glucosaminic acid profile

Glucosaminic acid, also known as D-glucosaminic acid, is a naturally occurring amino sugar that serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of hyaluronic acid. It is a derivative of glucose with an amino group replacing the hydroxyl group at position 2. The compound is involved in various biological processes, including cell growth, cartilage formation, and immune function. Research on glucosaminic acid focuses on its potential therapeutic applications in treating osteoarthritis, inflammatory diseases, and other conditions. While it is not a well-studied compound, its potential benefits in promoting joint health and reducing inflammation have attracted considerable interest. Studies have explored the use of glucosaminic acid in combination with other compounds, such as chondroitin sulfate, to enhance its effects. However, further research is needed to establish its safety and efficacy in humans.'

glucosaminic acid: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluconic acid : Hexanoic acid with four hydroxy groups at C-3, C-4, C-5, C-6, and an amino group at C-2. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	73563
CHEMBL ID	3039035
CHEBI ID	17784
SCHEMBL ID	396940
MeSH ID	M0108857

Synonym
gluconic acid, 2-amino-2-deoxy-, d-
nsc 404265
einecs 222-879-1
ai3-51894
nsc 37779
glucosaminic acid
d-gluconic acid, 2-amino-2-deoxy-
KBIO1_001495
DIVK1C_006551
SDCCGMLS-0066564.P001
SPECTRUM5_000432
SPECTRUM4_001866
SPECTRUM_001231
(3r,4s,5r)-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-d-norleucine
2-amino-2-deoxy-d-gluconic acid
CHEBI:17784 ,
BSPBIO_003133
NCGC00178247-01
(2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxy-hexanoic acid
d-glucosaminate
d-glucosaminic acid
glucosaminate ,
C03752
3646-68-2
d-glucosaminic acid, >=98%
KBIO3_002353
KBIOSS_001711
KBIO2_004279
KBIO2_006847
KBIOGR_002334
KBIO2_001711
SPECTRUM2_001910
SPBIO_001880
SPECPLUS_000455
SPECTRUM3_001347
SPECTRUM310298
6BA699D8-74A0-43AF-82A9-F68E6BFA0B50
2-amino-2-deoxygluconic acid
BMSE000440
gluconic acid, 2-amino-2-deoxy-
(2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanoic acid
d-glucosamic acid
G0042
6165-14-6
A823258
AKOS006238367
CCG-38481
chembl3039035 ,
bdbm50442917
SCHEMBL396940
W-202514
mfcd00037764
(2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-azanyl-3,4,5,6-tetrakis(oxidanyl)hexanoic acid
sr-05000002429
SR-05000002429-1
d-?glucosamic acid
HY-128745
Q27102608
CS-0102537
T72366
DTXSID60878848
AS-56887
d-lucosamic acid
(2r,3r,4s,5r)-2-amino-3,4,5,6-tetrahydroxyhexanoicacid

