citraconic acid: was MH 1975-92 (see under MALEATES 1975-90); METHYLMALEIC ACID was see CITRACONIC ACID 1975-92; use MALEATES to search CITRACONIC ACID 1975-92; RN refers to (Z)-isomer; SO refers to (E)-isomer [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]
citraconic acid : A dicarboxylic acid consisting of maleic acid having a methyl substituent at the 2-position. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]
| ID Source | ID |
|---|---|
| PubMed CID | 643798 |
| CHEBI ID | 17626 |
| SCHEMBL ID | 5893 |
| MeSH ID | M0198359 |
| Synonym |
|---|
| (e)-methylbutendiasure |
| kyselina citrakonova |
| 0rq6cxo9kd , |
| unii-0rq6cxo9kd |
| 4-02-00-02230 (beilstein handbook reference) |
| einecs 231-014-7 |
| cis-2-methylbutenedioic acid |
| alpha-methylmaleic acid |
| (z)-2-methyl-2-butenedioic acid |
| CHEBI:17626 |
| 2-methylmaleic acid |
| methyl-maleinsaeure |
| citraconsaeure |
| 2-methyl-2-butenedioic acid |
| 2-butenedioic acid, 2-methyl-, (z)- |
| cis-methylbutenedioic acid |
| maleic acid, methyl- |
| kyselina citrakonova [czech] |
| einecs 207-858-7 |
| nsc 32949 |
| brn 1722679 |
| inchi=1/c5h6o4/c1-3(5(8)9)2-4(6)7/h2h,1h3,(h,6,7)(h,8,9)/b3-2 |
| (2z)-2-methylbut-2-enedioic acid |
| 2-butenedioic acid, 2-methyl-, (2z)- |
| citraconic acid |
| 498-23-7 |
| C02226 |
| 2-methylmaleate , |
| citraconate |
| methylmaleic acid |
| citraconic acid, 98% |
| DB04734 |
| CIZ , |
| maleic acid, 2-methyl- |
| 545A0AB4-F752-4DF8-BDB4-845BF57ADC8D |
| BMSE000199 |
| 2-butenedioic acid, 2-methyl-, (z)- (9ci) |
| (z)-2-methylbut-2-enedioic acid |
| AKOS005111074 |
| LMFA01170099 |
| 2-methyl-2z-butenedioic acid |
| S3159 |
| SCHEMBL5893 |
| citraconic acid [mi] |
| (2z)-2-methyl-2-butenedioic acid |
| 2-methyl maleic acid |
| W-106003 |
| (2z)-2-methyl-2-butenedioic acid # |
| (~{z})-2-methylbut-2-enedioic acid |
| mfcd00078086 |
| citraconsaure |
| methylmaleate |
| (z)-2-methyl-2-butenedioate |
| HY-113298 |
| CS-0059543 |
| Q5122804 |
| DTXSID601019903 |
| D95321 |
| citraconicacid |
| 28259-97-4 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " Moreover, in whole blood the half-life of DMF was dramatically reduced as compared to serum." | ( In vitro pharmacokinetics of anti-psoriatic fumaric acid esters. Litjens, NH; Mattie, H; Nibbering, PH; Thio, HB; van Dissel, JT; van Gulpen, C; van Strijen, E, 2004) | 0.32 |
| "The aim of this study was to evaluate pharmacokinetic parameters of fumaric acid esters (FAE) in psoriasis patients for the first time." | ( Pharmacokinetics of anti-psoriatic fumaric acid esters in psoriasis patients. Clement, B; Mrowietz, U; Rostami-Yazdi, M, 2010) | 0.36 |
| Excerpt | Reference | Relevance |
|---|---|---|
| " This 2-period crossover study was conducted to evaluate the potential for drug-drug interaction between DMF (240 mg twice daily) and a combined oral contraceptive (OC; norgestimate 250 μg, ethinyl estradiol 35 μg)." | ( Evaluation of Potential Drug-Drug Interaction Between Delayed-Release Dimethyl Fumarate and a Commonly Used Oral Contraceptive (Norgestimate/Ethinyl Estradiol) in Healthy Women. Kam, J; Leahy, M; Meka, V; Nestorov, I; Sheikh, SI; Zhao, G; Zhu, B, 2017) | 0.46 |
| Excerpt | Relevance | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| " Dose-response and time-course analyses were performed to identify optimal conditions for maximal effect." | ( Regulation of proton-coupled folate transporter in retinal Müller cells by the antipsoriatic drug monomethylfumarate. Bozard, BR; Chothe, PP; Fulzele, S; Ganapathy, V; Martin, PM; Prasad, PD; Smith, SB; Tawfik, A; Williams, C, 2012) | 0.38 |
| "Activation of NRF2 using MMF, at least at our dosing regimen, is insufficient to attenuate catastrophic photoreceptor damage characteristic of rd10 mice." | ( Comparison of Neuroprotective Effects of Monomethylfumarate to the Sigma 1 Receptor Ligand (+)-Pentazocine in a Murine Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa. Saul, A; Smith, SB; Wang, J; Xiao, H, 2020) | 0.56 |
| Role | Description |
|---|---|
| human metabolite | Any mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in humans (Homo sapiens). |
| [role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| dicarboxylic acid | Any carboxylic acid containing two carboxy groups. |
| dicarboxylic fatty acid | |
| [compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res] | |
| Pathway | Proteins | Compounds |
|---|---|---|
| C5-Branched Dibasic Acid Metabolism | 5 | 11 |
| Timeframe | Studies, This Drug (%) | All Drugs % |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 3 (3.66) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 9 (10.98) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 11 (13.41) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 51 (62.20) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 8 (9.76) | 2.80 |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.
| This Compound (56.41) All Compounds (24.57) |
| Publication Type | This drug (%) | All Drugs (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Trials | 1 (1.22%) | 5.53% |
| Reviews | 1 (1.22%) | 6.00% |
| Case Studies | 4 (4.88%) | 4.05% |
| Observational | 0 (0.00%) | 0.25% |
| Other | 76 (92.68%) | 84.16% |
| [information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023] | ||
