Compounds > coniferyl alcohol
Page last updated: 2024-11-09

coniferyl alcohol

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

coniferyl alcohol: structure [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

coniferol : A phenylpropanoid that is one of the main monolignols, produced by the reduction of the carboxy functional group in cinnamic acid and the addition of a hydroxy and a methoxy substituent to the aromatic ring. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID1549095
CHEMBL ID501870
CHEBI ID17745
SCHEMBL ID177683
MeSH IDM0056128

Synonyms (79)

Synonym
4-[(e)-3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl]-2-methoxyphenol
(e)-coniferol
trans-coniferol
458-35-5
4-[(1e)-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl]-2-methoxyphenol
4-[(1e)-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl]-2-methoxyphenol
CHEBI:17745 ,
2-propen-1-ol, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-
2-propen-1-ol, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl), (e)-
4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenol
C00590
coniferol
trans-coniferyl alcohol
coniferyl alcohol
coniferyl alcohol, 98%
4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamyl alcohol
e-coniferyl alcohol
3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-ol
gamma-hydroxyisoeugenol
CONIFERYL-ALCOHOL ,
F8420572-6986-4EF3-917B-3298FD384F2C
4-(3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl)-2-methoxyphenol
BMSE000602
4-hydroxy-3-methoxy cinnamyl alcohol
BMSE010285
BMSE010248
CHEMBL501870
AKOS005258118
ai3-36149
4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamylic alcohol
phenol, 4-(3-hydroxy-1-propen-1-yl)-2-methoxy-
einecs 207-277-9
A826901
4-(3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenol
(e)-coniferyl alcohol
unii-e7sm92591p
coniferyl alcohol [mi]
4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic alcohol
32811-40-8
coniferyl alcohol, e-
e7sm92591p ,
4-(3-hydroxy-1-propen-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenol
phenol, 4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxy-, (e)-
.gamma.-hydroxyisoeugenol
phenol, 4-((1e)-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxy-
4-((1e)-3-hydroxy-1-propen-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenol
2-propen-1-ol, 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-, (e)-
EPITOPE ID:116871
4E70
(e)-4-(3 -hydroxyprop-1-enyl)-2-methoxyphenol
4-[(e)-3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl]-2-methoxy-phenol
SCHEMBL177683
PS-4366
4-((1e)-3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxyphenol
AC-34753
coniferylic alcohol
4-[3-hydroxy-1-propenyl]-2-methoxyphenol
p-hydroxy-m-methoxycinnamyl alcohol
3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)allyl alcohol
JMFRWRFFLBVWSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N
mfcd00002922
DTXSID50186489
(e) 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-ol
4-(3-hydroxy-1-propenyl)-2-methoxy-phenol
epsilon-coniferyl alcohol
EN300-1857771
Q418993
(e)-4-(3-hydroxyprop-1-enyl)-2-methoxyphenol
HY-N4283
CS-0032634
D93191
S6429
coniferyl?alcohol
(e)-4-(3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenol
EN300-6472482
coniferyl alcohol1512
dtxcid7040447
4-((1e)-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenol
coniferyl alcohol phenolic

Research Excerpts

Overview

Coniferyl alcohol (CA) is a common monolignol and a building block of lignin. It is the second most abundant biopolymer.

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
"Coniferyl alcohol (CA) is a common monolignol and a building block of lignin."( Coniferyl alcohol hinders the growth of tobacco BY-2 cells and Nicotiana benthamiana seedlings.
Fagerstedt, KV; Kärkönen, A; Smeds, AI; Teeri, TH; Väisänen, EE; Willför, SM, 2015)		2.58
"Coniferyl alcohol is a monomeric building block of lignin, the second most abundant biopolymer. "( Comparison of multistandard and TMS-standard calculated NMR shifts for coniferyl alcohol and application of the multistandard method to lignin dimers.
Kubicki, JD; Mohamed, MN; Watts, HD, 2011)		2.05
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Roles (6)

RoleDescription
volatile oil componentAny plant metabolite that is found naturally as a component of a volatile oil.
monolignolA metabolite of plant origin (phytochemical) which acts as a source material for biosynthesis of both lignans and lignin.
mouse metaboliteAny mammalian metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in a mouse (Mus musculus).
pheromoneA semiochemical used in olfactory communication between organisms of the same species eliciting a change in sexual or social behaviour.
animal metaboliteAny eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in animals that include diverse creatures from sponges, insects to mammals.
plant metaboliteAny eukaryotic metabolite produced during a metabolic reaction in plants, the kingdom that include flowering plants, conifers and other gymnosperms.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Drug Classes (2)

