Page last updated: 2024-12-05

perfluorooctane

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Perfluorooctane (PFO) is a fully fluorinated alkane with the formula C8F18. It is a colorless, odorless, and highly stable liquid at room temperature. PFO is a highly hydrophobic and lipophobic compound, meaning it repels both water and fats. It is known for its exceptional chemical inertness, high dielectric strength, and low surface tension. PFO is synthesized through a multi-step process involving the fluorination of octane. It is a key ingredient in the production of perfluorinated polymers, which are used in a wide range of applications, including non-stick cookware, firefighting foams, and textiles. Due to its persistence in the environment and potential health effects, PFO has been the subject of extensive research. Studies have shown that PFO can accumulate in the body and may be linked to various health problems, such as liver cancer, thyroid abnormalities, and immune system deficiencies. As a result, PFO has been phased out of many products and is now subject to regulatory controls in many countries. Despite its potential health risks, PFO remains a valuable compound in some industrial applications. Researchers are working on developing alternative fluorinated compounds with improved safety profiles.'

perfluorooctane: used in the treatment of giant retinal tears with proliferative vitreoretinopathy [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID9387
CHEBI ID38826
SCHEMBL ID36077
MeSH IDM0198936

Synonyms (36)

Synonym
octadecafluorooctane
perfluorooctane
eftop ef-l 100
octane, octadecafluoro-
brn 1717142
einecs 206-199-2
perfluorooctane, 98%
perfluoroctan
307-34-6
n-perfluorooctane
1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-octadecafluorooctane
CHEBI:38826
octadecafluorooctane fraction, >=97.0% (gc)
perfluoro-n-octane
1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-octadecakis(fluoranyl)octane
A820588
O0268
FT-0676349
octane, 1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-octadecafluoro-
6p60zbk0ql ,
unii-6p60zbk0ql
AKOS015852789
perfluorooctane [who-dd]
perfluorooctane [mart.]
perfluoro octane
SCHEMBL36077
DTXSID0059794
1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8-octadecafluorooctane #
perfluorooctanes
Q-201545
c8f18
mfcd00042083
AS-70771
Q421426
octadecafluoro-octane
E78071

Research Excerpts

Effects

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Perfluorooctane surfactants have been reported in biota, water, and air samples worldwide. "( Mass budget of perfluorooctane surfactants in Lake Ontario.
Boulanger, B; Hornbuckle, KC; Peck, AM; Schnoor, JL, 2005
)
2.12

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"PCPV in humans is a safe and feasible technique."( Perfluorocarbon-perfused vitrectomy: a new method for vitrectomy--a safety and feasibility study.
Agurto-Rivera, R; Fromow-Guerra, J; García-Aguirre, G; Guerrero-Naranjo, J; Leizaola-Fernández, C; Murillo-López, S; Quiroz-Mercado, H; Reategui-Escalante, G; Suárez-Tatá, L, 2005
)
0.33
" Our new method detected toxic PFO lots that corresponded to the lots producing clinical blindness, which previous methods failed to detect."( Comparison between direct contact and extract exposure methods for PFO cytotoxicity evaluation.
Alonso-Alonso, ML; Coco, RM; Fernandez-Bueno, I; Garcia-Gutierrez, MT; Medina, J; Pastor, JC; Rull, F; Srivastava, GK, 2018
)
0.48
" Cytotoxicity biocompatibility tests and chemical analyses by Fourier-transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) of the presumed toxic product were performed."( Acute retinal toxicity associated with a mixture of perfluorooctane and perfluorohexyloctane: failure of another indirect cytotoxicity analysis.
Andrés-Iglesias, C; Coco, RM; Dueñas, A; Fernandez-Bueno, I; Fernandez-Vega-Gonzalez, A; Medina, J; Pastor, JC; Rull, F; Srivastava, GK, 2019
)
0.76
" FTIR spectroscopy showed small differences between the non-toxic and toxic batches."( Acute retinal toxicity associated with a mixture of perfluorooctane and perfluorohexyloctane: failure of another indirect cytotoxicity analysis.
Andrés-Iglesias, C; Coco, RM; Dueñas, A; Fernandez-Bueno, I; Fernandez-Vega-Gonzalez, A; Medina, J; Pastor, JC; Rull, F; Srivastava, GK, 2019
)
0.76
" To determine whether this is also a relevant factor in retinal toxicity, we analyzed eight PFO batches associated with adverse ocular events."( How to Ward Off Retinal Toxicity of Perfluorooctane and Other Perfluorocarbon Liquids?
Dresp, J; Feltgen, N; Hoerauf, H; Lechner, T; Menz, DH; Menz, H; Müller, BK, 2018
)
0.76
" (C) A toxic PFO batch (061014) was purified to remove reactive and underfluorinated impurities."( How to Ward Off Retinal Toxicity of Perfluorooctane and Other Perfluorocarbon Liquids?
Dresp, J; Feltgen, N; Hoerauf, H; Lechner, T; Menz, DH; Menz, H; Müller, BK, 2018
)
0.76
" The H-value is a measure for reactive and underfluorinated impurities that cause toxicity of PFCLs and should be incorporated in each endotamponade specification with a limit of 10 ppm to prove the effectiveness of the ultra-purification required and ensure a safe product."( How to Ward Off Retinal Toxicity of Perfluorooctane and Other Perfluorocarbon Liquids?
Dresp, J; Feltgen, N; Hoerauf, H; Lechner, T; Menz, DH; Menz, H; Müller, BK, 2018
)
0.76
"Perfluorooctane caused significantly more toxic damage than perfluorodecalin."( Chorioretinal Toxicity of Perfluorooctane (Ala Octa): Results From 48 Surgical Procedures in Geneva.
Jonescu-Cuypers, C; Kropp, M; Malcles, A; Souteyrand, G; Thumann, G; Tobalem, SJ; Weinberger, A, 2020
)
2.3
" Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are safe food-grade microorganisms that exhibit high antioxidant activity and bio-binding capacity towards toxins."( Capabilities of bio-binding, antioxidant and intestinal environmental repair jointly determine the ability of lactic acid bacteria to mitigate perfluorooctane sulfonate toxicity.
Chen, Q; Chen, W; Mei, C; Sun, S; Wang, G; Zhang, H; Zhao, J, 2022
)
0.92
"The ocean is an important sink for perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs), but the toxic mechanisms of PFAAs to marine organisms have not been clearly studied."( Bioaccumulation and toxicity of perfluorooctanoic acid and perfluorooctane sulfonate in marine algae Chlorella sp.
Cao, W; Jiang, W; Li, M; Mao, W; Wang, X; Xu, F; Xue, X, 2023
)
1.15
" Results demonstrated that the adsorption of PFOS on PS particles transformed free PFOS into adsorbed state and reduced its bioavailability and potential migration, thus attenuating acute toxic effects such as oxidative stress."( Polystyrene micro and nanoplastics attenuated the bioavailability and toxic effects of Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) on soybean (Glycine max) sprouts.
Jin, T; Liu, Y; Tang, J; Wang, L, 2023
)
1.13
" These findings suggest that PFOS has multiple toxic effects on planarians and may interfere with cell proliferation and neurodevelopment by affecting the key gene expression in the Wnt pathway, providing estimable information on the neurodevelopmental toxicity and ecotoxicity of PFOS toxicity in aquatic animals and environments."( Multiple toxicity evaluations of perfluorooctane sulfonate on intact planarian Dugesia japonica.
Gong, M; Huang, J; Shao, X; Sun, J; Yuan, Z; Zhang, J, 2023
)
1.19

