Cancrum Oris

A severe gangrenous process occurring predominantly in debilitated and malnourished children, especially in underdeveloped countries. It typically begins as a small vesicle or ulcer on the gingiva that rapidly becomes necrotic and spreads to produce extensive destruction of the buccal and labial mucosa and tissues of the face, which may result in severe disfigurement and even death. Various bacteria have been implicated in the etiology. (Dorland, 27th ed)

Synonym
Cancrum Oris
Noma
Stomatitis, Gangrenous

Excerpt	Reference
"Cancrum oris is predominantly seen in children in underdeveloped countries where widespread malnutrition, dehydration and epidemic infections are present."	( Cheng, LH; Nash, ES; Smart, K, 1991)
"Noma is an uncommon gangrenous process usually affecting malnourished children."	( Alkalay, A; Barak, Y; Handzel, ZT; Mogilner, BM; Nissim, F; Ostfeld, E, 1985)
"Noma is a grangenous stomatitis which might extend to other facial structures leading to extensive soft tissue and bony defects."	( Montandon, D; Pittet, B, 2002)
"Cancrum oris (noma) is a gangrenous infection that develops in the mouth and spreads rapidly to other parts of the face."	( Chikte, UM; Naidoo, S, 2000)
"Cancrum oris (Noma) is a devastating gangrenous disease that leads to severe tissue destruction in the face."	( Choudhrie, R; Eipe, N; Kreusch, T; La Rosee, G; Neuhoefer, ES; Samman, N, 2005)
"Noma is a poorly studied disease that leads to severe facial tissue destruction in children in developing countries, but the cause remains unknown."	( Baratti-Mayer, D; Bornand, JE; François, P; Gayet-Ageron, A; Gervaix, A; Hugonnet, S; Huyghe, A; Mombelli, A; Montandon, D; Pittet, D; Pittet-Cuenod, B; Schrenzel, J, 2013)
"Noma is associated with indicators of severe poverty and altered oral microbiota."	( Baratti-Mayer, D; Bornand, JE; François, P; Gayet-Ageron, A; Gervaix, A; Hugonnet, S; Huyghe, A; Mombelli, A; Montandon, D; Pittet, D; Pittet-Cuenod, B; Schrenzel, J, 2013)
"Noma is a polymicrobial opportunistic infection related to malnutrition and immune dysfunction."	( Cangiano, G; Capasso, L; Coppola, C; Ferrara, T; Maddaluno, S; Raimondi, F; Veropalumbo, C, 2015)
"Noma is a multifactorial and multibacterial opportunistic infection that initially causes necrotic gingivitis but rapidly spreads to the nearby orofacial tissue resulting in sloughing and severe deformation of the facial structures."	( Hønge, BL; Jespersen, S; Madsen, T; Medina, C; Wejse, C, 2017)
"Noma is an opportunistic infection and immunodeficiencies such as HIV should always be suspected when presenting in an adult patient."	( Hønge, BL; Jespersen, S; Madsen, T; Medina, C; Wejse, C, 2017)
"Noma or cancrum oris is an orofacial gangrene causing progressive mutilating destruction of the infected tissues."	( Gautam, RK; Gupta, A; Sardana, K, 2018)

