Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Apoplexy, Pituitary

The sudden loss of blood supply to the PITUITARY GLAND, leading to tissue NECROSIS and loss of function (PANHYPOPITUITARISM). The most common cause is hemorrhage or INFARCTION of a PITUITARY ADENOMA. It can also result from acute hemorrhage into SELLA TURCICA due to HEAD TRAUMA; INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; or other acute effects of central nervous system hemorrhage. Clinical signs include severe HEADACHE; HYPOTENSION; bilateral visual disturbances; UNCONSCIOUSNESS; and COMA.

Synonyms(2)

Synonym
Apoplexy, Pituitary
Pituitary Apoplexy

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Pituitary apoplexy is a serious complication in about 3% of patients with a pituitary adenoma."( Pincus, SM; Roelfsema, F; van den Berg, G; van Dulken, H; Veldhuis, JD, 1998)
"Pituitary apoplexy is an acute infarction of pituitary gland, and potentially life-threatening condition that may be highly variable in its clinical presentation."( Carter, WA; Cho, AS; Lee, CC, 2000)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a sight-threatening syndrome in which a pituitary adenoma undergoes sudden enlargement as a result of haemorrhage, infarction or both."( Coroneo, MT; Francis, IC; Watson, SL, 2002)
"The symptoms of pituitary apoplexy are typically impressive and are relieved by urgent transsphenoidal decompression."( Anstadt, MR; Mattke, AF; Vender, JR, 2002)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a rare and underdiagnosed clinical syndrome."( Floridi, P; Marroni, M; Perriello, G; Santeusanio, F; Stagni, G; Valente, M, 2003)
"In conclusion, pituitary apoplexy is rare in children but should be considered if a patient suffers from headache, vomiting, and visual deficit."( Chuang, H; Jung, SM; Lo, FS; Van, YH; Yang, MH, 2003)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a rare clinical syndrome caused by sudden haemorrhaging or infarction of the pituitary gland, generally within a pituitary adenoma."( Chanson, P; Ducreux, D; Lepeintre, JF, 2004)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a potentially life threatening medical emergency."( Davis, A; Goel, S; Lavis, V; Picolos, M; Wang, M, 2006)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a rare and life-threatening clinical condition caused by hemorrhage and/or infarction of the pituitary gland or adenoma."( Balarini Lima, GA; Dos Santos Silva, CM; Filho, PN; Gadelha, MR; Machado, Ede O, 2008)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a rare medical emergency which results from hemorrhage or infarction in the pituitary gland."( Chng, E; Dalan, R, 2013)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a rare event in which the pituitary gland undergoes infarction or haemorrhage, most commonly in the setting of an underlying tumour."( Watson, V, 2015)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a rare complication of the initial administration of leuprolide acetate."( Fabiano, AJ; George, S, 2016)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a medical condition that needs urgent diagnosis and treatment."( Bayraktaroglu, T; Gul, S; Kuzu, F; Unal, M, 2018)
"Pituitary apoplexy is a rare endocrine emergency."( Mishra, S; Mittal, A; Rajput, R; Yadav, K, 2019)
"EEA for pituitary apoplexy is effective in rapidly improving headache and visual symptoms."( Bonney, PA; Carmichael, J; Chesney, K; Jason Liu, CS; Memel, Z; Pangal, DJ; Shiroishi, M; Strickland, BA; Zada, G, 2020)

Context

ExcerptReference
"The syndrome of pituitary apoplexy has been reported to occur after the administration of several different medications."( Jamal, S; Morsi, A; Silverberg, JD, 1996)
"Pituitary apoplexy has been reported following cardiac bypass surgery."( Coroneo, MT; Francis, IC; Watson, SL, 2002)
"Pituitary apoplexy has been reported to occur spontaneously in the majority of cases or in association with various inducing factors."( Matsuda, H; Matsumi, J; Matsusaki, T; Mizobuchi, S; Morimatsu, H; Morita, K; Sato, K; Sato, T; Yagi, T, 2011)
"Pituitary apoplexy has been reported after leuprolide therapy."( Babbo, A; Bajramovic, S; Chandler, JP; Garnett, J; Kalapurakal, GT; Kalapurakal, JA; Liu, B, 2014)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"The syndrome of pituitary apoplexy has been reported to occur after the administration of several different medications."( Jamal, S; Morsi, A; Silverberg, JD, 1996)
"A case of pituitary apoplexy occurring after Gd-DTPA-administration for contrast enhanced MRI in a patient with an hGH-producing macro-adenoma is presented."( Klingmüller, D; Kristof, RA; Schramm, J; Springer, W; Wichers, M, 1997)
"A diagnosis of pituitary apoplexy was made and she was treated conservatively with dexamethasone."( Papanicolaou, DA; Patronas, N; Rotman-Pikielny, P, 2003)
"We report a case of delayed onset pituitary apoplexy following GnRHA therapy."( Cherukuri, RK; Moses, RG; Nasser, E; Sinnadurai, M, 2010)
"Postoperative DI associated with pituitary apoplexy during pregnancy should be treated by DDAVP, which is not affected by placental vasopressinase secretion."( Hamada, J; Hayashi, Y; Kita, D; Sano, H; Tachibana, O; Takamura, T, 2012)
"We report a patient with pituitary apoplexy following this therapy as a rare complication and review the related literature."( Iizuka, H; Koya, D; Nakagawa, A; Sasagawa, Y; Tachibana, O, 2015)

Research

Studies (130)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19905 (3.85)23.3326
1990's21 (16.15)12.5806
2000's41 (31.54)18.1394
2010's44 (33.85)28.8240
2020's19 (14.62)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
pentetic acid0low20
dipyridamole0low10
gentamicin0low10
lidocaine0low20
indomethacin0low10
temozolomide0low10
thyroxine0medium171
prednisone0low10
penicillin g0low10
triiodothyronine0low10
levodopa0low10
cytarabine0low10
methylprednisolone0low30
isosorbide dinitrate0low20
dexamethasone 21-phosphate0low10
cyproterone acetate0low10
gadolinium0low10
isosorbide-5-mononitrate0low10
lisuride0low20
bromocriptine0low120
fludrocortisone0low10
propiconazole0low20
cabergoline0low120
clopidogrel0low10
regadenoson0low10
cortisone0low30
oxytocin0low10
dironyl0low20
leuprolide0low120
enclomiphene0low10
lithium0low10
phenylephrine hydrochloride0low40
deamino arginine vasopressin0low40
goserelin0low40
gadolinium dtpa0low40
ergoline0low80
osi 9300low10
rivaroxaban0low10
pituitrin0low10
atrial natriuretic factor0low10
cardiovascular agents0low10
trelstar0low30
warfarin0low10
dacarbazine0low10
vardenafil dihydrochloride0low10

Protein Targets (913)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE9009
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE5005
Chain A, Phospholipase A2 isoform 30011
Chain A, HADH2 protein6006
Chain B, HADH2 protein6006
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase8008
GTP-binding protein (rab7)0011
ras protein, partial0011
interleukin 83003
thioredoxin reductase100010
GLS protein5005
AR protein180018
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A18008
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor6006
hypothetical protein, conserved1001
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4130013
EWS/FLI fusion protein9009
