Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Abnormalities, Maxillofacial

Congenital structural deformities, malformations, or other abnormalities of the maxilla and face or facial bones.

Synonyms(2)

Synonym
Maxillofacial Abnormalities
Abnormalities, Maxillofacial

Research

Studies (99)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19900 (0.00)23.3326
1990's6 (6.06)12.5806
2000's30 (30.30)18.1394
2010's59 (59.60)28.8240
2020's4 (4.04)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
alendronate0low10
carbamazepine0low10
fentanyl0low10
lidocaine0low10
2-propanol0low10
lamotrigine0low10
midazolam0low10
sevoflurane0low10
thalidomide0low10
tranexamic acid0medium11
cytidine monophosphate0medium11
uridine triphosphate0medium11
triamcinolone acetonide0medium11
titanium0low20
tricalcium phosphate0medium21
calcium sulfate0low10
trolamine salicylate0low10
oxcarbazepine0low10
propiconazole0low110
remifentanil0low10
efavirenz0low10
foxes0low10
methotrexate0low10
inositol 3-phosphate0low70
tretinoin0low10
vitamin k semiquinone radical0low10
phenylephrine hydrochloride0low510
cesium0low10
bleomycetin0medium43
jaw0low10
piperidines0low10
hydroxocobalamin0medium11
phenprocoumon0low10
transforming growth factor beta0low10
exudates0low10
folic acid0low10

