Leukoaraiosis

Non-specific white matter changes in the BRAIN, often seen after age 65. Changes include loss of AXONS; MYELIN pallor, GLIOSIS, loss of ependymal cells, and enlarged perivascular spaces. Leukoaraiosis is a risk factor for DEMENTIA and CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS.

Synonym
Leukoaraiosis

Excerpt	Reference
"The progress of leukoaraiosis is greatly inhibited by long-term correction of platelet hyper-aggregability."	( Fujita, S; Fukushima, K; Kawaguchi, T; Uehara, T, 2005)
"The pathogenesis of leukoaraiosis is poorly understood, even if chronic ischemia with consequent arteriolosclerosis probably due to endothelial dysfunction has been suggested."	( Bramanti, P; Calabrò, RS; Gervasi, G, 2011)
"Leukoaraiosis is associated with cerebrovascular microangiopathy."	( Kang, HT; Lee, HR; Lee, JH; Lee, YJ; Park, BJ; Shim, JY, 2012)

Excerpt	Reference
"Patients with leukoaraiosis have a negative prognosis in terms of death, stroke, and myocardial infarction."	( Mallarini, G; Montisci, R; Pascalis, L; Saba, L; Sanfilippo, R, 2009)

Timeframe	Studies, This Condition (%)	All Conditions %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	23.3326
1990's	0 (0.00)	12.5806
2000's	24 (27.91)	18.1394
2010's	41 (47.67)	28.8240
2020's	21 (24.42)	9.53

Drug	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
betaine	low	1	0
choline	low	3	0
methylmalonic acid	low	1	0
n(g),n(g')-dimethyl-l-arginine	low	3	0
creatine	low	2	0
dalteparin	medium	1	1
inositol	low	1	0
uric acid	low	1	0
n-methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine	low	1	0
aspirin	medium	4	1
iohexol	low	2	0
iomeprol	low	1	0
iopromide	low	2	0
nicardipine	medium	1	1
nitroglycerin	low	2	0
nortriptyline	medium	1	1
aspartic acid	low	4	0
tetrabenazine	low	2	0
levodopa	low	4	0
arginine	medium	6	1
cyclohexanol	medium	1	1
thiazoles	low	1	0
evans blue	low	1	0
cytidine diphosphate choline	medium	1	1
d-alpha tocopherol	low	1	0
gadolinium	low	2	0
cetylpyridinium chloride anhydrous	low	2	0
atorvastatin	medium	1	1
venlafaxine hydrochloride	medium	1	1
n-acetylaspartic acid	low	4	0
iopamidol	low	1	0
fibrinogen	low	2	0
homocysteine	low	11	0
vitamin b 6	low	1	0
n,n-dimethylarginine	low	3	0
dihydrotetrabenazine	low	2	0
arachidonic acid	low	1	0
eicosapentaenoic acid	low	1	0
2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole	low	1	0
myelin basic protein	low	1	0
bilirubin	low	1	0
cysteine	low	1	0
i(3)so3-galactosylceramide	low	1	0
gadolinium dtpa	low	1	0
2-carbomethoxy-8-(3-fluoropropyl)-3-(4-iodophenyl)tropane	low	1	0
angiotensinogen	low	1	0
endothelin-1	medium	2	1
quetiapine fumarate	low	1	0
natriuretic peptide, brain	low	1	0
warfarin	low	1	0
vitamin b 12	low	1	0
amyloid beta-peptides	low	2	0
folic acid	low	2	0
technetium tc 99m bicisate	low	1	0

Protein Targets (547)

