Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Presbyopia

The normal decreasing elasticity of the crystalline lens that leads to loss of accommodation.

Synonyms(1)

Synonym
Presbyopia

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Presbyopia is caused by changes in the visco-elastic properties of the lens or the choroid or both."( Beers, AP; van der Heijde, GL, 1996)
"Presbyopia is an early manifestation of physiological ageing resulting in the impossibility to read without additional spectacle correction."( De Laey, JJ; Tassignon, MJ, 2004)
"Presbyopia is characterized by a decline in the ability to accommodate the lens."( Doki, Y; Endo, S; Funakoshi-Tago, M; Kobayashi, R; Morisita, N; Nagai, N; Nakazawa, Y; Sugiyama, Y; Tamura, H, 2021)

Context

ExcerptReference
"Presbyopia has a significant impact on an individual's quality of life and emotional state."( Davies, LN; Sheppard, AL; Wolffsohn, JS, 2023)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"This special commentary reviews the treatment of presbyopia with a focus on the recently approved medication Vuity (pilocarpine 1."( Ho, AC; Lee, JK; Meghpara, BB; Mian, SI; Rapuano, CJ, 2022)
"We recognize this paradigm shift in the treatment of presbyopia and anxiously await additional treatment options for this ubiquitous condition."( Ho, AC; Lee, JK; Meghpara, BB; Mian, SI; Rapuano, CJ, 2022)

Research

Studies (133)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-199040 (30.08)23.3326
1990's10 (7.52)12.5806
2000's20 (15.04)18.1394
2010's33 (24.81)28.8240
2020's30 (22.56)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
choline0medium11
salicylic acid0low10
lactic acid0low10
thioctic acid0medium21
pyruvaldehyde0low20
melatonin0low10
cyclopentolate0low40
cyproheptadine0low10
erythrosine0low20
2-propanol0low110
pirenoxine0medium11
proxymetacaine0low10
prednisolone0low10
prednisolone acetate0low10
aspartic acid0low10
lysine0low10
physostigmine0low10
phenylephrine0medium11
arginine0low10
acrylic acid0low10
propoxycaine0low10
methysergide0low10
echothiophate iodide0low20
hesperidin0low10
fluorescein0low10
carbonates0low10
trolamine salicylate0low10
fomesafen0low20
vanadates0low10
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer0low10
hesperetin0low10
ketorolac tromethamine0low10
htr composite0low10
moxifloxacin0low10
atropine0low30
esculin0low10
latanoprost0low10
sodium ethylxanthate0low20
vitamin b 120medium11
eye0low370