Excerpt	Reference
"Noma has virtually disappeared from Europe, but is still found in certain parts of Africa, South America and Asia."	( Bevini, M; Bonacorsi, G; Curci, G; Fiorani, C; Longo, G; Pietramaggiori, A; Torelli, U; Vanzanelli, P, 1993)
"Cancrum oris (noma) has been most commonly described in malnourished debilitated children with poor oral hygiene following systemic childhood infections such as measles, pertussis or scarlet fever."	( Brady-West, DC; Moosdeen, F; Nicholson, A; Richards, L; Thame, J, 1998)
"Noma has virtually disappeared from Europe and North America, but it is still common among children and young adults in India, Africa, and South America."	( Cangiano, G; Capasso, L; Coppola, C; Ferrara, T; Maddaluno, S; Raimondi, F; Veropalumbo, C, 2015)
"Noma has been mentioned as a possible complication of this traditional practice; however, case reports in the literature are scant."	( Tungotyo, M, 2017)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	32 (44.44)	23.3326
1990's	13 (18.06)	12.5806
2000's	15 (20.83)	18.1394
2010's	10 (13.89)	28.8240
2020's	2 (2.78)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies
salicylic acid	low	1
niacin	low	1
busulfan	low	1
fentanyl	low	1
gentamicin	low	2
lidocaine	low	2
khellin	low	1
metronidazole	low	11
propofol	low	1
thyroxine	low	1
penicillin g	low	1
chloramphenicol	low	1
sucrose	low	1
cephalothin	low	1
kanamycin a	low	1
carbostyril	low	1
methylene blue	low	1
oxacillin	low	1
ampicillin	low	2
dextropropoxyphene	low	1
vancomycin	low	1
d-alpha tocopherol	low	1
carbenicillin	low	1
trolamine salicylate	low	1
fluorides	low	1
propiconazole	low	1
pefloxacin	low	1
nsc-172755	low	1
sulbactam	low	1
biotin	low	1
cortisone	low	1
povidone-iodine	low	1
inositol 3-phosphate	low	16
netilmicin	low	1
sultamicillin	low	1
retinol	low	1
clindamycin	low	2
abt 492	low	1
potassium permanganate	low	1
phenylephrine hydrochloride	low	7
antimony	low	1
selenium	low	2
amoxicillin-potassium clavulanate combination	low	2
clove	low	2
jaw	low	1
cellulose	low	1
ro13-9904	low	2
colistin	low	1
ascorbic acid	low	2
tetracycline	low	1
chlortetracycline	low	2
epidermal growth factor	low	1
agar	low	1
folic acid	low	2

