rupatadine profile

rupatadine: structure given in first source; RN given refers to trihydrochloride [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	133017
CHEMBL ID	91397
CHEBI ID	135673
SCHEMBL ID	27703
MeSH ID	M0270941

Synonym
AC-4726
ur-12592
CHEMBL91397 ,
bdbm50036935
8-chloro-11-[1-(5-methyl-pyridin-3-ylmethyl)-piperidin-4-ylidene]-6,11-dihydro-5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine
rinialer
rupax
rupatadine (inn)
D07407
158876-82-5
rupatadine
CHEBI:135673
FT-0656455
pafinur
rupatadine [inn]
5h-benzo(5,6)cyclohepta(1,2-b)pyridine, 8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-11-(1-((5-methyl-3-pyridinyl)methyl)-4-piperidinylidene)-
unii-2ae8m83g3e
2ae8m83g3e ,
8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-11-(1-((5-methyl-3-pyridyl)methyl)-4-piperidylidene)-5h-benzo(5,6)cyclohepta(1,2-b)pyridine
8-chloro-11-(1-((5-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl)piperidin-4-ylidene)-6,11-dihydro-5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine
AKOS015907788
rupatadine [mi]
rupatadine [who-dd]
rupatadine [mart.]
8-chloro-11-(1-[(5-methyl-3-pyridyl)methyl]-4-piperidyliden)-6,11-dihydro-5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine
WUZYKBABMWJHDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SCHEMBL27703
CS-3481
Q-201687
HY-13511
DTXSID00166534
sr-01000945073
SR-01000945073-1
13-chloro-2-[1-[(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-ylidene]-4-azatricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1(11),3(8),4,6,12,14-hexaene
DB11614
rupatidine
8-chloro-11-{1-[(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-ylidene}-6,11-dihydro-5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine
8-chloro-11-[1-[(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-ylidene]-5,6-dihydrobenzo[1,2]cyclohepta[2,4-b]pyridine
Q423450
ur12592
gtpl10103
BCP02444
rupatadine free base
rupafi
SB17506
NCGC00386213-04
5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine, 8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-11-[1-[(5-methyl-3-pyridinyl)methyl]-4-piperidinylidene]-
A883340
8-chloro-6,11-dihydro-11-[1-[(5-methyl-3-pyridyl)methyl]-4-piperidylidene]-5h-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine;
13-chloro-2-[1-[(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-ylidene]-4-azatricyclo[9.4.0.0^{3,8]pentadeca-1(11),3(8),4,6,12,14-hexaene
EN300-1272665
13-chloro-2-{1-[(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)methyl]piperidin-4-ylidene}-4-azatricyclo[9.4.0.0,3,8]pentadeca-1(11),3(8),4,6,12,14-hexaene
F77181
Z2681891941

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Rupatadine is a potent histamine receptor 1 (H1R) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) blocker."	( Therapeutic effect of rupatadine against l-arginine-induced acute pancreatitis in rats: role of inflammation. Khalaf, HM; Mohamed, MZ; Mohammed, HH, 2022)	1.76
"Rupatadine is a novel non-sedating second-generation H"	( Efficacy and safety of rupatadine in Japanese patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis: A double-blind, randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Aoki, H; Okubo, K; Suzuki, T; Tanaka, A, 2019)	2.27
"Rupatadine is a novel H1 antihistamine with platelet-activating factor antagonist activity. "	( Long-term safety and efficacy of rupatadine in Japanese patients with itching due to chronic spontaneous urticaria, dermatitis, or pruritus: A 12-month, multicenter, open-label clinical trial. Aoki, H; Hide, M; Suzuki, T; Tanaka, A, 2019)	2.24
"Rupatadine fumarate is a second-generation antihistamine provided with a potent, long-lasting and balanced in vivo dual platelet-activating factor (PAF) and histamine antagonist activity and it uniquely combines both activities at a high level of potency. "	( Rupatadine for the treatment of urticaria. Calogiuri, GF; Delle Donne, P; Di Leo, E; Ferrannini, A; Nettis, E; Vacca, A, 2013)	3.28
"Rupatadine is a selective non-sedating H1 -antihistamine approved for the treatment of CsU."	( Clinical effectiveness and safety of cetirizine versus rupatadine in chronic spontaneous urticaria: a randomized, double-blind, 6-week trial. Dakhale, GN; Hiware, SK; Mahatme, MS; Mishra, DB; Mukhi, JI; Salve, AM; Shinde, AT, 2014)	1.37
"Rupatadine (RUP) is an oral antihistamine and platelet-activating factor antagonist and is shown as the substrate of CYP3A5 and P-gp. "	( CYP3A5*3 and MDR1 C3435T are influencing factors of inter-subject variability in rupatadine pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese volunteers. Huang, S; Li, X; Liu, M; Xia, C; Xiong, Y; Yang, J; Yuan, Z; Zhang, H, 2016)	2.1
"Rupatadine is a new, second-generation, selective oral H1-antihistamine."	( Rupatadine relieves allergic rhinitis: a prospective observational study. Eloy, P; Imschoot, J; Tobback, L, 2015)	2.58
"Rupatadine is a second-generation H1-antihistamine with dual affinity for histamine H1 and PAF receptors. "	( Rupatadine: global safety evaluation in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Bachert, C; González-Núñez, V; Mullol, J, 2016)	3.32
"Rupatadine is a safe and well tolerated drug in patients over 2 years old, with no central nervous system or cardiovascular effects and it can be taken with or without foods."	( Rupatadine: global safety evaluation in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Bachert, C; González-Núñez, V; Mullol, J, 2016)	2.6
"Rupatadine is a marketed second generation antihistamine, with anti-PAF activity, indicated for symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. "	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Cognitive Function Profile of Rupatadine 10, 20 and 40 mg in Healthy Japanese Subjects: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial. Ferber, G; Fernandes, S; Izquierdo, I; Lorch, U; Santamaría, E; Täubel, J, 2016)	2.12
"Rupatadine is an antihistamine with a demonstrated anti-PAF effect, although its capacity to inhibit PAF-induced MC degranulation has not been fully evaluated."	( Effects of Rupatadine on Platelet- Activating Factor-Induced Human Mast Cell Degranulation Compared With Desloratadine and Levocetirizine (The MASPAF Study). Ainsua-Enrich, E; Bartra, J; Martin, M; Mullol, J; Munoz-Cano, R; Picado, C; Sánchez-Lopez, J; Torres-Atencio, I; Valero, A, )	1.24
"Rupatadine is a once-daily non-sedative, selective, long-acting H1 anti-histamine with antagonistic PAF effects through its interaction with specific receptors."	( Pharmacological profile, efficacy and safety of rupatadine in allergic rhinitis. Katiyar, S; Prakash, S, 2009)	1.33
"Rupatadine is a new oral antihistaminic agent used for the management of allergic inflammatory conditions, such as rhinitis and chronic urticaria. "	( Antihistaminic effects of rupatadine and PKPD modelling. Carbo, ML; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, )	1.87
"Rupatadine is an oral active antihistamine and platelet-activating factor antagonist indicated for the management of allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria in Europe."	( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of rupatadine when coadministered with azithromycin at steady-state levels: a randomized, open-label, two-way, crossover, Phase I study. Antonijoan, R; Barbanoj, M; Carbó, ML; Donado, E; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2008)	2.06
"Rupatadine is a second generation antihistamine with increased affinity to histamine receptor H1; it is also a potent PAF (platelet-activating factor) antagonist."	( Futura study: evaluation of efficacy and safety of rupatadine fumarate in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis. Antila, M; Campos, RA; Castro, FM; Chavarria, ML; de Mello Junior, JF; de Mello, JF; Di Gesu, G; Guimarães, RE; Mion, Ode G; Mocellin, M; Rapoport, PB; Rosario, N; Solé, D; Wexler, L, )	1.1
"Rupatadine is a dual antagonist of both histamine and platelet-activating factor."	( Rupatadine and its effects on symptom control, stimulation time, and temperature thresholds in patients with acquired cold urticaria. Ferrán, M; Giménez-Arnau, A; Izquierdo, I; Maurer, M; Metz, M; Scholz, E, 2010)	2.52
"Rupatadine is a new antihistamine with potential antiallergic activities."	( Rupatadine improves nasal symptoms, airflow and inflammation in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis: a pilot study. Ciprandi, G; Cirillo, I, )	2.3
"Rupatadine is a new H(1)-antihistamine which also inhibits platelet activating factor (PAF) release and has been shown to be clinically effective at doses of 10 mg."	( Rupatadine does not potentiate the CNS depressant effects of lorazepam: randomized, double-blind, crossover, repeated dose, placebo-controlled study. Antonijoan, RM; Ballester, MR; Barbanoj, MJ; Donado, E; García-Gea, C; Izquierdo, I; Martínez, J, 2010)	2.52
"Rupatadine is a better choice for seasonal allergic rhinitis compared with levocetirizine because of its better efficacy and safety profile."	( Rupatadine and levocetirizine for seasonal allergic rhinitis: a comparative study of efficacy and safety. Allala, U; Jaida, J; Maiti, R; Palani, A; Rahman, J, 2010)	3.25
"Rupatadine is a better choice in CIU in comparison to levocetirizine due to better efficacy and safety profile."	( Rupatadine and levocetirizine in chronic idiopathic urticaria: a comparative study of efficacy and safety. Ahmed, I; Goud, P; Jaida, J; Maiti, R; Palani, A; Raghavendra, BN, 2011)	3.25
"Rupatadine is a new antihistamine effective in allergic rhinitis and urticaria, but the effect on mosquito-bite allergy is not known."	( Rupatadine 10 mg in the treatment of immediate mosquito-bite allergy. Brummer-Korvenkontio, H; Izquierdo, I; Karppinen, A; Reunala, T, 2012)	2.54
"Rupatadine is a new second-generation antihistamine with H(1) receptor antagonist activity and platelet-activating factor antagonist properties. "	( The effect of rupatadine on lung histopathology in a murine model of chronic asthma. Bagriyanik, AH; Firinci, F; Karaman, M; Karaman, O; Kiray, M; Tuncel, T; Uysal, P; Uzuner, N; Yilmaz, O, 2013)	2.19
"Rupatadine is a new agent for the management of diseases with allergic inflammatory conditions, such as seasonal and perennial rhinitis. "	( Rupatadine: a new selective histamine H1 receptor and platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist. A review of pharmacological profile and clinical management of allergic rhinitis. García-Rafanell, J; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M, 2003)	3.2
"Rupatadine is a new second generation H(1)-antihistamine with once-daily dosing that may provide better control of symptoms than the currently used H(1)-receptor blockers because of its dual pharmacological profile (anti-PAF and anti-H(1))."	( Rupatadine 10 mg and ebastine 10 mg in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a comparison study. Castillo, JA; De Molina, M; Guadaño, EM; Meseguer, J; Picado, C; Serra-Batlles, J; Valero, A, 2004)	2.49
"Rupatadine (RUP) is a new H(1)-antihistamine which also inhibits platelet activating factor (PAF) release in inflammatory reactions."	( Evaluation of the cognitive, psychomotor and pharmacokinetic profiles of rupatadine, hydroxyzine and cetirizine, in combination with alcohol, in healthy volunteers. Antonijoan, R; Barbanoj, MJ; Donado, E; García-Gea, C; Izquierdo, I; Jané, F; Pérez, I; Solans, A, 2006)	1.29
"Rupatadine is a novel compound with potent dual antihistamine and platelet-activating factor antagonist activities and no sedative effects."	( Effects of rupatadine vs placebo on allergen-induced symptoms in patients exposed to aeroallergens in the Vienna Challenge Chamber. Arnáiz, E; Horak, F; Izquierdo, I; Leuratti, C; Pérez, I; Stuebner, P; Zieglmayer, R, 2006)	2.17
"Rupatadine is a once-daily, non-sedating, selective and long-acting new drug with a strong antagonist activity towards both histamine H(1) receptors and platelet-activating factor receptors. "	( Rupatadine: pharmacological profile and its use in the treatment of allergic disorders. Picado, C, 2006)	3.22
"Rupatadine is a new potent nonsedative anti-H1."	( Rupatadine in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicentre study. Arnaiz, E; Donado, E; Gimenez-Arnau, A; Ianosi, S; Izquierdo, I; Kaszuba, A; Malbran, A; Perez, I; Poop, G; Pujol, RM, 2007)	2.5
"Rupatadine 10 mg is a fast, long-acting, efficacious and safe treatment option for the management of patients with moderate-to-severe CIU."	( Rupatadine in the treatment of chronic idiopathic urticaria: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled multicentre study. Arnaiz, E; Donado, E; Gimenez-Arnau, A; Ianosi, S; Izquierdo, I; Kaszuba, A; Malbran, A; Perez, I; Poop, G; Pujol, RM, 2007)	3.23
"Rupatadine fumarate is a potent, selective, histamine H(1)-receptor antagonist and PAF inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy for the relief of allergic rhinitis. "	( Lack of effects between rupatadine 10 mg and placebo on actual driving performance of healthy volunteers. Jolles, J; Theunissen, E; van Leeuwen, C; van Oers, A; Vuurman, E, 2007)	2.09
"Rupatadine is an oral active antihistamine for the management of diseases with allergic inflammatory conditions, such as perennial and seasonal rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. "	( Influence of food on the oral bioavailability of rupatadine tablets in healthy volunteers: a single-dose, randomized, open-label, two-way crossover study. Carbó, ML; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2007)	2.04