Role	Description
bacterial metabolite	Any prokaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in bacteria.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
amino acid zwitterion	The zwitterionic form of an amino acid having a negatively charged carboxyl group and a positively charged amino group.
gluconic acid derivative	A hexonic acid derivative that is formally obtained from gluconic acid.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	11.7490	0.0500	2.3797	9.7000	AID977600
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
xenobiotic metabolic process	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
monoatomic ion transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
organic anion transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid and bile salt transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
heme catabolic process	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
transmembrane transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
thyroid hormone transport	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
bile acid transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium-independent organic anion transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
thyroid hormone transmembrane transporter activity	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
plasma membrane	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
basal plasma membrane	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
basolateral plasma membrane	Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID977600	pIC50 values for sodium fluorescein (10 uM) uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID977599	Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID977602	Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM	2013	Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6	Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1159550	Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening	2015	Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11	6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
AID1159607	Screen for inhibitors of RMI FANCM (MM2) intereaction	2016	Journal of biomolecular screening, Jul, Volume: 21, Issue:6	A High-Throughput Screening Strategy to Identify Protein-Protein Interaction Inhibitors That Block the Fanconi Anemia DNA Repair Pathway.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	11 (35.48)	18.7374
1990's	3 (9.68)	18.2507
2000's	9 (29.03)	29.6817
2010's	8 (25.81)	24.3611
2020's	0 (0.00)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	3 (9.09%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	30 (90.91%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
glutaric acid glutaric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. glutaric acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid that is a linear five-carbon dicarboxylic acid.	6.93	1	alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid	Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite
spermine [no description available]	1.94	1	polyazaalkane; tetramine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite; immunosuppressive agent
alloxan Alloxan: Acidic compound formed by oxidation of URIC ACID. It is isolated as an efflorescent crystalline hydrate.. alloxan : A member of the class of pyrimidones, the structure of which is that of perhydropyrimidine substituted at C-2, -4, -5 and -6 by oxo groups.	2.03	1	pyrimidone	hyperglycemic agent; metabolite
thymidine [no description available]	1.96	1	pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite
alanine Alanine: A non-essential amino acid that occurs in high levels in its free state in plasma. It is produced from pyruvate by transamination. It is involved in sugar and acid metabolism, increases IMMUNITY, and provides energy for muscle tissue, BRAIN, and the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. alanine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of propionic acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2.	1.96	1	alanine zwitterion; alanine; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; pyruvate family amino acid	EC 4.3.1.15 (diaminopropionate ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite
benzoyl chloride benzoyl chloride: potential carcinogens in manufacturing process. benzoyl chloride : An acyl chloride consisting of benzene in which a hydrogen is replaced by an acyl chloride group. It is an important chemical intermediate for the manufacture of other chemicals, dyes, perfumes, herbicides and pharmaceuticals.	1.97	1	acyl chloride; benzenes	carcinogenic agent
copper gluconate Gluconates: Derivatives of gluconic acid (the structural formula HOCH2(CHOH)4COOH), including its salts and esters.	2.4	2	organic molecular entity
mannose mannopyranose : The pyranose form of mannose.	2.08	1	D-aldohexose; D-mannose; mannopyranose	metabolite
acetylglucosamine Acetylglucosamine: The N-acetyl derivative of glucosamine.. N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosamine : An N-acetyl-D-glucosamine having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre.	2.46	2	N-acetyl-D-glucosamine	epitope
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	2.35	2	dihydrogen
galactose aldohexose : A hexose with a (potential) aldehyde group at one end.	2.02	1
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	1.97	1	benzenes; phenyl acetates
glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2.	2.34	2	glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical
bathocuproine bathocuproine: reagent for copper; RN given refers to parent cpd	1.99	1
1,7-phenanthroline [no description available]	1.99	1	phenanthroline
deoxyglucose Deoxyglucose: 2-Deoxy-D-arabino-hexose. An antimetabolite of glucose with antiviral activity.. deoxyglucose : A deoxyhexose comprising glucose having at least one hydroxy group replaced by hydrogen.	2.42	2
