Compounds > tetroxoprim
Page last updated: 2024-11-06

tetroxoprim

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Description

Tetroxoprim is a synthetic dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, an enzyme essential for the synthesis of tetrahydrofolic acid, a vital coenzyme in nucleic acid metabolism. It has been shown to exhibit potent antimicrobial activity, particularly against bacterial strains resistant to traditional antibiotics. Tetroxoprim is studied for its potential as a treatment for infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The synthesis of tetroxoprim involves a multi-step chemical process, often utilizing aromatic ring modifications and heterocycle formation. Its unique structural features enable it to bind to the active site of dihydrofolate reductase, effectively inhibiting the enzyme's function and leading to bacterial growth inhibition.'

tetroxoprim: structure given in Negwer 5th ed, #6419 [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID65450
CHEMBL ID32039
CHEBI ID135420
SCHEMBL ID155211
MeSH IDM0080841

Synonyms (48)

Synonym
tetroxoprima [inn-spanish]
he 781
5-((3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)methyl)-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
2,4-pyrimidinediamine, 5-((3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)methyl)-
einecs 258-789-4
tetroxoprime [inn-french]
bw 32 u
brn 4271695
2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine
5-((3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl)methyl)pyrimidinediamine
tetroxoprimum [inn-latin]
tetroxoprima [spanish]
pyrimidine, 2,4-diamino-5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)-
bdbm50029760
5-[3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-benzyl]-pyrimidine-2,4-diamine(tetroxoprim )
5-[3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxy-ethoxy)-benzyl]-pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
53808-87-0
5-[[3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl]methyl]-2,4-pyrimidinediamine
5-[[3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)phenyl]methyl]pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
tetroxoprim
D06097
tetroxoprim (usan/inn)
CHEBI:135420
CHEMBL32039 ,
5r6712ay0k ,
unii-5r6712ay0k
5-25-13-00437 (beilstein handbook reference)
tetroxoprim [usan:inn:ban]
tetroxoprima
tetroxoprimum
tetroxoprime
tetroxoprim [inn]
tetroxoprim [mi]
tetroxoprim [usan]
tetroxoprim [who-dd]
tetroxoprim [mart.]
2,4-diamino-5-[3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzyl]pyrimidine
SCHEMBL155211
WSWJIZXMAUYHOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N
DTXSID80202085
5-(3,5-dimethoxy-4-(2-methoxyethoxy)benzyl)pyrimidine-2,4-diamine
FT-0710131
Q937551
MS-25045
HY-107033
CS-0027178
gtpl12328
AKOS040758185

Research Excerpts

Bioavailability

The paper describes a comparative bioavailability study on two tablet formulations containing 100 mg of tetroxoprim and 250 mg of sulphadiazine.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"The paper describes a comparative bioavailability study on two tablet formulations containing 100 mg of tetroxoprim and 250 mg of sulphadiazine."( Bioequivalency studies on tablet formulation of tetroxoprim and sulphadiazine.
Alkaysi, HN; Badwan, AA; Gharaibeh, AM; Gharaibeh, KI; Salem, MA, 1992)		0.75
" Tetroxoprim embonate, an insoluble salt very useful for obtaining a suspension with good palatability, shows a bioavailability not statistically different from that of tetroxoprim base."( HPLC determination of tetroxoprim and sulphadiazine in pharmaceutical dosage forms and in biological fluids.
Coppi, G; Springolo, V, 1989)		1.5
" In dogs with healthy meninges, the CSF bioavailability - expressed as the ratio of CSF/plasma area under the curve 0-5-hour values - following continuous infusion was determined to be 86."( Diffusion of metioprim, tetroxoprim and sulphadiazine in the cerebrospinal fluid of dogs with healthy meninges and dogs with experimental meningitis.
Armengaud, H; Bishop-Freudling, GB; Foing, N; Szelenyi, I; van Tho, T; Vergin, H, 1984)		0.57

Dosage Studied

Two studies were conducted in neurosurgical patients to establish cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma levels of tetroxoprim (TXP) and sulphadiazine (SDZ) following the oral administration of co-tetroxazin.