Protein Targets (634)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
G	6	0	0	6
Interferon beta	6	0	0	6
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	6	0	0	6
Cytochrome P450 1A2	0	3	0	3
Cytochrome P450 3A4	0	4	0	4
Cytochrome P450 2D6	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	3	1	4
Cytochrome P450 2C19	0	2	0	2
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	6	0	0	6
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	6	0	0	6
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	7	0	0	7
Chain A, Mutant Al2 6e7p9g	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Beta-lactamase	3	0	0	3
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	6	0	0	6
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1	2	0	0	2
Chain A, Cruzipain	2	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	3
acid sphingomyelinase	2	0	0	2
GLS protein	5	0	0	5
GLI family zinc finger 3	11	0	0	11
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1	4	0	0	4
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	11	0	0	11
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	6	0	0	6
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	3
Metallo-beta-lactamase type 2	0	0	0	3
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-11	0	0	0	3
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	9	0	0	9
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-2	0	0	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	4
Metallo-beta-lactamase	0	0	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	3
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	6	0	0	6
chromobox protein homolog 1	7	0	0	7
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	9	0	0	9
DNA polymerase beta	3	0	0	3
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1	4	0	0	4
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	7	0	0	7
geminin	12	0	0	12
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	4	0	0	4
Carbonic anhydrase 1	0	6	0	6
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	7	1	8
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
Beta-lactamase OXA-7	0	0	0	2
Solute carrier family 15 member 1	0	5	0	5
Solute carrier family 15 member 1	0	1	0	1
Spike glycoprotein	6	0	0	6
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
Angiopoietin-1 receptor	0	0	1	1
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Solute carrier family 15 member 2	0	4	0	4
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase	0	2	0	2
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-13	0	0	0	3
Efflux transporter	0	0	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase Toho-1	0	0	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	3
Class D beta-lactamase	0	1	0	5
60 kDa chaperonin	0	2	0	2
Metallo-beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Solute carrier family 15 member 2	0	4	0	4
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
10 kDa chaperonin	0	2	0	2
Metallo-b-lactamase	0	0	0	5
Carbapenem-hydrolyzing beta-lactamase KPC	0	1	0	4
Histamine H3 receptor	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase class B VIM-2	0	0	0	5
Beta-lactamase VIM-1	0	0	0	3
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	4	0	0	4
Chain A, Hyaluronidase, phage associated	0	1	0	1
acetylcholinesterase	3	0	0	3
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	10	0	0	10
AR protein	13	0	0	13
thioredoxin glutathione reductase	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	10	0	0	10
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	10	0	0	10
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	13	0	0	13
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	20	0	0	20
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	8	0	0	8
IDH1	4	0	0	4
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	3	0	0	3
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	11	0	0	11
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I	1	0	0	1
lethal factor (plasmid)	3	0	0	3
lamin isoform A-delta10	9	0	0	9
Polyphenol oxidase 2	0	3	0	4
Pancreatic alpha-amylase	0	2	0	2
Albumin	0	1	0	2
Urease	0	1	0	1
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1	0	0	0	1
Tyrosinase	0	1	0	1
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	0	1	1
Hyaluronate lyase	0	1	0	1
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN2	0	0	0	1
Egl nine homolog 1	0	0	0	1
Prolyl hydroxylase EGLN3	0	0	0	1
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 23 member 1	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Avidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Protein (streptavidin)	0	0	1	1
Chain B, Protein (streptavidin)	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain D, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain D, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain D, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Streptavidin Complex With Biotin	0	0	1	1
Chain D, Circularly Permuted Core-streptavidin E51/a46	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Core-streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain D, Core-streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Core-streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain D, Core-streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Core-streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain D, Core-streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Core-streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain D, Core-streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Avidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain B, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain B, Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A	6	0	0	6
nonstructural protein 1	0	1	0	1
green fluorescent protein, partial	0	1	0	1
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	5	0	0	5
insulin-degrading enzyme isoform 1	0	0	1	1
Streptavidin	0	0	1	1
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase beta	0	0	0	1
15-lipoxygenase, partial	2	0	0	2
TDP1 protein	12	0	0	12
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	10	0	0	10
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	5	0	0	5
EWS/FLI fusion protein	5	0	0	5
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	9	0	0	9
pregnane X nuclear receptor	12	0	0	12
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	6	0	0	6
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	7	0	0	7
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a	2	0	0	2
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	9	0	9
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	9	0	10
Bile salt export pump	0	13	0	13
Matrix metalloproteinase-9	0	1	0	1
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17	2	0	0	2
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	8	0	8
Dihydroxyacetone phosphate acyltransferase	0	0	0	3
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	4	0	4
B2 metallo-beta-lactamase	0	0	0	3
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	4	0	0	4
Chain A, serum paraoxonase	0	1	0	1
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	3	0	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 12	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	2	0	2
Neutrophil cytosol factor 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 4	0	3	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 6	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 7	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 9	0	3	1	4
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	1	0	1
Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase tankyrase-2	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 14	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	3	0	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
endonuclease IV	2	0	0	2
thioredoxin reductase	7	0	0	7
WRN	1	0	0	1
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	4	0	0	4
Microtubule-associated protein tau	5	0	0	5
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 isoform b	0	1	0	1
heat shock protein beta-1	7	0	0	7
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1	3	0	0	3
flap endonuclease 1	4	0	0	4
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK1	2	0	0	2
snurportin-1	3	0	0	3
carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 1 isoform 1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	5	1	1	8
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	3	0	4
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase SHV-1	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase SHV-1	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase OXA-1	0	1	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	5	1	1	8
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	5	1	1	8
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	2	0	4
