Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Cold Injury

A physical injury caused by exposure of the body to extremely low ambient temperatures that may lead to loss of body parts, or in extreme cases, death. Examples of cold injury are FROSTBITE and CHILBLAINS.

Synonyms(1)

Synonym
Cold Injury

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Cold injury is a condition that causes reversible and irreversible damage when tissues are exposed to cold."( Alioğlu, C; Bozkurt, M; Kapı, E; Kuvat, SV; Taylan Filinte, G, 2017)

Research

Studies (23)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19900 (0.00)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's0 (0.00)18.1394
2010's12 (52.17)28.8240
2020's11 (47.83)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
ammonium hydroxide0low10
chlorine0low10
nitrates0low10
nitrites0low10
alendronate0low10
aspirin0low10
ibuprofen0low10
propane0low10
butane0low10
gadolinium0low10
chlorine0low20
barium chloride0low10
raffinose0low10
y 276320low10
sphingosine0low10
quercetin0low10
iloprost0low30
irl 25000low10
endothelin-10low10
piperidines0low10
cobra cardiotoxin proteins0low10
allopurinol0low20

Protein Targets (497)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase0101
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase0101
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase0202
Acetylcholinesterase0303
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase 0101
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase 0101
interleukin 82002
TDP1 protein4004
AR protein4004
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor3003
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)2002
progesterone receptor2002
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]3003
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha4004
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha5005
IDH14004
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 25005
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 14004
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 32002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 23003
ras-related protein Rab-9A1001
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 12002
geminin3003
survival motor neuron protein isoform d2002
lamin isoform A-delta104004
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30303
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40303
Polyphenol oxidase 20304
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit1001
Bile salt export pump0404
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase0001
Cellular tumor antigen p533003
Glutamate receptor 21001
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase [Includes: Xanthine dehydrogenase 0101
Adenosine receptor A2a0011
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0404
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma0101
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0417
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0011
TAR DNA-binding protein 432002
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10303
Shiga toxin subunit A0101
Histamine H3 receptor0101
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE2002
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE3003
Chain A, Phospholipase A2 isoform 30011
Chain A, HADH2 protein3003
Chain B, HADH2 protein3003
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase2002
GTP-binding protein (rab7)0011
ras protein, partial0011
thioredoxin reductase2002
GLS protein3003
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A12002
hypothetical protein, conserved1001
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 41001
EWS/FLI fusion protein3003
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 12002
cytochrome P450 2D61001
glucocerebrosidase3003
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta2002
Rac1 protein0011
cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa), partial0011
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 12002
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)3003
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 13003
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M12002
lethal factor (plasmid)2002
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0202
Epidermal growth factor receptor0303
Carbonic anhydrase 10606
Carbonic anhydrase 20606
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0202
Integrin beta-31102
Myeloperoxidase0202
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10303
Seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-10204
Integrin alpha-IIb1102
Glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10303
Adenosine receptor A10303
Adenosine receptor A2a0303
Substance-P receptor0303
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20404
Urotensin-2 receptor0101
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial0202
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
Ras-related protein Rab-2A0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-12103
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20303
Rho-associated protein kinase 20202
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 200202
Solute carrier family 22 member 60202
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10011
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10011
Carbonic anhydrase 40404
Carbonic anhydrase0303
Carbonic anhydrase 150303
Endothelin-1 receptor0303
Luciferase3003
USP1 protein, partial4004
NFKB1 protein, partial2002
nonstructural protein 11001
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha2002
67.9K protein2002
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2002
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor1001
arylsulfatase A2002
aryl hydrocarbon receptor2002
chromobox protein homolog 12002
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 11001
snurportin-11001
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 12002
Acid-sensing ion channel 30101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40101
Bile salt export pump0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Albumin0112
Albumin0101
Albumin0011
Cholinesterase0101
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0303
Fatty acid-binding protein, intestinal0101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase0203
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70001
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Caspase-11102
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0203
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A30001
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C30101
Caspase-30101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A10101
Caspase-40101
Cytochrome P450 2J20101
Caspase-50101
Caspase-90101
Acid-sensing ion channel 10101
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0203
Solute carrier family 22 member 80101