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Rupatadine has a rapid onset of action and a long-lasting effect, so a once-daily dosing is permitted, moreover is well tolerated by young adults and the elders."	( Rupatadine for the treatment of urticaria. Calogiuri, GF; Delle Donne, P; Di Leo, E; Ferrannini, A; Nettis, E; Vacca, A, 2013)	2.55
"Rupatadine has a suppressing effect on H1R and B2R gene expression which could add to its efficacy towards allergy and allergy-like conditions."	( Rupatadine effectively prevents the histamine-induced up regulation of histamine H1R and bradykinin B2R receptor gene expression in the rat paw. Dedi, H; Goulas, A; Kalokasidis, K; Karkavelas, G; Mirtsou, V; Molyva, D; Poulios, C, 2014)	3.29
"Rupatadine has a rapid onset of action, and its long-lasting effect (>24 h) permits once-daily dosing."	( Rupatadine: a new selective histamine H1 receptor and platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist. A review of pharmacological profile and clinical management of allergic rhinitis. García-Rafanell, J; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M, 2003)	2.48
"Rupatadine has a rapid onset of action and a long-lasting effect, so a once-daily dosing is permitted, moreover is well tolerated by young adults and the elders."	( Rupatadine for the treatment of urticaria. Calogiuri, GF; Delle Donne, P; Di Leo, E; Ferrannini, A; Nettis, E; Vacca, A, 2013)	2.55
"Rupatadine has a suppressing effect on H1R and B2R gene expression which could add to its efficacy towards allergy and allergy-like conditions."	( Rupatadine effectively prevents the histamine-induced up regulation of histamine H1R and bradykinin B2R receptor gene expression in the rat paw. Dedi, H; Goulas, A; Kalokasidis, K; Karkavelas, G; Mirtsou, V; Molyva, D; Poulios, C, 2014)	3.29
"Rupatadine has dual affinity for histamine H1 -receptors and PAF receptors."	( Update on rupatadine in the management of allergic disorders. Bachert, C; Bousquet, J; Canonica, GW; Giménez-Arnau, A; Kowalski, ML; Maurer, M; Mullol, J; Ryan, D; Scadding, G; Simons, FE, 2015)	1.54
"Rupatadine has a rapid onset of action, and its long-lasting effect (>24 h) permits once-daily dosing."	( Rupatadine: a new selective histamine H1 receptor and platelet-activating factor (PAF) antagonist. A review of pharmacological profile and clinical management of allergic rhinitis. García-Rafanell, J; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M, 2003)	2.48
"Oral rupatadine has been approved for the treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic urticaria in adults and adolescents in several European countries."	( Influence of food on the oral bioavailability of rupatadine tablets in healthy volunteers: a single-dose, randomized, open-label, two-way crossover study. Carbó, ML; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2007)	1.05

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Rupatadine can inhibit histamine and cytokine secretion from human mast cells in response to allergic, immune and neuropeptide triggers. "	( Rupatadine inhibits proinflammatory mediator secretion from human mast cells triggered by different stimuli. Chliva, C; Clemons, A; House, M; Kalogeromitros, D; Kempuraj, D; Makris, M; Theoharides, TC; Vasiadi, M; Wolfberg, A; Zhang, B, 2010)	3.25

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Rupatadine pretreatment reduced the previously mentioned parameters, preserved a nearly normal intestinal mucosa picture with replenished GSH and elevated IL-10."	( Rupatadine protects the intestinal mucosa from injury by 5-flurouracil via modulation of inflammation, apoptosis and intestinal permeability. Mohamed, MZ; Mohammed, HH, 2022)	2.89
"Rupatadine treatment induced significant symptom relief (both nasal and ocular, respectively p=0.005 and p=0.0004), including obstruction (p=0.0015) and significant increase of nasal airflow (p=0.0025)."	( Rupatadine improves nasal symptoms, airflow and inflammation in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis: a pilot study. Ciprandi, G; Cirillo, I, )	2.3
"Rupatadine treatment is effective and well tolerated in patients with allergen-induced symptoms exposed to aeroallergens in a controlled exposure chamber."	( Effects of rupatadine vs placebo on allergen-induced symptoms in patients exposed to aeroallergens in the Vienna Challenge Chamber. Arnáiz, E; Horak, F; Izquierdo, I; Leuratti, C; Pérez, I; Stuebner, P; Zieglmayer, R, 2006)	2.17
"Pretreatment with rupatadine has a beneficial effect on acute lung injury induced by oleic acid in rabbits."	( [Protective effect of rupatadine against oleic acid-induced acute lung injury in rabbits]. He, JL; Lu, J; Xu, GL; Yu, SQ; Zhang, LL; Zhou, M, 2007)	0.98