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]160016
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 19009
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha140014
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha200020
cytochrome P450 2D65005
glucocerebrosidase3003
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta9009
Rac1 protein0011
IDH16006
cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa), partial0011
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2120012
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 15005
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 12002
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)6006
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 16006
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M15005
lethal factor (plasmid)2002
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase0202
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3011011
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4011011
Solute carrier family 22 member 60303
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0203
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0203
Bile salt export pump015015
Epidermal growth factor receptor0415
Carbonic anhydrase 10304
Carbonic anhydrase 20304
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Integrin beta-30101
Myeloperoxidase0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10304
Seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-10101
Integrin alpha-IIb0101
Glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10404
Adenosine receptor A10405
Adenosine receptor A2a0405
Substance-P receptor0202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20415
Urotensin-2 receptor0101
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial0101
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma4004
Ras-related protein Rab-2A0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-14116
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20303
Rho-associated protein kinase 20202
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0202
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1011011
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10415
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10011
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 10011
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 0011
Chain A, Diaminopimelate decarboxylase0101
Chain B, Diaminopimelate decarboxylase0101
Chain A, Ferritin light chain3003
phosphopantetheinyl transferase5005
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma130013
NFKB1 protein, partial2002
GLI family zinc finger 3100010
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)7007
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B5005
arylsulfatase A3003
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 15005
geminin140014
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 15005
lamin isoform A-delta10110011
TAR DNA-binding protein 434004
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase6006
Genome polyprotein 0112
dopamine D1 receptor3003
ATAD5 protein, partial3003
Fumarate hydratase2002
TDP1 protein160016
regulator of G-protein signaling 43003
pregnane X nuclear receptor120012
G8008
polyprotein2002
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma110011
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a8008
D(1A) dopamine receptor3003
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA5005
chromobox protein homolog 19009
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2130013
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 13003
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 17007
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40606
Interferon beta100010
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 8008
Cellular tumor antigen p53130013
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10303
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0404
Cytochrome P450 3A40404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0314
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0606
D(2) dopamine receptor0426
Androgen receptor0606
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0606
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0606
D0303
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0606
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0202
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
D(1A) dopamine receptor0404
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0404
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0628
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0628
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0505
D(4) dopamine receptor0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0606
Alpha-synuclein1102
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0718
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60606
D(2) dopamine receptor0325
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 18008
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 56006
Ataxin-27007
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial8008
acetylcholinesterase3003
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor5005
Spike glycoprotein7007
Histamine H3 receptor0101
nonstructural protein 15005
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor4004
Cytochrome P450 2C80101
Cytochrome P450 2B60101
Liver carboxylesterase 10002
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0606
Cytochrome P450 2C190101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 42002
P2Y purinoceptor 120101
Chain A, CHIMERA OF IG KAPPA CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain B, CHIMERA OF IG GAMMA-1 CHAIN: HUMAN CONSTANT REGION AND MOUSE VARIABLE REGION0011
Chain H, Fab M82G2, Heavy chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82G2, Light chain0011
Chain H, Fab M82g2, Heavy Chain0011
Chain L, Fab M82g2, Light Chain0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0202
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart0101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0202
Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 10101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20202
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0404
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0303
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50202
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0203
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0102
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0102
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0102
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0102
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0404
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0202
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20404
Leukotriene B4 receptor 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60202
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0102
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0102
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
Leukotriene B4 receptor 20101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0102
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0202