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Two HPLC methods for determination of tetroxoprim and sulphadiazine in pharmaceutical dosage forms and in biological fluid are reported."( HPLC determination of tetroxoprim and sulphadiazine in pharmaceutical dosage forms and in biological fluids.
Coppi, G; Springolo, V, 1989)		0.86
"Two studies were conducted in neurosurgical patients to establish cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma levels of tetroxoprim (TXP) and sulphadiazine (SDZ) following the oral administration of co-tetroxazin in a standard dosage regimen."( [Diffusion of tetroxoprim and sulfadiazine in the cerebrospinal fluid of neurosurgery patients].
Albert, F; Bishop-Freudling, GB; Vergin, H, 1984)		0.84
" and oral dosing respectively."( The pharmacokinetics of tetroxoprim in the dog.
Strobel, K; Vergin, H, 1982)		0.57
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

ClassDescription
dimethoxybenzeneAny methoxybenzene that consists of a benzene skeleton substituted with two methoxy groups and its derivatives.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein Targets (5)

Inhibition Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Dihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)Ki229.08700.11220.21580.3311AID56467; AID56483
Dihydrofolate reductaseLacticaseibacillus caseiKi0.54950.00001.26756.3096AID57779
Dihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12IC50 (µMol)0.01800.00150.55126.8000AID57094
Dihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12Ki0.00450.00000.37904.0200AID57588
Dihydrofolate reductasePneumocystis cariniiIC50 (µMol)63.00000.00060.54766.2000AID55836
Dihydrofolate reductase Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar TyphiKi0.00450.00450.11790.6607AID57579
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (10)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
one-carbon metabolic processDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
response to methotrexateDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
tetrahydrofolate metabolic processDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic processDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
dihydrofolate metabolic processDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
folic acid metabolic processDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
10-formyltetrahydrofolate biosynthetic processDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
response to xenobiotic stimulusDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
folic acid biosynthetic processDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
one-carbon metabolic processDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
response to methotrexateDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
tetrahydrofolate biosynthetic processDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
response to antibioticDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
dihydrofolate metabolic processDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
folic acid metabolic processDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (10)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
mRNA bindingDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
dihydrofolate reductase activityDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
NADP bindingDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
dihydrofolate reductase activityDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
protein bindingDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
folic acid bindingDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
oxidoreductase activityDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
NADP bindingDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
methotrexate bindingDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
dihydrofolic acid bindingDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
NADP+ bindingDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
NADPH bindingDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (2)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
mitochondrionDihydrofolate reductaseGallus gallus (chicken)
cytosolDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
cytosolDihydrofolate reductaseEscherichia coli K-12
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (56)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID231826Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in streptococcus pyogenes CN101981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID57435Minimum inhibitory concentration versus trimethoprim against Dihydrofolate Reductase of Escherichia coli CN 3141981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID57584Apparent inhibitory (log 1/Ki) activity against Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Feb, Volume: 31, Issue:2
Quantitative structure-activity relationships for the inhibition of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase by 5-(substituted benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines.
AID55992Minimum inhibitory concentration versus trimethoprim against Dihydrofolate Reductase of Proteus vulgaris CN 3291981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231820Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Vibrio cholerae ATCC 140351981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231606Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Myco. smegmatis S32541981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID57082Minimum inhibitory concentration versus trimethoprim against Dihydrofolate Reductase of Enterobacter aerogenes 2200/861981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231809Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Shigella flexneri CN60071981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231811Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Staphylococcus aureus CN4911981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID55991Minimum inhibitory concentration versus trimethoprim against Dihydrofolate Reductase of Proteus mirabilis S 24091981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231808Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Serratia marcescens UN3141981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID235293Selectivity index against Escherichia coli.1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1
