Page last updated: 2024-12-07

sesamolin

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

Sesamolin is a lignan found in sesame seeds. It is a natural antioxidant and has been shown to have a variety of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and neuroprotective effects. Sesamolin is synthesized in plants through the shikimate pathway. It is thought to be a valuable ingredient in sesame seeds for its antioxidant properties, helping protect against oxidative stress and its harmful effects. Sesamolin is studied for its potential health benefits, including its ability to protect against heart disease, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. More research is needed to fully understand the effects of sesamolin on human health.'

sesamolin: constituent of sesame oil; RN given refers to the (1S-(1alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha)-isomer); inhibits proliferation of human lymphocytic leukemia cells in culture [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	101746
CHEMBL ID	2059646
CHEBI ID	175751
SCHEMBL ID	163696
MeSH ID	M0153020

Synonyms (28)

Synonym
5-[[(3s,3ar,6r,6ar)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrouro[3,4-c]uran-6-yl]oxy]-1,3-benzodioxole
CHEBI:175751
526-07-8
sesamolin
5-[[(3s,3ar,6r,6ar)-3-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-1,3,3a,4,6,6a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-6-yl]oxy]-1,3-benzodioxole
ai3-20978
unii-7a90tj149g
1,3-benzodioxole, 5-(4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)tetrahydro-1h,3h-furo(3,4-c)furan-1-yl)-, (1s-(1alpha,3a alpha,4alpha,6a alpha))-
7a90tj149g ,
CHEMBL2059646
1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl (1r,3ar,4s,6ar)-4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)perhydrofuro(3,4-c)furan-1-yl ether
sesamolin [mi]
(1s,3ar,4r,6ar)-5-(4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)tetrahydro-1h,3h-furo(3,4-c)furan-1-yl)-1,3-benzodioxole
SCHEMBL163696
5-(((1r,3ar,4s,6ar)-4-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-1-yl)oxy)benzo[d][1,3]dioxole
AC-35092
Q-100595
A1-06842
AS-74827
5-[(1s,3ar,4r,6ar)-4-(2h-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)-hexahydrofuro[3,4-c]furan-1-yl]-2h-1,3-benzodioxole
AKOS030573689
DTXSID90878472 ,
HY-N0809
mfcd04112844
Q15720551
CS-0009814
1,3-benzodioxole,5-[4-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)tetrahydro-1h,3h-furo[3,4-c]furan-1-yl]-,(1s,3ar,4r,6ar)-
dtxcid301323428

Research Excerpts

Overview

Sesamolin is a lignan compound isolated from sesame seeds. It has several beneficial properties, including potential for melanin inhibition.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Sesamolin is a lignan compound isolated from sesame seeds with several beneficial properties, including potential for melanin inhibition."	( Inhibitory Effect of Sesamolin on Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells Determined by In Vitro and Molecular Docking Analyses. Baek, SH; Kang, MG; Park, D, 2020)	1.6

Actions

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Sesamolin was able to inhibit H2O2-induced p38 MAPK and caspase-3 activation and cell death."	( Oxidative toxicity in BV-2 microglia cells: sesamolin neuroprotection of H2O2 injury involving activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Chen, YS; Hou, RC; Huang, JR; Jeng, KC; Wu, CC, 2005)	1.31

Toxicity

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" These findings demonstrated that, among three sesame lignans tested, sesamin protected against Aβ toxicity by reducing toxic Aβ oligomers."	( Sesamin and sesamolin reduce amyloid-β toxicity in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. Bunargin, W; Keowkase, R; Shoomarom, N; Sitthithaworn, W; Weerapreeyakul, N, 2018)	0.86

Bioavailability

differences in bioavailability may contribute to the divergent effects of sesamin and sesamolin on hepatic fatty acid oxidation. However, the bioavailability of sedamolin was poor in mice.