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" All treatments were well tolerated and no serious adverse events were recorded."	( A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study, comparing the efficacy and safety of rupatadine (20 and 10 mg), a new PAF and H1 receptor-specific histamine antagonist, to loratadine 10 mg in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Dumur, JP; Izquierdo, I; Pérez, I; Saint-Martin, F, 2004)	0.55
"The present results suggest that rupatadine 10 mg a day may be a valuable and safe alternative for the symptomatic treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis."	( A randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study, comparing the efficacy and safety of rupatadine (20 and 10 mg), a new PAF and H1 receptor-specific histamine antagonist, to loratadine 10 mg in the treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Dumur, JP; Izquierdo, I; Pérez, I; Saint-Martin, F, 2004)	0.83
" Tolerability was based on the recording of adverse events (AEs), physical examination, electrocardiograms, and laboratory screen controls at baseline and the final study visit."	( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of rupatadine when coadministered with azithromycin at steady-state levels: a randomized, open-label, two-way, crossover, Phase I study. Antonijoan, R; Barbanoj, M; Carbó, ML; Donado, E; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2008)	0.62
"Rupatadine (Rupafin), a novel antihistamine approved recently in Europe for the treatment of allergic rhinitis (AR) and chronic idiopathic urticaria in patients aged>or=12 years, has been shown to be highly efficacious, and as safe and well tolerated as other commonly employed antihistamines in the treatment of allergic disease."	( Safety of rupatadine administered over a period of 1 year in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis: a multicentre, open-label study in Spain. Antépara, I; Borja, J; Castillo, JA; de la Torre, F; del Cuvillo, A; Donado, E; Izquierdo, I; Molà, O; Rivas, P; Valero, A, 2009)	2.2
" Safety was assessed by means of adverse events (AEs) reported by patients or detected by investigators, scheduled centralized ECG with special attention to Bazzet corrected QT interval (QTcB) and standard laboratory investigations."	( Safety of rupatadine administered over a period of 1 year in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis: a multicentre, open-label study in Spain. Antépara, I; Borja, J; Castillo, JA; de la Torre, F; del Cuvillo, A; Donado, E; Izquierdo, I; Molà, O; Rivas, P; Valero, A, 2009)	0.76
" Adverse events occurred in 19."	( Futura study: evaluation of efficacy and safety of rupatadine fumarate in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis. Antila, M; Campos, RA; Castro, FM; Chavarria, ML; de Mello Junior, JF; de Mello, JF; Di Gesu, G; Guimarães, RE; Mion, Ode G; Mocellin, M; Rapoport, PB; Rosario, N; Solé, D; Wexler, L, )	0.38
"rupatadine effectively controls persistent allergic rhinitis; it is safe and presents low incidence of side effects."	( Futura study: evaluation of efficacy and safety of rupatadine fumarate in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis. Antila, M; Campos, RA; Castro, FM; Chavarria, ML; de Mello Junior, JF; de Mello, JF; Di Gesu, G; Guimarães, RE; Mion, Ode G; Mocellin, M; Rapoport, PB; Rosario, N; Solé, D; Wexler, L, )	1.83
" Incidence of adverse effects was less in the rupatadine group compared with the levocetirizine group."	( Rupatadine and levocetirizine for seasonal allergic rhinitis: a comparative study of efficacy and safety. Allala, U; Jaida, J; Maiti, R; Palani, A; Rahman, J, 2010)	2.06
" The overall incidence of adverse drug reactions was also found to be less in rupatadine group."	( Rupatadine and levocetirizine in chronic idiopathic urticaria: a comparative study of efficacy and safety. Ahmed, I; Goud, P; Jaida, J; Maiti, R; Palani, A; Raghavendra, BN, 2011)	2.04
"The review of these data indicates that rupatadine is highly selective for histamine H1-receptors, exhibits additional PAF antagonism in in vitro and in vivo studies, does not cross the blood-brain barrier, and has similar adverse events comparable with other second-generation antihistamines."	( Rupatadine: global safety evaluation in allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Bachert, C; González-Núñez, V; Mullol, J, 2016)	2.14
" The safety assessments showed that all treatment related side effects were of mild intensity and there were no serious adverse events (SAEs) or withdrawals due to treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) in this study."	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Cognitive Function Profile of Rupatadine 10, 20 and 40 mg in Healthy Japanese Subjects: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial. Ferber, G; Fernandes, S; Izquierdo, I; Lorch, U; Santamaría, E; Täubel, J, 2016)	0.68
"This study demonstrated that rupatadine is safe and well tolerated by Japanese healthy subjects."	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Cognitive Function Profile of Rupatadine 10, 20 and 40 mg in Healthy Japanese Subjects: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial. Ferber, G; Fernandes, S; Izquierdo, I; Lorch, U; Santamaría, E; Täubel, J, 2016)	0.97
" No noteworthy dose-related increase in the incidence of adverse drug reactions was observed."	( Efficacy and safety of rupatadine in Japanese adult and adolescent patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria: A double-blind, randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Aoki, H; Hide, M; Suzuki, T; Tanaka, A, 2019)	0.82
" Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) were reported at an overall incidence of 18."	( Long-term safety and efficacy of rupatadine in Japanese patients with itching due to chronic spontaneous urticaria, dermatitis, or pruritus: A 12-month, multicenter, open-label clinical trial. Aoki, H; Hide, M; Suzuki, T; Tanaka, A, 2019)	0.8

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" Except for maximum observed concentration during a dosing interval (Cmax,ss) of 3-hydroxydesloratadine, on average, there were no statistically significant differences in mean plasma concentrations in any of the main pharmacokinetic parameters of rupatadine, desloratadine, and 3-hydroxydesloratadine when administered in combination with azithromycin or alone."	( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of rupatadine when coadministered with azithromycin at steady-state levels: a randomized, open-label, two-way, crossover, Phase I study. Antonijoan, R; Barbanoj, M; Carbó, ML; Donado, E; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2008)	0.8
" The method has been successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of rupatadine and its major metabolite after oral administration of 10, 20 and 40mg rupatadine tablets to healthy Chinese volunteers."	( Simultaneous determination of rupatadine and its metabolite desloratadine in human plasma by a sensitive LC-MS/MS method: application to the pharmacokinetic study in healthy Chinese volunteers. Fan, G; Hong, Z; Wei, H; Wen, J; Wu, Y, 2009)	0.87
" The relationship between RUP plasma concentration, pharmacokinetic parameters, and polymorphic alleles (CYP3A5 and MDR1) were assessed."	( CYP3A5*3 and MDR1 C3435T are influencing factors of inter-subject variability in rupatadine pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese volunteers. Huang, S; Li, X; Liu, M; Xia, C; Xiong, Y; Yang, J; Yuan, Z; Zhang, H, 2016)	0.66
" The method was successfully applied to a pharmacokinetic study of RT and its two metabolite DT and 3-OH-DT in healthy volunteers following single (10, 20, 40 mg) and multiple (10 mg) oral doses of rupatadine fumarate tablets."	( Development of a highly sensitive LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of rupatadine and its two active metabolites in human plasma: Application to a clinical pharmacokinetic study. Ding, L; Gu, P; Li, Q; Liu, B; Pan, L; Sun, C; Wu, C; Zhang, J, 2015)	0.83
"Exposure to rupatadine as measured by Cmax and AUC was found to increase in a dose dependent manner over the dose range of 10-40 mg for both single and multiple dose administration."	( Pharmacokinetics, Safety and Cognitive Function Profile of Rupatadine 10, 20 and 40 mg in Healthy Japanese Subjects: A Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial. Ferber, G; Fernandes, S; Izquierdo, I; Lorch, U; Santamaría, E; Täubel, J, 2016)	1.06
"To optimise a pharmacokinetic (PK) study design of rupatadine for 2-5 year olds by using a population PK model developed with data from a study in 6-11 year olds."	( Population pharmacokinetic modelling of rupatadine solution in 6-11 year olds and optimisation of the experimental design in younger children. Estévez, JA; Izquierdo, I; Riba, J; Santamaría, E; Valle, M, 2017)	0.97
"5 mg, as it provided a Cmax below the 3 ng/ml threshold."	( Population pharmacokinetic modelling of rupatadine solution in 6-11 year olds and optimisation of the experimental design in younger children. Estévez, JA; Izquierdo, I; Riba, J; Santamaría, E; Valle, M, 2017)	0.72

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Present results showed that single oral doses of rupatadine 10 mg in combination with alcohol do not produce more cognitive and psychomotor impairment than alcohol alone."	( Evaluation of the cognitive, psychomotor and pharmacokinetic profiles of rupatadine, hydroxyzine and cetirizine, in combination with alcohol, in healthy volunteers. Antonijoan, R; Barbanoj, MJ; Donado, E; García-Gea, C; Izquierdo, I; Jané, F; Pérez, I; Solans, A, 2006)	0.82
" Except for maximum observed concentration during a dosing interval (Cmax,ss) of 3-hydroxydesloratadine, on average, there were no statistically significant differences in mean plasma concentrations in any of the main pharmacokinetic parameters of rupatadine, desloratadine, and 3-hydroxydesloratadine when administered in combination with azithromycin or alone."	( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of rupatadine when coadministered with azithromycin at steady-state levels: a randomized, open-label, two-way, crossover, Phase I study. Antonijoan, R; Barbanoj, M; Carbó, ML; Donado, E; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2008)	0.8
" This study aimed to observe the effect of rupatadine fumarate combined with acupoint application in the treatment of allergic rhinitis complicated with diabetes and its effect on serum IgE levels."	( Efficacy and Safety of Rupatadine Fumarate Combined with Acupoint Application in Allergic Rhinitis Complicated with Diabetes. Chen, X; Jiang, P; Liu, Y; Shi, J; Zhang, W, 2022)	1.29

