positive regulation of cellular extravasation

Definition

Target type: biologicalprocess

Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of cellular extravasation. [GOC:add]

Positive regulation of cellular extravasation is a complex biological process that involves a coordinated series of events allowing cells to exit from the bloodstream and enter surrounding tissues. This process is essential for various physiological functions, including immune cell recruitment to sites of infection or injury, development of tissues and organs, and metastasis of cancer cells.

The process begins with the activation of endothelial cells, the cells lining blood vessels, by various signals such as chemokines, growth factors, and inflammatory mediators. Activation of endothelial cells leads to a cascade of molecular events that results in alterations in their adhesive properties and permeability.

Key events involved in positive regulation of cellular extravasation include:

1. **Adhesion:** The activated endothelial cells upregulate the expression of adhesion molecules, such as selectins and integrins. These molecules bind to complementary receptors on the surface of migrating cells, initiating the process of tethering and rolling along the vessel wall.

2. **Chemotaxis:** The migrating cells are attracted to specific chemical gradients produced by the surrounding tissues, guiding them towards their destination. This chemotactic response is mediated by chemokines and other signaling molecules that bind to receptors on the cell surface.

3. **Diapedesis:** Once firmly attached to the endothelium, the migrating cells squeeze through the gaps between endothelial cells, a process known as diapedesis. This involves the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, allowing the cells to deform and pass through the tight junctions between endothelial cells.

4. **Migration:** After successfully extravasating, the migrating cells navigate through the extracellular matrix (ECM), guided by chemoattractants and interacting with ECM components. This involves the use of proteases to degrade ECM components and facilitate cell movement.

In summary, positive regulation of cellular extravasation is a tightly regulated process that involves a series of interactions between the migrating cells and the endothelial cells and the ECM. This process is crucial for various physiological functions and is dysregulated in certain pathological conditions, such as inflammation and cancer metastasis.'
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Proteins (3)

Compounds (51)