ClassDescription
phenylpropanoidAny organic aromatic compound with a structure based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes naturally occurring phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules as well as their semi-synthetic and synthetic analogues. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin.
guaiacolsAny phenol carrying an additional methoxy substituent at the ortho-position.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Pathways (9)

PathwayProteinsCompounds
eugenol and isoeugenol biosynthesis39
matairesinol biosynthesis019
coniferyl alcohol 9-methyl ester biosynthesis28
coniferin metabolism38
phenylpropanoid biosynthesis1628
sesamin biosynthesis013
justicidin B biosynthesis116
capsiconiate biosynthesis111
matairesinol biosynthesis220
justicidin B biosynthesis118
sesamin biosynthesis015
eugenol and isoeugenol biosynthesis813
coniferin metabolism29
phenylpropanoid biosynthesis1229
coniferyl alcohol 9-methyl ester biosynthesis29
Lignin biosynthesis221

Bioassays (79)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID1325096Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity using L-DOPA as substrate at 100 uM after 30 mins2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1325079Antimelanogenic activity in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of melanogenesis after 72 hrs relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1378437Induction of HSF1 phosphorylation at Ser326 residue in human L-132 cells at 3 uM after 12 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378440Cytoprotective activity against IR-induced PARP cleavage in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by 10 Gy irradiation measured after 48 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378429Activation of HSF1 in human NCI-H460 cells assessed as upregulation of HSP70 protein levels at 10 to 30 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID607593Cytotoxicity against human U373 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines.
AID1378435Activation of HSF1 in human L132 cells assessed as increase in HSP70 protein levels at 3 uM after 12 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378452Activation of HSF1 in MEF assessed as protection against IR-induced caspase3 cleavage at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by 10 Gy irradiation measured after 48 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378470Cytoprotective activity against IR-induced cell death in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by 10 Gy irradiation measured after 48 hrs by FACS analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1325093Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity using L-tyrosine as substrate at 10 uM after 30 mins2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1378462Protection against IR-induced reduction in cellular proliferation in ICR mouse at 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 4.5 Gy irradiation measured after 9 days by Ki67 staining-based immunohistochemical analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID607598Cytotoxicity against human LoVo cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines.
AID1233173Antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli after 5 to 12 hrs by micro broth dilution assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 25, Issue:13
Synthesis and bioactivity of tripolinolate A from Tripolium vulgare and its analogs.
AID1378468Cytoprotective activity against paclitaxel-induced cell death in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by paclitaxel addition measured after 24 hrs by FACS analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378428Activation of HSF1 in human NCI-H460 cells assessed as upregulation of HSP25 protein levels at 10 to 30 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378459Protection against IR-induced reduction in circulating WBCs in ICR mouse at 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 4.5 Gy irradiation measured after 9 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1683066Anti-inflammatory activity in murine RAW264.7 cells assessed as inhibition of LPS-induced NO production at 50 uM relative to control2021Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, 01-01, Volume: 31A new sesquineolignan and four new neolignans isolated from the leaves of Piper betle, a traditional medicinal plant in Myanmar.
AID1378442Cytoprotective activity against paclitaxel-induced caspase3 cleavage in HSF1 deficient MEF at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by paclitaxel addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378441Cytoprotective activity against IR-induced caspase3 cleavage in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by 10 Gy irradiation measured after 48 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID399557Cytotoxicity against human LNCAP cells2004Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 67, Issue:2
Bioactive constituents from Asparagus cochinchinensis.
AID1378451Activation of HSF1 in MEF assessed as protection against IR-induced PARP cleavage at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by 10 Gy irradiation measured after 48 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1325088Cytotoxicity against theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as cell viability at 30 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1378457Protection against IR-induced lethargy in ICR mouse at 5 to 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 7 Gy irradiation measured daily for 30 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378427Upregulation of HSF1 protein level in human NCI-H460 cells at 10 to 30 uM after 12 hrs by Western blot analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID607595Cytotoxicity against human A549 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines.