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The purpose of this study was to describe the effect of the concomitant intake of food on the pharmacokinetic profile and bioavailability of a single dose of rupatadine."	( Influence of food on the oral bioavailability of rupatadine tablets in healthy volunteers: a single-dose, randomized, open-label, two-way crossover study. Carbó, ML; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2007)	0.79
" The 90% CIs were included in the interval 80% to 125% for desloratadine and 3-hydroxydesloratadine, whereas 90% CI for rupatadine was shifted to the right of the interval used for comparing bioavailability of the drugs."	( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of rupatadine when coadministered with azithromycin at steady-state levels: a randomized, open-label, two-way, crossover, Phase I study. Antonijoan, R; Barbanoj, M; Carbó, ML; Donado, E; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2008)	0.83
" The significant interindividual differences of CYP3A5 and P-gp often cause bioavailability differences of some clinical drugs."	( CYP3A5*3 and MDR1 C3435T are influencing factors of inter-subject variability in rupatadine pharmacokinetics in healthy Chinese volunteers. Huang, S; Li, X; Liu, M; Xia, C; Xiong, Y; Yang, J; Yuan, Z; Zhang, H, 2016)	0.66

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
" Rupatadine is a new second generation H(1)-antihistamine with once-daily dosing that may provide better control of symptoms than the currently used H(1)-receptor blockers because of its dual pharmacological profile (anti-PAF and anti-H(1))."	( Rupatadine 10 mg and ebastine 10 mg in seasonal allergic rhinitis: a comparison study. Castillo, JA; De Molina, M; Guadaño, EM; Meseguer, J; Picado, C; Serra-Batlles, J; Valero, A, 2004)	2.68
"A stability-indicating MEKC was developed and validated for the analysis of rupatadine in tablet dosage forms, using nimesulide as internal standard."	( Determination of rupatadine in pharmaceutical formulations by a validated stability-indicating MEKC method. da Silva Sangoi, M; da Silva, LM; Dalmora, SL; Nogueira, DR; Todeschini, V, 2008)	0.92
" The simulated response after repeated once-daily administrations of 10 mg rupatadine showed a significant and maintained antihistaminic effect over time, between two consecutive dosing intervals."	( Antihistaminic effects of rupatadine and PKPD modelling. Carbo, ML; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, )	0.66
" Except for maximum observed concentration during a dosing interval (Cmax,ss) of 3-hydroxydesloratadine, on average, there were no statistically significant differences in mean plasma concentrations in any of the main pharmacokinetic parameters of rupatadine, desloratadine, and 3-hydroxydesloratadine when administered in combination with azithromycin or alone."	( Pharmacokinetic and safety profile of rupatadine when coadministered with azithromycin at steady-state levels: a randomized, open-label, two-way, crossover, Phase I study. Antonijoan, R; Barbanoj, M; Carbó, ML; Donado, E; Izquierdo, I; Merlos, M; Nadal, T; Peña, J; Solans, A, 2008)	0.8
" Flares were induced before dosing and up to 96 h afterwards by intradermal PAF and histamine."	( Efficacy and tolerability of rupatadine at four times the recommended dose against histamine- and platelet-activating factor-induced flare responses and ex vivo platelet aggregation in healthy males. Church, MK, 2010)	0.65
" Rupatadine has a rapid onset of action and a long-lasting effect, so a once-daily dosing is permitted, moreover is well tolerated by young adults and the elders."	( Rupatadine for the treatment of urticaria. Calogiuri, GF; Delle Donne, P; Di Leo, E; Ferrannini, A; Nettis, E; Vacca, A, 2013)	2.74
" The developed methods were applied to estimate rupatadine content in its pharmaceutical tablet dosage form with acceptable recoveries."	( Resonance Rayleigh scattering and spectrofluorimetric approaches for the selective determination of rupatadine using erythrosin B as a probe: application to content uniformity test. Abdel-Lateef, MA; Almahri, A; Derayea, SM; El Hamd, MA; Samir, E, 2021)	1.09

Class	Description
benzocycloheptapyridine
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
Rupatadine H1-Antihistamine Action	8	7