On the optimization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substituent interactions of 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines with dihydrofolate reductase.
AID57586Compound is evaluated for the inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase from Escherichia coli1981Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5
Quantitative structure-selectivity relationships. Comparison of the inhibition of Escherichia coli and bovine liver dihydrofolate reductase by 5-(substituted-benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines.
AID56784Inhibitory activity against bovine liver dihydrofolate reductase at pH 7.2.1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 25, Issue:4
A comparison of the inhibitory action of 5-(substituted-benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines on dihydrofolate reductase from chicken liver with that from bovine liver.
AID57925Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from Lactobacillus casei (expressed as log 1/Kiapp)1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 25, Issue:7
Comparison of the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase by 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines: quantitative structure-activity relationships, X-ray crystallography, and computer graphics in structure-act
AID218761Percent recovery of compound as intact in the 24-h cumulative urine of dog (given as average percent of the dose)1981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID27590Partition coefficient (logD) (aqueous phase 0.1 N HCl)1989Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8
On the structure selectivity problem in drug design. A comparative study of benzylpyrimidine inhibition of vertebrate and bacterial dihydrofolate reductase via molecular graphics and quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID55994Minimum inhibitory concentration versus trimethoprim against Dihydrofolate Reductase of Shigella dysentariae CN 15131981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID57083Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase2001Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-16, Volume: 44, Issue:17
Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system: an instant and architecture-free predictor for improved QSAR studies.
AID56483Compound was evaluated for inhibitory activity against chicken dihydrofolate reductase1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1
On the optimization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substituent interactions of 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines with dihydrofolate reductase.
AID235294Selectivity index against Lactobacillus casei DHFR. 1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1
On the optimization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substituent interactions of 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines with dihydrofolate reductase.
AID56471Inhibitory activity against chicken dihydrofolate reductase at pH 7.2.1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr, Volume: 25, Issue:4
A comparison of the inhibitory action of 5-(substituted-benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines on dihydrofolate reductase from chicken liver with that from bovine liver.
AID231593Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Enterobacteria aerogenes 2200/861981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID55836Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase in Pneumocystis carinii at 37 centigrade.1995Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-24, Volume: 38, Issue:24
New drug developments for opportunistic infections in immunosuppressed patients: Pneumocystis carinii.
AID57094Inhibitory activity against Dihydrofolate reductase of Escherichia coli1981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231605Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Klebsiella pneumoniae CN36321981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID57579Inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1
On the optimization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substituent interactions of 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines with dihydrofolate reductase.
AID231617Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Past. multocida ATCC 65871981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID99656Inhibitory activity against murine tumor cells (L5178Y/S)1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5
Inhibition by 5-(substituted-benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines of murine tumor (L5178Y) cell cultures sensitive to and resistant to methotrexate. Further evidence for the sensitivity of resistant cells to hydrophobic drugs.
AID57602Minimum inhibitory concentration versus trimethoprim against Dihydrofolate Reductase of Klebsiella pneumoniae CN 36321981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231588Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Citro. freundii 2200/771981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID57574Activity against dihydrofolate reductase of Escherichia coli strain MB 14281992Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-21, Volume: 35, Issue:17
Application of neural networks: quantitative structure-activity relationships of the derivatives of 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines as DHFR inhibitors.
AID57470Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) isolated from murine L5178Y tumor cells resistant and sensitive to methotrexate1984Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 27, Issue:3
Comparative structure-activity relationships of antifolate triazines inhibiting murine tumor cells sensitive and resistant to methotrexate.