Protein	Potency Measurements	Inhibition Measurements	Activation Measurements	Drugs
Amyloid-beta precursor protein	0	2	0	2
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	0	6	1	7
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE	8	0	0	8
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II	0	0	1	1
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II	0	0	1	1
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Carbonic Anhydrase Ii	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Carbonic Anhydrase Ii	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Beta-lactamase	4	0	0	4
Chain A, Endochitinase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Endochitinase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Endochitinase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Class Iii Chitinase Chia1	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase II	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Chain B, Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	0	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
thioredoxin reductase	5	0	0	5
GALC protein	1	0	0	1
GLI family zinc finger 3	9	0	0	9
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 3	5	0	0	5
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 4	5	0	0	5
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]	9	0	0	9
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	8	0	0	8
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha	7	0	0	7
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha	8	0	0	8
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
arylsulfatase A	6	0	0	6
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2	12	0	0	12
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 1	5	0	0	5
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a	3	0	0	3
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 1	4	0	0	4
geminin	11	0	0	11
peripheral myelin protein 22	6	0	0	6
survival motor neuron protein isoform d	3	0	0	3
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi	2	1	0	3
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 3	0	6	0	6
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 4	0	6	0	7
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 12	0	2	1	6
Prolyl endopeptidase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase-related protein 11	0	1	0	2
Bile salt export pump	0	9	0	9
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form	0	1	0	1
Renin	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 1	0	4	1	11
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	4	1	10
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 1A2	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	2	1	6
Cathepsin B	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 3A4	0	2	0	3
Steryl-sulfatase	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	2	0	2
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C8	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2D6	0	3	0	4
Cytochrome P450 2A6	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C9	0	4	0	4
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	2	0	2
Androgen receptor	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1	2	1	0	3
Translocator protein	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta	2	1	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2	2	1	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5	2	1	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3	2	1	0	3
Cannabinoid receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2B6	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 4	0	2	1	5
Carbonic anhydrase 6	0	2	1	5
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1	2	1	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2	2	1	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Adenosine receptor A1	0	2	0	3
Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1	0	1	0	1
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	0	0	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4	2	1	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3	2	1	0	3
Endochitinase	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6	2	1	0	3
Adenosine receptor A2a	0	3	0	4
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	2	0	2
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	2	1	3
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2C19	0	2	0	2
Delta-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial	0	2	1	6
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	2
Kappa-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 7	0	2	1	5
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
D(1A) dopamine receptor	2	1	0	3
Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	2
D(2) dopamine receptor	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1	2	2	0	4
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3	2	1	0	3
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2	2	1	0	3
Cholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Mu-type opioid receptor	0	1	0	1
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 2	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B	0	2	0	3
Squalene synthase	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7	0	2	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 9	0	2	1	6
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase, alpha family	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	2
Carbonic anhydrase 3	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Sigma intracellular receptor 2	0	1	0	1
Delta carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Renin	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	2
Endochitinase A1	0	1	0	1
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	2	1	4
GABA theta subunit	2	1	0	3
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 1	0	6	0	6
Carbonic anhydrase 4	0	2	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase 15	0	1	0	3
Acidic mammalian chitinase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 13	0	2	0	4
Carbonic anhydrase 7	0	1	0	1
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon	2	1	0	3
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 14	0	2	1	6
