Target type: biologicalprocess
The developmental growth of cardiac muscle tissue that contributes to the shaping of the heart. [GOC:mtg_heart]
Cardiac muscle tissue growth, a fundamental process in heart morphogenesis, involves a complex interplay of signaling pathways, gene expression, and cellular interactions. It begins during embryonic development, where cardiac progenitors commit to a cardiomyocyte fate and proliferate rapidly to form the initial heart tube. As development progresses, this tube undergoes looping and chamber formation, driven by coordinated growth of distinct cardiac regions. This growth is achieved through a combination of cardiomyocyte proliferation, hypertrophy, and migration. Myocyte proliferation is crucial in the early stages, ensuring the expansion of the cardiac cell pool. As the heart matures, hypertrophy, an increase in cell size, becomes more prominent, contributing to the thickening of the heart walls and the formation of distinct chambers. Migration of cardiomyocytes allows for the precise positioning of cells within the developing heart, enabling the formation of specialized structures like valves and trabeculae. This intricate process is tightly regulated by a multitude of signaling pathways, including the Wnt, Notch, and Hedgehog pathways, which play critical roles in cell fate determination, proliferation, and differentiation. Furthermore, numerous transcription factors, such as GATA4, NKX2.5, and MEF2, control the expression of genes involved in heart development. These factors orchestrate the expression of proteins crucial for cardiomyocyte function, including contractile proteins like myosin and actin, and proteins involved in cell adhesion and signaling. The growth of cardiac muscle tissue is also influenced by extracellular matrix proteins, which provide structural support and serve as signaling cues for cardiomyocytes. Throughout this process, the heart undergoes extensive remodeling, with cells continuously interacting with each other and their environment to achieve the final, functional form of the mature organ.'
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Protein | Definition | Taxonomy |
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Sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 | A sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 that is encoded in the genome of human. [PRO:WCB, UniProtKB:P21453] | Homo sapiens (human) |
Compound | Definition | Classes | Roles |
---|---|---|---|
fingolimod hydrochloride | fingolimod hydrochloride : The hydrochloride salt of 2-amino-2-[2-(4-octylphenyl) ethyl]-1,3-propanediol (fingolimod). Fingolimod Hydrochloride: A sphingosine-derivative and IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT that blocks the migration and homing of LYMPHOCYTES to the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM through its action on SPHINGOSINE 1-PHOSPHATE RECEPTORS. It is used in the treatment of MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS. | hydrochloride | immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist |
fingolimod | fingolimod : An aminodiol that consists of propane-1,3-diol having amino and 2-(4-octylphenyl)ethyl substituents at the 2-position. It is a sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor modulator used for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. A prodrug, fingolimod is phosphorylated by sphingosine kinase to active metabolite fingolimod-phosphate, a structural analogue of sphingosine 1-phosphate. | aminodiol; primary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; CB1 receptor antagonist; immunosuppressive agent; prodrug; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist |
sew2871 | SEW2871: structure in first source | oxadiazole; ring assembly | |
sphingosine 1-phosphate | sphingosine 1-phosphate : A phosphosphingolipid that consists of sphingosine having a phospho group attached at position 1 sphingosine 1-phosphate: RN given refers to (R-(R*,S*-(E)))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 8/89 | sphingoid 1-phosphate | mouse metabolite; signalling molecule; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist; T-cell proliferation inhibitor; vasodilator agent |
N-cyclohexyl-5-propyl-3-isoxazolecarboxamide | aromatic amide; heteroarene | ||
N,N-dicyclohexyl-5-propyl-3-isoxazolecarboxamide | aromatic amide; heteroarene | ||
fty 720p | fingolimod phosphate : A primary amino compound that is fingolimod in which one on the hydroxy groups has been converted into its dihydrogen phosphate derivative. It is the active metabolite of fingolimod. | monoalkyl phosphate; primary alcohol; primary amino compound | antineoplastic agent; immunosuppressive agent; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor agonist |
jte 013 | JTE 013: an Edg-5 antagonist JTE-013 : A semicarbazide derivative that is semicarbazide in which the amino group at position 2 is replaced by a [1,3-dimethyl-4-(propan-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-6-yl]amino group and the amino group adjacent to the carbonyl is replaced by a (2,6-dichloropyridin-4-yl)amino group. It is a potent S1P2 antagonist (IC50 = 17.6 nM). | chloropyridine; pyrazolopyridine | anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; osteogenesis regulator; pro-angiogenic agent; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 antagonist |
auy 954 | AUY 954: an S1P(1) receptor agonist; structure in first source | ||
ponesimod | ponesimod: structure in first source | ||
fty 720p | |||
VPC 23019 | VPC 23019 : A secondary carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of O-phospho-D-serine with the amino group of m-octylaniline. An analogue of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), it is a potent antagonist for both S1P1 and S1P3 receptors. It can inhibit S1P-induced migration of thyroid cancer cells, ovarian cancer cells, and neural stem cells. VPC23019: inhibits S1P3 receptor; structure in first source | aromatic amide; D-serine derivative; organic phosphate; phosphoric ester; secondary carboxamide | sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 antagonist; sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 3 antagonist |
gw9508 | GW9508: structure in first source | aromatic amine | |
cs-2100 | |||
cym-5442 | oxadiazole; ring assembly | ||
siponimod | siponimod: S1P receptor modulator |