| Substance | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials | Classes | Roles |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| formic acid formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects. | 2.51 | 2 | 0 | monocarboxylic acid | antibacterial agent; astringent; metabolite; protic solvent; solvent |
| malic acid malic acid : A 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid that is succinic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to a carbon is replaced by a hydroxy group.. 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid : Any dicarboxylic acid carrying a hydroxy group on the carbon atom at position alpha to the carboxy group. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | 2-hydroxydicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite |
| formaldehyde paraform: polymerized formaldehyde; RN given refers to parent cpd; used in root canal therapy | 2.44 | 2 | 0 | aldehyde; one-carbon compound | allergen; carcinogenic agent; disinfectant; EC 3.5.1.4 (amidase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| hydrogen Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | elemental hydrogen; elemental molecule; gas molecular entity | antioxidant; electron donor; food packaging gas; fuel; human metabolite |
| itaconic acid itaconic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is methacrylic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a carboxylic acid group. | 2.48 | 2 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; dicarboxylic fatty acid; olefinic compound | fungal metabolite; human metabolite |
| kynurenine Kynurenine: A metabolite of the essential amino acid tryptophan metabolized via the tryptophan-kynurenine pathway.. kynurenine : A ketone that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 2-aminobenzoyl group. | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | aromatic ketone; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid; substituted aniline | human metabolite |
| methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group. | 2.86 | 3 | 0 | alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound | amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite |
| niacin Niacin: A water-soluble vitamin of the B complex occurring in various animal and plant tissues. It is required by the body for the formation of coenzymes NAD and NADP. It has PELLAGRA-curative, vasodilating, and antilipemic properties.. vitamin B3 : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B3 deficiency. Vitamin B3 deficiency causes a condition known as pellagra whose symptoms include depression, dermatitis and diarrhea. The vitamers include nicotinic acid and nicotinamide (and their ionized and salt forms).. nicotinic acid : A pyridinemonocarboxylic acid that is pyridine in which the hydrogen at position 3 is replaced by a carboxy group. | 2.46 | 2 | 0 | pyridine alkaloid; pyridinemonocarboxylic acid; vitamin B3 | antidote; antilipemic drug; EC 3.5.1.19 (nicotinamidase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human urinary metabolite; metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite; vasodilator agent |
| phosphoenolpyruvate Phosphoenolpyruvate: A monocarboxylic acid anion derived from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid. It is a metabolic intermediate in GLYCOLYSIS; GLUCONEOGENESIS; and other pathways.. phosphoenolpyruvate : A monocarboxylic acid anion resuting from selective deprotonation of the carboxy group of phosphoenolpyruvic acid.. phosphoenolpyruvic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acrylic acid substituted by a phosphonooxy group at position 2. It is a metabolic intermediate in pathways like glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. | 2.17 | 1 | 0 | carboxyalkyl phosphate; monocarboxylic acid | fundamental metabolite |
| pyruvic acid Pyruvic Acid: An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed). pyruvic acid : A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid that is the 2-keto derivative of propionic acid. It is a metabolite obtained during glycolysis. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid | cofactor; fundamental metabolite |
| succinic acid Succinic Acid: A water-soluble, colorless crystal with an acid taste that is used as a chemical intermediate, in medicine, the manufacture of lacquers, and to make perfume esters. It is also used in foods as a sequestrant, buffer, and a neutralizing agent. (Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 12th ed, p1099; McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed, p1851). succinic acid : An alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid resulting from the formal oxidation of each of the terminal methyl groups of butane to the corresponding carboxy group. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid; C4-dicarboxylic acid | anti-ulcer drug; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical; radiation protective agent |
| 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate 1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | aminonaphthalene; naphthalenesulfonic acid | fluorescent probe |
| 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine: A dopaminergic neurotoxic compound which produces irreversible clinical, chemical, and pathological alterations that mimic those found in Parkinson disease.. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine : A tetrahydropyridine that is 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and a phenyl group at position 4. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | methylpyridines; phenylpyridine; tetrahydropyridine | neurotoxin |