Carbonic anhydrase	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 2, isoform A	0	1	0	1
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial	0	2	1	6
Chain A, ADIPOCYTE LIPID-BINDING PROTEIN	0	0	1	1
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE	8	0	0	8
Chain A, SERUM ALBUMIN	0	0	1	1
Chain A, SERUM ALBUMIN	0	0	1	1
Chain A, HADH2 protein	6	0	0	6
Chain B, HADH2 protein	6	0	0	6
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase	6	0	0	6
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q1	2	0	0	2
Chain A, Cruzipain	3	0	0	3
15-lipoxygenase, partial	2	0	0	2
phosphopantetheinyl transferase	6	0	0	6
USP1 protein, partial	9	0	0	9
TDP1 protein	7	0	0	7
Microtubule-associated protein tau	4	0	0	4
thioredoxin glutathione reductase	1	0	0	1
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A1	7	0	0	7
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)	3	0	0	3
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a	2	0	0	2
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 1	3	0	0	3
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA	8	0	0	8
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a	2	0	0	2
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 1	2	0	0	2
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I	1	0	0	1
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 1	7	0	0	7
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 1	2	0	0	2
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 1	2	0	0	2
DNA dC->dU-editing enzyme APOBEC-3G isoform 1	1	0	0	1
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor	2	0	0	2
lamin isoform A-delta10	8	0	0	8
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 1	0	1	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B	2	0	0	2
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	2	0	3
Trypsin	0	2	0	2
Coagulation factor VII	0	2	0	2
60 kDa chaperonin	0	2	0	2
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
Aromatase	0	2	0	2
Tissue factor	0	2	0	2
Fatty acid-binding protein, adipocyte	0	1	1	2
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	3	1	5
Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2	0	0	1	1
Histamine H2 receptor	2	1	0	4
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial	0	2	0	2
Calmodulin	0	0	0	1
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 17	1	0	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	2	0	3
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1	0	0	0	1
Fatty acid-binding protein 5	0	1	0	1
Fatty acid-binding protein 5	0	0	1	1
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase	0	2	0	2
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase	0	1	0	1
60 kDa chaperonin	0	2	0	2
10 kDa chaperonin	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B3	0	4	0	6
Cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma	0	1	0	1
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 2	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B1	0	5	0	7
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN	0	0	1	1
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN	0	0	1	1
Chain E, LYSINE, ARGININE, ORNITHINE-BINDING PROTEIN	0	0	1	1
NFKB1 protein, partial	2	0	0	2
GLS protein	6	0	0	6
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	5	0	0	5
alpha-galactosidase	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor	4	0	0	4
chromobox protein homolog 1	3	0	0	3
flap endonuclease 1	7	0	0	7
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)	5	0	0	5
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	5	0	0	5
lethal factor (plasmid)	3	0	0	3
Nitric oxide synthase, endothelial	0	0	0	2
Nitric oxide synthase, brain	0	1	0	2
Nitric oxide synthase, brain	0	1	0	2
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible	0	0	0	1
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible	0	0	1	3
Cationic amino acid transporter 3	0	1	0	1
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase	4	0	0	4
Chain A, Ferritin light chain	3	0	0	3
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 6	0	0	1	1
Excitatory amino acid transporter 4	0	1	0	1
Glutamate transporter homolog	0	0	1	1
N(4)-(beta-N-acetylglucosaminyl)-L-asparaginase	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	0	0	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1	0	1	0	2
Excitatory amino acid transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Excitatory amino acid transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Excitatory amino acid transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A	0	1	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C	0	1	0	2
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 1	0	0	1	1
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 2	0	0	1	1
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative	0	0	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D	0	1	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B	0	1	0	2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A	0	1	0	2
Chain A, Phospholipase A2 isoform 3	0	0	1	1
GTP-binding protein (rab7)	0	0	1	1
ras protein, partial	0	0	1	1
interleukin 8	1	0	0	1
AR protein	10	0	0	10
hypothetical protein, conserved	1	0	0	1
EWS/FLI fusion protein	3	0	0	3
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	10	0	0	10
cytochrome P450 2D6	3	0	0	3
glucocerebrosidase	3	0	0	3
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	4	0	0	4
Rac1 protein	0	0	1	1
IDH1	1	0	0	1
cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa), partial	0	0	1	1
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2	0	1	0	1
Epidermal growth factor receptor	0	2	0	2
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver	0	1	0	1
Integrin beta-3	1	1	0	2
Myeloperoxidase	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	1	0	1
Seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-1	0	1	0	1
Integrin alpha-IIb	1	1	0	2
Glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme	0	1	0	1
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1	0	2	0	2
Substance-P receptor	0	1	0	1
Urotensin-2 receptor	0	1	0	1
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial	0	1	0	1
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma	1	0	0	1
Ras-related protein Rab-2A	0	0	1	1
Rho-associated protein kinase 2	0	1	0	1