AID218759Peak serum concentration reached within 1 hr of administration of 5 mg/kg oral dose1981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID23701Partition coefficient (logD) (0.1 N NaOH)1984Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar, Volume: 27, Issue:3
Comparative structure-activity relationships of antifolate triazines inhibiting murine tumor cells sensitive and resistant to methotrexate.
AID57779Inhibitory activity against Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase1989Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8
On the structure selectivity problem in drug design. A comparative study of benzylpyrimidine inhibition of vertebrate and bacterial dihydrofolate reductase via molecular graphics and quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID57585Inhibitory activity against dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) from Escherichia coli (expressed as log 1/Kiapp)1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 25, Issue:7
Comparison of the inhibition of Escherichia coli and Lactobacillus casei dihydrofolate reductase by 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines: quantitative structure-activity relationships, X-ray crystallography, and computer graphics in structure-act
AID23497Partition coefficient (logD) (aqueous phase 0.1 N HCl)1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5
Inhibition of chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase by 5-(substituted benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines. A quantitative structure-activity relationship and graphics analysis.
AID55993Minimum inhibitory concentration versus trimethoprim against Dihydrofolate Reductase of Salmonella typhi CN 5121981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID218760Average half-life upon rapid elimination from serum in dog at 5 mg/kg orally on day 11981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231802Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Proteus vulgaris CN3291981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID24429Partition coefficient (logD) (0.1 N HCl/octanol)1991Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jan, Volume: 34, Issue:1
On the optimization of hydrophobic and hydrophilic substituent interactions of 2,4-diamino-5-(substituted-benzyl)pyrimidines with dihydrofolate reductase.
AID57588Inhibition constant against binding of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 31, Issue:7
The hypothetical active site lattice. An approach to modelling active sites from data on inhibitor molecules.
AID56796Inhibition of dihydrofolate reductase from bovine liver1981Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 24, Issue:5
Quantitative structure-selectivity relationships. Comparison of the inhibition of Escherichia coli and bovine liver dihydrofolate reductase by 5-(substituted-benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines.
AID231821Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in streptococcus faecalis CN4781981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID65359Inhibition of growth of methotrexate-resistant (MB1428) strain of Escherichia coli cells.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 28, Issue:12
Quantitative structure-activity relationship of antifolate inhibition of bacteria cell cultures resistant and sensitive to methotrexate.
AID65357Inhibition of growth of methotrexate-sensitive (MB1417) strain of Escherichia coli cells.1985Journal of medicinal chemistry, Dec, Volume: 28, Issue:12
Quantitative structure-activity relationship of antifolate inhibition of bacteria cell cultures resistant and sensitive to methotrexate.
AID56006Minimum inhibitory concentration versus trimethoprim against Dihydrofolate Reductase of Staphylococcus aureus CN 4911981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID58132PCompound was tested for inhibitory activity against Dihydrofolate reductase of rat liver at 40000 M1981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID56467Inhibitory activity against chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase1989Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 32, Issue:8
On the structure selectivity problem in drug design. A comparative study of benzylpyrimidine inhibition of vertebrate and bacterial dihydrofolate reductase via molecular graphics and quantitative structure-activity relationships.
AID231828Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in streptococcus pyogenes S36401981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID99653Inhibitory activity against murine tumor cells (L5178Y/R)1982Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 25, Issue:5
Inhibition by 5-(substituted-benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines of murine tumor (L5178Y) cell cultures sensitive to and resistant to methotrexate. Further evidence for the sensitivity of resistant cells to hydrophobic drugs.
AID231598Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Escherichia coli CN3141981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231806Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Salmonella typhi CN5121981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID231807Relative antimicrobial activity to that of trimethoprim in Salmonella Typhimurium (LT-2) S85871981Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 24, Issue:8
2,4-Diamino-5-benzylpyrimidines and analogues as antibacterial agents. 5. 3',5'-Dimethoxy-4'-substituted-benzyl analogues of trimethoprim.
AID56461Inhibition of chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase1986Journal of medicinal chemistry, May, Volume: 29, Issue:5
Inhibition of chicken liver dihydrofolate reductase by 5-(substituted benzyl)-2,4-diaminopyrimidines. A quantitative structure-activity relationship and graphics analysis.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (49)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199039 (79.59)18.7374
1990's6 (12.24)18.2507
2000's4 (8.16)29.6817
2010's0 (0.00)24.3611
2020's0 (0.00)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 21.74