Transporter0202
endonuclease IV3003
pregnane X receptor4004
progesterone receptor100010
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha6006
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor8008
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a5005
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)5005
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor2002
heat shock protein beta-14004
flap endonuclease 14004
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1100010
survival motor neuron protein isoform d3003
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 14004
M-phase phosphoprotein 84004
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi4015
Glucocorticoid receptor0819
Sex hormone-binding globulin0011
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10808
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-14015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta4015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-24015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-54015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-34015
Glycine receptor subunit beta0808
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20808
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-14015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-24015
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30808
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-44015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-34015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-64015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-34015
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-24015
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 10011
GABA theta subunit4015
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10404
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon4015
Chain A, Beta-lactamase7007
Chain A, Cruzipain2002
SMAD family member 24004
USP1 protein, partial6006
SMAD family member 34004
Smad33003
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 36006
farnesoid X nuclear receptor5005
67.9K protein4004
aryl hydrocarbon receptor7007
activating transcription factor 63003
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 23003
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 25006
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 16006
peripheral myelin protein 227007
Progesterone receptor0101
Androgen receptor0314
Adenosine receptor A2b0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0202
ORF730011
glp-1 receptor, partial5005
LMP1 [Human herpesvirus 4]0002
Histone H2A.x2002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a7007
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]0101
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]0101
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform a0101
Thymidine kinase 2, mitochondrial0101
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit4004
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic0101
Thymidine kinase0101
Thymidylate synthase0001
Thymidine kinase0101
Glutamate receptor 24004
Deoxycytidine kinase0012
Probable deoxycytidylate deaminase0001
Cytidine deaminase0102
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Mdm20101
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] 0101
Thymidine kinase0101
Deoxynucleoside kinase0101
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit4004
Matrix metalloproteinase-90101
Inositol monophosphatase 12002
Isocitrate lyase0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor0224
Oxytocin receptor0235
Vasopressin V1a receptor0325
Vasopressin V1b receptor0224
Translocator protein0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0213
Chain A, Breast cancer type 1 susceptibility protein1001
acid sphingomyelinase1001
RGS121001
90-kda heat shock protein beta HSP90 beta, partial0101
Microtubule-associated protein tau3003
Thrombopoietin1001
DNA polymerase III, partial1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)6006
isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, partial1001
LANA0001
NPYLR7B0011
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor1001
serine-protein kinase ATM isoform a1001
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 12002
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein2002
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor2002
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor2002
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d2002
guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 isoform 11001
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 13003
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a2002
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK12002
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform a1001
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20102
snurportin-13003
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor2002
tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein1001
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 11001
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 11001
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor1001
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3F isoform a1001
kelch-like ECH-associated protein 10002
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A3003
cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 20101
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B3003
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 50101
Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit delta0101
High affinity cAMP-specific and IBMX-insensitive 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 8A0101
cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0101
3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase 0202
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 32002
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-42103
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-22103
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150202
Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit alpha0101
Retinal rod rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma0101
Rod cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit beta0101
Histamine H2 receptor4004
Cone cGMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit alpha'0101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1A0101
Caspase-71001
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 171001
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C0101
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase B0101
High affinity cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7A0101
Retinal cone rhodopsin-sensitive cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase subunit gamma0101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C0101
cGMP-inhibited 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase A0101
Exopolyphosphatase PRUNE10101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20101
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 10202
Single-stranded DNA cytosine deaminase1001
Dual 3',5'-cyclic-AMP and -GMP phosphodiesterase 11A0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 7B0101
