Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Idiopathic Hypersomnia

A sleep disorder of central nervous system origin characterized by prolonged nocturnal sleep and periods of daytime drowsiness. Affected individuals experience difficulty with awakening in the morning and may have associated sleep drunkenness, automatic behaviors, and memory disturbances. This condition differs from narcolepsy in that daytime sleep periods are longer, there is no association with CATAPLEXY, and the multiple sleep latency onset test does not record sleep-onset rapid eye movement sleep. (From Chokroverty, Sleep Disorders Medicine, 1994, pp319-20; Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 1998 Apr:52(2):125-129)

Synonyms(1)

Synonym
Idiopathic Hypersomnia

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Idiopathic hypersomnia is most often a chronic condition though spontaneous remission may occur."( Billiard, M; Sonka, K, 2016)
"Idiopathic hypersomnia is characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, despite normal or long sleep time."( Boucetta, S; Dang-Vu, TT; Gravel, P; Lachapelle, F; Montplaisir, J; Soucy, JP; Zadra, A, 2017)
"Idiopathic hypersomnia is a disorder of excessive daytime sleepiness, often accompanied by long sleep times or pronounced difficulty in awakening, in the absence of a known cause."( Becker, LA; Friederich Murray, C; Hoque, R; Trotti, LM, 2021)
"Idiopathic hypersomnia is a central hypersomnolence disorder mainly characterised by excessive daytime sleepiness, with prolonged night-time sleep and pronounced sleep inertia."( Arnulf, I; Black, J; Bogan, RK; Chandler, P; Chen, D; Dauvilliers, Y; Foldvary-Schaefer, N; Mignot, E; Morse, AM; Parvataneni, R; Skobieranda, F; Šonka, K; Sterkel, A; Thorpy, MJ, 2022)
"Narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia are rare, chronic sleep disorders that can debilitate patients’ cognitive function, social functioning and health-related quality of life."( Heo, YA, 2022)
"Idiopathic hypersomnia is a central hypersomnolence disorder of unknown origin characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness despite normal or long sleep time, and frequent severe sleep inertia."( Arnulf, I; Dauvilliers, Y; Roy, A; Thomas, R, 2023)

Treatment

ExcerptReference
"Until now, the treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia has mirrored that of the sleepiness of narcolepsy type 1 or 2."( Billiard, M; Sonka, K, 2016)

Research

Studies (39)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19900 (0.00)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's4 (10.26)18.1394
2010's21 (53.85)28.8240
2020's14 (35.90)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
histamine0low10
melatonin0low10
caffeine0low10
mazindol0medium21
methylphenidate0low20
modafinil0medium205
pemoline0low10
thyroxine0medium11
dextroamphetamine0low20
methamphetamine0low10
aripiprazole0low10
cysteine0low10
alpha-synuclein0low10
piperidines0low20
cholestyramine resin0low10
ego0low10
technetium tc 99m bicisate0low10
leptin0low20