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" The increased bioavailability of tocopherols in the presence of dietary lignans might be due to the regeneration of oxidized tocopherols."	( Dietary sesame oils inhibits iron-induced oxidative stress in rats [corrected]. Hemalatha, S; Raghunath, M, 2004)	0.32
" Differences in bioavailability may contribute to the divergent effects of sesamin and sesamolin on hepatic fatty acid oxidation."	( Comparative analysis of sesame lignans (sesamin and sesamolin) in affecting hepatic fatty acid metabolism in rats. Adachi, Y; Ide, T; Lim, JS; Takahashi, Y, 2007)	0.81
" However, the bioavailability of sesamin and sesamolin was poor in mice."	( Using Turmeric Oil as a Solvent Improves the Distribution of Sesamin-Sesamolin in the Serum and Brain of Mice. Iwamoto, K; Makino, S; Matsumura, S; Moriyama, T; Yamamoto, A; Yoshioka, Y; Zaima, N, 2019)	1.01

[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Drug Classes (1)

Class	Description
benzodioxoles
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathways (1)

Pathway	Proteins	Compounds
sesamin biosynthesis	0	15

Bioassays (4)

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID673419	Inhibition of rat intestinal sucrase using sucrose as substrate at 10 mg/ml preincubated for 10 mins before substrate addition by glucose oxidase method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 22, Issue:16	(+)-Pinoresinol is a putative hypoglycemic agent in defatted sesame (Sesamum indicum) seeds though inhibiting α-glucosidase.
AID673421	Inhibition of rat intestinal maltase using maltose as substrate at 10 mg/ml preincubated for 10 mins before substrate addition by glucose oxidase method	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 22, Issue:16	(+)-Pinoresinol is a putative hypoglycemic agent in defatted sesame (Sesamum indicum) seeds though inhibiting α-glucosidase.
AID779150	Inhibition of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway in human HEK293 cells at 20 uM after 24 hrs by dual luciferase reporter gene assay relative to vehicle-treated control	2013	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-15, Volume: 23, Issue:20	Anti-proliferative activity of hydnocarpin, a natural lignan, is associated with the suppression of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in colon cancer cells.
AID673424	Inhibition of bakers yeast alpha-glucosidase using p-nitrophenyl-(alpha-D-glucopyranoside) as substrate preincubated for 10 mins before substrate addition by microplate reader	2012	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Aug-15, Volume: 22, Issue:16	(+)-Pinoresinol is a putative hypoglycemic agent in defatted sesame (Sesamum indicum) seeds though inhibiting α-glucosidase.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (56)

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	1 (1.79)	18.7374
1990's	2 (3.57)	18.2507
2000's	12 (21.43)	29.6817
2010's	23 (41.07)	24.3611
2020's	18 (32.14)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 34.75

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be moderate demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