Beta-lactamase TEM	0	3	0	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	5	1	1	8
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-2	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	0	1	0	2
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	3
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	3	0	4
GABA theta subunit	5	1	1	8
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	5	1	1	8
Solute carrier family 22 member 11	0	1	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	2	0	3
Solute carrier family 22 member 7	0	1	0	2
phosphoglycerate kinase	2	0	0	2
interleukin 8	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 2D6	3	0	0	3
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	9	0	0	9
activating transcription factor 6	6	0	0	6
streptokinase A precursor	0	0	2	2
30S ribosomal protein S6	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S7	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L15	0	3	0	3
Cellular tumor antigen p53	12	0	0	12
50S ribosomal protein L10	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L11	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L7/L12	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L19	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L1	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L20	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L27	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L28	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L29	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L31	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L31 type B	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L32	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L33	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L34	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L35	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L36	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S10	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S11	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S12	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S13	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S16	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S18	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S19	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S20	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S2	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S3	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S4	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S5	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S8	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S9	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L13	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L14	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L16	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L23	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S15	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L17	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L21	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L30	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L6	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S14	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S17	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S1	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L18	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L2	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L3	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L24	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L4	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L22	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L5	0	3	0	3
30S ribosomal protein S21	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L25	0	3	0	3
50S ribosomal protein L36 2	0	3	0	3
Methionine--tRNA ligase, mitochondrial	0	0	1	1
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A	0	1	0	1
P2Y purinoceptor 12	0	2	0	2
Protein-arginine deiminase type-4	0	4	0	4
Chain A, HADH2 protein	2	0	0	2
Chain B, HADH2 protein	2	0	0	2
dopamine D1 receptor	1	0	0	1
pregnane X receptor	3	0	0	3
progesterone receptor	5	0	0	5
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	1	0	0	1
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	6	0	0	6
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	6	0	0	6
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor	1	0	0	1
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	4	0	0	4
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	5	0	0	5
M-phase phosphoprotein 8	1	0	0	1
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	3	0	0	3
Glucocorticoid receptor	0	2	0	2
Sex hormone-binding globulin	0	0	1	1
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-1	0	2	0	2
Corticosteroid-binding globulin	0	1	0	1
Glycine receptor subunit beta	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-2	0	2	0	2
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-3	0	2	0	2
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 1	0	0	1	1
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	4	0	0	4
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 1	0	3	0	3
USP1 protein, partial	6	0	0	6
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 1	2	0	0	2
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	3	0	0	3
Glutathione S-transferase P	0	1	0	1
Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein	0	0	1	1
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X2	0	0	1	1
Luciferase	2	0	0	2
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d	2	0	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	1	0	1
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 2	0	0	2	2
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	1	0	1
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A	0	2	0	2
D(4) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B	0	1	0	1
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	2	0	2
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	2	0	2
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	2	1	3
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Histamine H1 receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	2	1	3
D(3) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	2	0	2
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	2	0	2
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	2	0	2
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2	0	2	0	2
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	2	0	2
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	2	0	2
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 15	0	2	0	2
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	4	0	0	4
glp-1 receptor, partial	6	0	0	6
glucocerebrosidase	1	0	0	1
alpha-galactosidase	1	0	0	1
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein	3	0	0	3
Thymidylate synthase	0	2	0	2
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	0	1	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	2	0	2
Alpha-synuclein	2	2	0	4
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3	0	1	0	2
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	0	0	1
Multidrug resistance associated protein	0	0	0	1
ATAD5 protein, partial	2	0	0	2
Chymotrypsinogen A	0	1	0	1
3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 3	0	1	0	1
Gap junction alpha-1 protein	0	1	0	1
Gap junction beta-2 protein	0	1	0	1
Acyl-protein thioesterase 1	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	0	2	0	2
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha	0	2	0	2
Cholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B	0	2	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A	0	2	0	2
GALC protein	2	0	0	2
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	5	0	0	5
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	1	0	0	1
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	5	0	0	5
peripheral myelin protein 22	4	0	0	4
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	2	0	0	2
Cytochrome P450 1A1	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 1B1	0	1	0	1
Potassium channel subfamily K member 3	0	1	0	1
Potassium channel subfamily K member 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 5	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 2	0	1	0	1
Potassium channel subfamily K member 18	0	1	0	1
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha	0	1	0	1
Chain E, Fibrin beta chain	0	1	0	1
T cell receptor, partial	1	0	0	1
luteinizing hormone receptor	1	0	0	1
integrase, partial	0	1	0	1
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog	2	0	0	2
lens epithelium-derived growth factor p75	0	1	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	1	0	0	1
Caspase 6, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase	0	0	0	1