AID1325095Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity using L-DOPA as substrate at 10 uM after 30 mins2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1378448Activation of HSF1 in MEF assessed as protection against paclitaxel-induced caspase3 cleavage at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by paclitaxel addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1325081Antimelanogenic activity in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of melanogenesis at 100 uM after 72 hrs relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID399556Cytotoxicity against human Col2 cells2004Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 67, Issue:2
Bioactive constituents from Asparagus cochinchinensis.
AID1378467Activation of HSF1 in human L132 cells assessed as increase in HSP70 protein levels at 1 to 3 uM after 12 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1325087Cytotoxicity against theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as cell viability at 10 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1325094Inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase activity using L-tyrosine as substrate at 100 uM after 30 mins2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1378469Cytoprotective activity against cisplatin-induced cell death in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by cisplatin addition measured after 24 hrs by FACS analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID607594Cytotoxicity against human OE21 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines.
AID1378445Cytoprotective activity against IR-induced PARP cleavage in HSF1 deficient MEF at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by 10 Gy irradiation measured after 48 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378422Cytoprotective activity against paclitaxel-induced caspase3 cleavage in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by paclitaxel addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID399559Cytotoxicity against HUVEC2004Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 67, Issue:2
Bioactive constituents from Asparagus cochinchinensis.
AID1378464Activation of HSF1 in human L132 cells assessed as increase in HSP27 protein levels at 3 uM by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378430Activation of HSF1 in human L132 cells assessed as increase in HSP25 mRNA expression at 3 uM after 12 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378426Activation of HSF1 in human NCI-H460 cells expressing pGL4-hsp70 construct assessed as upregulation of hsp70 promoter activity at 10 to 30 uM after 12 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1325078Antimelanogenic activity in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of melanogenesis at 10 uM after 72 hrs relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1233172Antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus after 5 to 12 hrs by micro broth dilution assay2015Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-01, Volume: 25, Issue:13
Synthesis and bioactivity of tripolinolate A from Tripolium vulgare and its analogs.
AID1378460Protection against IR-induced reduction in circulating neutrophils in ICR mouse at 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 4.5 Gy irradiation measured after 9 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378458Protection against IR-induced bone marrow damage in ICR mouse at 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 4.5 Gy irradiation measured after 9 days by hematoxylin and eosin staining based assay2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378443Cytoprotective activity against cisplatin-induced PARP cleavage in HSF1 deficient MEF at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by cisplatin addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378446Cytoprotective activity against IR-induced caspase3 cleavage in HSF1 deficient MEF at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by 10 Gy irradiation measured after 48 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID607597Cytotoxicity against human SK-MEL-28 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines.
AID1378444Cytoprotective activity against cisplatin-induced caspase3 cleavage in HSF1 deficient MEF at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by cisplatin addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378454Toxicity in ICR mouse at 10 mg/kg, ip measured within 30 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378438Cytoprotective activity against cisplatin-induced PARP cleavage in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by cisplatin addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378434Activation of HSF1 in human L132 cells assessed as increase in HSP25 protein levels at 3 uM after 12 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1325077Antimelanogenic activity in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of melanogenesis at 3 uM after 72 hrs relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1378449Activation of HSF1 in MEF assessed as protection against cisplatin-induced PARP cleavage at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by cisplatin addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378433Activation of HSF1 in human L132 cells assessed as increase in HSP70 mRNA expression at 3 uM after 12 hrs by RT-PCR analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID399558Cytotoxicity against human Lu1 cells2004Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 67, Issue:2
Bioactive constituents from Asparagus cochinchinensis.