Protein Targets (408)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit4004
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma9009
GLI family zinc finger 39009
AR protein120012
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A17007
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 16006
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha8008
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha110011
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta5005
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a6006
activating transcription factor 63003
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)2002
Histone H2A.x2002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a5005
heat shock protein beta-14004
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 16006
lamin isoform A-delta107007
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit5005
Glutamate receptor 25005
Chain A, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase0101
Geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase0101
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase0202
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase 0101
Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase 0101
Chain A, Beta-lactamase6006
acetylcholinesterase1001
USP1 protein, partial6006
TDP1 protein100010
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]6006
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha9009
pregnane X nuclear receptor6006
IDH15005
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2120012
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 26006
mitogen-activated protein kinase 14004
geminin110011
Vpr2002
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30707
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40709
Bile salt export pump0202
Bile salt export pump012012
Albumin0011
Major prion protein0011
Cellular tumor antigen p538008
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0303
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0303
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0303
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0112
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70102
Cytochrome P450 2B60012
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0305
Cytochrome P450 2J20101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20404
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0404
Frizzled-80011
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10707
P2X purinoceptor 40202
Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase0101
Seminal ribonuclease0101
Uridine 5'-monophosphate synthase0101
Beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase 10101
UMP-CMP kinase 0001
Ribonuclease pancreatic0101
CMP-N-acetylneuraminate-beta-1,4-galactoside alpha-2,3-sialyltransferase0101
Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase 0101
Chain A, POL POLYPROTEIN0101
Chain A, POL POLYPROTEIN0101
Chain B, POL POLYPROTEIN0101
Chain A, POL POLYPROTEIN0101
Chain B, POL POLYPROTEIN0101
Chain A, Pol Polyprotein0101
Chain B, Pol Polyprotein0101
Chain A, Ferritin light chain6006
SMAD family member 23003
PPM1D protein1001
SMAD family member 33003
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease1001
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)4004
progesterone receptor4004
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 45005
farnesoid X nuclear receptor5005
G2002
cytochrome P450 2D64004
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma5005
caspase-31001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor3003
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a2002
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 22002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 25005
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 14004
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A1001
Prothrombin 0101
Interferon beta2002
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 2002
Gag-Pol polyprotein0202
Gag-Pol polyprotein0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0102
Acetylcholinesterase0001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0303
Cannabinoid receptor 10101
Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein large subunit0101
Spike glycoprotein6006
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 170101
Envelope glycoprotein gp160 [Cleaved into: Surface protein gp120 0101
Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH 0218
Protease 0203
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 12002
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 55005
Ataxin-25005
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1 0001
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20102
Reverse transcriptase 0112
Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase0011
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial2002
Luciferase2002
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d2002
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0202
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10202
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0101
D(4) dopamine receptor0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0101
Delta-type opioid receptor0202
Delta-type opioid receptor0303
Mu-type opioid receptor0415
Kappa-type opioid receptor0202
Histamine H1 receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0213
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
Delta-type opioid receptor0202
Kappa-type opioid receptor0202
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0202
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10303
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE6006
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE3003
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase0011
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase2002
Chain A, HADH2 protein2002
Chain B, HADH2 protein2002
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase5005
acid sphingomyelinase2002
glp-1 receptor, partial3003
glucocerebrosidase1001
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor6006
alpha-galactosidase2002
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein2002
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 12002
DNA polymerase beta2002
Thymidylate synthase0404
Thymidylate synthase0303
Dihydrofolate reductase0437
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Alpha-synuclein1102
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial0104
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A30102
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial0104
Multidrug resistance associated protein0103
ATAD5 protein, partial3003
Chymotrypsinogen A0101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase3003
thioredoxin reductase6006
GALC protein3003
EWS/FLI fusion protein4004
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 16006
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 11001
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M12002
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily E member 10101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily KQT member 10101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0101
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 10 subunit alpha0101
GLS protein2002
Microtubule-associated protein tau4004
chromobox protein homolog 17007
flap endonuclease 12002
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 13003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi3104
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-13104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta3104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-23104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-53104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-33104
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-13104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-23104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-43104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-33104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-63104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-13104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-33104
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-23104
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 20101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 180101
GABA theta subunit3104
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon3104
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE0011
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE0011
Chain B, DIHYDROFOLATE REDUCTASE0011
dopamine D1 receptor1001
ClpP1001
15-lipoxygenase, partial1001
phosphopantetheinyl transferase4004
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 34004
67.9K protein1001
Thymidylate synthase 0101
Thymidylate synthase 0101
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a1001
polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX121001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA5005
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 11001
nuclear receptor coactivator 1 isoform 1 [Homo sapiens]0101
snurportin-11001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)3003
transactivating tegument protein VP16 [Human herpesvirus 1]0101
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 13003
peripheral myelin protein 226006
survival motor neuron protein isoform d2002
M-phase phosphoprotein 82002
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 11001
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 13003
caspase-1 isoform alpha precursor1001
nuclear receptor coactivator 3 isoform a0101
Toll-like receptor 40101
Fatty-acid amide hydrolase 10101
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30102
Dihydrofolate reductase0203
Dihydrofolate reductase0203
Dihydrofolate reductase 0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0203
Thymidylate synthase0101
Tyrosine-protein kinase ABL10011
Carbonic anhydrase 20011
Integrin beta-31001
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Integrin alpha-IIb1001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0102
High mobility group protein B10011
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Thymidylate synthase0101
Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase0101
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Folate receptor beta0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0101
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial 0101
Folate receptor alpha0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0202
Histidine decarboxylase0101
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-30101
Cyclin-dependent kinase 20011
Bifunctional purine biosynthesis protein ATIC0202
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 0001
Reduced folate transporter0202
6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, decarboxylating0101
Caspase-71001
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
Pteridine reductase 10101
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
TAR DNA-binding protein 433003
Bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase-thymidylate synthase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60001
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10102
Trifunctional purine biosynthetic protein adenosine-30101
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Dihydrofolate reductase 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80001
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Dihydrofolate reductase0101
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 110001
Proton-coupled folate transporter0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30001
Solute carrier family 22 member 110001
Protein-arginine deiminase type-40101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
Cytochrome P450 3A40213
Translocator protein0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1-60101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A40101
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B10 0101
nonstructural protein 13003
polyadenylate-binding protein 10101
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor1001
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor1001
plasminogen precursor1001
bcl-2-related protein A10101
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor1001
Gag-Pol polyprotein0101
Cytochrome P450 2D60112
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)3003
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41001
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21001
pregnane X receptor2002
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)1001
aryl hydrocarbon receptor3003
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20001
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B1001
Histamine H2 receptor1001
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G1001
heat shock protein 90, putative0001
Cereblon isoform 40202
arylsulfatase A1001
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4B0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4C0101
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D0101
DNA-binding protein Ikaros0001
DNA damage-binding protein 10112
Protein cereblon0214
Chain A, PLASMINOGEN0011
Chain A, PLASMINOGEN0011
Plasminogen0213
Urokinase-type plasminogen activator0101
Chain A, Nuclear Receptor ROR-beta0101
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
Chain A, Cruzipain1001
thioredoxin glutathione reductase2002
regulator of G-protein signaling 42002
Parkin1001
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor1001
Caspase-71001
caspase-31001
Ornithine decarboxylase0001
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Cytochrome P450 1A20011
Ornithine decarboxylase0001
60 kDa chaperonin0101
Adenosine receptor A30202
Retinoic acid receptor alpha0227
60 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0101
Retinoic acid receptor beta0227
Retinoic acid receptor alpha0123
Retinoic acid receptor gamma 0227
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0101
Retinoic acid receptor gamma0123
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0224
Retinoic acid receptor beta0123
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 20011
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0101
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0123
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta0224
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta0123
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma0123
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 10101
Cytochrome P450 2C190011
Nuclear receptor ROR-alpha0101
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 10102
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0202
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma0224
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma0112
10 kDa heat shock protein, mitochondrial0101
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 10011
Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 10213
Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase0101
60 kDa chaperonin 0101
10 kDa chaperonin 0101
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 20101
Nuclear receptor ROR-beta0101
Glucocorticoid receptor0202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10202
Glycine receptor subunit beta0202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30202
P2Y purinoceptor 40011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20001
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40001
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10001
Thromboxane A2 receptor 0011
N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase0101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0011
P2Y purinoceptor 2 0112
P2Y purinoceptor 20011
P2Y purinoceptor 20011
P2Y purinoceptor 10011
P2Y purinoceptor 40011
Inositol monophosphatase 11001
P2Y purinoceptor 60011
RNA-directed RNA polymerase 0001
P2Y purinoceptor 110011
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 31001
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]