Target type: biologicalprocess
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a flavonoid stimulus. [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22700048]
Response to flavonoid is a complex biological process that involves a cascade of molecular events triggered by the interaction of flavonoids with various cellular components. Flavonoids, a diverse group of plant secondary metabolites, exhibit a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects.
The initial step in response to flavonoid involves the binding of flavonoids to specific receptors or proteins. These receptors can be located on the cell surface, in the cytoplasm, or in the nucleus. Binding of flavonoids to these receptors can trigger signaling pathways that lead to changes in gene expression, protein activity, and cellular function.
One of the key signaling pathways activated by flavonoids is the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. MAPK pathways are involved in regulating a wide range of cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and survival. Flavonoids can activate MAPK pathways through various mechanisms, such as by stimulating the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or by directly interacting with MAPK kinases.
Another important signaling pathway that is often activated by flavonoids is the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. This pathway is involved in regulating cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism. Flavonoids can activate PI3K/Akt pathway by stimulating the production of PI3K or by directly interacting with Akt.
The activation of these signaling pathways leads to changes in gene expression, protein activity, and cellular function. For example, flavonoids can induce the expression of genes that are involved in antioxidant defense, inflammation resolution, and cell cycle regulation. Flavonoids can also inhibit the activity of proteins that promote cell proliferation and survival.
Overall, response to flavonoid is a complex biological process that involves a wide range of cellular events. The specific effects of flavonoids on cells are dependent on the type of flavonoid, the cell type, and the concentration of the flavonoid. However, in general, flavonoids exhibit a wide range of beneficial effects on human health, such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases.'
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| Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
|---|---|---|
| NAD | An NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:DNx, UniProtKB:P15559] | Homo sapiens (human) |
| Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4'-bromoflavone | 4'-bromoflavone: structure in first source | ||
| beta-naphthoflavone | beta-naphthoflavone : An extended flavonoid resulting from the formal fusion of a benzene ring with the f side of flavone. beta-Naphthoflavone: A polyaromatic hydrocarbon inducer of P4501A1 and P4501A2 cytochromes. (Proc Soc Exp Biol Med 1994 Dec:207(3):302-308) | extended flavonoid; naphtho-gamma-pyrone; organic heterotricyclic compound | aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist |
| beta-lapachone | beta-lapachone : A benzochromenone that is 3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[h]chromene-5,6-dione substituted by geminal methyl groups at position 2. Isolated from Tabebuia avellanedae, it exhibits antineoplastic and anti-inflammatory activities. beta-lapachone: antineoplastic inhibitor of reverse transcriptase, DNA topoisomerase, and DNA polymerase | benzochromenone; orthoquinones | anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite |
| vitamin k 3 | Vitamin K 3: A synthetic naphthoquinone without the isoprenoid side chain and biological activity, but can be converted to active vitamin K2, menaquinone, after alkylation in vivo. | 1,4-naphthoquinones; vitamin K | angiogenesis inhibitor; antineoplastic agent; EC 3.4.22.69 (SARS coronavirus main proteinase) inhibitor; human urinary metabolite; nutraceutical |
| sulforaphane | sulforaphane : An isothiocyanate having a 4-(methylsulfinyl)butyl group attached to the nitrogen. sulforaphane: from Cardaria draba L. | isothiocyanate; sulfoxide | antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| c 1303 | C 1303: DNa-binding drug; structure given indicates that the cpd should be the dimethylamino cpd, but it is named as the diethylamino cpd | ||
| nsc 366140 | NSC 366140: a 9-methoxypyrazoloacridine; structure given in first source | ||
| 5-methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-3-((4-nitrophenoxy)methyl)indole-4,7-dione | 5-methoxy-1,2-dimethyl-3-((4-nitrophenoxy)methyl)indole-4,7-dione: structure in first source | ||
| bisantrene | |||
| 4,3',5'-tri-o-methylpiceatannol | |||
| memoquin | memoquin: structure in first source | ||
| dicumarol | Dicumarol: An oral anticoagulant that interferes with the metabolism of vitamin K. It is also used in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases. | hydroxycoumarin | anticoagulant; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; Hsp90 inhibitor; vitamin K antagonist |
| ethyl biscoumacetate | Ethyl Biscoumacetate: A coumarin that is used as an anticoagulant. It has actions similar to those of WARFARIN. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p226) | hydroxycoumarin | |
| nsc 158393 | NSC 158393: structure given in first source |