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Spike glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus	Potency	39.8107	0.0096	10.5250	35.4813	AID1479145
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	3.7000	0.0003	0.6318	3.7000	AID254775
Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	0.0039	0.0000	0.4436	5.1768	AID254701
Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)	Ki	0.0040	0.0000	0.5110	10.0000	AID1569605
Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)	IC50 (µMol)	40.0000	4.0000	4.0000	4.0000	AID1169507
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
positive regulation of cellular extravasation	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
chemotaxis	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
immune response	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
parturition	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to symbiotic bacterium	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of interleukin-6 production	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
inositol trisphosphate biosynthetic process	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of neutrophil degranulation	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
transcytosis	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of translation	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
negative regulation of blood pressure	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of inositol phosphate biosynthetic process	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to gravity	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to cAMP	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to fatty acid	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
response to dexamethasone	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of leukocyte tethering or rolling	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of transcytosis	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of maternal process involved in parturition	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
inflammatory response	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
memory	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
visual learning	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of vascular permeability	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
positive regulation of vasoconstriction	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
regulation of synaptic plasticity	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cellular response to histamine	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor signaling pathway	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway, coupled to cyclic nucleotide second messenger	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
chemical synaptic transmission	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid transmembrane transport	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transport	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid transport	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
neutral amino acid transport	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
L-leucine transport	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
proline transport	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
carboxylic acid transmembrane transport	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
sodium ion transmembrane transport	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
lipopolysaccharide binding	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
lipopolysaccharide immune receptor activity	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled receptor activity	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
platelet activating factor receptor activity	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
phospholipid binding	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
mitogen-activated protein kinase binding	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor activity	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
histamine receptor activity	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
G protein-coupled serotonin receptor activity	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter receptor activity	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
neutral L-amino acid:sodium symporter activity	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
neurotransmitter transmembrane transporter activity	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
protein binding	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
amino acid transmembrane transporter activity	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
branched-chain amino acid:sodium symporter activity	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
proline:sodium symporter activity	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Process	via Protein(s)	Taxonomy
plasma membrane	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
secretory granule membrane	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
tertiary granule membrane	Platelet-activating factor receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
cytosol	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
synapse	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
dendrite	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Histamine H1 receptor	Homo sapiens (human)
virion membrane	Spike glycoprotein	Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus
plasma membrane	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
membrane	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
plasma membrane	Sodium-dependent neutral amino acid transporter B(0)AT2	Homo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID130606	Dose required to inhibit PAF-induced mortality	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID183446	Tested for dose required to inhibit antigen induced increased permeability	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID1569608	Displacement of [3H]levocetirizine from N-terminal HA-tagged H1R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293T cells assessed as dissociation rate constant by microbeta scintillation counting method	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-25, Volume: 62, Issue:14	Route to Prolonged Residence Time at the Histamine H
AID192816	Tested at 10 (mg/kg) intravenous dose for percent inhibition of the arterial blood pressure in normotensive rats caused by histamine	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID1569611	Antagonist activity at H1R in human HeLa cells assessed as inhibition of histamine-induced intracellular calcium mobilization at 10 times Ki incubated for 18 to 20 hrs prior to Fluo-4NW dye addition for 1 hr followed by compound washout and subsequent sti	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-25, Volume: 62, Issue:14	Route to Prolonged Residence Time at the Histamine H
AID1569606	Displacement of [3H]mepyramine from N-terminal HA-tagged H1R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293T cells measured after 80 mins by microbeta scintillation counting method	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-25, Volume: 62, Issue:14	Route to Prolonged Residence Time at the Histamine H
AID462891	Inhibition of protein farnesyltransferase by continuous fluorescence assay	2010	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-25, Volume: 53, Issue:6	Prediction and evaluation of protein farnesyltransferase inhibition by commercial drugs.
AID1569605	Displacement of [3H]mepyramine from N-terminal HA-tagged H1R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293T cells measured after 4 hrs by microbeta scintillation counting method	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-25, Volume: 62, Issue:14	Route to Prolonged Residence Time at the Histamine H
AID183460	Intravenous dose required to reduce the lowering of the arterial blood pressure caused by PAF	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID76375	Tested for concentration required to inhibit H1 histamine -induced guinea pig ileum contraction	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID1569609	Displacement of [3H]levocetirizine from N-terminal HA-tagged H1R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293T cells assessed as residence time by microbeta scintillation counting method	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-25, Volume: 62, Issue:14	Route to Prolonged Residence Time at the Histamine H
AID183447	Tested for dose required to inhibit endotoxin induced mortality in rats	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID161773	Concentration required to inhibit PAF-induced maximum aggregation	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID130607	Tested for dose required to inhibit endotoxin induced mortality in mice	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID140564	Tested for effect on central nervous system in mice at 100 mg/kg peroral dose for spontaneous motor activity (SMA) expressed as percentage relative to control	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID254701	Inhibitory concentration against histamine H1 receptor	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Designed multiple ligands. An emerging drug discovery paradigm.
AID1169507	Inhibition of eGFP-tagged human B0AT2 expressed in HEK293 cells measured within 10 mins by [3H]proline uptake assay	2014	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Nov-26, Volume: 57, Issue:22	Loratadine and analogues: discovery and preliminary structure-activity relationship of inhibitors of the amino acid transporter B(0)AT2.
AID254775	Inhibitory concentration against platelet activating factor receptor	2005	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Oct-20, Volume: 48, Issue:21	Designed multiple ligands. An emerging drug discovery paradigm.
AID130468	Antiallergic activity was evaluated using active anaphylactic test after po administration in mice	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID139398	Tested for effect on central nervous system in mice at 100 mg/kg peroral dose barbiturate-sleeping time (BST)	1994	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug-19, Volume: 37, Issue:17	[(3-Pyridylalkyl)piperidylidene]benzocycloheptapyridine derivatives as dual antagonists of PAF and histamine.
AID1569610	Kinetic rate index, ratio of compound effect for displacement of [3H]levocetirizine from N-terminal HA-tagged H1R (unknown origin) expressed in HEK293T cells at Ki measured after 6 hrs to compound effect for displacement of [3H]levocetirizine from N-termi	2019	Journal of medicinal chemistry, 07-25, Volume: 62, Issue:14	Route to Prolonged Residence Time at the Histamine H
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	3 (2.80)	18.2507
2000's	33 (30.84)	29.6817
2010's	50 (46.73)	24.3611
2020's	21 (19.63)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	43 (37.07%)	5.53%
Reviews	17 (14.66%)	6.00%
Case Studies	4 (3.45%)	4.05%
Observational	2 (1.72%)	0.25%
Other	50 (43.10%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials	Classes	Roles
acetic acid Acetic Acid: Product of the oxidation of ethanol and of the destructive distillation of wood. It is used locally, occasionally internally, as a counterirritant and also as a reagent. (Stedman, 26th ed). acetic acid : A simple monocarboxylic acid containing two carbons.	2.41	1	0	monocarboxylic acid	antimicrobial food preservative; Daphnia magna metabolite; food acidity regulator; protic solvent
formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.	2.48	2	0	monocarboxylic acid	antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent
histamine [no description available]	5.66	9	2	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.	2.21	1	0	elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity	antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	2.05	1	0	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
1-(1-naphthyl)piperazine 1-(1-naphthyl)piperazine: serotonin agonist; structure given in first source	3.12	1	0	N-arylpiperazine
acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group.	2.25	1	0	acetamides; phenols	antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic
alprazolam Alprazolam: A triazolobenzodiazepine compound with antianxiety and sedative-hypnotic actions, that is efficacious in the treatment of PANIC DISORDERS, with or without AGORAPHOBIA, and in generalized ANXIETY DISORDERS. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p238). alprazolam : A member of the class of triazolobenzodiazepines that is 4H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine carrying methyl, phenyl and chloro substituents at positions 1, 6 and 8 respectively. Alprazolam is only found in individuals that have taken this drug.	3.43	1	1	organochlorine compound; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA agonist; muscle relaxant; sedative; xenobiotic
azelastine azelastine: azeptin is azelastine hydrochloride; structure; eye drop formulation effective in relieving symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis; do not confuse with 5-loxin which is an extract of Boswellia. azelastine : A phthalazine compound having an oxo substituent at the 1-position, a 1-methylazepan-4-yl group at the 2-position and a 4-chlorobenzyl substituent at the 4-position.	3.19	1	0	monochlorobenzenes; phthalazines; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug; bronchodilator agent; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; H1-receptor antagonist; platelet aggregation inhibitor