biotin vitamin B7 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called biotins that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B7 deficiency. Vitamin B7 deficiency is very rare in individuals who take a normal balanced diet. Foods rich in biotin are egg yolk, liver, cereals, vegetables (spinach, mushrooms) and rice. Symptoms associated with vitamin B7 deficiency include thinning hair, scaly skin rashes around eyes, nose and mouth, and brittle nails. The vitamers include biotin and its ionized and salt forms.	2.04	1	biotins; vitamin B7	coenzyme; cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; fundamental metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; prosthetic group; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2-oxo-3-deoxygalactonic acid 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-galactonic acid : The 2-dehydro-3-deoxy derivative of D-galactonic acid.	2.4	2	hexonic acid; ketoaldonic acid	Escherichia coli metabolite
glucosamine D-glucosamine : An amino sugar whose structure comprises D-glucose having an amino substituent at position 2.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose : A D-glucosamine whose structure comprises D-glucopyranose having an amino substituent at position 2.	6.26	28	D-glucosamine	Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; mouse metabolite
polygalacturonic acid galacturonic acid: N1 same as NM; RN given refers to parent cpd with unspecified isomeric designation. D-galactopyranuronic acid : The pyranose form of D-galacturonic acid. D-galacturonic acid : The D-enantiomer of galacturonic acid. It is the main component of pectin.	1.98	1	D-galacturonic acid
mannosamine mannosamine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. D-mannosamine : The D-enantiomer of mannosamine.. 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-mannopyranose : A D-mannosamine in cyclic pyranose form.	2.11	1	D-mannosamine
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.	1.94	1	one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas	antioxidant; chromophore
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	2.02	1	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
lipid a Lipid A: Lipid A is the biologically active component of lipopolysaccharides. It shows strong endotoxic activity and exhibits immunogenic properties.. lipid A : The glycolipid moiety of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (R can be either hydrogen or a fatty acyl group).	2.69	3	dodecanoate ester; lipid A; tetradecanoate ester	Escherichia coli metabolite
oligonucleotides [no description available]	2.04	1
chitosan [no description available]	4.12	2
glycolipids [no description available]	2.01	1
transforming growth factor beta Transforming Growth Factor beta: A factor synthesized in a wide variety of tissues. It acts synergistically with TGF-alpha in inducing phenotypic transformation and can also act as a negative autocrine growth factor. TGF-beta has a potential role in embryonal development, cellular differentiation, hormone secretion, and immune function. TGF-beta is found mostly as homodimer forms of separate gene products TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2 or TGF-beta3. Heterodimers composed of TGF-beta1 and 2 (TGF-beta1.2) or of TGF-beta2 and 3 (TGF-beta2.3) have been isolated. The TGF-beta proteins are synthesized as precursor proteins.	2.11	1
agar Agar: A complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria confervoides, and related red algae. It is used as a gel in the preparation of solid culture media for microorganisms, as a bulk laxative, in making emulsions, and as a supporting medium for immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis.. agar : A complex mixture of polysaccharides extracted from species of red algae. Its two main components are agarose and agaropectin. Agarose is the component responsible for the high-strength gelling properties of agar, while agaropectin provides the viscous properties.	2.01	1
cyclic gmp Cyclic GMP: Guanosine cyclic 3',5'-(hydrogen phosphate). A guanine nucleotide containing one phosphate group which is esterified to the sugar moiety in both the 3'- and 5'-positions. It is a cellular regulatory agent and has been described as a second messenger. Its levels increase in response to a variety of hormones, including acetylcholine, insulin, and oxytocin and it has been found to activate specific protein kinases. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). 3',5'-cyclic GMP : A 3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide in which the purine nucleobase is specified as guanidine.	1.97	1	3',5'-cyclic purine nucleotide; guanyl ribonucleotide	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	3.03	1
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	3.03	1
Anemia, Fanconi [description not available]	2.13	1
Fanconi Anemia Congenital disorder affecting all bone marrow elements, resulting in ANEMIA; LEUKOPENIA; and THROMBOPENIA, and associated with cardiac, renal, and limb malformations as well as dermal pigmentary changes. Spontaneous CHROMOSOME BREAKAGE is a feature of this disease along with predisposition to LEUKEMIA. There are at least 7 complementation groups in Fanconi anemia: FANCA, FANCB, FANCC, FANCD1, FANCD2, FANCE, FANCF, FANCG, and FANCL. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/dispomim.cgi?id=227650, August 20, 2004)	2.13	1
African Sleeping Sickness [description not available]	2.02	1
Trypanosomiasis, African A disease endemic among people and animals in Central Africa. It is caused by various species of trypanosomes, particularly T. gambiense and T. rhodesiense. Its second host is the TSETSE FLY. Involvement of the central nervous system produces African sleeping sickness. Nagana is a rapidly fatal trypanosomiasis of horses and other animals.	2.02	1
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	2.03	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.03	1
Hymenolepiasis Infection with tapeworms of the genus Hymenolepis.	1.97	1
Weight Gain Increase in BODY WEIGHT over existing weight.	1.97	1

glucosaminic acid

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (64)

Research Excerpts

Roles (1)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (1)

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (9)

Molecular Functions (5)

Ceullar Components (4)

Bioassays (5)

Research

Studies (31)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 25.17

Study Types