Metric	This Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index	34.75 (24.57)
Research Supply Index	4.06 (2.92)
Research Growth Index	5.45 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index	43.31 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index	2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (34.75)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	4 (7.02%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (1.75%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	52 (91.23%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
protocatechuic acid protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4.	2.25	1	catechols; dihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid 4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.	2.25	1	monohydroxybenzoic acid	algal metabolite; plant metabolite
gallic acid gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.	2.25	1	trihydroxybenzoic acid	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; astringent; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor; geroprotector; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
methanol Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.	2.04	1	alkyl alcohol; one-carbon compound; primary alcohol; volatile organic compound	amphiprotic solvent; Escherichia coli metabolite; fuel; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
phenol [no description available]	2.25	1	phenols	antiseptic drug; disinfectant; human xenobiotic metabolite; mouse metabolite
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	2.15	1	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine 1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine: A potent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor; due to this action, the compound increases cyclic AMP and cyclic GMP in tissue and thereby activates CYCLIC NUCLEOTIDE-REGULATED PROTEIN KINASES. 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine : An oxopurine that is xanthine which is substituted at positions 1 and 3 by methyl and isobutyl groups, respectively.	2.25	1	3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine
propylparaben Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)	2.25	1	benzoate ester; paraben; phenols	antifungal agent; antimicrobial agent
thiazoles [no description available]	2.02	1	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	2.11	1	dialdehyde	biomarker
d-alpha tocopherol Vitamin E: A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.. tocopherol : A collective name for a group of closely related lipids that contain a chroman-6-ol nucleus substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and by a saturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. They are designated as alpha-, beta-, gamma-, and delta-tocopherol depending on the number and position of additional methyl substituents on the aromatic ring. Tocopherols occur in vegetable oils and vegetable oil products, almost exclusively with R,R,R configuration. Tocotrienols differ from tocopherols only in having three double bonds in the hydrocarbon chain.. vitamin E : Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen.. (R,R,R)-alpha-tocopherol : An alpha-tocopherol that has R,R,R configuration. The naturally occurring stereoisomer of alpha-tocopherol, it is found particularly in sunflower and olive oils.	2.48	2	alpha-tocopherol	algal metabolite; antiatherogenic agent; anticoagulant; antioxidant; antiviral agent; EC 2.7.11.13 (protein kinase C) inhibitor; immunomodulator; micronutrient; nutraceutical; plant metabolite
tocopherols [no description available]	2.44	2
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	2.02	1	dihydrogen
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.	2.66	2	D-glucopyranose	epitope; mouse metabolite
thiazolyl blue thiazolyl blue: RN & II refers to bromide. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide : The bromide salt of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium.	2.02	1	organic bromide salt	colorimetric reagent; dye
sesamol sesamol: constituent of sesame oil; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	5.65	13	benzodioxoles
magnolol [no description available]	2.08	1	biphenyls
honokiol [no description available]	2.08	1	biphenyls
sesamin (+)-sesamin : A lignan that consists of tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by 1,3-benzodioxole groups at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,3aR,4S,6aR stereoisomer). Isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.	7.1	42	benzodioxoles; furofuran; lignan	antineoplastic agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
nicotine (S)-nicotine : A 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine in which the chiral centre has S-configuration. The naturally occurring and most active enantiomer of nicotine, isolated from Nicotiana tabacum.	2.21	1	3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)pyridine	anxiolytic drug; biomarker; immunomodulator; mitogen; neurotoxin; nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonist; peripheral nervous system drug; phytogenic insecticide; plant metabolite; psychotropic drug; teratogenic agent; xenobiotic
gamma-tocopherol gamma-Tocopherol: A natural tocopherol with less antioxidant activity than ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL. It exhibits antioxidant activity by virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus. As in BETA-TOCOPHEROL, it also has three methyl groups on the 6-chromanol nucleus but at different sites.. gamma-tocopherol : A tocopherol in which the chroman-6-ol core is substituted by methyl groups at positions 7 and 8. It is found particularly in maize (corn) oil and soya bean (soybean) oils.	3.55	2	tocopherol; vitamin E	algal metabolite; food antioxidant; plant metabolite
sesaminol sesaminol: structure given in first source; RN given from CAS Index Guide 1990; RN given refers to the (1S-(alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 11/90. sesaminol : A furofuran that is cis-tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by a 6-hydroxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 1S and a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 4S. It is metabolite found in sesame seeds.	4.33	5	benzodioxoles; furofuran; organic hydroxy compound	antioxidant; plant metabolite