| 2,2'-dipyridyl 2,2'-Dipyridyl: A reagent used for the determination of iron.. 2,2'-bipyridine : A bipyridine in which the two pyridine moieties are linked by a bond between positions C-2 and C-2'. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | bipyridine | chelator; ferroptosis inhibitor |
| acetaminophen Acetaminophen: Analgesic antipyretic derivative of acetanilide. It has weak anti-inflammatory properties and is used as a common analgesic, but may cause liver, blood cell, and kidney damage.. paracetamol : A member of the class of phenols that is 4-aminophenol in which one of the hydrogens attached to the amino group has been replaced by an acetyl group. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | acetamides; phenols | antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; environmental contaminant; ferroptosis inducer; geroprotector; hepatotoxic agent; human blood serum metabolite; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; xenobiotic |
| tyramine [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | monoamine molecular messenger; primary amino compound; tyramines | EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter |
| corticosterone [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 11beta-hydroxy steroid; 20-oxo steroid; 21-hydroxy steroid; 3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; C21-steroid; glucocorticoid; primary alpha-hydroxy ketone | human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| carbon tetrachloride Carbon Tetrachloride: A solvent for oils, fats, lacquers, varnishes, rubber waxes, and resins, and a starting material in the manufacturing of organic compounds. Poisoning by inhalation, ingestion or skin absorption is possible and may be fatal. (Merck Index, 11th ed). tetrachloromethane : A chlorocarbon that is methane in which all the hydrogens have been replaced by chloro groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | chlorocarbon; chloromethanes | hepatotoxic agent; refrigerant |
| lysine Lysine: An essential amino acid. It is often added to animal feed.. lysine : A diamino acid that is caproic (hexanoic) acid bearing two amino substituents at positions 2 and 6.. L-lysine : An L-alpha-amino acid; the L-isomer of lysine. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aspartate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion; L-alpha-amino acid; lysine; organic molecular entity; proteinogenic amino acid | algal metabolite; anticonvulsant; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; plant metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration. | 3.53 | 1 | 1 | 17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound | xenoestrogen |
| tyrosine Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid; tyrosine | EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; fundamental metabolite; micronutrient; nutraceutical |
| acrylamide [no description available] | 7.1 | 1 | 0 | acrylamides; N-acylammonia; primary carboxamide | alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; Maillard reaction product; mutagen; neurotoxin |
| benzylamine aminotoluene : Any member of the class of toluenes carrying one or more amino groups. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | aralkylamine; primary amine | allergen; EC 3.5.5.1 (nitrilase) inhibitor; plant metabolite |
| anthracene acene : A polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon consisting of fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement.. acenes : Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons consisting of fused benzene rings in a rectilinear arrangement and their substitution derivatives. | 1.92 | 1 | 0 | acene; anthracenes; ortho-fused tricyclic hydrocarbon | |
| cuprizone [no description available] | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound | |
| monomethyl succinate methylsuccinic acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. methylsuccinic acid : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-methylsuccinic acid. 2-methylbutanedioic acid : A dicarboxylic acid that is butanedioic acid substituted at position 2 by a methyl group. | 2.96 | 3 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid | |
| malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | dialdehyde | biomarker |
| 2-tert-butylhydroquinone 2-tert-butylhydroquinone: an anticarcinogenic and chemopreventive agent. 2-tert-butylhydroquinone : A member of the class of hydroquinones in which one of the ring hydrogens of hydroquinone is replaced by a tert-butyl group. | 2.54 | 2 | 0 | hydroquinones | food antioxidant |
| fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate: Fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins. It is used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques.. fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate : The 5-isomer of fluorescein isothiocyanate. Acts as a fluorescent probe capable of being conjugated to tissue and proteins; used as a label in fluorescent antibody staining procedures as well as protein- and amino acid-binding techniques. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | fluorescein isothiocyanate | |
