein cereblon	0	2	0	2
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	5	0	0	5
Inositol monophosphatase 1	2	0	0	2
Eyes absent homolog 2	0	1	0	1
Amyloid-beta precursor protein	0	1	0	1
Angiotensin-converting enzyme	0	1	0	1
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-13	0	1	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	1
Beta-lactamase VIM-1	0	1	0	1
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1	0	0	1	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	0	2	0	2
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Serine racemase	0	1	0	1
Olfactory receptor 51E2	0	0	1	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent glycine transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	5	0	0	5
glp-1 receptor, partial	6	0	0	6
15-lipoxygenase, partial	5	0	0	5
nonstructural protein 1	5	0	0	5
glucocerebrosidase	4	0	0	4
arylsulfatase A	2	0	0	2
transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	2	0	0	2
Cocaine esterase	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9	0	1	0	2
Vitamin D-binding protein	0	1	0	1
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain	0	0	1	1
Integrin beta-1	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 3A4	0	1	0	3
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	0	2	0	2
Integrin alpha-4	0	1	0	1
Carbonyl reductase [NADPH] 1	0	0	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7	0	2	0	3
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A	0	1	0	1
Adenosine receptor A1	0	1	0	1
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Histamine H1 receptor	0	3	0	3
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	4	0	4
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	2	0	2
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	1	0	1
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	1	0	1
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
D(3) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
AP-2 complex subunit sigma	0	1	0	1
N-acetyltransferase Eis	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	1	0	1
Calcitonin gene-related peptide type 1 receptor	0	1	0	1
Genome polyprotein	0	2	0	2
Sigma intracellular receptor 2	0	1	0	1
Sigma intracellular receptor 2	0	2	0	2
Zinc finger protein 664	0	1	0	1
Vesicular acetylcholine transporter	0	1	0	1
Transporter	0	1	0	1
Cholecystokinin receptor type A	0	1	0	1
Protease	0	2	0	2
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4	0	1	0	1
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 3	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C19	0	0	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A3	0	0	0	1
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B	0	1	0	1
Envelope glycoprotein	0	0	1	1
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	2	0	2
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 2	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	0	1	0	1
Transporter	0	2	0	2
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor	0	2	0	2
Chain A, Methionyl-tRNA synthetase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Methionyl-tRNA synthetase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Aminopeptidase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Methionine aminopeptidase	0	1	0	1
S-ribosylhomocysteine lyase	0	1	0	1
Adenylate cyclase type 5	0	0	0	1
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-1	0	0	0	1
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-2	0	0	0	1
Fatty acid synthase	0	1	0	1
Stromelysin-1	0	1	1	2
Matrilysin	0	1	0	1
Multidrug transporter MdfA	0	1	0	1
Matrix metalloproteinase-9	0	1	0	1
Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP15	0	1	0	1
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4	0	2	0	2
Sodium/iodide cotransporter	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	3	0	0	3
Cystathionine gamma-lyase	0	2	0	2
Succinyl-diaminopimelate desuccinylase	0	1	0	1
GALC protein	2	0	0	2
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	3	0	0	3
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	4	0	0	4
Chain A, Beta-lactamase	3	0	0	3
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1	2	0	0	2
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B	4	0	0	4
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)	2	0	0	2
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	4	0	0	4
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor	2	0	0	2
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N	0	1	0	1
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a	1	0	0	1
protein AF-9 isoform a	0	0	0	1
bcl-2-related protein A1	0	1	0	1
Vpr	2	0	0	2
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform a	0	0	0	2
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A	3	0	0	3
Aldehyde oxidase 1	0	1	0	1
Retinal dehydrogenase 1	0	1	0	1
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17	1	0	0	1
Aldehyde oxidase 1	0	1	0	1
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	2	0	0	2
Aldehyde oxidase 1	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 1A2	0	0	0	2
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-6	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1	0	1	0	1
Arylacetamide deacetylase	0	0	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	2	0	2
Arylacetamide deacetylase	0	0	0	1
Arylacetamide deacetylase	0	0	0	1
Chain A, Immunoglobulin	0	0	1	1
Chain B, Immunoglobulin	0	0	1	1
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	0	0	1	2
Cytochrome P450 2B6	0	1	0	1
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	0	0	1	2
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	0	0	1
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	0	0	1
Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	0	0	1
Cholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	0	0	1	2
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	0	0	1	2
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	0	0	1	2
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	1	0	0	1
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
beta-2 adrenergic receptor	1	0	0	1
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein	1	0	0	1
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-1	0	0	1	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	0	1	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	1	0	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	1	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 9	0	2	0	2
Mcl-1	0	1	0	1
neutrophil cytosol factor 1	0	1	0	1
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	2	0	0	2
runt-related transcription factor 1 isoform AML1b	1	0	0	1
core-binding factor subunit beta isoform 2	1	0	0	1
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 6	0	2	0	2
Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	2	0	2
Autoinducer 2-binding periplasmic protein LuxP	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	2	0	2
5-lipoxygenase	0	1	0	1
hemoglobin subunit beta	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase beta	1	0	0	1
nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform 1	1	0	0	1
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1	1	0	0	1
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor	2	0	0	2
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F isoform a	1	0	0	1
Quinolone resistance protein NorA	0	1	0	2
DNA topoisomerase 1	0	1	0	1
Chromaffin granule amine transporter	0	1	0	1
Caspase-7	1	0	0	1
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter	0	1	0	1
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter	0	2	1	3
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Lysr-type Regulatory Protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, 146aa long hypothetical transcriptional regulator	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain C, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Anthranilate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog	1	0	0	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	0	0	1
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 12	0	1	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2	0	0	0	1
Polymerase acidic protein	0	0	1	1
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase YopH	0	1	0	1
High mobility group protein B1	0	0	1	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	0	1	0	3
Estrogen receptor	0	0	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 7	0	1	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1	0	0	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2	0	0	0	1
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	0	1	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	0	0	0	1
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 20	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	1
Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	1	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3	0	0	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 14	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1	0	0	0	1
Genome polyprotein	0	1	0	1
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1	1	0	0	1
Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Lysozyme C-1	0	1	0	1
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain	1	0	0	1
Protein kinase C alpha type	0	1	0	1
Beta-glucuronidase	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C delta type	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C epsilon type	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C zeta type	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C gamma type	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C beta type	0	1	0	1
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C eta type	0	1	0	1
Calcium-dependent protein kinase 4	0	1	0	1
WD repeat-containing protein 48	0	1	0	1
Emopamil-binding protein-like	0	1	0	1
Protein kinase C theta type	0	1	0	1
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Synonyms(1)

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Overview

Context

Research

Studies (239)

Protein Targets (653)

Argyria

Synonyms(1)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Context

Research

Studies (239)

Drugs Studied (95)

Protein Targets (653)