SMAD family member 2	3	0	0	3
Fumarate hydratase	1	0	0	1
PPM1D protein	1	0	0	1
SMAD family member 3	3	0	0	3
TSHR protein	1	0	0	1
Apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1	0	1	0	1
Smad3	1	0	0	1
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	2	0	0	2
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	4	0	0	4
hypothetical protein, conserved	1	0	0	1
isocitrate dehydrogenase 1, partial	1	0	0	1
polyprotein	1	0	0	1
luciferase	1	0	0	1
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B	2	0	0	2
caspase-3	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	5	0	0	5
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	3	0	0	3
Histone H2A.x	4	0	0	4
serine-protein kinase ATM isoform a	1	0	0	1
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	3	0	0	3
neutrophil cytosol factor 1	0	1	0	1
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a	4	0	0	4
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor	2	0	0	2
caspase-9 isoform alpha precursor	0	1	0	1
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 3	1	0	0	1
huntingtin isoform 2	1	0	0	1
pyruvate kinase PKM isoform a	1	0	0	1
caspase-3 isoform a preproprotein	0	1	0	1
protein AF-9 isoform a	0	0	0	1
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor	1	0	0	1
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	2	0	0	2
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor	1	0	0	1
plasminogen precursor	1	0	0	1
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor	1	0	0	1
Vpr	2	0	0	2
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
replicative DNA helicase	0	0	0	1
recombinase A	0	0	1	1
POsterior Segregation	0	0	1	1
DNA repair protein RAD52 homolog isoform a	0	0	0	1
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A	1	0	0	1
Glutathione reductase	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	2	0	0	2
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	2
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain	1	0	0	1
Amyloid-beta precursor protein	0	3	0	3
Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	2
Microtubule-associated protein tau	0	1	1	2
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor	0	3	0	3
Glutamate receptor 2	2	0	0	2
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	0	3	0	3
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	0	2	1	3
Cruzipain	0	1	0	1
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	0	3	0	3
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G	3	0	0	3
Inositol monophosphatase 1	1	0	0	1
Thioredoxin reductase 1, cytoplasmic	0	1	0	2
Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase	0	1	0	2
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	2	0	0	2
Ataxin-2	2	0	0	2
Zinc finger protein mex-5	0	0	1	1
Thioredoxin reductase	0	1	0	1
Flavodoxin	0	0	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	1	0	1
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase	0	1	0	1
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 1	0	1	0	1
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor	1	0	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	2	0	0	2
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	2	0	0	2
D-amino-acid oxidase	0	1	0	1
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	0	1	0	1
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 3	0	0	1	1
Nicotinamidase	0	1	0	1
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2	0	0	1	1
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2	0	2	1	3
D-aspartate oxidase	0	1	0	1
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2	0	1	1	2
MecA	0	1	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Metallo-beta-lactamase VIM-19	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase 1	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase OXA-10	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase IMP-1	0	0	0	1
BlaVIM-1	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	2	0	0	2
beta-2 adrenergic receptor	1	0	0	1
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-1	0	0	1	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	0	1	1
nonstructural protein 1	1	0	0	1
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)	1	0	0	1
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 2	0	1	0	2
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	1	0	0	1
Histamine H2 receptor	1	0	0	1
heat shock protein 90, putative	0	0	0	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	0	0	1	1
D(1A) dopamine receptor	1	0	0	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A9	0	0	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	2	0	2
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	0	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	0	0	1	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	0	0	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	2	0	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	0	1	1	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	0	0	1	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	0	0	1	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	2	0	2
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	0	0	1	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	0	0	1	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	0	0	1	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	0	0	1	1
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A8	0	0	0	1
Chain A, PLASMA RETINOL-BINDING PROTEIN PRECURSOR	0	0	1	1
Retinol-binding protein 4	0	0	1	1
Beta-lactoglobulin	0	0	1	1
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma	1	0	0	1
Estrogen receptor beta	0	0	0	1
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta	0	0	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-2	0	0	0	1
Bile salt export pump	0	1	0	1
Albumin	0	1	1	2
Polymerase acidic protein	0	0	1	1
Stromelysin-1	0	1	1	2
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase YopH	0	1	0	1
High mobility group protein B1	0	0	1	1
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	0	1	0	3
Estrogen receptor	0	0	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Cystathionine gamma-lyase	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	1	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1	0	0	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2	0	0	0	1
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase	0	1	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 20	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	1	0	1
Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	1	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-3	0	0	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-2	0	0	0	1
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1	0	0	0	1
Chain A, MALTOPORIN	0	0	1	1
Chain B, MALTOPORIN	0	0	1	1
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	1
Replicase polyprotein 1ab	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	1	0	1
Metallo-beta-lactamase type 2	0	1	0	1
Angiotensin-converting enzyme	0	1	0	1
90-kda heat shock protein beta HSP90 beta, partial	0	1	0	1
estrogen receptor beta isoform 1	0	1	0	1
tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 7 isoform 2	0	1	0	1
Tetracycline resistance protein, class B	0	0	0	1
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	0	1	0	1
72 kDa type IV collagenase	0	1	0	1
Multidrug transporter MdfA	0	1	0	1
Neutrophil collagenase	0	1	0	1
Collagenase 3	0	1	0	1
Cannabinoid receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Integrase	0	1	0	1
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1	0	0	1	1
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-1	0	0	1	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A4	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A5	0	0	0	1
Transthyretin	0	1	0	2
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha	0	0	1	1
Thyroid hormone receptor beta	0	0	1	1
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen	0	1	0	1
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha	0	0	2	2
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1	0	1	0	1
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	0	0	2	2
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A2	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C1	0	1	0	1
Monocarboxylate transporter 8	0	0	0	1
Bile acid receptor	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C1	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	0	0	0	1
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	1	0	1
D-alanyl-D-alanine dipeptidase	0	1	0	1
Transporter	0	1	0	1
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Synonyms(3)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Context

Research

Studies (72)

Protein Targets (634)

Cancrum Oris

Synonyms(3)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Context

Research

Studies (72)

Drugs Studied (64)

Protein Targets (634)