Dehydrogenase/reductase SDR family member 90101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP1 subtype0011
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP3 subtype0101
Prostaglandin E2 receptor EP2 subtype0011
Prostacyclin receptor0213
Prostacyclin receptor0112
Spike glycoprotein1012
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A10001
Prostaglandin D2 receptor0011
Chain A, Cruzipain3003
Microtubule-associated protein tau3003
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor2002
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA2002
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 12002
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 11001
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi2002
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B2103
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta2002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-22002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-52002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-22002
Endothelin receptor type B0202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-42002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-62002
Histamine H2 receptor2002
Caspase-71001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-22002
Type 1 InsP3 receptor isoform S2 1001
GABA theta subunit2002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon2002
Histamine H3 receptor1001
Sodium/iodide cotransporter0101
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase1001
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
Chain A, (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase0101
Chain B, (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase0101
Chain A, (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase0101
Chain B, (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase0101
Chain A, (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase0101
Chain B, (3R)-hydroxymyristoyl-acyl carrier protein dehydratase0101
Chain A, APH(2')-Id0101
glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase0101
Nrf21001
15-lipoxygenase, partial1001
phosphopantetheinyl transferase2002
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma1001
SMAD family member 21001
ATAD5 protein, partial3003
SMAD family member 31001
GLI family zinc finger 31001
signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced1001
Smad31001
DNA polymerase III, partial1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 31001
regulator of G-protein signaling 42002
pregnane X nuclear receptor1001
Neuraminidase 0202
Parkin1001
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)1001
hexokinase0101
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a1001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor1001
activating transcription factor 61001
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)1001
Histone H2A.x1001
Spike glycoprotein0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 11001
galactokinase1001
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a1001
interferon gamma precursor0001
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX121001
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor1001
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
histone deacetylase 9 isoform 31001
DNA polymerase beta2002
mitogen-activated protein kinase 12002
flap endonuclease 11001
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
tyrosine-protein kinase Yes1001
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor1001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 12002
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A1001
Transmembrane protease serine 20011
Maltase-glucoamylase, intestinal0101
Carbonic anhydrase 120101
NUAK family SNF1-like kinase 10101
Lysine-specific histone demethylase 1A0101
B2 bradykinin receptor0101
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B20101
Arginase 0101
Glutathione reductase, mitochondrial0101
Pancreatic triacylglycerol lipase0101
Prothrombin0112
Prothrombin 0101
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator0101
Cationic trypsin0101
Chymotrypsinogen A0101
Chymotrypsin-like elastase family member 10101
Beta-lactamase0101
Protein E60101
Neuraminidase0101
Interstitial collagenase0112
Phospholipase A20101
Sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 10101
Cytochrome P450 1A10213
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Cytochrome P450 1A20101
Beta-lactamase0101
Tyrosine-protein kinase Lck0101
Cyclin-dependent kinase 10101
Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0101
Epoxide hydrolase 1 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 30101
Trypsin-10101
Trypsin-20101
Procathepsin L0011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Tyrosine-protein kinase Yes0101
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret0101
Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor0101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10112
Neutrophil elastase0202
72 kDa type IV collagenase0101
Stromelysin-10101
Hepatocyte growth factor receptor0101
Cytochrome P450 3A40101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0011
Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A10011
Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase0101
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH] FabI0101
Replicase polyprotein 1a0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
Adenosine receptor A30101
Calmodulin-10101
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0213
Alpha-amylase 1A 0101
Lysosomal alpha-glucosidase0101
Sialidase0101
Malate dehydrogenase0101
Cytochrome P450 2C80101
Cytochrome P450 2D60101
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 20101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase pim-10112
Aromatase0101
Cyclin-dependent kinase 40101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150101
Proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src0101
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator0011
Sucrase-isomaltase, intestinal0101
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B10101
Tyrosinase0101
Matrix metalloproteinase-90101
Urease subunit alpha0202
Serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B0101
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial0101
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX150101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Chymotrypsinogen B0101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 10101
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX120101
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0101
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 4 0101
Casein kinase II subunit alpha'0202
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A 0101
5'-nucleotidase0101
D(4) dopamine receptor0101
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycosomal0101
Carbonic anhydrase 60101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 10101