AID1325086Cytotoxicity against theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as cell viability at 3 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1378424Activation of HSF1 in human NCI-H460 cells expressing pGL4-hsp25 construct assessed as upregulation of hsp25 promoter activity at 10 to 30 uM after 12 hrs by luciferase reporter gene assay2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID977599Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1378463Protection against IR-induced reduction of spleen weight in ICR mouse at 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after irradiation measured after 9 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378466Activation of HSF1 in human L132 cells assessed as increase in HSP70 protein levels at 3 uM after 6 to 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378461Protection against IR-induced reduction in circulating lymphocytes in ICR mouse at 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 4.5 Gy irradiation measured after 9 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID607596Cytotoxicity against human PC3 cells after 72 hrs by MTT assay2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines.
AID1378436Cytotoxicity against human L-132 cells assessed as reduction in cell viability up to 20 uM after 24 hrs by MTT assay2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID399555Cytotoxicity against human KB cells2004Journal of natural products, Feb, Volume: 67, Issue:2
Bioactive constituents from Asparagus cochinchinensis.
AID607600Induction of human U373 cell death assessed as morphological changes at MTT assay-related IC50 after 72 hrs by quantitative video microscopy2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines.
AID1325080Antimelanogenic activity in theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as inhibition of melanogenesis at 30 uM after 72 hrs relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID1378439Cytoprotective activity against cisplatin-induced caspase3 cleavage in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by cisplatin addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID607601Cytotoxicity against human U373 cells assessed as growth inhibition at MTT assay-related IC50 by quantitative video microscopy relative to control2011Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Jul-15, Volume: 21, Issue:14
Growth inhibitory activities of oxyprenylated and non-prenylated naturally occurring phenylpropanoids in cancer cell lines.
AID1378456Protection against IR-induced irritability in ICR mouse at 5 to 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 7 Gy irradiation measured daily for 30 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378455Protection against IR-induced reduction of food and water intake in ICR mouse at 5 to 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 7 Gy irradiation measured daily for 30 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378423Cytoprotective activity against paclitaxel-induced PARP cleavage in HSF1 deficient MEF at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by paclitaxel addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID977602Inhibition of sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3-transfected CHO cells at an equimolar substrate-inhibitor concentration of 10 uM2013Molecular pharmacology, Jun, Volume: 83, Issue:6
Structure-based identification of OATP1B1/3 inhibitors.
AID1378425Cytoprotective activity against paclitaxel-induced PARP cleavage in human L-132 cells at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by paclitaxel addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378453Protection against IR-induced mortality in ICR mouse assessed as increase in mean survival days at 5 to 10 mg/kg, ip administered once before and three times after 7 Gy irradiation measured daily for 30 days2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378450Activation of HSF1 in MEF assessed as protection against cisplatin-induced caspase3 cleavage at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by cisplatin addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1378447Activation of HSF1 in MEF assessed as protection against paclitaxel-induced PARP cleavage at 3 uM pretreated for 1 hr followed by paclitaxel addition measured after 24 hrs by immunoblotting analysis2017Journal of natural products, 08-25, Volume: 80, Issue:8
The Conjugated Double Bond of Coniferyl Aldehyde Is Essential for Heat Shock Factor 1 Mediated Cytotoprotection.
AID1325089Cytotoxicity against theophylline-stimulated mouse B16-4A5 cells assessed as cell viability at 100 uM after 72 hrs by MTT assay relative to control2016Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry, 12-01, Volume: 24, Issue:23
Melanogenesis inhibitory activity of a 7-O-9'-linked neolignan from Alpinia galanga fruit.
AID977611Experimentally measured binding affinity data (Kd) for protein-ligand complexes derived from PDB2013Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography, May, Volume: 69, Issue:Pt 5
Structural analysis of coniferyl alcohol 9-O-methyltransferase from Linum nodiflorum reveals a novel active-site environment.
AID1159550Human Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) Inhibitor Screening2015Nature cell biology, Nov, Volume: 17, Issue:11
6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase links oxidative PPP, lipogenesis and tumour growth by inhibiting LKB1-AMPK signalling.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (167)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19907 (4.19)18.7374
1990's20 (11.98)18.2507
2000's60 (35.93)29.6817
2010's67 (40.12)24.3611
2020's13 (7.78)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 44.61