tetrahydrocurcumin tetrahydrocurcumin : A beta-diketone that is curcumin in which both of the double bonds have been reduced to single bonds.	2.05	1	beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; polyphenol	metabolite
schizandrin b (+)-schisandrin B : An organic heterotetracyclic compound that is found in Fructus Schisandrae and Schisandra chinensis.	2.08	1	aromatic ether; cyclic acetal; organic heterotetracyclic compound; oxacycle; tannin	anti-asthmatic agent; anti-inflammatory agent; antilipemic drug; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; hepatoprotective agent; nephroprotective agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
pinoresinol diglucoside pinoresinol diglucoside: major antihypertensive principle of Tu-Chung (Eucummia ulmoides, Oliver); structure	2.25	1
elastin [no description available]	2.21	1	oligopeptide
lignans Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)	7.08	41
ferulic acid ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.	2.25	1	ferulic acids	anti-inflammatory agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inhibitor; cardioprotective agent; MALDI matrix material; plant metabolite
trans-4-coumaric acid hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring.	2.25	1	4-coumaric acid	food component; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
curcumin Curcumin: A yellow-orange dye obtained from tumeric, the powdered root of CURCUMA longa. It is used in the preparation of curcuma paper and the detection of boron. Curcumin appears to possess a spectrum of pharmacological properties, due primarily to its inhibitory effects on metabolic enzymes.. curcumin : A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa.	2.05	1	aromatic ether; beta-diketone; diarylheptanoid; enone; polyphenol	anti-inflammatory agent; antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; biological pigment; contraceptive drug; dye; EC 1.1.1.205 (IMP dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.21 (aldehyde reductase) inhibitor; EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor; EC 1.6.5.2 [NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; EC 1.8.1.9 (thioredoxin reductase) inhibitor; EC 2.7.10.2 (non-specific protein-tyrosine kinase) inhibitor; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; flavouring agent; food colouring; geroprotector; hepatoprotective agent; immunomodulator; iron chelator; ligand; lipoxygenase inhibitor; metabolite; neuroprotective agent; nutraceutical; radical scavenger
coniferyl alcohol coniferyl alcohol: structure. coniferol : A phenylpropanoid that is one of the main monolignols, produced by the reduction of the carboxy functional group in cinnamic acid and the addition of a hydroxy and a methoxy substituent to the aromatic ring.	3.41	1	guaiacols; phenylpropanoid	animal metabolite; monolignol; mouse metabolite; pheromone; plant metabolite; volatile oil component
D-fructopyranose [no description available]	2.9	2	cyclic hemiketal; D-fructose; fructopyranose	sweetening agent
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)	2.02	1
schizandrin [no description available]	2.08	1
paulownin paulownin: lignan isolated from heartwood of Phyllarthron comorense DC; structure	2.08	1
silybin [no description available]	2.08	1
quercetin [no description available]	2.25	1	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
astaxanthine astaxanthine: a keto form of carotene; pigment in flesh of Scottish salmon (Salmo salar) crustacoa-lobster (Homarus gammarus, flamingo feathers; structure; a carotenoid without vitamin A activity, has shown anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. astaxanthin : A carotenone that consists of beta,beta-carotene-4,4'-dione bearing two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 3' (the 3S,3'S diastereomer). A carotenoid pigment found mainly in animals (crustaceans, echinoderms) but also occurring in plants. It can occur free (as a red pigment), as an ester, or as a blue, brown or green chromoprotein.	2.05	1	carotenol; carotenone	animal metabolite; anticoagulant; antioxidant; food colouring; plant metabolite
rosmarinic acid rosmarinic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; promote OT project. (R)-rosmarinic acid : A stereoisomer of rosmarinic acid having (R)-configuration.. rosmarinic acid : The 1-carboxy-2-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl ester of trans-caffeic acid.	2.08	1	rosmarinic acid	geroprotector; plant metabolite
aldosterone dehydrodiisoeugenol: an isoeugenol dimer, inhibits lipopolysaccharide-stimulated nuclear factor kappa B activation and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in macrophages; structure in first source	2.08	1
tocotrienols tocotrienol : A tocol in which the hydrocarbon chain at position 2 contains three double bonds.	2.05	1	diterpenoid
(-)-pinoresinol (-)-pinoresinol : An enantiomer of pinoresinol having (-)-1R,3aS,4R,6aS-configuration.	2.07	1	pinoresinol	plant metabolite
pinoresinol pinoresinol: in plants; a furo[3,4-c]furan created from dimer of coniferyl alcohol. pinoresinol : A lignan that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted at positions 1 and 4 by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl groups.	1.99	1
phytoestrogens Phytoestrogens: Compounds derived from plants, primarily ISOFLAVONES that mimic or modulate endogenous estrogens, usually by binding to ESTROGEN RECEPTORS.	2.05	1
carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman: structure in first source	2.02	1
pravastatin acanthoside D: from Salsola collina	2.08	1	glycoside; lignan
deoxyguanosine [no description available]	1.99	1	purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside; purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine 8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.	1.99	1	guanosines	biomarker