celecoxib [no description available]	3.12	1	0	organofluorine compound; pyrazoles; sulfonamide; toluenes	cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
cetirizine Cetirizine: A potent second-generation histamine H1 antagonist that is effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis, chronic urticaria, and pollen-induced asthma. Unlike many traditional antihistamines, it does not cause drowsiness or anticholinergic side effects.. cetirizine : A member of the class of piperazines that is piperazine in which the hydrogens attached to nitrogen are replaced by a (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl and a 2-(carboxymethoxy)ethyl group respectively.	8.89	11	7	ether; monocarboxylic acid; monochlorobenzenes; piperazines	anti-allergic agent; environmental contaminant; H1-receptor antagonist; xenobiotic
clotrimazole [no description available]	2.05	1	0	conazole antifungal drug; imidazole antifungal drug; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes	antiinfective agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
cyproheptadine Cyproheptadine: A serotonin antagonist and a histamine H1 blocker used as antipruritic, appetite stimulant, antiallergic, and for the post-gastrectomy dumping syndrome, etc.. cyproheptadine : The product resulting from the formal oxidative coupling of position 5 of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptene with position 4 of 1-methylpiperidine resulting in the formation of a double bond between the two fragments. It is a sedating antihistamine with antimuscarinic and calcium-channel blocking actions. It is used (particularly as the hydrochloride sesquihydrate) for the relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis, conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, urticaria and angioedema, and in pruritic skin disorders. Unlike other antihistamines, it is also a seratonin receptor antagonist, making it useful in conditions such as vascular headache and anorexia.	15.65	100	39	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; antipruritic drug; gastrointestinal drug; H1-receptor antagonist; serotonergic antagonist
diazepam Diazepam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, sedative, muscle relaxant, and amnesic properties and a long duration of action. Its actions are mediated by enhancement of GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID activity.. diazepam : A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 5.	1.98	1	0	1,4-benzodiazepinone; organochlorine compound	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; environmental contaminant; sedative; xenobiotic
diphenhydramine Diphenhydramine: A histamine H1 antagonist used as an antiemetic, antitussive, for dermatoses and pruritus, for hypersensitivity reactions, as a hypnotic, an antiparkinson, and as an ingredient in common cold preparations. It has some undesired antimuscarinic and sedative effects.. diphenhydramine : An ether that is the benzhydryl ether of 2-(dimethylamino)ethanol. It is a H1-receptor antagonist used as a antipruritic and antitussive drug.. antitussive : An agent that suppresses cough. Antitussives have a central or a peripheral action on the cough reflex, or a combination of both. Compare with expectorants, which are considered to increase the volume of secretions in the respiratory tract, so facilitating their removal by ciliary action and coughing, and mucolytics, which decrease the viscosity of mucus, facilitating its removal by ciliary action and expectoration.	2.44	2	0	ether; tertiary amino compound	anti-allergic agent; antidyskinesia agent; antiemetic; antiparkinson drug; antipruritic drug; antitussive; H1-receptor antagonist; local anaesthetic; muscarinic antagonist; oneirogen; sedative
ebastine [no description available]	9.94	2	1	organic molecular entity
econazole Econazole: An imidazole derivative that is commonly used as a topical antifungal agent.. econazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-econazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections.. 1-{2-(4-chlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl}imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 4-chlorobenzyl group.	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles; monochlorobenzenes
estazolam Estazolam: A benzodiazepine with anticonvulsant, hypnotic, and muscle relaxant properties. It has been shown in some cases to be more potent than DIAZEPAM or NITRAZEPAM.. estazolam : A triazolo[4,3-a][1,4]benzodiazepine having a phenyl group at position 6 and a chloro substituent at position 8. A short-acting benzodiazepine with general properties similar to diazepam, it is given by mouth as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia.	3.43	1	1	triazoles; triazolobenzodiazepine	anticonvulsant; anxiolytic drug; GABA modulator
famotidine Famotidine: A competitive histamine H2-receptor antagonist. Its main pharmacodynamic effect is the inhibition of gastric secretion.	2.31	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; guanidines; sulfonamide	anti-ulcer drug; H2-receptor antagonist; P450 inhibitor
fentanyl Fentanyl: A potent narcotic analgesic, abuse of which leads to habituation or addiction. It is primarily a mu-opioid agonist. Fentanyl is also used as an adjunct to general anesthetics, and as an anesthetic for induction and maintenance. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p1078). fentanyl : A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the aryl amino group of N-phenyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-amine with propanoic acid.	3.12	1	0	anilide; monocarboxylic acid amide; piperidines	adjuvant; anaesthesia adjuvant; anaesthetic; intravenous anaesthetic; mu-opioid receptor agonist; opioid analgesic
fexofenadine fexofenadine: a second generation antihistamine; metabolite of the antihistaminic drug terfenadine; structure in first source; RN refers to HCl. fexofenadine : A piperidine-based anti-histamine compound.	8.84	3	0	piperidines; tertiary amine	anti-allergic agent; H1-receptor antagonist
fluorouracil Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.	7.82	2	0	nucleobase analogue; organofluorine compound	antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; environmental contaminant; immunosuppressive agent; radiosensitizing agent; xenobiotic
fluoxetine Fluoxetine: The first highly specific serotonin uptake inhibitor. It is used as an antidepressant and often has a more acceptable side-effects profile than traditional antidepressants.. fluoxetine : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder.. N-methyl-3-phenyl-3-[4-(trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]propan-1-amine : An aromatic ether consisting of 4-trifluoromethylphenol in which the hydrogen of the phenolic hydroxy group is replaced by a 3-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropyl group.	3.12	1	0	(trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic ether; secondary amino compound
hydroxyzine Hydroxyzine: A histamine H1 receptor antagonist that is effective in the treatment of chronic urticaria, dermatitis, and histamine-mediated pruritus. Unlike its major metabolite CETIRIZINE, it does cause drowsiness. It is also effective as an antiemetic, for relief of anxiety and tension, and as a sedative.. hydroxyzine : A N-alkylpiperazine that is piperzine in which the nitrogens atoms are substituted by 2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethyl and (4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl groups respectively.	11.55	5	3	hydroxyether; monochlorobenzenes; N-alkylpiperazine	anticoronaviral agent; antipruritic drug; anxiolytic drug; dermatologic drug; H1-receptor antagonist
avapro Irbesartan: A spiro compound, biphenyl and tetrazole derivative that acts as an angiotensin II type 1 receptor antagonist. It is used in the management of HYPERTENSION, and in the treatment of kidney disease.. irbesartan : A biphenylyltetrazole that is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used mainly for the treatment of hypertension.	3.12	1	0	azaspiro compound; biphenylyltetrazole	angiotensin receptor antagonist; antihypertensive agent; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
loratadine Loratadine: A second-generation histamine H1 receptor antagonist used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and urticaria. Unlike most classical antihistamines (HISTAMINE H1 ANTAGONISTS) it lacks central nervous system depressing effects such as drowsiness.. loratadine : A benzocycloheptapyridine that is 6,11-dihydro-5H-benzo[5,6]cyclohepta[1,2-b]pyridine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 1-(ethoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylidene group at position 11. It is a H1-receptor antagonist commonly employed in the treatment of allergic disorders.	8.97	17	5	benzocycloheptapyridine; ethyl ester; N-acylpiperidine; organochlorine compound; tertiary carboxamide	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; geroprotector; H1-receptor antagonist
lorazepam Lorazepam: A benzodiazepine used as an anti-anxiety agent with few side effects. It also has hypnotic, anticonvulsant, and considerable sedative properties and has been proposed as a preanesthetic agent.	8.44	1	1	benzodiazepine
miconazole Miconazole: An imidazole antifungal agent that is used topically and by intravenous infusion.. 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorobenzyloxy)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]imidazole : A member of the class of imidazoles that is 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethanol in which the hydroxyl hydrogen is replaced by a 2,4-dichlorobenzyl group.. miconazole : A racemate composed of equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-miconazole. Used (as its nitrate salt) to treat skin infections such as athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm and other fungal skin infections. It inhibits the synthesis of ergosterol, a critical component of fungal cell membranes.	2.05	1	0	dichlorobenzene; ether; imidazoles
pindolol Pindolol: A moderately lipophilic beta blocker (ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS). It is non-cardioselective and has intrinsic sympathomimetic actions, but little membrane-stabilizing activity. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmocopoeia, 30th ed, p638). pindolol : A member of the class of indols which is the 2-hydroxy-3-(isopropylamino)propyl ether derivative of 1H-indol-4-ol.	3.12	1	0	indoles; secondary amine	antiglaucoma drug; antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; serotonergic antagonist; vasodilator agent
pyrilamine Pyrilamine: A histamine H1 antagonist. It has mild hypnotic properties and some local anesthetic action and is used for allergies (including skin eruptions) both parenterally and locally. It is a common ingredient of cold remedies.. mepyramine : An ethylenediamine derivative that is ethylenediamine in which one of the amino nitrogens is substituted by two methyl groups and the remaining amino nitrogen is substituted by a 4-methoxybenzyl and a pyridin-2-yl group.	1.99	1	0	aromatic ether; ethylenediamine derivative	H1-receptor antagonist
roxatidine acetate roxatidine acetate: structure given in first source	3.12	1	0	piperidines
stearic acid octadecanoic acid : A C18 straight-chain saturated fatty acid component of many animal and vegetable lipids. As well as in the diet, it is used in hardening soaps, softening plastics and in making cosmetics, candles and plastics.	2.21	1	0	long-chain fatty acid; saturated fatty acid; straight-chain saturated fatty acid	algal metabolite; Daphnia magna metabolite; human metabolite; plant metabolite
imatinib [no description available]	3.12	1	0	aromatic amine; benzamides; N-methylpiperazine; pyridines; pyrimidines	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
terfenadine Terfenadine: A selective histamine H1-receptor antagonist devoid of central nervous system depressant activity. The drug was used for ALLERGY but withdrawn due to causing LONG QT SYNDROME.	4.24	5	0	diarylmethane
lactose Lactose: A disaccharide of GLUCOSE and GALACTOSE in human and cow milk. It is used in pharmacy for tablets, in medicine as a nutrient, and in industry.. lactose : A glycosylglucose disaccharide, found most notably in milk, that consists of D-galactose and D-glucose fragments bonded through a beta-1->4 glycosidic linkage. The glucose fragment can be in either the alpha- or beta-pyranose form, whereas the galactose fragment can only have the beta-pyranose form.. beta-lactose : The beta-anomer of lactose.	2.21	1	0	lactose
arginine Arginine: An essential amino acid that is physiologically active in the L-form.. arginine : An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group.	7.41	1	0	arginine; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid	biomarker; Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical
triamcinolone acetonide Triamcinolone Acetonide: An esterified form of TRIAMCINOLONE. It is an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid used topically in the treatment of various skin disorders. Intralesional, intramuscular, and intra-articular injections are also administered under certain conditions.. triamcinolone acetonide : A synthetic glucocorticoid that is the 16,17-acetonide of triamcinolone. Used to treat various skin infections.	2.15	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; cyclic ketal; fluorinated steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone	anti-allergic agent; anti-inflammatory drug
thiazoles [no description available]	2	1	0	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	2.41	1	0	dialdehyde	biomarker
cromolyn sodium Cromolyn Sodium: A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized MAST CELLS. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack.. disodium cromoglycate : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of cromoglycic acid.	2.31	1	0	organic sodium salt	anti-asthmatic drug; drug allergen
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	4.99	2	1	benzenes; phenyl acetates
substance p [no description available]	2.8	3	0	peptide	neurokinin-1 receptor agonist; neurotransmitter; vasodilator agent
captopril Captopril: A potent and specific inhibitor of PEPTIDYL-DIPEPTIDASE A. It blocks the conversion of ANGIOTENSIN I to ANGIOTENSIN II, a vasoconstrictor and important regulator of arterial blood pressure. Captopril acts to suppress the RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM and inhibits pressure responses to exogenous angiotensin.. captopril : A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug.	3.12	1	0	alkanethiol; L-proline derivative; N-acylpyrrolidine; pyrrolidinemonocarboxylic acid	antihypertensive agent; EC 3.4.15.1 (peptidyl-dipeptidase A) inhibitor
sulotroban sulotroban: thromboxane receptor antagonist	3.12	1	0
sch 37370 N-acetyldesloratadine: dual antagonist of platelet-activating factor and histamine	3.81	3	0
duloxetine [no description available]	3.12	1	0	duloxetine
ziprasidone ziprasidone: a benzisothiazoylpiperazine derivative; has combined dopamine and serotonin receptor antagonist activity; structurally related to tiospirone. ziprasidone : A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms.	3.12	1	0	1,2-benzisothiazole; indolones; organochlorine compound; piperazines	antipsychotic agent; dopaminergic antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; psychotropic drug; serotonergic antagonist
web 2086 WEB 2086: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist	1.99	1	0	organonitrogen heterocyclic compound; organosulfur heterocyclic compound
triazoles Triazoles: Heterocyclic compounds containing a five-membered ring with two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms with the molecular formula C2H3N3.. triazoles : An azole in which the five-membered heterocyclic aromatic skeleton contains three N atoms and two C atoms.	1.99	1	0	1,2,3-triazole
prifelone prifelone: structure given in first source	3.12	1	0	aromatic ketone
ubenimex ubenimex: growth inhibitor	2.05	1	0
1-hexadecyl-2-acetyl-glycero-3-phosphocholine Platelet Activating Factor: A phospholipid derivative formed by PLATELETS; BASOPHILS; NEUTROPHILS; MONOCYTES; and MACROPHAGES. It is a potent platelet aggregating agent and inducer of systemic anaphylactic symptoms, including HYPOTENSION; THROMBOCYTOPENIA; NEUTROPENIA; and BRONCHOCONSTRICTION.. 2-O-acetyl-1-O-hexadecyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine : A 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine betaine which has hexadecyl as the alkyl group. PAF is a potent phospholipid activator and mediator of many leukocyte functions, including platelet aggregation, inflammation, and anaphylaxis.	10.81	29	7	2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine	antihypertensive agent; beta-adrenergic antagonist; bronchoconstrictor agent; hematologic agent; vasodilator agent
2-aminobicyclo(2,2,1)heptane-2-carboxylic acid 2-aminobicyclo(2,2,1)heptane-2-carboxylic acid: amino acid analog; releases insulin; RN given refers to unlabeled cpd without isomeric designation	2.1	1	0	monoterpenoid
foropafant Foropafant: structure given in first source; PAF antagonist	2	1	0
sq 28603 SQ 28603: a selective neutral endopeptidase inhibitor	3.12	1	0
desloratadine desloratadine: major metabolite of loratadine. desloratadine : Loratadine in which the ethoxycarbonyl group attached to the piperidine ring is replaced by hydrogen. The major metabolite of loratidine, desloratadine is an antihistamine which is used for the symptomatic relief of allergic conditions including rhinitis and chronic urticaria. It does not readily enter the central nervous system, so does not cause drowsiness.	8.13	12	4	benzocycloheptapyridine	anti-allergic agent; cholinergic antagonist; drug metabolite; H1-receptor antagonist
methotrexate [no description available]	4.62	1	1	dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines	abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent
ml-3000 [no description available]	3.12	1	0
mk 767 5-((2,4-dioxo-5-thiazolidinyl)methyl)-2-methoxy-N-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)methyl)benzamide: an antihyperlipidemic agent that also functions as an insulin sensitizer, PPARalpha agonist, and PPARgamma agonist; structure in first source	3.12	1	0
bms 207940 N-((2'-(((4,5-dimethyl-3-isoxazolyl)amino)sulfonyl)-4-(2-oxazolyl)(1,1'-biphenyl)-2-yl)methyl)-N,3,3-trimethylbutanamide: an ET(A) receptor antagonist; structure in first source	3.12	1	0
bilastine [no description available]	10.01	2	1	benzimidazoles
e 3040 E 3040: a dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and thromboxane A2 synthetase; structure given in first source	3.12	1	0	benzothiazoles; organic hydroxy compound; pyridines; secondary amino compound	anti-inflammatory drug; EC 1.13.11.34 (arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; uricosuric drug
oleic acid Oleic Acid: An unsaturated fatty acid that is the most widely distributed and abundant fatty acid in nature. It is used commercially in the preparation of oleates and lotions, and as a pharmaceutical solvent. (Stedman, 26th ed). oleic acid : An octadec-9-enoic acid in which the double bond at C-9 has Z (cis) stereochemistry.	7.03	1	0	octadec-9-enoic acid	antioxidant; Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; solvent
zithromax Azithromycin: A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis.. azithromycin : A macrolide antibiotic useful for the treatment of bacterial infections.	3.43	1	1	macrolide antibiotic	antibacterial drug; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
tropisetron Tropisetron: An indole derivative and 5-HT3 RECEPTOR antagonist that is used for the prevention of nausea and vomiting.. tropisetron : An indolyl carboxylate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of indole-3-carboxylic acid with the hydroxy group of tropine.	3.12	1	0	indolyl carboxylic acid
levocetirizine [no description available]	7.07	5	3	diarylmethane
fusidic acid Fusidic Acid: An antibiotic isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). It acts by inhibiting translocation during protein synthesis.. fusidic acid : A steroid antibiotic that is isolated from the fermentation broth of Fusidium coccineum.	2.15	1	0	11alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3alpha-hydroxy steroid; alpha,beta-unsaturated monocarboxylic acid; steroid acid; steroid antibiotic; sterol ester	EC 2.7.1.33 (pantothenate kinase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; protein synthesis inhibitor
ovalbumin Ovalbumin: An albumin obtained from the white of eggs. It is a member of the serpin superfamily.	2.08	1	0
quercetin [no description available]	3.35	1	0	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
luteolin [no description available]	3.78	2	0	3'-hydroxyflavonoid; tetrahydroxyflavone	angiogenesis inhibitor; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor; EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor; immunomodulator; nephroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone.	2.31	1	0	D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone	geroprotector; human metabolite
montelukast montelukast: a leukotriene D4 receptor antagonist	9.99	2	1	aliphatic sulfide; monocarboxylic acid; quinolines	anti-arrhythmia drug; anti-asthmatic drug; leukotriene antagonist
olopatadine hydrochloride Olopatadine Hydrochloride: An antihistamine with mast-cell stabilizing properties used as eye drops in the treatment of ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS.	2.21	1	0	dibenzooxazepine
fluticasone Fluticasone: A STEROID with GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR activity that is used to manage the symptoms of ASTHMA; ALLERGIC RHINITIS, and ATOPIC DERMATITIS.. fluticasone : A trifluorinated corticosteroid used in the form of its propionate ester for treatment of allergic rhinitis.	3.19	1	0	11beta-hydroxy steroid; 17alpha-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; corticosteroid; fluorinated steroid; thioester	anti-allergic agent; anti-asthmatic drug
l 365260 L 365260: a CCK-B antagonist; structure given in first source; potent & selective CCK-B & gastrin receptor ligand; L 365260 and L 365346 are (R)- and (S)-stereoisomers, respectively	3.12	1	0	benzodiazepine
bosutinib 4-((2,4-dichloro-5-methoxyphenyl)amino)-6-methoxy-7-(3-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)propoxy)-3-quinolinecarbonitrile: a Src kinase inhibitor; structure in first source	3.12	1	0	aminoquinoline; aromatic ether; dichlorobenzene; N-methylpiperazine; nitrile; tertiary amino compound	antineoplastic agent; tyrosine kinase inhibitor
fumarates Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-)	2.69	2	0	butenedioate; C4-dicarboxylate	human metabolite; metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cysteine Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.	2.41	1	0	cysteinium	fundamental metabolite
6-(4-(2-(((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)-6-(3-pyridyl)hex-5-enoic acid 6-(4-(2-(((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)amino)ethyl)phenyl)-6-(3-pyridyl)hex-5-enoic acid: combined thromboxane A2 receptor & thromboxane synthesis inhibitor; structure given in first source; RN given refers to (E)-isomer	3.12	1	0
ciclesonide ciclesonide: nasal spray approved for seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis	3.19	1	0	organic molecular entity
mocetinostat mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).	2.41	1	0	aminopyrimidine; benzamides; pyridines; secondary amino compound; secondary carboxamide; substituted aniline	antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; autophagy inducer; cardioprotective agent; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent
bms 248360 [no description available]	3.12	1	0
sb-649915 SB-649915: potent 5-HT1A and 5-HT1B autoreceptor antagonist and 5-HT re-uptake inhibitor	3.12	1	0
3-hydroxydesloratadine 3-hydroxydesloratadine: structure in first source	4.69	3	2
milnacipran [no description available]	3.12	1	0	acetamides
calcimycin Calcimycin: An ionophorous, polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces chartreusensis. It binds and transports CALCIUM and other divalent cations across membranes and uncouples oxidative phosphorylation while inhibiting ATPase of rat liver mitochondria. The substance is used mostly as a biochemical tool to study the role of divalent cations in various biological systems.	2	1	0	benzoxazole
erythrosine Erythrosine: A tetraiodofluorescein used as a red coloring in some foods (cherries, fish), as a disclosure of DENTAL PLAQUE, and as a stain of some cell types. It has structural similarity to THYROXINE.. erythrosin B : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of 2-(2,4,5,7-tetraiodo-6-oxido-3-oxo-8a,10a-dihydroxanthen-9-yl)benzoic acid.	2.31	1	0
cellulose DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.	2.21	1	0	glycoside
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	5.81	3	2
interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells.	2.46	2	0
orabase Orabase: used in therapy of oral mucosal ulcers	2.69	2	0
clozapine Clozapine: A tricylic dibenzodiazepine, classified as an atypical antipsychotic agent. It binds several types of central nervous system receptors, and displays a unique pharmacological profile. Clozapine is a serotonin antagonist, with strong binding to 5-HT 2A/2C receptor subtype. It also displays strong affinity to several dopaminergic receptors, but shows only weak antagonism at the dopamine D2 receptor, a receptor commonly thought to modulate neuroleptic activity. Agranulocytosis is a major adverse effect associated with administration of this agent.. clozapine : A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia.	3.12	1	0	benzodiazepine; N-arylpiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; organochlorine compound	adrenergic antagonist; dopaminergic antagonist; EC 3.4.21.26 (prolyl oligopeptidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; GABA antagonist; histamine antagonist; muscarinic antagonist; second generation antipsychotic; serotonergic antagonist; xenobiotic
concanavalin a Concanavalin A: A MANNOSE/GLUCOSE binding lectin isolated from the jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis). It is a potent mitogen used to stimulate cell proliferation in lymphocytes, primarily T-lymphocyte, cultures.	2	1	0