Protein Targets (384)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE2002
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3E0101
acetylcholinesterase1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit1001
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma4004
SMAD family member 21001
Fumarate hydratase1001
USP1 protein, partial3003
PPM1D protein1001
SMAD family member 31001
TDP1 protein3003
GLI family zinc finger 34004
Microtubule-associated protein tau1001
AR protein4004
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 36006
progesterone receptor2002
EWS/FLI fusion protein5005
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]2002
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 13003
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha2002
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha4004
farnesoid X nuclear receptor2002
pregnane X nuclear receptor4004
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha5005
G4004
cytochrome P450 2D63003
polyprotein1001
67.9K protein1001
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta2002
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma2002
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor1001
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 27007
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)1001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a1001
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)3003
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein1001
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 22002
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d2002
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 25005
heat shock protein beta-11001
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 13003
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 13003
geminin6006
peripheral myelin protein 222002
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 11001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
neuropeptide S receptor isoform A1001
Solute carrier family 22 member 20102
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30606
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40606
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit2002
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0101
Bile salt export pump0707
Interferon beta4004
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 4004
Cellular tumor antigen p533003
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10202
Cytochrome P450 3A40202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0112
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41102
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21102
D(2) dopamine receptor0314
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0112
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-2C adrenergic receptor0101
D0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A0213
Glutamate receptor 22002
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30101
D(1A) dopamine receptor0101
D(4) dopamine receptor0202
D(1B) dopamine receptor0101
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0101
Alpha-1D adrenergic receptor0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C0202
D(4) dopamine receptor0101
Histamine H1 receptor0224
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter08210
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 7 0112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 70101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0202
Histamine H1 receptor0527
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0213
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0101
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60101
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase 0101
Spike glycoprotein2002
D(2) dopamine receptor0101
Inositol monophosphatase 11001
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20404
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3D0101
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 20101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3C0101
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 14004
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10606
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10101
Histamine H3 receptor0528
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial4004
Chain A, Glycogen Phosphorylase0101
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Chain A, glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Chain A, Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0011
Chain A, Chitinase0101
phosphopantetheinyl transferase4004
GLS protein2002
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor1001
chromobox protein homolog 12002
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
DNA polymerase beta1001
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 12002
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M13003
lethal factor (plasmid)1001
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20011
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Renin0101
Carbonic anhydrase 10102
Carbonic anhydrase 20103
Cholinesterase0202
Glycogen phosphorylase, liver form0101
Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form0101
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0101
Adenosine receptor A30101
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A0202
Acetylcholinesterase0202
Adenosine receptor A10204
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0303
cAMP-specific 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4A0101
Adenosine receptor A30101
Adenosine receptor A2a0214
Adenosine receptor A2b0102
Adenosine receptor A2b0203
Adenosine receptor A10114
Adenosine receptor A2a0205
Vasopressin V2 receptor0001
Serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR0101
Adenosine receptor A2a0101
Adenosine receptor A10101
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform 0101
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit0101
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1B0101
Adenylate cyclase type 10001
Chitotriosidase-10101
Serine-protein kinase ATM0101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ATR0101
Adenosine receptor A2b0102
Calcium/calmodulin-dependent 3',5'-cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 1C0101
Palmitoleoyl-protein carboxylesterase NOTUM0224
Endochitinase B10101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0102
Phosphodiesterase 0101
Broad substrate specificity ATP-binding cassette transporter ABCG20101
Guanine deaminase0101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase2002
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 43003
importin subunit beta-1 isoform 11001
mitogen-activated protein kinase 12002
snurportin-11001
GTP-binding nuclear protein Ran isoform 11001
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor1001
plasminogen precursor1001
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor1001
streptokinase A precursor0011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B30101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1B10102
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase0101
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0202
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0729
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0516
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 60011
Sodium-dependent serotonin transporter0415
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5A0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 5B0011
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A0011
Amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B0202
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 010112
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 0011
Trace amine-associated receptor 10022
Trace amine-associated receptor 10022
Trace amine-associated receptor 10022
Trace amine-associated receptor 10022
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3B0011
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10011
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE2002
endonuclease IV1001
thioredoxin reductase4004
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A12002
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
regulator of G-protein signaling 43003
arylsulfatase A1001
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 12002
cytochrome P450 2D6 isoform 12002
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor1001
flap endonuclease 11001
survival motor neuron protein isoform d1001
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi1203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta0101
Bile salt export pump0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-11203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta1203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-21203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-51203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-31203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-11203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-21203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-41203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-30112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-31203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-61203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-50112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-30112
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-11203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-31203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-21203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon0101
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-70101
TAR DNA-binding protein 431001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-60101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-10101
GABA theta subunit1203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-30101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon1203
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta0101
Chain A, CARBONIC ANHYDRASE II0011
Chain A, Protein (female-specific Histamine Binding Protein 2)0011
Chain A, Beta-lactamase1001
aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator0001
GALC protein1001
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA12002
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 30001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)1001
lamin isoform A-delta104004
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0001
Carbonic anhydrase 120001
Solute carrier family 22 member 30102
Plasma kallikrein0001
Carbonic anhydrase 30001
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor0202
Carbonic anhydrase 40001
Carbonic anhydrase 60001
Histamine H2 receptor0123
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D0001
Histamine H1 receptor0213
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 50112
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 0001
Carbonic anhydrase0001
Carbonic anhydrase 70001
Histamine H2 receptor0012
Carbonic anhydrase0002
Histamine H3 receptor0202
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A 0001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B0001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C0001
Histamine N-methyltransferase 0101
Glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 90001
Carbonic anhydrase 0002
Carbonic anhydrase-like protein, putative0001
Carbonic anhydrase0002
Carbonic anhydrase0002
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 10102
Carbonic anhydrase 0002
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 40001
Carbonic anhydrase 130001
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B0001
Histamine H4 receptor0123
Histamine H4 receptor0123
Histamine H4 receptor 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 40001
Carbonic anhydrase 150001
Carbonic anhydrase 130001
Histamine H4 receptor0224
Histamine H3 receptor0213
Carboxylic ester hydrolase 0001
Solute carrier family 22 member 20102
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A0001
Carbonic anhydrase 140001
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0001
Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 10101
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter0202
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Transporter0303
Chain A, HADH2 protein1001
Chain B, HADH2 protein1001
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase1001
interleukin 81001
ClpP1001
ATAD5 protein, partial1001
caspase 7, apoptosis-related cysteine protease1001
caspase-31001
aryl hydrocarbon receptor2002
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a3003
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
ras-related protein Rab-9A2002
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 11001
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
Cytochrome P450 1A10101
Cytochrome P450 1A2 0101
Myeloperoxidase0101
Cytochrome P450 1A20101
Cytochrome P450 2C11 0101
Cytochrome P450 2D60101
Aromatase0101
Ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase [quinone]0202
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 10101
Acetylcholinesterase 0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
Nociceptin receptor0101
Melatonin receptor type 1A0213
Melatonin receptor type 1C0011
Melatonin receptor type 1A0112
Melatonin receptor type 1B0213
Melatonin receptor type 1C0112
Melatonin receptor type 1B0112
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 20001
Cytochrome P450 1B10101
Carboxylic ester hydrolase 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 30101
Synaptic vesicular amine transporter0101
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
Cytochrome P450 2C190101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10101
Transporter0101
Cholinesterase0101
Histamine H3 receptor0101
Free fatty acid receptor 30011
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-10011
Chain X, Thyroid hormone receptor beta-10011
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK11001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A40001
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A50001
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 31001
Transthyretin0102
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha0011
Thyroid hormone receptor beta0011
Proliferating cell nuclear antigen0101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0022
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 0101
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma0022
Malate dehydrogenase, mitochondrial0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A20001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A30001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 4C10101
Monocarboxylate transporter 80001
Bile acid receptor0101
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1C10001
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]