| n-methylaspartate N-Methylaspartate: An amino acid that, as the D-isomer, is the defining agonist for the NMDA receptor subtype of glutamate receptors (RECEPTORS, NMDA).. N-methyl-D-aspartic acid : An aspartic acid derivative having an N-methyl substituent and D-configuration. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | amino dicarboxylic acid; D-alpha-amino acid; D-aspartic acid derivative; secondary amino compound | neurotransmitter agent |
| iridium Iridium: A metallic element with the atomic symbol Ir, atomic number 77, and atomic weight 192.22. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | cobalt group element atom; platinum group metal atom | |
| manganese Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | elemental manganese; manganese group element atom | Escherichia coli metabolite; micronutrient |
| chromium Chromium: A trace element that plays a role in glucose metabolism. It has the atomic symbol Cr, atomic number 24, and atomic weight 52. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP85-002,1985), chromium and some of its compounds have been listed as known carcinogens.. chromium ion : An chromium atom having a net electric charge.. chromium atom : A chromium group element atom that has atomic number 24. | 2.1 | 1 | 0 | chromium group element atom; metal allergen | micronutrient |
| galactosamine 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-galactopyranose : The pyranose form of D-galactosamine.. D-galactosamine : The D-stereoisomer of galactosamine. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | D-galactosamine; primary amino compound | toxin |
| deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | dihydrogen | |
| deuterium oxide Deuterium Oxide: The isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) It is used to study mechanisms and rates of chemical or nuclear reactions, as well as biological processes. | 2.05 | 1 | 0 | deuterated compound; water | NMR solvent |
| phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | benzenes; phenyl acetates | |
| glutamic acid Glutamic Acid: A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.. glutamic acid : An alpha-amino acid that is glutaric acid bearing a single amino substituent at position 2. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | glutamic acid; glutamine family amino acid; L-alpha-amino acid; proteinogenic amino acid | Escherichia coli metabolite; ferroptosis inducer; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter; nutraceutical |
| adenylyl imidodiphosphate Adenylyl Imidodiphosphate: 5'-Adenylic acid, monoanhydride with imidodiphosphoric acid. An analog of ATP, in which the oxygen atom bridging the beta to the gamma phosphate is replaced by a nitrogen atom. It is a potent competitive inhibitor of soluble and membrane-bound mitochondrial ATPase and also inhibits ATP-dependent reactions of oxidative phosphorylation. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | adenosine 5'-phosphate | |
| etoposide [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | beta-D-glucoside; furonaphthodioxole; organic heterotetracyclic compound | antineoplastic agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor |
| beta-hydroxyisovaleric acid 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid : A 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is isovaleric acid substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group. Used as indicator of biotin deficiency. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | 3-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid | human metabolite |
| monomethyl succinate monomethyl succinate: RN given refers to parent cpd. monomethyl succinate : A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is succinic acid in which one of the carboxy groups has been converted to its methyl ester. | 2.03 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid monoester; hemisuccinate | |
| homocysteine Homocysteine: A thiol-containing amino acid formed by a demethylation of METHIONINE.. homocysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain.. L-homocysteine : A homocysteine that has L configuration. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | amino acid zwitterion; homocysteine; serine family amino acid | fundamental metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| fingolimod hydrochloride Fingolimod Hydrochloride: A sphingosine-derivative and IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT that blocks the migration and homing of LYMPHOCYTES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM through its action on SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS.. fingolimod hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl) ethyl]-1,3-propanediol (fingolimod). | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | hydrochloride | immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist |
| valerates Valerates: Derivatives of valeric acid, including its salts and esters. | 2.21 | 1 | 0 | short-chain fatty acid anion; straight-chain saturated fatty acid anion | plant metabolite |
| f-chemotactic peptide F-chemotactic peptide: potent chemoattractant for human neutrophils | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | ||