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be strong demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index44.61 (24.57)
Research Supply Index5.16 (2.92)
Research Growth Index5.06 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index69.42 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index2.00 (0.95)

This Compound (44.61)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews4 (2.31%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other169 (97.69%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
protocatechuic acid
protocatechuic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid : A dihydroxybenzoic acid in which the hydroxy groups are located at positions 3 and 4.		2.0310catechols;
dihydroxybenzoic acid		antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.11.2 (procollagen-proline dioxygenase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
[no description available]		2.4520hydroxybenzaldehydeEC 1.14.17.1 (dopamine beta-monooxygenase) inhibitor;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
4-hydroxybenzoic acid
4-hydroxybenzoic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is benzoic acid carrying a hydroxy substituent at C-4 of the benzene ring.		2.4420monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
plant metabolite
catechol
[no description available]		2.4220catecholsallelochemical;
genotoxin;
plant metabolite
salicylic acid
Scalp: The outer covering of the calvaria. It is composed of several layers: SKIN; subcutaneous connective tissue; the occipitofrontal muscle which includes the tendinous galea aponeurotica; loose connective tissue; and the pericranium (the PERIOSTEUM of the SKULL).		2.0310monohydroxybenzoic acidalgal metabolite;
antifungal agent;
antiinfective agent;
EC 1.11.1.11 (L-ascorbate peroxidase) inhibitor;
keratolytic drug;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
gallic acid
gallate : A trihydroxybenzoate that is the conjugate base of gallic acid.		2.0710trihydroxybenzoic acidantineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
astringent;
cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
geroprotector;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
guaiacol
Guaiacol: An agent thought to have disinfectant properties and used as an expectorant. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p747). methylcatechol : Any member of the class of catechols carrying one or more methyl substituents.. guaiacol : A monomethoxybenzene that consists of phenol with a methoxy substituent at the ortho position.		2.9240guaiacolsdisinfectant;
EC 1.1.1.25 (shikimate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
expectorant;
plant metabolite
hydrogen
Hydrogen: The first chemical element in the periodic table with atomic symbol H, and atomic number 1. Protium (atomic weight 1) is by far the most common hydrogen isotope. Hydrogen also exists as the stable isotope DEUTERIUM (atomic weight 2) and the radioactive isotope TRITIUM (atomic weight 3). Hydrogen forms into a diatomic molecule at room temperature and appears as a highly flammable colorless and odorless gas.. dihydrogen : An elemental molecule consisting of two hydrogens joined by a single bond.		7.4420elemental hydrogen;
elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity		antioxidant;
electron donor;
food packaging gas;
fuel;
human metabolite
hydroquinone
[no description available]		2.4220benzenediol;
hydroquinones		antioxidant;
carcinogenic agent;
cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
skin lightening agent
indoleacetic acid
indoleacetic acid: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd; structure in Merck Index, 9th ed, #4841. auxin : Any of a group of compounds, both naturally occurring and synthetic, that induce cell elongation in plant stems (from Greek alphaupsilonxialphanuomega, "to grow").. indole-3-acetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 1H-indol-3-yl group.		1.9710indole-3-acetic acids;
monocarboxylic acid		auxin;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant hormone;
plant metabolite
methanol
Methanol: A colorless, flammable liquid used in the manufacture of FORMALDEHYDE and ACETIC ACID, in chemical synthesis, antifreeze, and as a solvent. Ingestion of methanol is toxic and may cause blindness.. primary alcohol : A primary alcohol is a compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom which has either three hydrogen atoms attached to it or only one other carbon atom and two hydrogen atoms attached to it.. methanol : The primary alcohol that is the simplest aliphatic alcohol, comprising a methyl and an alcohol group.		2.0610alkyl alcohol;
one-carbon compound;
primary alcohol;
volatile organic compound		amphiprotic solvent;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
fuel;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
phenol
[no description available]		2.2110phenolsantiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
mouse metabolite
pqq cofactor