Protein Targets (516)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit6006
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma120012
GLI family zinc finger 3100010
AR protein180018
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1100010
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1120012
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha9009
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha190019
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta5005
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a8008
activating transcription factor 65005
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)100010
Histone H2A.x4004
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a3003
heat shock protein beta-15005
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 17007
lamin isoform A-delta10100010
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit5005
Glutamate receptor 26006
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]100010
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2130013
peripheral myelin protein 224004
Choline O-acetyltransferase 0102
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE8008
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN0011
thioredoxin reductase8008
phosphopantetheinyl transferase5005
NFKB1 protein, partial2002
GLS protein7007
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor6006
alpha-galactosidase2002
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor6006
chromobox protein homolog 17007
flap endonuclease 12002
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)3003
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M14004
lethal factor (plasmid)4004
Cytochrome P450 3A40102
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial0002
Nitric oxide synthase, brain0001
Nitric oxide synthase, brain 0001
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0001
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0013
Cationic amino acid transporter 30202
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase7007
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE6006
Chain A, Ferritin light chain2002
arylsulfatase A5005
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 19009
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 60011
Excitatory amino acid transporter 40101
Glutamate transporter homolog0011
Carbonic anhydrase 10405
Carbonic anhydrase 20405
N(4)-(beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl)-L-asparaginase0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0101
Excitatory amino acid transporter 10101
Excitatory amino acid transporter 20101
Excitatory amino acid transporter 30101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0101
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 10011
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 20011
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative0001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0101
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0101
Carbonic anhydrase 40001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0101
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase5005
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 36006
pregnane X nuclear receptor100010
cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator0101
DNA polymerase beta3003
short transient receptor potential channel 6 isoform 10011
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0102
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30505
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40505
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 40606
Bile salt export pump0909
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M209417
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M408314
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M107214
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M307213
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M407112
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M507112
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M509315
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M208114
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M109518
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10124
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M308314
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0606
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40101
Histamine H2 receptor3004
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH 0001
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0314
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10505
Chain A, Beta-lactamase5005
acetylcholinesterase8008
GALC protein1001
TDP1 protein7007
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma7007
IDH13003
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor3003
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor3003
geminin7007
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-30202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-40202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-20202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-20202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-30202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-40202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-50202
Delta-type opioid receptor0102
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-60202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-90202
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70202
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30013
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20003
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-100202
Carbonic anhydrase 40303
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 150202
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase0011
Chain A, Putative Glycine Betaine-binding Abc Transporter Protein0011
Chain A, PUTATIVE GLYCINE BETAINE-BINDING ABC TRANSPORTER PROTEIN0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein0011
Chain A, Choline-binding protein0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 10102
Solute carrier family 22 member 20001
Solute carrier family 22 member 20101
Acetylcholinesterase0607
Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 10101
Solute carrier family 22 member 10102
High affinity choline transporter 10101
Solute carrier family 22 member 20102
Chain A, HADH2 protein5005
Chain B, HADH2 protein5005
ATAD5 protein, partial4004
Fumarate hydratase2002
PPM1D protein2002
regulator of G-protein signaling 44004
EWS/FLI fusion protein3003
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha110011
farnesoid X nuclear receptor5005
cytochrome P450 2D69009
polyprotein2002
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 15005
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a3003
D(1A) dopamine receptor3003
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d2002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 26006
huntingtin isoform 22002
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor1001
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 11001
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 19009
chaperonin GroEL1001
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B1001
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter0101
Interferon beta6006
Cellular tumor antigen p53100010
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0101
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0516
Glycogen phosphorylase, brain form0101
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0202
D(2) dopamine receptor0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0202
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0505
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0314
D0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0404
Endothelin receptor type B0101
D(1A) dopamine receptor0404
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40001
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0202
Endothelin receptor type B0101
Histamine H2 receptor0202
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0404
D(4) dopamine receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C 0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Histamine H1 receptor0213
D(3) dopamine receptor0404
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A30001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60404
Spike glycoprotein5005
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
D(2) dopamine receptor0202
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20304
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 3 0202
Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase SETD70202
Ataxin-22002
Transporter0101
USP1 protein, partial7007
Microtubule-associated protein tau4004
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 48008
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a3003
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 11001
snurportin-11001
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 11001
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 31001
Glutathione S-transferase P0101
Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein0011
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase2002
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q14004
Genome polyprotein 0112
Luciferase6006
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog2002
SMAD family member 25005
SMAD family member 35005
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
hypothetical protein, conserved1001
G3003
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B3003
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor6006
aryl hydrocarbon receptor7007
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA2002
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
eyes absent homolog 2 isoform a1001
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I2002
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 14004
relaxin receptor 1 isoform 11001
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 3003
Flavin reductase (NADPH)0011
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 13003
