Page last updated: 2024-12-06

dianhydrogalactitol

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth

Description

Dianhydrogalactitol: One of the cytotoxic dihalohexitols that alkylates and cross-links DNA via an epoxide group during all phases of the cell cycle, resulting in a disruption of DNA function and cell cycle arrest. It has antineoplastic activity and also causes bone marrow toxicity. [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID15942827
CHEMBL ID3137322
SCHEMBL ID4306431
MeSH IDM0006206

Synonyms (34)

Synonym
nsc-132313
1,2:5,6-dianhydrogalactitol
dulcitoldiepoxide
dulcitol diepoxide
dianhydrogalactitol
23261-20-3
val-083
unii-4s465ryf7m
4s465ryf7m ,
dianhydrogalactitol [usan:inn]
HY-16513
CS-1358
1,2:5,6-dianhdrogalactitol
CHEMBL3137322
nsc-1323313
dianhydrogalactitol [usan]
dianhydrogalactitol [inn]
dianhydrogalactitol [who-dd]
meso-(1r,2s)-1-[(2r)-oxiran-2-yl]-2-[(2s)-oxiran-2-yl]ethane-1,2-diol
SCHEMBL4306431
dianhydrogalactitol (usan/inn)
D10623
AAFJXZWCNVJTMK-GUCUJZIJSA-N
J-015059
DB12873
(1r,2s)-1-((r)-oxiran-2-yl)-2-((s)-oxiran-2-yl)ethane-1,2-diol
(1s,2r)-1-[(2s)-oxiran-2-yl]-2-[(2r)-oxiran-2-yl]ethane-1,2-diol
Q27260414
D87165
MS-22831
DTXSID90878831
(1r,2s)-1-[(2r)-oxiran-2-yl]-2-[(2s)-oxiran-2-yl]ethane-1,2-diol
val083
AKOS040742808

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" The mannitol derivatives were selectively myelosuppressive, being twice as toxic towards granulocytes as towards lymphocytes."( Toxicity, antitumour and haematological effects of 1,2-anhydro-6-bromogalactitol and d-mannitol: a comparison with the related dibromo- and dianhydro-derivatives.
Hegedüs, L; Horváth, IP; Jarman, M; Somfai-Relle, S, 1982
)
0.26

Pharmacokinetics

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" We conclude that in addition to the distance between the AUCs of the LD10 and of the human starting dose, interspecies pharmacokinetic differences should also be considered in planning the rate of dose escalation."( The role of comparative pharmacokinetics in the planning of human dose escalation: the experience with diacetyldianhydrogalactitol.
Csetényi, J; Erdélyi-Tóth, V; Kanyár, B; Kerpel-Fronius, S; Kovács, P; Somfai-Relle, S; Ujj, G, 1988
)
0.27
"A combined clinical and pharmacokinetic phase I study of the substituted hexitol dibromodulcitol (DBD), administered as a single oral monthly dose, has been performed."( Pharmacokinetics of dibromodulcitol in humans: a phase I study.
Andersen, J; Frei, E; Furlong, EA; Henner, WD; Kelley, SL; Peters, WP, 1986
)
0.27
" In order to elucidate the role of DAG as a mediator of the alkylating action of the cytostatic drug dibromodulcitol (DBD), the pharmacokinetic parameters of DAG and DBD were compared."( Pharmacokinetics and metabolism of dianhydrogalactitol DAG in patients: a comparison with the human disposition of dibromodulcitol DBD.
Csetényi, J; Eckhardt, S; Hegedüs, L; Horváth, IP; Kanyár, B; Kerpel-Fronius, S, 1986
)
0.27

Dosage Studied

ExcerptRelevanceReference
" The nadir of the intestinal damage and the time of regeneration were influenced both by the dose and the dosage schedule of the drugs."( Biochemical changes of intestinal epithelial cells induced by cytostatic agents in rats.
Kralovánszky, J; Prajda, N, 1985
)
0.27
" Higher doses (greater than 5 mg/kg) administered in the inductive phase had a marked suppressive effect while treatments at this dosage preceding immunization resulted in a stimulation."( Inhibitory and stimulatory effects of dianhydrogalactitol, an alkylating cytostatic agent on the humoral immune response.
Gaál, D; Gerö, E, 1986
)
0.27
" The initial dosage was 60 mg/m2/wk with escalation to 75 mg/m2/wk if there were no adverse effects."( Phase II evaluation of dianhydrogalactitol in the treatment of advanced non-squamous cervical carcinoma. A Gynecologic Oncology Group study.
Blessing, JA; Currie, JL; Homesley, HD; Stehman, FB; Yordan, EL, 1984
)
0.27
" The initial dosage was 60 mg/m2 with escalation to 75 mg/m2 if there were no adverse effects."( Phase II trial of galactitol 1,2:5,6-dianhydro (NSC 132313) in the treatment of advanced gynecologic malignancies: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study.
Blessing, JA; Blom, J; Ehrlich, CE; Mangan, C; Stehman, FB, 1983
)
0.27
" The shape of the DAG dose-response curves was similar to that of those observed for most oncolytic agents."( Chemotherapeutic approaches to brain tumors. Experimental observations with dianhydrogalactitol and dibromodulcitol.
Levin, VA; Wheeler, KT, 1982
)
0.26
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (106)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-199085 (80.19)18.7374
1990's9 (8.49)18.2507
2000's7 (6.60)29.6817
2010's3 (2.83)24.3611
2020's2 (1.89)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials8 (6.84%)5.53%
Reviews4 (3.42%)6.00%
Case Studies4 (3.42%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other101 (86.32%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Clinical Trials (6)

Trial Overview

TrialPhaseEnrollmentStudy TypeStart DateStatus
A Pivotal Randomized, Controlled Trial of VAL-083 in Patients With Recurrent Glioblastoma Who Have Failed Standard Temozolomide/Radiation Therapy and Bevacizumab (STAR-3) [NCT03149575]Phase 32 participants (Actual)Interventional2017-10-27Terminated(stopped due to Change in clinical development plan)
Phase 2 Study of VAL-083 Treatment for MGMT Unmethylated Bevacizumab-naïve Glioblastoma in the Adjuvant or Recurrent Setting [NCT02717962]Phase 2119 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-01-20Active, not recruiting
Open-label, Single Arm, Safety and Tolerability Dose Escalation Study of VAL-083 in Patients With Recurrent Malignant Glioma [NCT01478178]Phase 1/Phase 255 participants (Actual)Interventional2011-10-31Completed
An Open Label Trial of Dianhydrogalactitol (VAL-083) and Radiation Therapy in Treatment of Newly Diagnosed GBM Patients With An Unmethylated Promoter of the Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase (MGMT) Gene [NCT03050736]Phase 230 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2017-12-17Active, not recruiting
GBM AGILE: Global Adaptive Trial Master Protocol: An International, Seamless Phase II/III Response Adaptive Randomization Platform Trial Designed To Evaluate Multiple Regimens In Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent GBM [NCT03970447]Phase 2/Phase 31,030 participants (Anticipated)Interventional2019-07-30Recruiting
A Phase 1/2, Open Label, Multi-center Study of VAL-083 in Patients With Recurrent Platinum Resistant Ovarian Cancer [NCT03281681]Phase 1/Phase 20 participants (Actual)Interventional2021-03-31Withdrawn(stopped due to Alternate study design for ovarian cancer under discussion)
[information is prepared from clinicaltrials.gov, extracted Sep-2024]