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20101
Phosphodiesterase 0101
cAMP and cAMP-inhibited cGMP 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 10A0101
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A3003
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA14004
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10022
Vpr2002
D(3) dopamine receptor isoform e1001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0022
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog1001
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N0101
protein AF-9 isoform a0001
Estrogen receptor0202
Receptor tyrosine-protein kinase erbB-20101
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn0213
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50202
Adenosine receptor A30303
Cytochrome P450 2D60202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10202
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30202
Substance-K receptor0202
C-8 sterol isomerase0101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0202
3-beta-hydroxysteroid-Delta(8),Delta(7)-isomerase0101
GALC protein3003
Chain A, membrane-associated prostaglandin E synthase-20101
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase3003
Luciferase2002
Parkin1001
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)2002
ras-related protein Rab-9A1001
Prostaglandin E synthase0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1 0202
Cytochrome c oxidase subunit 20101
Phospholipase A2, major isoenzyme0101
Albumin0123
Procathepsin L0101
Interleukin-80101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase0102
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C40101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 10101
Thromboxane-A synthase 0101
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 10101
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 10101
Caspase-10001
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype0101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP4 subtype0101
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 0101
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 20101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype0101
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma0055
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C30202
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter0101
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 30101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C2 0101
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G3003
Prostaglandin D2 receptor 0202
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A30103
Lactoylglutathione lyase0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C10101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20102
Uracil nucleotide/cysteinyl leukotriene receptor0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Solute carrier family 22 member 70001
Sigma intracellular receptor 20101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80202
Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 90101
P2Y purinoceptor 120101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30203
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma0101
Prostaglandin D2 receptor 20112
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10204
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor0101
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor0202
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
15-lipoxygenase, partial2002
WRN1001
integrase, partial0101
lens epithelium-derived growth factor p750101
pyruvate kinase1001
hexokinase-4 isoform 11001
glucokinase regulatory protein1001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 12002
Polyphenol oxidase 20001
Carbonic anhydrase 120102
Plasma kallikrein0001
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck0213
Carbonic anhydrase 30001
Tyrosinase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 40001
Carbonic anhydrase 60001
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0001
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Carbonic anhydrase 70001
Solute carrier family 15 member 10202
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 10101
SLC16A10 protein0001
Carbonic anhydrase 90102
Carbonic anhydrase 0001
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative0001
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Carbonic anhydrase 0001
Monocarboxylate transporter 100001
Carbonic anhydrase 150001
Carbonic anhydrase 130001
Carbonic anhydrase 140001
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0001
phosphoglycerate kinase1001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 11001
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20101
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 50101
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 20101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 180101
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0202
D(4) dopamine receptor0011
Histamine H2 receptor0202
Histamine H1 receptor0202
PPM1D protein2002
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20022
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
tyrosine-protein kinase Yes1001
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B0011
Membrane-associated progesterone receptor component 10011
Cell division cycle 7-related protein kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK40011
ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X0011
Pyridoxal kinase0011
Citron Rho-interacting kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Chk10011
Aurora kinase A0011
Cyclin-G-associated kinase0011
Ephrin type-B receptor 60011
Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 30011
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 20011
Mitotic checkpoint serine/threonine-protein kinase BUB10011
Dynamin-like 120 kDa protein, mitochondrial0011
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5B0011
Rho-associated protein kinase 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE10011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-50011
U5 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 200 kDa helicase0011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-40011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 160011
Cyclin-dependent kinase-like 50011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 100011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D30011
Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 60011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 40011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase LATS10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 40011
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL10112
RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase0101
High affinity nerve growth factor receptor0011
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-20011
ADP/ATP translocase 20011
Protein kinase C beta type0011
Insulin receptor0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 10011
Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fes/Fps0011
Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn0011
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret0011