PQQ Cofactor: A pyrrolo-quinoline having two adjacent keto-groups at the 4 and 5 positions and three acidic carboxyl groups. It is a coenzyme of some DEHYDROGENASES.. pyrroloquinoline quinone : A pyrroloquinoline having oxo groups at the 4- and 5-positions and carboxy groups at the 2-, 7- and 9-positions.		1.9710orthoquinones;
pyrroloquinoline cofactor;
tricarboxylic acid		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
cofactor;
water-soluble vitamin (role)
vanillin
Vanilla: A plant genus of the family ORCHIDACEAE that is the source of the familiar flavoring used in foods and medicines (FLAVORING AGENTS).		4.5570benzaldehydes;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenols		anti-inflammatory agent;
anticonvulsant;
antioxidant;
flavouring agent;
plant metabolite
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate
1-anilino-8-naphthalenesulfonate: RN given refers to parent cpd. 8-anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid : A naphthalenesulfonic acid that is naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid substituted by a phenylamino group at position 8.		2.0410aminonaphthalene;
naphthalenesulfonic acid		fluorescent probe
diphenyleneiodonium
diphenyleneiodonium: structure in first source; NADPH oxidase inhibitor. dibenziodolium : An organic cation that is fluorene in which the methylene group is replaced by a positively charged iodine.		2.0310organic cation
ellipticine
ellipticine : A organic heterotetracyclic compound that is pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole carrying two methyl substituents at positions 5 and 11.		2.0210indole alkaloid;
organic heterotetracyclic compound;
organonitrogen heterocyclic compound;
polycyclic heteroarene		antineoplastic agent;
plant metabolite
emodin
Emodin: Purgative anthraquinone found in several plants, especially RHAMNUS PURSHIANA. It was formerly used as a laxative, but is now used mainly as a tool in toxicity studies.. emodin : A trihydroxyanthraquinone that is 9,10-anthraquinone which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 1, 3, and 8 and by a methyl group at position 6. It is present in the roots and barks of numerous plants (particularly rhubarb and buckthorn), moulds, and lichens. It is an active ingredient of various Chinese herbs.		2.0610trihydroxyanthraquinoneantineoplastic agent;
laxative;
plant metabolite;
tyrosine kinase inhibitor
kojic acid
[no description available]		2.13104-pyranones;
enol;
primary alcohol		Aspergillus metabolite;
EC 1.10.3.1 (catechol oxidase) inhibitor;
EC 1.10.3.2 (laccase) inhibitor;
EC 1.13.11.24 (quercetin 2,3-dioxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
EC 1.4.3.3 (D-amino-acid oxidase) inhibitor;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
skin lightening agent
potassium iodide
Potassium Iodide: An inorganic compound that is used as a source of iodine in thyrotoxic crisis and in the preparation of thyrotoxic patients for thyroidectomy. (From Dorland, 27th ed). potassium iodide : A metal iodide salt with a K(+) counterion. It is a scavenger of hydroxyl radicals.		1.9810potassium saltexpectorant;
radical scavenger
serine
Serine: A non-essential amino acid occurring in natural form as the L-isomer. It is synthesized from GLYCINE or THREONINE. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PURINES; PYRIMIDINES; and other amino acids.. serine : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine substituted at position 3 by a hydroxy group.		1.9810L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
serine family amino acid;
serine zwitterion;
serine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sucrose
Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.		1.9810glycosyl glycosidealgal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
osmolyte;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite;
sweetening agent
uridine diphosphate
Uridine Diphosphate: A uracil nucleotide containing a pyrophosphate group esterified to C5 of the sugar moiety.		1.9610pyrimidine ribonucleoside 5'-diphosphate;
uridine 5'-phosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
carbostyril
Quinolones: A group of derivatives of naphthyridine carboxylic acid, quinoline carboxylic acid, or NALIDIXIC ACID.. quinolin-2(1H)-one : A quinolone that is 1,2-dihydroquinoline substituted by an oxo group at position 2.		1.9710monohydroxyquinoline;
quinolone		bacterial xenobiotic metabolite
tyrosine
Tyrosine: A non-essential amino acid. In animals it is synthesized from PHENYLALANINE. It is also the precursor of EPINEPHRINE; THYROID HORMONES; and melanin.. tyrosine : An alpha-amino acid that is phenylalanine bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 4 on the phenyl ring.		2.0810amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tyrosine		EC 1.3.1.43 (arogenate dehydrogenase) inhibitor;
fundamental metabolite;
micronutrient;
nutraceutical
phenylalanine
Phenylalanine: An essential aromatic amino acid that is a precursor of MELANIN; DOPAMINE; noradrenalin (NOREPINEPHRINE), and THYROXINE.. L-phenylalanine : The L-enantiomer of phenylalanine.. phenylalanine : An aromatic amino acid that is alanine in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a phenyl group.		2.7330amino acid zwitterion;
erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
phenylalanine;
proteinogenic amino acid		algal metabolite;
EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
chloroform
Chloroform: A commonly used laboratory solvent. It was previously used as an anesthetic, but was banned from use in the U.S. due to its suspected carcinogenicity.. chloroform : A one-carbon compound that is methane in which three of the hydrogens are replaced by chlorines.		2.0610chloromethanes;
one-carbon compound		carcinogenic agent;
central nervous system drug;
inhalation anaesthetic;
non-polar solvent;
refrigerant
4-hydroxypropiophenone
[no description available]		2.1310acetophenones
threonine
Threonine: An essential amino acid occurring naturally in the L-form, which is the active form. It is found in eggs, milk, gelatin, and other proteins.. threonine : An alpha-amino acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the alpha-carbon of glycine is substituted by a 1-hydroxyethyl group.		2.0810amino acid zwitterion;
aspartate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
threonine		algal metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
tryptophan
Tryptophan: An essential amino acid that is necessary for normal growth in infants and for NITROGEN balance in adults. It is a precursor of INDOLE ALKALOIDS in plants. It is a precursor of SEROTONIN (hence its use as an antidepressant and sleep aid). It can be a precursor to NIACIN, albeit inefficiently, in mammals.. tryptophan : An alpha-amino acid that is alanine bearing an indol-3-yl substituent at position 3.		2.0310erythrose 4-phosphate/phosphoenolpyruvate family amino acid;
L-alpha-amino acid zwitterion;
L-alpha-amino acid;
proteinogenic amino acid;
tryptophan zwitterion;
tryptophan		antidepressant;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
mouse metabolite;
nutraceutical;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
ethylene
Plastipore: high density polyethylene sponge biocompatible material; used as posts in dental bridges		2.0310alkene;
gas molecular entity		plant hormone;
refrigerant
tetramethylammonium
tetramethylammonium: RN given refers to parent cpd. tetramethylammonium : The simplest quaternary ammonium cation, comprising a central nitrogen linked to four methyl groups.		2.0210quaternary ammonium ion
tetramethylsilane
[no description available]		2.0610organosilicon compoundNMR chemical shift reference compound
resacetophenone
resacetophenone: structure in first source. 2',4'-dihydroxyacetophenone : A dihydroxyacetophenone that is acetophenone carrying hydroxy substituents at positions 2' and 4'.		2.0610dihydroxyacetophenone;
resorcinols		plant metabolite
veratric acid
veratric acid: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is benzoic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 3.		2.0310benzoic acidsallergen;
plant metabolite
methyleugenol
methyleugenol: structure		3.2860phenylpropanoid
1-phenylpropanol
1-phenylpropanol: structure in first source		2.7430organic molecular entity
propylparaben
Parabens: Methyl, propyl, butyl, and ethyl esters of p-hydroxybenzoic acid. They have been approved by the FDA as antimicrobial agents for foods and pharmaceuticals. (From Hawley's Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11th ed, p872)		2.0110benzoate ester;
paraben;
phenols		antifungal agent;
antimicrobial agent
furfuryl alcohol
furfuryl alcohol: structure. furfuryl alcohol : A furan bearing a hydroxymethyl substituent at the 2-position.		210furans;
primary alcohol		Maillard reaction product
acrolein
[no description available]		3.98130enalherbicide;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
toxin
allyl alcohol
allyl alcohol: structure. allylic alcohol : An alcohol where the hydroxy group is attached to a saturated carbon atom adjacent to a double bond (R groups may be H, organyl, etc.).. allyl alcohol : A propenol in which the C=C bond connects C-2 and C-3. It is has been found in garlic (Allium sativum). Formerly used as a herbicide for the control of various grass and weed seeds.		2.0610primary allylic alcohol;
propenol		antibacterial agent;
fungicide;
herbicide;
insecticide;
plant metabolite
methyl palmitate
[no description available]		2.0610fatty acid methyl estermetabolite
vanillic acid
Vanillic Acid: A flavoring agent. It is the intermediate product in the two-step bioconversion of ferulic acid to vanillin. (J Biotechnol 1996;50(2-3):107-13).. vanillic acid : A monohydroxybenzoic acid that is 4-hydroxybenzoic acid substituted by a methoxy group at position 3.		4.3860methoxybenzoic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid		plant metabolite
uridine diphosphate glucose
Uridine Diphosphate Glucose: A key intermediate in carbohydrate metabolism. Serves as a precursor of glycogen, can be metabolized into UDPgalactose and UDPglucuronic acid which can then be incorporated into polysaccharides as galactose and glucuronic acid. Also serves as a precursor of sucrose lipopolysaccharides, and glycosphingolipids.. UDP-alpha-D-glucose : The alpha-anomer of UDP-alpha-D-glucose. It is used in nucleotide sugars metabolism.		1.9610UDP-D-glucosefundamental metabolite