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" Using a novel physiologically-motivated pharmacokinetic model for renal clearance, perfluoroalkylacid pharmacokinetics in monkeys was successfully described by renal resorption via high efficiency transporters for both intravenous and oral dosing."( Pharmacokinetic modeling of saturable, renal resorption of perfluoroalkylacids in monkeys--probing the determinants of long plasma half-lives.
Andersen, ME; Butenhoff, JL; Clewell, HJ; Olsen, GW; Tan, YM, 2006
)
0.33

Bioavailability

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"25%) was very low, possibly related to its low bioavailability in the gastrointestinal tract, steric constraints in crossing biological membranes, and clearing by enterohepatic circulation."( Tissue Uptake, Distribution, and Elimination of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Juvenile Perch through Perfluorooctane Sulfonamidoethanol Based Phosphate Diester Dietary Exposure.
Banas, D; Boiteux, V; Dauchy, X; Feidt, C; Gaillard, J; Le Bizec, B; Marchand, P; Thomas, M; Veyrand, B, 2017
)
0.67
" Results demonstrated that the adsorption of PFOS on PS particles transformed free PFOS into adsorbed state and reduced its bioavailability and potential migration, thus attenuating acute toxic effects such as oxidative stress."( Polystyrene micro and nanoplastics attenuated the bioavailability and toxic effects of Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) on soybean (Glycine max) sprouts.
Jin, T; Liu, Y; Tang, J; Wang, L, 2023
)
1.13

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" Intravenous dosing with both PFOA and PFOS in Cynomolgus monkeys produced time course curves consistent with a two-compartment distribution."( Pharmacokinetic modeling of saturable, renal resorption of perfluoroalkylacids in monkeys--probing the determinants of long plasma half-lives.
Andersen, ME; Butenhoff, JL; Clewell, HJ; Olsen, GW; Tan, YM, 2006
)
0.33
" SAmPAP was only detected in the dosed group and the absorption efficiency (0."( Tissue Uptake, Distribution, and Elimination of Perfluoroalkyl Substances in Juvenile Perch through Perfluorooctane Sulfonamidoethanol Based Phosphate Diester Dietary Exposure.
Banas, D; Boiteux, V; Dauchy, X; Feidt, C; Gaillard, J; Le Bizec, B; Marchand, P; Thomas, M; Veyrand, B, 2017
)
0.67
" GC-MS analysis showed the presence of bromotributyl stannane (whose toxicity was demonstrated in the dose-response curve) only in the toxic batch of Bio Octane Plus."( Acute retinal toxicity associated with a mixture of perfluorooctane and perfluorohexyloctane: failure of another indirect cytotoxicity analysis.
Andrés-Iglesias, C; Coco, RM; Dueñas, A; Fernandez-Bueno, I; Fernandez-Vega-Gonzalez, A; Medina, J; Pastor, JC; Rull, F; Srivastava, GK, 2019
)
0.76
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
fluorocarbonCompounds consisting wholly of fluorine and carbon.
fluoroalkaneA haloalkane that is an alkane in which at least one hydrogen atom has been replaced by a fluorine atom.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Research

Studies (273)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's35 (12.82)18.2507
2000's62 (22.71)29.6817
2010's111 (40.66)24.3611
2020's65 (23.81)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 89.59

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be very strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index89.59 (24.57)
Research Supply Index5.72 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.90 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index158.86 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (89.59)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials6 (2.01%)5.53%
Reviews4 (1.34%)6.00%
Case Studies45 (15.10%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other243 (81.54%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]