| methotrexate [no description available] | 2.08 | 1 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid amide; pteridines | abortifacient; antimetabolite; antineoplastic agent; antirheumatic drug; dermatologic drug; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor; immunosuppressive agent |
| xylose xylopyranose: structure in first source | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | D-xylose | |
| lignin Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). lignin : A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| 3-nitrotyrosine 3-nitrotyrosine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. 3-nitrotyrosine : A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | 2-nitrophenols; C-nitro compound; nitrotyrosine; non-proteinogenic alpha-amino acid | |
| arabinose [no description available] | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | L-arabinose | Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate: Intracellular messenger formed by the action of phospholipase C on phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, which is one of the phospholipids that make up the cell membrane. Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate is released into the cytoplasm where it releases calcium ions from internal stores within the cell's endoplasmic reticulum. These calcium ions stimulate the activity of B kinase or calmodulin. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | myo-inositol trisphosphate | mouse metabolite |
| pentazocine Pentazocine: The first mixed agonist-antagonist analgesic to be marketed. It is an agonist at the kappa and sigma opioid receptors and has a weak antagonist action at the mu receptor. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1991, p97) | 2.25 | 1 | 0 | benzazocine | |
| n-formylmethionine leucyl-phenylalanine N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine: A formylated tripeptide originally isolated from bacterial filtrates that is positively chemotactic to polymorphonuclear leucocytes, and causes them to release lysosomal enzymes and become metabolically activated.. N-formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine : A tripeptide composed of L-Met, L-Leu and L-Phe in a linear sequence with a formyl group at the amino terminus. It acts as a potent inducer of leucocyte chemotaxis and macrophage activator as well as a ligand for the FPR receptor. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | tripeptide | |
| maleic acid maleic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd(Z)-isomer which is maleic acid; all RR's given refer to (Z)-isomer; (E)-isomer is fumaric acid. maleic acid : A butenedioic acid in which the double bond has cis- (Z)-configuration. | 1.98 | 1 | 0 | butenedioic acid | algal metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite |
| acetyl coenzyme a Acetyl Coenzyme A: Acetyl CoA participates in the biosynthesis of fatty acids and sterols, in the oxidation of fatty acids and in the metabolism of many amino acids. It also acts as a biological acetylating agent. | 2.49 | 2 | 0 | acyl-CoA | acyl donor; coenzyme; effector; fundamental metabolite |
| fumaric acid fumaric acid: see also record for ferrous fumarate; use FUMARATES for general fumaric acid esters. fumaric acid : A butenedioic acid in which the C=C double bond has E geometry. It is an intermediate metabolite in the citric acid cycle. | 3.06 | 5 | 0 | butenedioic acid | food acidity regulator; fundamental metabolite; geroprotector |
| fumaramide [no description available] | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ||
| dimethyl fumarate [no description available] | 7.98 | 23 | 1 | diester; enoate ester; methyl ester | antipsoriatic; immunomodulator |
| thioacetamide Thioacetamide: A crystalline compound used as a laboratory reagent in place of HYDROGEN SULFIDE. It is a potent hepatocarcinogen.. thioacetamide : A thiocarboxamide consiting of acetamide having the oxygen replaced by sulfur. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | thiocarboxamide | hepatotoxic agent |
| citramalate citramalate: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. citramalate(2-) : A dicarboxylic acid dianion that is obtained by removal of a proton from both of the carboxylic acid groups of citramalic acid. | 2.59 | 2 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid dianion | human metabolite; plant metabolite |
| myelin basic protein Myelin Basic Protein: An abundant cytosolic protein that plays a critical role in the structure of multilamellar myelin. Myelin basic protein binds to the cytosolic sides of myelin cell membranes and causes a tight adhesion between opposing cell membranes. | 2.06 | 1 | 0 | ||
| bilirubin [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | biladienes; dicarboxylic acid | antioxidant; human metabolite; mouse metabolite |
| glutaconic acid glutaconic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure. glutaconic acid : A pentenedioic acid that is pent-2-ene substituted by carboxy groups at positions 1 and 5.. (E)-glutaconic acid : The (E)-isomer of glutaconic acid. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | glutaconic acid | |