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 20	0	2	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	2	0	2
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	0	1	1
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1	0	0	1	1
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma	5	0	0	5
SMAD family member 2	2	0	0	2
SMAD family member 3	2	0	0	2
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease	2	0	0	2
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)	3	0	0	3
pregnane X nuclear receptor	6	0	0	6
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma	5	0	0	5
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor	5	0	0	5
caspase-3	2	0	0	2
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a	5	0	0	5
Caspase-7	1	0	0	1
caspase-3	1	0	0	1
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 2	6	0	0	6
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit	3	0	0	3
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2B1	0	0	0	1
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase	0	2	0	2
Cellular tumor antigen p53	7	0	0	7
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	2	0	2
Insulin receptor	0	1	0	1
Glutamate receptor 2	3	0	0	3
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4	0	1	0	1
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase	0	1	0	1
Histone deacetylase 1	0	1	0	1
Histone deacetylase 2	0	1	0	1
Histone deacetylase 6	0	1	0	1
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG2	0	2	0	2
Chain A, Betaine ABC transporter permease and substrate binding protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Osmoprotection protein (ProX)	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein	0	0	2	2
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein	0	0	2	2
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein	0	0	2	2
Chain A, Glycine betaine/carnitine/choline-binding protein	0	0	2	2
Bile salt export pump	0	1	0	1
Proton-coupled amino acid transporter 1	0	2	0	2
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase	3	0	0	3
Caspase-7	1	0	0	1
Inositol monophosphatase 1	4	0	0	4
acetylcholinesterase	2	0	0	2
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit	3	0	0	3
progesterone receptor	3	0	0	3
farnesoid X nuclear receptor	3	0	0	3
67.9K protein	3	0	0	3
activating transcription factor 6	3	0	0	3
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor	1	0	0	1
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)	1	0	0	1
heat shock protein beta-1	3	0	0	3
mitogen-activated protein kinase 1	1	0	0	1
Caspase-2	0	0	1	1
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 5	3	0	0	3
Ataxin-2	5	0	0	5
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Acetylcholinesterase	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Putative Glycine Betaine-binding Abc Transporter Protein	0	0	1	1
Chain A, PUTATIVE GLYCINE BETAINE-BINDING ABC TRANSPORTER PROTEIN	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Choline-binding protein	0	0	1	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	1	0	2
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-3	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-4	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-2	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-2	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-3	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-4	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-5	0	1	0	1
Acetylcholinesterase	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Choline O-acetyltransferase	0	0	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-6	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-9	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 1	0	1	0	2
High affinity choline transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-10	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 2	0	1	0	2
Sodium- and chloride-dependent creatine transporter 1	0	1	0	1
aryl hydrocarbon receptor	1	0	0	1
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a	2	0	0	2
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 1	5	0	0	5
snurportin-1	5	0	0	5
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 1	3	0	0	3
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 3	1	0	0	1
Glutathione S-transferase P	0	1	0	1
Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein	0	0	1	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	0	3	0	3
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter	0	3	1	4
Chain A, Protein (peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor (ppar-delta))	0	1	0	1
regulator of G-protein signaling 4	1	0	0	1
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor	1	0	0	1
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha	0	1	0	1
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma	0	0	1	1
Oxoeicosanoid receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Endothelin-1 receptor	0	1	0	1
Albumin	0	0	2	2
Luciferin 4-monooxygenase	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1	0	1	0	1
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit	0	0	0	1
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase 1	0	1	0	1
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase family member 2	0	2	0	2
Vesicular glutamate transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase	0	0	1	1
acid sphingomyelinase	1	0	0	1
glp-1 receptor, partial	2	0	0	2
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein	1	0	0	1
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 2	3	0	0	3
DNA polymerase beta	2	0	0	2
Thymidylate synthase	0	2	0	2
Thymidylate synthase	0	1	0	1
Dihydrofolate reductase	0	0	1	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	1	0	1
Alpha-synuclein	1	0	0	1
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A3	0	1	0	1
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial	0	0	0	1
Multidrug resistance associated protein	0	0	0	1
N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1	0	2	0	3
Chain B, Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D	0	1	0	1
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor	2	0	0	2
TAR DNA-binding protein 43	1	0	0	1
Sodium/myo-inositol cotransporter 2	0	1	0	1
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor	3	0	0	3