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial3003
large T antigen0101
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor0202
Taste receptor type 2 member 160001
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)4004
progesterone receptor6006
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Asialoglycoprotein receptor 10112
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)3003
serine-protein kinase ATM isoform a1001
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor1001
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor2002
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor1001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 12002
ras-related protein Rab-9A3003
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 12002
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 15005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi5005
Carbonic anhydrase 120202
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A0202
Cytochrome P450 1A10202
Integrin beta-32002
Cytochrome P450 1A20202
Integrin alpha-IIb2002
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-15005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta5005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-25005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-55005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-35005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-15005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-25005
Dipeptidyl peptidase 40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-45005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-35005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-65005
Mu-type opioid receptor0001
Delta-type opioid receptor0001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0001
Carbonic anhydrase 70202
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 100101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-15005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-35005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-25005
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 140101
Cytochrome P450 1B10202
GABA theta subunit5005
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon5005
Carboxylic ester hydrolase 0303
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
Neuraminidase 0101
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 13003
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
carboxy-terminal domain RNA polymerase II polypeptide A small phosphatase 1 isoform 10101
Calmodulin-10101
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0202
3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 1 0101
Substance-P receptor0101
3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid 4-dehydrogenase 20101
Nischarin0101
Substance-K receptor0101
Heparanase0011
Parkin1001
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 31001
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20303
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A10101
15-lipoxygenase, partial1001
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease2002
caspase-32002
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 13003
Free fatty acid receptor 10011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0101
Sterol O-acyltransferase 10101
Trypsin0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, heart0202
Seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-10101
Coagulation factor VII0101
Aromatase0202
Tissue factor0101
Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte0202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10202
Adenosine receptor A10101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 70101
Sterol O-acyltransferase 10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C30101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 20011
Dual specificity protein phosphatase 30101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
Fatty acid-binding protein 50101
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha1001
Free fatty acid receptor 40011
Chain A, Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit N-methyltransferase, chloroplast0101
Chain A, Ribulose-1,5 bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit N-methyltransferase, chloroplast0101
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial0202
interleukin 81001
ClpP1001
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
M-phase phosphoprotein 82002
Cytochrome P450 1A2 0101
Myeloperoxidase0101
Cholinesterase0404
Cytochrome P450 2C11 0101
Cytochrome P450 2D60202
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0202
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 10101
Acetylcholinesterase 0202
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Nociceptin receptor0101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0303
Melatonin receptor type 1A0213
Melatonin receptor type 1C0011
Melatonin receptor type 1A0112
Melatonin receptor type 1B0213
Melatonin receptor type 1C0112
Melatonin receptor type 1B0112
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma2002
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 20001
Palmitoleoyl-protein carboxylesterase NOTUM0101
Histamine H3 receptor0101
endonuclease IV2002
dopamine D1 receptor2002
DNA polymerase III, partial1001
hexokinase-4 isoform 12002
glucokinase regulatory protein2002
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor1001
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0101
DNA gyrase subunit B0101
DNA gyrase subunit A0102
DNA gyrase subunit B0102
DNA topoisomerase 4 subunit A0101
DNA gyrase subunit B0101
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0101
DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha0001
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 10101
DNA gyrase subunit A0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 10101
DNA gyrase subunit B0102
DNA gyrase subunit A0102
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0101
glp-1 receptor, partial1001
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor 0011
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor0011
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0011
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor0011
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 10001
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0202
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0112
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0112
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0112
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0001
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor0001
nonstructural protein 11001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor1001
survival motor neuron protein isoform d2002
Acetylcholinesterase0203
Bile salt export pump0202
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Cholinesterase0203
Cholinesterase0101
Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 0101
Carboxylic ester hydrolase 0101
Cytochrome P450 2A60112
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor DM10101
Cytochrome P450 2A130112
luciferase0001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 22002
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 23003
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Estrogen receptor0202
Glucocorticoid receptor0218
Progesterone receptor0203
Glucocorticoid receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0011
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10202
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0213
Androgen receptor0202
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0202
Glutamine synthetase0011
Androgen receptor0101
Glycine receptor subunit beta0202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30202
Histamine H1 receptor0011
Nociceptin receptor0011
Cytochrome P450 2J20101
Estrogen receptor beta0202
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 51001
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 32002
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Estrogen receptor beta0001
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Polyphenol oxidase 20102
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-20001
Albumin0101
Polymerase acidic protein0011
Carbonic anhydrase 30101
Stromelysin-10011
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase YopH0101
High mobility group protein B10011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10202
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-10101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 10204
Estrogen receptor0001
Carbonic anhydrase 60101
Cystathionine gamma-lyase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-10001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-20001
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-10001
Carbonic anhydrase 90101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Solute carrier family 22 member 70001
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 130101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-30001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-20001
Carbonic anhydrase 140101
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-10001
Caspase-71001
caspase-31001
Ubiquitin-like modifier activating enzyme 20101
SUMO1 activating enzyme subunit 10101
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)1001
hexokinase0101
SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC90101
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1 isoform 40101
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E isoform 10101
Vif0101
Tat0101
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 10101
bifunctional UDP-N-acetylglucosamine pyrophosphorylase/glucosamine-1-phosphate N-acetyltransferase0101
Glutamate receptor 11001
Glutamate receptor 31001
Glutamate receptor 41001
TAR DNA-binding protein 431001
Cytochrome P450 2C190101
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein phosphatase F0101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 20101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 60101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 110101
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]