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor0011
Signal recognition particle receptor subunit alpha0011
Cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial0011
Hepatocyte growth factor receptor0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase HCK0011
Platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fgr0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf0011
Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit0101
Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form0011
Breakpoint cluster region protein0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-10011
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 10011
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 40011
ADP/ATP translocase 30011
Inosine-5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase 20011
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src0011
cAMP-dependent protein kinase type II-alpha regulatory subunit0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf0011
Phosphorylase b kinase gamma catalytic chain, liver/testis isoform0011
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fer0011
Protein kinase C alpha type0011
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha0011
General transcription and DNA repair factor IIH helicase subunit XPD0011
Casein kinase II subunit alpha'0011
Ras-related protein Rab-6A0011
Ephrin type-A receptor 10011
Multifunctional protein ADE20011
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta0011
Ferrochelatase, mitochondrial0011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-10011
Tyrosine-protein kinase JAK10011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 20011
Beta-adrenergic receptor kinase 10011
Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX60011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 0011
MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10011
Ephrin type-A receptor 20011
Ephrin type-B receptor 20011
Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK20011
Wee1-like protein kinase0011
Heme oxygenase 20011
S-adenosylmethionine synthase isoform type-20011
DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 10011
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase0011
RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase0011
Dual specificity protein kinase TTK0011
DNA replication licensing factor MCM40011
Myosin-100011
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 20101
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 20011
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT30011
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1A0011
Activin receptor type-1B0011
TGF-beta receptor type-10011
TGF-beta receptor type-20011
Tyrosine-protein kinase CSK0011
Glycine--tRNA ligase0011
Protein kinase C iota type0011
Exosome RNA helicase MTR40011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Tec0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL20112
Tyrosine-protein kinase FRK0011
G protein-coupled receptor kinase 60011
Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK0011
26S proteasome regulatory subunit 6B0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 80011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 90011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 30011
Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 alpha0011
Casein kinase I isoform alpha0011
Casein kinase I isoform delta0011
MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 20011
Elongation factor Tu, mitochondrial0011
Choline-phosphate cytidylyltransferase A0011
Cysteine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic0011
Casein kinase I isoform epsilon0011
Very long-chain specific acyl-CoA dehydrogenase, mitochondrial0011
Dual specificity protein kinase CLK10011
Dual specificity protein kinase CLK20011
Dual specificity protein kinase CLK30011
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha0011
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 70011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 90011
Ras-related protein Rab-27A0011
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 10011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-30011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek30011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 60011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK10011
LIM domain kinase 10011
LIM domain kinase 20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 100011
Tyrosine--tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic0011
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-10011
Ephrin type-B receptor 30011
Ephrin type-A receptor 50011
Ephrin type-B receptor 40011
Ephrin type-A receptor 40011
Adenylate kinase 2, mitochondrial0011
Adenosine kinase0011
Ras-related protein Rab-100011
Actin-related protein 30011
Actin-related protein 20011
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran0011
Casein kinase I isoform gamma-20011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 30011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 60011
Cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 160011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 170011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 10011
DNA topoisomerase 2-beta0011
Protein kinase C theta type0011
Activin receptor type-10011
Macrophage-stimulating protein receptor0011
Focal adhesion kinase 10011
Protein kinase C zeta type0011
Protein kinase C delta type0011
Tyrosine-protein kinase BTK0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 180011
Activated CDC42 kinase 10011
Epithelial discoidin domain-containing receptor 10011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 20011
Tyrosine-protein kinase Mer0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 40011
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-10011
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 50011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 70011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 10011
Integrin-linked protein kinase0011
Rho-associated protein kinase 10011
Non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TNK10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR0011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma0011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta0011
Dual specificity tyrosine-phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A0011
Activin receptor type-2B0011
Bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-20011
Protein-tyrosine kinase 60011
cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 0011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 130011
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon0011
Protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta0011
Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase0011
Structural maintenance of chromosomes protein 1A0011
Chromodomain-helicase-DNA-binding protein 40011
Peroxisomal acyl-coenzyme A oxidase 10011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 100011
Ephrin type-A receptor 70011
Delta(24)-sterol reductase0011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-10011
Dual specificity testis-specific protein kinase 10011