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Adult-Onset [description not available]	2.07	1
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 A subclass of DIABETES MELLITUS that is not INSULIN-responsive or dependent (NIDDM). It is characterized initially by INSULIN RESISTANCE and HYPERINSULINEMIA; and eventually by GLUCOSE INTOLERANCE; HYPERGLYCEMIA; and overt diabetes. Type II diabetes mellitus is no longer considered a disease exclusively found in adults. Patients seldom develop KETOSIS but often exhibit OBESITY.	2.07	1
Cancer of Colon [description not available]	2.08	1
Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON.	2.08	1
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	2.41	1
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	7.41	1
Fatty Liver, Nonalcoholic [description not available]	4.12	10
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Fatty liver finding without excessive ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION.	4.12	10
Obesity A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).	4.02	9
Intestinal Diseases Pathological processes in any segment of the INTESTINE from DUODENUM to RECTUM.	2.6	1
Endotoxemia A condition characterized by the presence of ENDOTOXINS in the blood. On lysis, the outer cell wall of gram-negative bacteria enters the systemic circulation and initiates a pathophysiologic cascade of pro-inflammatory mediators.	2.6	1
Colorectal Cancer [description not available]	7.21	1
Colorectal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON or the RECTUM or both. Risk factors for colorectal cancer include chronic ULCERATIVE COLITIS; FAMILIAL POLYPOSIS COLI; exposure to ASBESTOS; and irradiation of the CERVIX UTERI.	2.21	1
B16 Melanoma [description not available]	2.25	1
Infections, Pseudomonas [description not available]	3.23	1
Pseudomonas Infections Infections with bacteria of the genus PSEUDOMONAS.	3.23	1
Palsy [description not available]	2.17	1
Paralysis A general term most often used to describe severe or complete loss of muscle strength due to motor system disease from the level of the cerebral cortex to the muscle fiber. This term may also occasionally refer to a loss of sensory function. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p45)	2.17	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2.17	1
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2.17	1
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	2.21	1
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm [description not available]	2.21	1
Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal An abnormal balloon- or sac-like dilatation in the wall of the ABDOMINAL AORTA which gives rise to the visceral, the parietal, and the terminal (iliac) branches below the aortic hiatus at the diaphragm.	2.21	1
African Lymphoma [description not available]	2.11	1
Burkitt Lymphoma A form of undifferentiated malignant LYMPHOMA usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.	2.11	1
Idiopathic Parkinson Disease [description not available]	2.05	1
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	2.05	1
Parkinson Disease A progressive, degenerative neurologic disease characterized by a TREMOR that is maximal at rest, retropulsion (i.e. a tendency to fall backwards), rigidity, stooped posture, slowness of voluntary movements, and a masklike facial expression. Pathologic features include loss of melanin containing neurons in the substantia nigra and other pigmented nuclei of the brainstem. LEWY BODIES are present in the substantia nigra and locus coeruleus but may also be found in a related condition (LEWY BODY DISEASE, DIFFUSE) characterized by dementia in combination with varying degrees of parkinsonism. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1059, pp1067-75)	2.05	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.06	1
Blood Clot [description not available]	2.06	1
Thrombosis Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in the blood vessel.	2.06	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.04	1
Leukemia, Lymphocytic [description not available]	2	1
Leukemia, Lymphoid Leukemia associated with HYPERPLASIA of the lymphoid tissues and increased numbers of circulating malignant LYMPHOCYTES and lymphoblasts.	2	1
Contact Dermatitis [description not available]	1.97	1
Cheilitis Inflammation of the lips. It is of various etiologies and degrees of pathology.	1.97	1
Dermatitis, Contact A type of acute or chronic skin reaction in which sensitivity is manifested by reactivity to materials or substances coming in contact with the skin. It may involve allergic or non-allergic mechanisms.	1.97	1

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