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index21.74 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.93 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.03 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index23.28 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (21.74)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials1 (2.04%)5.53%
Reviews3 (6.12%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other45 (91.84%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
chlorine
chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.		210halide anion;
monoatomic chlorine		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite
dapsone
[no description available]		3.0810substituted aniline;
sulfone		anti-inflammatory drug;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
leprostatic drug
hydroxyurea
[no description available]		1.9610one-carbon compound;
ureas		antimetabolite;
antimitotic;
antineoplastic agent;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.17.4.1 (ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase) inhibitor;
genotoxin;
immunomodulator;
radical scavenger;
teratogenic agent
lapachol
lapachol : A hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone that is 1,4-naphthoquinone substituted by hydroxy and 3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl groups at positions 2 and 3, respectively. It is a natural compound that exhibits antibacterial and anticancer properties, first isolated in 1882 from the bark of Tabebuia avellanedae.		1.9710
norfloxacin
Norfloxacin: A synthetic fluoroquinolone (FLUOROQUINOLONES) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin inhibits bacterial DNA GYRASE.. norfloxacin : A quinolinemonocarboxylic acid with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Norfloxacin is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase.		1.9710fluoroquinolone antibiotic;
N-arylpiperazine;
quinolinemonocarboxylic acid;
quinolone antibiotic;
quinolone		antibacterial drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
pentamidine
Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.		3.0810aromatic ether;
carboxamidine;
diether		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
calmodulin antagonist;
chemokine receptor 5 antagonist;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor;
trypanocidal drug;
xenobiotic
primaquine
Primaquine: An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404). primaquine : An N-substituted diamine that is pentane-1,4-diamine substituted by a 6-methoxyquinolin-8-yl group at the N(4) position. It is a drug used in the treatment of malaria and Pneumocystis pneumonia.		3.0810aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
N-substituted diamine		antimalarial
pyrimethamine
Maloprim: contains above 2 cpds		4.1750aminopyrimidine;
monochlorobenzenes		antimalarial;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sulfadiazine
Sulfadiazine: One of the short-acting SULFONAMIDES used in combination with PYRIMETHAMINE to treat toxoplasmosis in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and in newborns with congenital infections.. sulfadiazine : A sulfonamide consisting of pyrimidine with a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 2-position.. diazine : The parent structure of the diazines.		6.8201pyrimidines;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
coccidiostat;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole: A bacteriostatic antibacterial agent that interferes with folic acid synthesis in susceptible bacteria. Its broad spectrum of activity has been limited by the development of resistance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p208). sulfamethoxazole : An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.		3.9840isoxazoles;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial agent;
antiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen;
EC 1.1.1.153 [sepiapterin reductase (L-erythro-7,8-dihydrobiopterin forming)] inhibitor;
EC 2.5.1.15 (dihydropteroate synthase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
epitope;
P450 inhibitor;
xenobiotic
sulfisoxazole
Sulfisoxazole: A short-acting sulfonamide antibacterial with activity against a wide range of gram- negative and gram-positive organisms.. sulfisoxazole : A sulfonamide antibacterial with an oxazole substituent. It has antibiotic activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive organisms.		1.9710isoxazoles;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antibacterial drug;
drug allergen
trimethoprim
Trimethoprim: A pyrimidine inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase, it is an antibacterial related to PYRIMETHAMINE. It is potentiated by SULFONAMIDES and the TRIMETHOPRIM, SULFAMETHOXAZOLE DRUG COMBINATION is the form most often used. It is sometimes used alone as an antimalarial. TRIMETHOPRIM RESISTANCE has been reported.. trimethoprim : An aminopyrimidine antibiotic whose structure consists of pyrimidine 2,4-diamine and 1,2,3-trimethoxybenzene moieties linked by a methylene bridge.		6.21270aminopyrimidine;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
diuretic;
drug allergen;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
environmental contaminant;
xenobiotic
trimetrexate
Trimetrexate: A nonclassical folic acid inhibitor through its inhibition of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. It is being tested for efficacy as an antineoplastic agent and as an antiparasitic agent against PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS patients. Myelosuppression is its dose-limiting toxic effect.		3.0810
mitomycin
Mitomycin: An antineoplastic antibiotic produced by Streptomyces caespitosus. It is one of the bi- or tri-functional ALKYLATING AGENTS causing cross-linking of DNA and inhibition of DNA synthesis.. mitomycin : A family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae.		1.9610mitomycinalkylating agent;