ATAD5 protein, partial	4	0	0	4
Spike glycoprotein	4	0	0	4
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 2	1	0	0	1
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A	3	0	0	3
Luciferase	1	0	0	1
dopamine D1 receptor	2	0	0	2
WRN	1	0	0	1
integrase, partial	0	1	0	1
lens epithelium-derived growth factor p75	0	1	0	1
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA1	1	0	0	1
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)	1	0	0	1
pyruvate kinase	1	0	0	1
hexokinase-4 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
glucokinase regulatory protein	1	0	0	1
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 1	4	0	0	4
DNA polymerase eta isoform 1	1	0	0	1
M-phase phosphoprotein 8	2	0	0	2
Polyphenol oxidase 2	0	0	0	1
Plasma kallikrein	0	0	0	1
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck	0	1	0	1
Tyrosine-protein kinase Fyn	0	1	0	1
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15	0	1	0	1
Tyrosinase	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 15 member 1	0	1	0	1
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 1	0	1	0	1
SLC16A10 protein	0	0	0	1
Monocarboxylate transporter 10	0	0	0	1
phosphoglycerate kinase	1	0	0	1
tumor susceptibility gene 101 protein	1	0	0	1
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G	1	0	0	1
Serine racemase	0	1	0	1
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 3	1	0	0	1
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4	1	0	0	1
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	1	0	1
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter	0	5	1	6
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter	0	0	1	1
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter	0	5	1	6
Trace amine-associated receptor 1	0	0	1	1
N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1	0	0	0	1
N(G),N(G)-dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1	0	0	0	1
Atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1	0	1	0	1
Fumarate hydratase	1	0	0	1
G	1	0	0	1
polyprotein	1	0	0	1
Parkin	1	0	0	1
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor	1	0	0	1
NPC intracellular cholesterol transporter 1 precursor	2	0	0	2
D(1A) dopamine receptor	2	0	0	2
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d	1	0	0	1
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 2 precursor	2	0	0	2
ras-related protein Rab-9A	2	0	0	2
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 1	3	0	0	3
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	1	0	1
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1	0	1	0	1
B2 bradykinin receptor	0	1	0	1
Chymotrypsinogen A	0	1	0	1
Beta-lactamase	0	1	0	1
Interferon beta	2	0	0	2
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain	1	0	0	1
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	1	0	1
Quinolone resistance protein NorA	0	1	0	1
Adenosine receptor A3	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	0	3	0	3
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB1	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	2	0	2
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D	0	1	0	1
Adenosine receptor A3	0	1	0	1
Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2J2	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S	0	1	0	1
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C	0	1	0	1
Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1	0	0	1	1
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 1	1	0	0	1
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial	1	0	0	1
Thrombopoietin	1	0	0	1
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 1	1	0	0	1
huntingtin isoform 2	1	0	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	2	0	2
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B1	0	2	0	2
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2	0	2	0	2
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M4	0	2	0	2
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M5	0	2	0	2
Alpha-2A adrenergic receptor	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2D1	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2D26	0	1	0	1
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1	0	2	0	2
Cytochrome P450 2D3	0	1	0	1
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor	0	2	0	2
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor	0	2	0	2
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3	0	2	0	2
D(1A) dopamine receptor	0	2	0	2
Histamine H2 receptor	0	2	0	2
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6	0	1	0	1
Histamine H1 receptor	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3	0	1	0	1
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B	0	1	0	1
Histamine H1 receptor	0	2	0	2
D(3) dopamine receptor	0	2	0	2
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	0	2	0	2
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 6	0	2	0	2
Voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4	0	1	0	1
Cytochrome P450 2D4	0	1	0	1
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B	0	1	0	1
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter	0	2	1	3
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter	0	1	0	1
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	0	0	1	1
Chain A, glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	0	0	1	1
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form	0	0	1	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 6	0	0	0	1
Solute carrier family 22 member 8	0	1	0	1
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 9	0	1	1	2
Guanine deaminase	0	1	0	1
PPM1D protein	1	0	0	1
Albumin	0	0	1	1
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 7	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 1	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1	0	1	0	1
Protease	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1-like protein 1	0	1	0	1
Vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1	0	2	0	2
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Synonyms(1)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Context

Research

Studies (86)

Protein Targets (547)

Leukoaraiosis

Synonyms(1)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Context

Research

Studies (86)

Drugs Studied (67)

Protein Targets (547)