Myosin light chain kinase, smooth muscle0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 110011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase STK110011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 140011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type IV0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 110011
Discoidin domain-containing receptor 20011
AP2-associated protein kinase 10011
Myosin light chain kinase 30011
Uncharacterized aarF domain-containing protein kinase 50011
Putative heat shock protein HSP 90-beta 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRCK alpha0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRCK gamma0011
Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 100011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N30011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK30011
Uncharacterized protein FLJ452520011
Acyl-CoA dehydrogenase family member 110011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MARK20011
ATP-dependent RNA helicase DHX300011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO10011
STE20-related kinase adapter protein alpha0011
Myosin-140011
AarF domain-containing protein kinase 10011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 30011
MAP kinase-activated protein kinase 50011
Misshapen-like kinase 10011
Atypical kinase COQ8A, mitochondrial0011
Phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinase type-2 gamma0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 150011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek90011
ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX10011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 10011
Aurora kinase B0011
MAP/microtubule affinity-regulating kinase 40011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek10011
PAS domain-containing serine/threonine-protein kinase0011
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase 20011
EKC/KEOPS complex subunit TP53RK0011
Dual specificity testis-specific protein kinase 20011
Membrane-associated tyrosine- and threonine-specific cdc2-inhibitory kinase0011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 50011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 30011
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 10011
Nucleolar GTP-binding protein 10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D20011
NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 20011
RNA cytidine acetyltransferase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK20011
STE20-like serine/threonine-protein kinase 0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO30011
dCTP pyrophosphatase 10011
Dual specificity protein kinase CLK40011
Casein kinase I isoform gamma-10011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 60011
Phenylalanine--tRNA ligase beta subunit0011
Isoleucine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial0011
BMP-2-inducible protein kinase0011
Midasin0011
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 40011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 200011
Cyclin-dependent kinase 120011
NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 130011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase 260011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase NLK0011
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK10011
Septin-90011
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-60011
TRAF2 and NCK-interacting protein kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase TAO20011
Long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase 50011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ICK0011
RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase0011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase SIK30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 20011
Thyroid hormone receptor-associated protein 30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 50011
Receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 30011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase MRCK beta0011
Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 30011
Casein kinase I isoform gamma-30011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 40011
Vasopressin V1a receptor0101
Vasopressin V1b receptor0101
Oxytocin receptor0101
Oxytocin receptor0011
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase type 20001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-11 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-20001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-19 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
streptokinase A precursor0011
Beta-lactamase0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 80102
Beta-lactamase0001
Beta-lactamase 10001
Beta-lactamase0001
Beta-lactamase SHV-10001
Beta-lactamase SHV-10001
Beta-lactamase OXA-100001
Beta-lactamase0001
Beta-lactamase0001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0001
Beta-lactamase TEM0102
Beta-lactamase0001
B2 metallo-beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-130001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Efflux transporter 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-20001
Beta-lactamase Toho-10001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Class D beta-lactamase0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Metallo-b-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase IMP-1 0001
BlaVIM-1 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC0001
Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 80102
Beta-lactamase VIM-1 0001
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
heat shock protein 90, putative0001
Adenosine receptor A2a0101
Adenosine receptor A2b0011
Adenosine receptor A10303
Chain A, Activated Factor Xa Heavy Chain0101
Prothrombin0112
Coagulation factor X0202
Coagulation factor XII0101
Suppressor of tumorigenicity 14 protein0101
polyadenylate-binding protein 10101
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-10022
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-10022
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40103
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A50002
Transthyretin0103
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha0235
Thyroid hormone receptor beta0235
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen0202
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0022
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0101
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A20002
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C10102
Monocarboxylate transporter 80001
Bile acid receptor0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C10001
Thyroid hormone receptor beta0101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C10001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4A10001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C10101
Albumin0011
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0101
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 70101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 10101
Protease 0101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 10101
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 0202
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]