antineoplastic agent
cytarabine
[no description available]		1.9610beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrimidine nucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
immunosuppressive agent
maltol
maltol: found in bark of young larch trees; isolated from Passiflora incarnata; possesses depressant properties in mice; potentiates hexobarbital-induced narcosis & inhibits spontaneous motor activity; structure		1.97104-pyranonesmetabolite
cycloguanil
cycloguanil: the active metabolite of proguanil; antifolate drug; structure in first source. cycloguanil : A triazine in which a 1,6-dihydro-1,3,5-triazine ring is substituted at N-1 by a 4-chlorophenyl group, at C-2 and -4 by amino groups and at C-6 by gem-dimethyl groups. A dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, it is a metabolite of the antimalarial drug proguanil.		3.7630triazinesantifolate;
antiinfective agent;
antimalarial;
antiparasitic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
sulfamoxole
Sulfamoxole: A sulfanilamide antibacterial agent.. sulfamoxole : A sulfonamide antibiotic in which 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid and 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-oxazol-2-amine have combined to form the sulfonamide bond.		1.9510oxazole;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
sulfonamide		antimicrobial agent;
drug allergen
4,6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-1-phenyl-s-triazine
4,6-diamino-2,2-dimethyl-1,2-dihydro-1-phenyl-s-triazine: structure in first source		2.6630
diaveridine
diaveridine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. diaveridine : An aminopyrimidine in which the pyrimidine ring carries amino substituents at C-2 and C-4 and a 3,4-dimethoxybenzyl group at C-5. A folic acid antagonist, it is used as a synergist with sulfonamides against the parasitic Eimeria species.		3.84120aminopyrimidineantiparasitic agent;
drug allergen
metoprine
metoprine: histamine methyltransferase antagonist		2.3720
daunorubicin
Daunorubicin: A very toxic anthracycline aminoglycoside antineoplastic isolated from Streptomyces peucetius and others, used in treatment of LEUKEMIA and other NEOPLASMS.. anthracycline : Anthracyclines are polyketides that have a tetrahydronaphthacenedione ring structure attached by a glycosidic linkage to the amino sugar daunosamine.. daunorubicin : A natural product found in Actinomadura roseola.		1.9610aminoglycoside antibiotic;
anthracycline;
p-quinones;
tetracenequinones		antineoplastic agent;
bacterial metabolite
sitamaquine
[no description available]		3.0810
piritrexim
piritrexim: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		3.7630
sulfadiazine, trimethoprim drug combination
sulfadiazine, trimethoprim drug combination: combination of trimethoprim & sulfadiazine		1.9510
sulfametrole
N1-(4-methoxy-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-yl)sulfanilamide: structure in first source. sulfametrole : A sulfonamide obtained by formal condensation of the sulfo group of 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid with the amino group of 4-methoxy-1,2,5-thiadiazol-3-amine.		7.0110aromatic ether;
substituted aniline;
sulfonamide antibiotic;
thiadiazoles
propamidine
propamidine: structure given in first source. propamidine : A polyether that is the bis(4-guanidinophenyl) ether of propane-1,3-diol. Used (as its isethionate salt) for the treatment of minor eye or eyelid infections, such as conjunctivitis and blepharitis.		3.0810aromatic ether;
guanidines;
polyether		antimicrobial agent;
antiseptic drug
metioprim
[no description available]		3.67100
aditoprim
aditoprim: structure given in first source		2.8940
brodimoprim
brodimoprim: inhibits dihydrofolate reductase. brodimoprim : An aminopyrimidine that is 2,4-diaminopyrimidine in which the hydrogen at position 5 has been replaced by a 4-bromo-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl group.		3.4780aminopyrimidine;
bromobenzenes;
methoxybenzenes		antibacterial drug;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor
epiroprim
epiroprim: an analog of trimethoprim with improved antimicrobial and pharmacokinetic properties; structure given in first source		4.3360
2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidine
2,4-diamino-5-benzylpyrimidine: structure given in first source		3.84120
2,4-diamino-5,6-dihydro-6,6-dimethyl-5-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-s-triazine
2,4-diamino-5,6-dihydro-6,6-dimethyl-5-(4'-methoxyphenyl)-s-triazine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source		1.9610
s-(4-bromobenzyl)glutathione
S-(4-bromobenzyl)glutathione: inhibits glyoxalase I; cleaved in extracellular medium by gamma-glutamyl transferase		1.9710
s-methyl glutathione
[no description available]		1.9710methyl sulfide;
S-substituted glutathione;
zwitterion
tafenoquine
tafenoquine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-tafenoquine.. N(4)-{2,6-dimethoxy-4-methyl-5-[3-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]quinolin-8-yl}pentane-1,4-diamine : An aminoquinoline that is 8-aminoquinoline which is substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 6, a methyl group at position 4, and a m-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy group at position 5, and in which the amino substituent at position 8 is itself substituted by a 5-aminopentan-2-yl group.		3.0810(trifluoromethyl)benzenes;
aminoquinoline;
aromatic ether;
primary amino compound;
secondary amino compound
sulfadiazine, tetroxoprim drug combination
sulfadiazine, tetroxoprim drug combination: each 5 ml (teaspoon) liquid or each tablet contains tetroxoprim 100 mg & sulfadiazine 250 mg		2.3620
methotrexate
[no description available]		4.1750dicarboxylic acid;