Condition	Indicated	Relationship Strength	Studies	Trials
Anaphylactic Reaction [description not available]	0	1.98	1	0
Anaphylaxis An acute hypersensitivity reaction due to exposure to a previously encountered ANTIGEN. The reaction may include rapidly progressing URTICARIA, respiratory distress, vascular collapse, systemic SHOCK, and death.	0	1.98	1	0
Muscle Contraction A process leading to shortening and/or development of tension in muscle tissue. Muscle contraction occurs by a sliding filament mechanism whereby actin filaments slide inward among the myosin filaments.	0	1.98	1	0
Diseases, Metabolic [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Metabolic Diseases Generic term for diseases caused by an abnormal metabolic process. It can be congenital due to inherited enzyme abnormality (METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS) or acquired due to disease of an endocrine organ or failure of a metabolically important organ such as the liver. (Stedman, 26th ed)	0	2.94	1	0
Epithelial Ovarian Cancer [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Cancer of Ovary [description not available]	0	2.31	1	0
Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial A malignant neoplasm that originates in cells on the surface EPITHELIUM of the ovary and is the most common form of ovarian cancer. There are five histologic subtypes: papillary serous, endometrioid, mucinous, clear cell, and transitional cell. Mutations in BRCA1, OPCML, PRKN, PIK3CA, AKT1, CTNNB1, RRAS2, and CDH1 genes are associated with this cancer.	0	2.31	1	0
Ovarian Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.	0	2.31	1	0
Atherogenesis [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Atherosclerosis A thickening and loss of elasticity of the walls of ARTERIES that occurs with formation of ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUES within the ARTERIAL INTIMA.	0	7.41	1	0
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	0	3.95	3	0
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	0	3.95	3	0
Acute Edematous Pancreatitis [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Pancreatitis INFLAMMATION of the PANCREAS. Pancreatitis is classified as acute unless there are computed tomographic or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic findings of CHRONIC PANCREATITIS (International Symposium on Acute Pancreatitis, Atlanta, 1992). The two most common forms of acute pancreatitis are ALCOHOLIC PANCREATITIS and gallstone pancreatitis.	0	7.41	1	0
Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment.	0	2.41	1	0
Colitis Gravis [description not available]	0	2.41	1	0
Colitis, Ulcerative Inflammation of the COLON that is predominantly confined to the MUCOSA. Its major symptoms include DIARRHEA, rectal BLEEDING, the passage of MUCUS, and ABDOMINAL PAIN.	0	2.41	1	0
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever [description not available]	0	3.8	1	1
Break-Bone Fever [description not available]	0	4.04	2	1
Dengue An acute febrile disease transmitted by the bite of AEDES mosquitoes infected with DENGUE VIRUS. It is self-limiting and characterized by fever, myalgia, headache, and rash. SEVERE DENGUE is a more virulent form of dengue.	0	4.04	2	1
Severe Dengue A virulent form of dengue characterized by THROMBOCYTOPENIA and an increase in vascular permeability (grades I and II) and distinguished by a positive pain test (e.g., TOURNIQUET PAIN TEST). When accompanied by SHOCK (grades III and IV), it is called dengue shock syndrome.	0	3.8	1	1
Allergic Rhinitis [description not available]	0	7.31	8	2
Hay Fever [description not available]	0	10.08	18	9
Diabetes Mellitus A heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by HYPERGLYCEMIA and GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE.	0	2.41	1	0
Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal Allergic rhinitis that occurs at the same time every year. It is characterized by acute CONJUNCTIVITIS with lacrimation and ITCHING, and regarded as an allergic condition triggered by specific ALLERGENS.	0	10.08	18	9
Rhinitis, Allergic An inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA triggered by ALLERGENS.	0	7.31	8	2
Cirrhosis, Liver [description not available]	0	3.01	2	0
Liver Cirrhosis Liver disease in which the normal microcirculation, the gross vascular anatomy, and the hepatic architecture have been variably destroyed and altered with fibrous septa surrounding regenerated or regenerating parenchymal nodules.	0	3.01	2	0
Cirrhosis [description not available]	0	2.6	1	0
Fibrosis Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.	0	7.6	1	0
Duncan Disease [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Lymphoproliferative Disorders Disorders characterized by proliferation of lymphoid tissue, general or unspecified.	0	2.25	1	0
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Diabetic Glomerulosclerosis [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Diabetic Nephropathies KIDNEY injuries associated with diabetes mellitus and affecting KIDNEY GLOMERULUS; ARTERIOLES; KIDNEY TUBULES; and the interstitium. Clinical signs include persistent PROTEINURIA, from microalbuminuria progressing to ALBUMINURIA of greater than 300 mg/24 h, leading to reduced GLOMERULAR FILTRATION RATE and END-STAGE RENAL DISEASE.	0	2.25	1	0
Recrudescence [description not available]	0	3.89	2	1
Dermatitis Medicamentosa [description not available]	0	2.52	2	0
Eczema, Atopic [description not available]	0	3.64	1	1
Itching [description not available]	0	11.11	6	5
Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema.	0	3.64	1	1
Pruritus An intense itching sensation that produces the urge to rub or scratch the skin to obtain relief.	0	6.11	6	5
Diathesis [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Angioneurotic Edema [description not available]	0	2.25	1	0
Angioedema Swelling involving the deep DERMIS, subcutaneous, or submucosal tissues, representing localized EDEMA. Angioedema often occurs in the face, lips, tongue, and larynx.	0	2.25	1	0
2019 Novel Coronavirus Disease [description not available]	0	3.6	2	0
Hives [description not available]	0	10.58	21	10
Urticaria A vascular reaction of the skin characterized by erythema and wheal formation due to localized increase of vascular permeability. The causative mechanism may be allergy, infection, or stress.	1	12.58	21	10
Respiratory Syndrome, Acute, Severe [description not available]	0	3.17	1	0
Coagulation, Disseminated Intravascular [description not available]	0	3.17	1	0
Embolism, Pulmonary [description not available]	0	3.17	1	0
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation A disorder characterized by procoagulant substances entering the general circulation causing a systemic thrombotic process. The activation of the clotting mechanism may arise from any of a number of disorders. A majority of the patients manifest skin lesions, sometimes leading to PURPURA FULMINANS.	0	3.17	1	0
Pulmonary Embolism Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.	0	3.17	1	0
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome A viral disorder characterized by high FEVER, dry COUGH, shortness of breath (DYSPNEA) or breathing difficulties, and atypical PNEUMONIA. A virus in the genus CORONAVIRUS is the suspected agent.	0	3.17	1	0
Rheumatoid Arthritis [description not available]	0	4.62	1	1
Arthritis, Rheumatoid A chronic systemic disease, primarily of the joints, marked by inflammatory changes in the synovial membranes and articular structures, widespread fibrinoid degeneration of the collagen fibers in mesenchymal tissues, and by atrophy and rarefaction of bony structures. Etiology is unknown, but autoimmune mechanisms have been implicated.	1	6.62	1	1
Electrocardiogram QT Prolonged [description not available]	0	3.88	2	1
Long QT Syndrome A condition that is characterized by episodes of fainting (SYNCOPE) and varying degree of ventricular arrhythmia as indicated by the prolonged QT interval. The inherited forms are caused by mutation of genes encoding cardiac ion channel proteins. The two major forms are ROMANO-WARD SYNDROME and JERVELL-LANGE NIELSEN SYNDROME.	0	3.88	2	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	0	2.52	2	0
Acute Disease Disease having a short and relatively severe course.	0	2.17	1	0
Chronic Illness [description not available]	0	8.66	12	9
Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2).	0	8.66	12	9
Allergic Conjunctivitis [description not available]	0	5.31	4	1
Conjunctivitis, Allergic Conjunctivitis due to hypersensitivity to various allergens.	0	5.31	4	1
Keratoconjunctivitis Simultaneous inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.	0	2.21	1	0
Sleepiness Compelling urge to sleep.	0	3.59	1	1
Autoimmune Urticaria [description not available]	0	3.59	1	1
Dermatitis, Eczematous [description not available]	0	3.59	1	1
Eczema A pruritic papulovesicular dermatitis occurring as a reaction to many endogenous and exogenous agents (Dorland, 27th ed).	0	3.59	1	1
Cutaneous Mastocytosis [description not available]	0	4.39	1	1
Rhinitis, Allergic, Nonseasonal [description not available]	0	9.13	13	4
Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial Inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose similar to that found in hay fever except that symptoms persist throughout the year. The causes are usually air-borne allergens, particularly dusts, feathers, molds, animal fur, etc.	0	9.13	13	4
Alveolitis, Fibrosing [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Pulmonary Fibrosis A process in which normal lung tissues are progressively replaced by FIBROBLASTS and COLLAGEN causing an irreversible loss of the ability to transfer oxygen into the bloodstream via PULMONARY ALVEOLI. Patients show progressive DYSPNEA finally resulting in death.	0	7.08	1	0
Anasarca [description not available]	0	2.1	1	0
Edema Abnormal fluid accumulation in TISSUES or body cavities. Most cases of edema are present under the SKIN in SUBCUTANEOUS TISSUE.	0	2.1	1	0
Allergic Reaction [description not available]	0	4.45	3	0
Hypersensitivity Altered reactivity to an antigen, which can result in pathologic reactions upon subsequent exposure to that particular antigen.	1	6.45	3	0
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	0	4.36	4	1
Trombiculiasis Infestation with mites of the genus Trombicula, whose larvae carry the rickettsial agent of scrub typhus.	0	2.15	1	0
Arrhythmia [description not available]	0	2.73	3	0
Arrhythmias, Cardiac Any disturbances of the normal rhythmic beating of the heart or MYOCARDIAL CONTRACTION. Cardiac arrhythmias can be classified by the abnormalities in HEART RATE, disorders of electrical impulse generation, or impulse conduction.	0	2.73	3	0
Torsade de Pointes [description not available]	0	7.45	2	0
Disease Exacerbation [description not available]	0	3.43	1	1
Bilateral Nasal Obstruction [description not available]	0	3.43	1	1
Nasal Obstruction Any hindrance to the passage of air into and out of the nose. The obstruction may be unilateral or bilateral, and may involve any part of the NASAL CAVITY.	0	3.43	1	1
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	0	2.06	1	0
Insect Bites [description not available]	0	3.46	1	1
Insect Bites and Stings Bites and stings inflicted by insects.	0	3.46	1	1
Asthma, Bronchial [description not available]	0	2.08	1	0
Asthma A form of bronchial disorder with three distinct components: airway hyper-responsiveness (RESPIRATORY HYPERSENSITIVITY), airway INFLAMMATION, and intermittent AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION. It is characterized by spasmodic contraction of airway smooth muscle, WHEEZING, and dyspnea (DYSPNEA, PAROXYSMAL).	0	7.08	1	0
Sneezing The sudden, forceful, involuntary expulsion of air from the NOSE and MOUTH caused by irritation to the MUCOUS MEMBRANES of the upper RESPIRATORY TRACT.	0	3.41	1	1
Central Nervous System Disease [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Cardiac Diseases [description not available]	0	2.94	1	0
Central Nervous System Diseases Diseases of any component of the brain (including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum) or the spinal cord.	0	2.94	1	0
Heart Diseases Pathological conditions involving the HEART including its structural and functional abnormalities.	0	2.94	1	0
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [description not available]	0	2.03	1	0
Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA.	0	2.03	1	0

rupatadine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (54)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Pathways (1)

Protein Targets (4)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (46)

Molecular Functions (16)

Ceullar Components (8)

Bioassays (21)

Research

Studies (107)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 78.92

Study Types

rupatadine

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (54)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Effects

Actions

Treatment

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Compound-Compound Interactions

Bioavailability

Dosage Studied

Drug Classes (1)

Pathways (1)

Protein Targets (4)

Potency Measurements

Inhibition Measurements

Biological Processes (46)

Molecular Functions (16)

Ceullar Components (8)

Bioassays (21)

Research

Studies (107)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 78.92

Study Types

Related Drugs (93)

Related Conditions (99)