| cholecalciferol Cholecalciferol: Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24.. calciol : A hydroxy seco-steroid that is (5Z,7E)-9,10-secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-triene in which the pro-S hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. It is the inactive form of vitamin D3, being hydroxylated in the liver to calcidiol (25-hydroxyvitamin D3), which is then further hydroxylated in the kidney to give calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3), the active hormone. | 2.11 | 1 | 0 | D3 vitamins; hydroxy seco-steroid; seco-cholestane; secondary alcohol; steroid hormone | geroprotector; human metabolite |
| genistein [no description available] | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | 7-hydroxyisoflavones | antineoplastic agent; EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor; geroprotector; human urinary metabolite; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| ethyl fumarate [no description available] | 2.71 | 3 | 0 | ||
| monomethyl fumarate monomethyl fumarate : A dicarboxylic acid monoester resulting from the formal condensation of one of the carboxy groups of fumaric acid with methanol. Is is a metabolite of dimethyl fumarate and used for the the treatment of patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). It also induces the NFE2L2 (Nrf2) transcription factor by binding to KEAP1. | 3.52 | 4 | 0 | dicarboxylic acid monoester; enoate ester; methyl ester | antioxidant; drug metabolite; immunomodulator |
| fumarates Fumarates: Compounds based on fumaric acid.. fumarate(2-) : A C4-dicarboxylate that is the E-isomer of but-2-enedioate(2-) | 9.13 | 78 | 1 | butenedioate; C4-dicarboxylate | human metabolite; metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| staurosporine staurosporinium : Conjugate acid of staurosporine. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ammonium ion derivative | |
| tri-cyclen [no description available] | 3.53 | 1 | 1 | ||
| sepharose agarose : A linear polysaccharide made up from alternating D-galactose and 3,6-anhydro-alpha-L-galactopyranose residues joined by alpha-(1->3)- and beta-(1->4)-linkages. | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | ||
| norelgestromin norelgestromin: transdermal hormonal contraceptive | 3.53 | 1 | 1 | ||
| nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety. | 2.6 | 1 | 0 | organophosphate oxoanion | cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite |
| chitosan [no description available] | 7.1 | 1 | 0 | ||
| interleukin-8 Interleukin-8: A member of the CXC chemokine family that plays a role in the regulation of the acute inflammatory response. It is secreted by variety of cell types and induces CHEMOTAXIS of NEUTROPHILS and other inflammatory cells. | 2.45 | 2 | 0 | ||
| ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms. | 2.01 | 1 | 0 | ascorbic acid; vitamin C | coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent |
| minocycline Minocycline: A TETRACYCLINE analog, having a 7-dimethylamino and lacking the 5 methyl and hydroxyl groups, which is effective against tetracycline-resistant STAPHYLOCOCCUS infections.. minocycline : A tetracycline analogue having a dimethylamino group at position 7 and lacking the methyl and hydroxy groups at position 5. | 2.13 | 1 | 0 | ||
| teriflunomide [no description available] | 2.15 | 1 | 0 | (trifluoromethyl)benzenes; aromatic amide; enamide; enol; nitrile; secondary carboxamide | drug metabolite; EC 1.3.98.1 [dihydroorotate oxidase (fumarate)] inhibitor; hepatotoxic agent; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; tyrosine kinase inhibitor |
| vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12. | 2.74 | 3 | 0 | ||
| norgestrel Norgestrel: A synthetic progestational agent with actions similar to those of PROGESTERONE. This racemic or (+-)-form has about half the potency of the levo form (LEVONORGESTREL). Norgestrel is used as a contraceptive, ovulation inhibitor, and for the control of menstrual disorders and endometriosis. | 3.53 | 1 | 1 | ||
| rifampin Rifampin: A semisynthetic antibiotic produced from Streptomyces mediterranei. It has a broad antibacterial spectrum, including activity against several forms of Mycobacterium. In susceptible organisms it inhibits DNA-dependent RNA polymerase activity by forming a stable complex with the enzyme. It thus suppresses the initiation of RNA synthesis. Rifampin is bactericidal, and acts on both intracellular and extracellular organisms. (From Gilman et al., Goodman and Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 9th ed, p1160) | 1.99 | 1 | 0 | cyclic ketal; hydrazone; N-iminopiperazine; N-methylpiperazine; rifamycins; semisynthetic derivative; zwitterion | angiogenesis inhibitor; antiamoebic agent; antineoplastic agent; antitubercular agent; DNA synthesis inhibitor; EC 2.7.7.6 (RNA polymerase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; geroprotector; leprostatic drug; neuroprotective agent; pregnane X receptor agonist; protein synthesis inhibitor |
| Condition | Indicated | Relationship Strength | Studies | Trials |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available] | 0 | 3.17 | 4 | 0 |
| Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. | 0 | 3.17 | 4 | 0 |
| Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. | 0 | 3.39 | 6 | 0 |
| Pigmentary Retinopathy [description not available] | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinitis Pigmentosa Hereditary, progressive degeneration of the retina due to death of ROD PHOTORECEPTORS initially and subsequent death of CONE PHOTORECEPTORS. It is characterized by deposition of pigment in the retina. | 0 | 2.25 | 1 | 0 |