monocarboxylic acid amide;
pteridines		abortifacient;
antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antirheumatic drug;
dermatologic drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
immunosuppressive agent
butamidine
butamidine: RN refers to HCl; structure in first source		3.0810
wr 242511
WR 242511: RN given refers to parent cpd		3.0810
1,2-bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)ethane
1,2-bis(5-amidino-2-benzimidazolyl)ethane: RN given refers to parent cpd		3.0810
trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole drug combination
Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination: A drug combination with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. It is effective in the treatment of many infections, including PNEUMOCYSTIS PNEUMONIA in AIDS.. co-trimoxazole : A two-component mixture comprising trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole.		1.9510
naringenin
(S)-naringenin : The (S)-enantiomer of naringenin.		1.9710(2S)-flavan-4-one;
naringenin		expectorant;
plant metabolite
puromycin
[no description available]		1.9610puromycinsantiinfective agent;
antimicrobial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 3.4.11.14 (cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase) inhibitor;
EC 3.4.14.2 (dipeptidyl-peptidase II) inhibitor;
nucleoside antibiotic;
protein synthesis inhibitor
wr 225448
WR 225448: used as prophylaxis for Plasmodium yoelii infections; structure given in first source		3.0810
dactinomycin
Dactinomycin: A compound composed of a two CYCLIC PEPTIDES attached to a phenoxazine that is derived from STREPTOMYCES parvullus. It binds to DNA and inhibits RNA synthesis (transcription), with chain elongation more sensitive than initiation, termination, or release. As a result of impaired mRNA production, protein synthesis also declines after dactinomycin therapy. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1993, p2015)		1.9610actinomycinmutagen
nadp
[no description available]		1.9510
quercetin
[no description available]		1.97107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
chrysin
chrysin : A dihydroxyflavone in which the two hydroxy groups are located at positions 5 and 7.		1.97107-hydroxyflavonol;
dihydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 2.7.11.18 (myosin-light-chain kinase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
plant metabolite
fisetin
[no description available]		1.97103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
7-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
morin
morin: a light yellowish pigment found in the wood of old fustic (Chlorophora tinctoria). morin : A pentahydroxyflavone that is 7-hydroxyflavonol bearing three additional hydroxy substituents at positions 2' 4' and 5.		1.97107-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis modulating agent;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.2 (DNA topoisomerase) inhibitor;
hepatoprotective agent;
metabolite;
neuroprotective agent
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Experimental Leukemia
[description not available]		02.3620
Leukemia L5178
An experimental lymphocytic leukemia of mice.		02.3620
Opportunistic Infections
An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression.		02.910
P carinii Pneumonia
[description not available]		03.2920
Pneumonia, Pneumocystis
A pulmonary disease in humans occurring in immunodeficient or malnourished patients or infants, characterized by DYSPNEA, tachypnea, and HYPOXEMIA. Pneumocystis pneumonia is a frequently seen opportunistic infection in AIDS. It is caused by the fungus PNEUMOCYSTIS JIROVECII. The disease is also found in other MAMMALS where it is caused by related species of Pneumocystis.		03.2920
Pachymeningitis
[description not available]		01.9610
Infections, Staphylococcal
[description not available]		01.9610
Meningitis
Inflammation of the coverings of the brain and/or spinal cord, which consist of the PIA MATER; ARACHNOID; and DURA MATER. Infections (viral, bacterial, and fungal) are the most common causes of this condition, but subarachnoid hemorrhage (HEMORRHAGES, SUBARACHNOID), chemical irritation (chemical MENINGITIS), granulomatous conditions, neoplastic conditions (CARCINOMATOUS MENINGITIS), and other inflammatory conditions may produce this syndrome. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1994, Ch24, p6)		06.9610
Staphylococcal Infections
Infections with bacteria of the genus STAPHYLOCOCCUS.		01.9610
Brain Disorders
[description not available]		01.9610
Brain Diseases
Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.		01.9610
Kidney Diseases
Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.		03.2820
Chronic Illness
[description not available]		03.2820
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
[description not available]		01.9610
Chronic Disease
Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).		03.2820
Prostatitis
Infiltration of inflammatory cells into the parenchyma of PROSTATE. The subtypes are classified by their varied laboratory analysis, clinical presentation and response to treatment.		01.9610
Bronchitis
Inflammation of the large airways in the lung including any part of the BRONCHI, from the PRIMARY BRONCHI to the TERTIARY BRONCHI.		07.8810
Toxoplasmosis, Animal
Acquired infection of non-human animals by organisms of the genus TOXOPLASMA.		01.9710
Recrudescence
[description not available]		01.9710
Urinary Tract Diseases
[description not available]		01.9710
Urinary Tract Infections
Inflammatory responses of the epithelium of the URINARY TRACT to microbial invasions. They are often bacterial infections with associated BACTERIURIA and PYURIA.		01.9710
Enteric Fever
[description not available]		01.9610
Typhoid Fever
An acute systemic febrile infection caused by SALMONELLA TYPHI, a serotype of SALMONELLA ENTERICA.		06.9610