G1/S-specific cyclin-D10101
Cyclin-dependent kinase 20101
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 10101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0101
Dipeptidyl peptidase 40101
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha0101
Proteasome subunit beta type-50101
Cytosol aminopeptidase0101
ADP-ribosyl cyclase/cyclic ADP-ribose hydrolase 10101
Nitric oxide synthase, inducible0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor0101
Tyrosine-protein kinase receptor UFO0101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 20101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 30101
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0101
RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase0101
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 0101
Bifunctional epoxide hydrolase 20101
Trypsin-30101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0101
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 20101
Receptor-type tyrosine-protein kinase FLT30101
17-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 20101
Alpha-synuclein0101
Macrophage metalloelastase0101
Kappa-type opioid receptor0101
Glutathione reductase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 70101
Tyrosine-protein kinase SYK0112
Collagenase 30101
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase0101
Sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter0101
Prolyl endopeptidase0101
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform 0101
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 alpha0101
Glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member A10101
C-C chemokine receptor type 40101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek20101
Oligo-1,6-glucosidase IMA10101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK10101
Death-associated protein kinase 10101
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 100101
Monocarboxylate transporter 10101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0101
Beta-secretase 10202
Anthrax toxin receptor 20101
Casein kinase II subunit beta0202
Casein kinase II subunit alpha0202
Urease subunit beta0202
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 171001
Lactoperoxidase0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Inositol monophosphatase 11001
Cyclin-dependent kinase 60101
Cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 0101
Heat shock factor protein 10101
Sorbitol dehydrogenase0101
Cyclin homolog0101
cGMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase0101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B0101
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 10101
Lactoylglutathione lyase0202
Focal adhesion kinase 10101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit beta0101
ELAV-like protein 30101
Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 10101
ELAV-like protein 10101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N10101
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 140101
Cytochrome P450 1B10213
Carbonic anhydrase 90101
Probable maltase-glucoamylase 20101
Carbonic anhydrase 30101
Monocarboxylate transporter 20101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C0101
Substance-K receptor0101
Integrase 0101
Casein kinase II subunit alpha 30202
Inositol polyphosphate multikinase0101
G2/mitotic-specific cyclin-B30101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C210202
Enoyl-acyl-carrier protein reductase 0202
3-oxoacyl-acyl-carrier protein reductase 0101
Beta-hydroxyacyl-ACP dehydratase precursor (Fatty acid synthesis protein)0101
Aurora kinase B0101
Chymotrypsin-C0101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 0011
Carbonic anhydrase 130101
Cyclin-dependent kinase 10101
Phosphodiesterase 0101
G-protein coupled receptor 350112
Serine/threonine-protein kinase Nek60101
NADPH oxidase 40101
Hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha inhibitor0101
Dipeptidyl peptidase 30101
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 20101
Short transient receptor potential channel 50101
Carbonic anhydrase 140101
ALK tyrosine kinase receptor0101
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20112
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0101
Sialidase-20101
phosphoglycerate kinase1001
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase2002
PA-I galactophilic lectin0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain1001
acid sphingomyelinase1001
endonuclease IV1001
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA11001
alpha-galactosidase1001
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d1001
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 5 isoform 10101
ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 N0101
C-C chemokine receptor type 60101
apelin receptor0101
bcl-2-related protein A10101
streptokinase A precursor0011
Endoglycoceramidase II 0001
Protein kinase C alpha type0101
Estrogen receptor0011
Protein kinase C delta type0101
Protein kinase C epsilon type0101
Protein kinase C zeta type0101
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha 0101
Protein kinase C gamma type0101
Protein kinase C beta type0101
Estrogen receptor beta0011
Protein kinase C eta type0101
Sphingosine kinase 20101
Sphingosine kinase 10101
Protein kinase C theta type0101
Taste receptor type 2 member 380001
Chain E, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, alpha-catalytic subunit0101
Chain I, cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor, alpha form0101
Chain B, Rho-associated protein kinase 10101
Chain A, Rho-associated protein kinase 10101
Chain A, Rho-associated protein kinase 10101
Chain A, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, alpha-catalytic subunit0101
Chain A, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, alpha-catalytic subunit0101
Chain A, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, alpha-catalytic subunit0101
Chain I, cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha0101
Chain A, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, alpha-catalytic subunit0101
Chain A, cAMP-dependent protein kinase, alpha-catalytic subunit0101
Chain I, cAMP-dependent protein kinase inhibitor alpha0101
Chain A, Rho-associated protein kinase 10101
dopamine D1 receptor1001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor1001
Rho-associated protein kinase 20202
Ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-50101
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha0101
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha 0101
C-C motif chemokine 20101
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha0101
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma0101
cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20101
Rho-associated protein kinase 10202
Serine/threonine-protein kinase N20101
Rho-associated protein kinase 20101
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]