| Palmoplantaris Pustulosis [description not available] | 0 | 3.91 | 12 | 0 |
| Psoriasis A common genetically determined, chronic, inflammatory skin disease characterized by rounded erythematous, dry, scaling patches. The lesions have a predilection for nails, scalp, genitalia, extensor surfaces, and the lumbosacral region. Accelerated epidermopoiesis is considered to be the fundamental pathologic feature in psoriasis. | 0 | 3.91 | 12 | 0 |
| Blood Poisoning [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Dysfunction [description not available] | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Liver Diseases Pathological processes of the LIVER. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK. | 0 | 2.17 | 1 | 0 |
| Cerebral Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery [description not available] | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Injury, Ischemia-Reperfusion [description not available] | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Reperfusion Injury Adverse functional, metabolic, or structural changes in tissues that result from the restoration of blood flow to the tissue (REPERFUSION) following ISCHEMIA. | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery NECROSIS occurring in the MIDDLE CEREBRAL ARTERY distribution system which brings blood to the entire lateral aspects of each CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE. Clinical signs include impaired cognition; APHASIA; AGRAPHIA; weak and numbness in the face and arms, contralaterally or bilaterally depending on the infarction. | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Amino Acid Metabolism Disorders, Inborn [description not available] | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Experimental Radiation Injuries [description not available] | 0 | 2.21 | 1 | 0 |
| Retinal Degeneration A retrogressive pathological change in the retina, focal or generalized, caused by genetic defects, inflammation, trauma, vascular disease, or aging. Degeneration affecting predominantly the macula lutea of the retina is MACULAR DEGENERATION. (Newell, Ophthalmology: Principles and Concepts, 7th ed, p304) | 0 | 2.57 | 2 | 0 |
| Allergic Encephalomyelitis [description not available] | 0 | 2.8 | 3 | 0 |
| MS (Multiple Sclerosis) [description not available] | 0 | 3.35 | 6 | 0 |
| Multiple Sclerosis An autoimmune disorder mainly affecting young adults and characterized by destruction of myelin in the central nervous system. Pathologic findings include multiple sharply demarcated areas of demyelination throughout the white matter of the central nervous system. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia, and bladder dysfunction. The usual pattern is one of recurrent attacks followed by partial recovery (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, RELAPSING-REMITTING), but acute fulminating and chronic progressive forms (see MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE) also occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p903) | 0 | 3.35 | 6 | 0 |
| Cancer of Colon [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Necrosis The death of cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury or failure of the blood supply. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Cancer [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| African Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteogenic Sarcoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Bone Neoplasms Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific BONES. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Burkitt Lymphoma A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative. | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Osteosarcoma A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed) | 0 | 2.11 | 1 | 0 |
| Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Illness [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Gastric Ulcer [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Chronic Disease Diseases which have one or more of the following characteristics: they are permanent, leave residual disability, are caused by nonreversible pathological alteration, require special training of the patient for rehabilitation, or may be expected to require a long period of supervision, observation, or care (Dictionary of Health Services Management, 2d ed). For epidemiological studies chronic disease often includes HEART DISEASES; STROKE; CANCER; and diabetes (DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2). | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Stomach Ulcer Ulceration of the GASTRIC MUCOSA due to contact with GASTRIC JUICE. It is often associated with HELICOBACTER PYLORI infection or consumption of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| CBS Deficiency [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Cranial Nerve II Diseases [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Day Blindness [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Deficiency, Vitamin B 12 [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Homocystinuria Autosomal recessive inborn error of methionine metabolism usually caused by a deficiency of CYSTATHIONINE BETA-SYNTHASE and associated with elevations of homocysteine in plasma and urine. Clinical features include a tall slender habitus, SCOLIOSIS, arachnodactyly, MUSCLE WEAKNESS, genu varus, thin blond hair, malar flush, lens dislocations, an increased incidence of MENTAL RETARDATION, and a tendency to develop fibrosis of arteries, frequently complicated by CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENTS and MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p979) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Optic Nerve Diseases Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color vision, and an afferent pupillary defect. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Vitamin B 12 Deficiency A nutritional condition produced by a deficiency of VITAMIN B 12 in the diet, characterized by megaloblastic anemia. Since vitamin B 12 is not present in plants, humans have obtained their supply from animal products, from multivitamin supplements in the form of pills, and as additives to food preparations. A wide variety of neuropsychiatric abnormalities is also seen in vitamin B 12 deficiency and appears to be due to an undefined defect involving myelin synthesis. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p848) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Autosomal Dominant Juvenile Parkinson Disease [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Parkinsonian Disorders A group of disorders which feature impaired motor control characterized by bradykinesia, MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; and postural instability. Parkinsonian diseases are generally divided into primary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE), secondary parkinsonism (see PARKINSON DISEASE, SECONDARY) and inherited forms. These conditions are associated with dysfunction of dopaminergic or closely related motor integration neuronal pathways in the BASAL GANGLIA. | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Swelling [description not available] | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Edema Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6) | 0 | 2.13 | 1 | 0 |
| Cardiovascular Stroke [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Myocardial Infarction NECROSIS of the MYOCARDIUM caused by an obstruction of the blood supply to the heart (CORONARY CIRCULATION). | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Clinically Isolated CNS Demyelinating Syndrome [description not available] | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Demyelinating Diseases Diseases characterized by loss or dysfunction of myelin in the central or peripheral nervous system. | 0 | 2.05 | 1 | 0 |
| Benign Neoplasms, Brain [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Amentia [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| B-Cell Lymphoma [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Neoplasms Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Dementia An acquired organic mental disorder with loss of intellectual abilities of sufficient severity to interfere with social or occupational functioning. The dysfunction is multifaceted and involves memory, behavior, personality, judgment, attention, spatial relations, language, abstract thought, and other executive functions. The intellectual decline is usually progressive, and initially spares the level of consciousness. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Lymphoma, B-Cell A group of heterogeneous lymphoid tumors generally expressing one or more B-cell antigens or representing malignant transformations of B-lymphocytes. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Inborn Errors of Metabolism [description not available] | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Metabolism, Inborn Errors Errors in metabolic processes resulting from inborn genetic mutations that are inherited or acquired in utero. | 0 | 2.45 | 2 | 0 |
| Anterior Cerebral Circulation Infarction [description not available] | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Brain Infarction Tissue NECROSIS in any area of the brain, including the CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, the CEREBELLUM, and the BRAIN STEM. Brain infarction is the result of a cascade of events initiated by inadequate blood flow through the brain that is followed by HYPOXIA and HYPOGLYCEMIA in brain tissue. Damage may be temporary, permanent, selective or pan-necrosis. | 0 | 2.06 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperpotassemia [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Acidosis, Renal Tubular Type IV [description not available] | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Hyperkalemia Abnormally high potassium concentration in the blood, most often due to defective renal excretion. It is characterized clinically by electrocardiographic abnormalities (elevated T waves and depressed P waves, and eventually by atrial asystole). In severe cases, weakness and flaccid paralysis may occur. (Dorland, 27th ed) | 0 | 2.03 | 1 | 0 |
| Acute Liver Injury, Drug-Induced [description not available] | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |
| Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury A spectrum of clinical liver diseases ranging from mild biochemical abnormalities to ACUTE LIVER FAILURE, caused by drugs, drug metabolites, herbal and dietary supplements and chemicals from the environment. | 0 | 1.99 | 1 | 0 |