syringaldehyde
syringaldehyde: isolated from nonfermented fiber fractions of oat hulls and cottonseed hulls. syringaldehyde : A hydroxybenzaldehyde that is 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3 and 5. Isolated from Pisonia aculeata and Panax japonicus var. major, it exhibits hypoglycemic activity.		2.1310dimethoxybenzene;
hydroxybenzaldehyde		hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite
resorcinol monobenzoate
resorcinol monobenzoate: a colorless UV light absorber that is added to plastic to prevent deterioration by sunlight. resorcinol monobenzoate : A benzoate ester resulting from the formal condensation of benzoic acid with resorcinol.		210benzoate esterallergen
estragole
estragole : A phenylpropanoid that is chavicol in which the hydroxy group is replaced by a methoxy group.		2.4820alkenylbenzene;
monomethoxybenzene;
phenylpropanoid		carcinogenic agent;
flavouring agent;
genotoxin;
insect attractant;
plant metabolite
ethyl acetate
ethyl acetate : The acetate ester formed between acetic acid and ethanol.		1.9910acetate ester;
ethyl ester;
volatile organic compound		EC 3.4.19.3 (pyroglutamyl-peptidase I) inhibitor;
metabolite;
polar aprotic solvent;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
potassium cyanide
[no description available]		2.0510cyanide salt;
one-carbon compound;
potassium salt		EC 1.15.1.1 (superoxide dismutase) inhibitor;
EC 1.9.3.1 (cytochrome c oxidase) inhibitor;
neurotoxin
catechin
Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.		2.730catechinantioxidant;
plant metabolite
cyclopentane
Cyclopentanes: A group of alicyclic hydrocarbons with the general formula R-C5H9.. cyclopentanes : Cyclopentane and its derivatives formed by substitution.		2.0310cycloalkane;
cyclopentanes;
volatile organic compound		non-polar solvent
malondialdehyde
Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.		2.2510dialdehydebiomarker
3-hydroxyflavone
3-hydroxyflavone: structure given in first source. flavonol : A monohydroxyflavone that is the 3-hydroxy derivative of flavone.		1.9510flavonols;
monohydroxyflavone
isovanillic acid
3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid : A methoxybenzoic acid that is 4-methoxybenzoic acid bearing a hydroxy substituent at position 3.		2.0310methoxybenzoic acid;
monohydroxybenzoic acid		antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
ethyl gallate
ethyl gallate: used with osmium in procedure for mapping neuronal pathways. ethyl gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with ethanol.		2.0710gallate esterplant metabolite
2-allylphenol
2-allylphenol: structure given in first source. 2-allylphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol carrying an allyl group at position 2.		2.0210phenolsantifungal agrochemical
dihydroconiferyl alcohol
dihydroconiferyl alcohol: structure given in first source. dihydroconiferyl alcohol : A member of class of phenols that is 2-methoxyphenol substituted by a 3-hydroxypropyl group at position 4.		8.8230eugenol;
primary alcohol		plant metabolite
manganese
Manganese: A trace element with atomic symbol Mn, atomic number 25, and atomic weight 54.94. It is concentrated in cell mitochondria, mostly in the pituitary gland, liver, pancreas, kidney, and bone, influences the synthesis of mucopolysaccharides, stimulates hepatic synthesis of cholesterol and fatty acids, and is a cofactor in many enzymes, including arginase and alkaline phosphatase in the liver. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual 1992, p2035). manganese(4+) : A manganese cation that is monoatomic and has a formal charge of +4.		2.0110elemental manganese;
manganese group element atom		Escherichia coli metabolite;
micronutrient
copper sulfate
Copper Sulfate: A sulfate salt of copper. It is a potent emetic and is used as an antidote for poisoning by phosphorus. It also can be used to prevent the growth of algae.. copper(II) sulfate : A metal sulfate compound having copper(2+) as the metal ion.		2.0310metal sulfateemetic;
fertilizer;
sensitiser
deuterium
Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.		2.0210dihydrogen
deuterium oxide
Deuterium Oxide: The isotopic compound of hydrogen of mass 2 (deuterium) with oxygen. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed) It is used to study mechanisms and rates of chemical or nuclear reactions, as well as biological processes.		2.0610deuterated compound;
water		NMR solvent
ozone
Ozone: The unstable triatomic form of oxygen, O3. It is a powerful oxidant that is produced for various chemical and industrial uses. Its production is also catalyzed in the ATMOSPHERE by ULTRAVIOLET RAY irradiation of oxygen or other ozone precursors such as VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS and NITROGEN OXIDES. About 90% of the ozone in the atmosphere exists in the stratosphere (STRATOSPHERIC OZONE).. ozone : An elemental molecule with formula O3. An explosive, pale blue gas (b.p. -112degreeC) that has a characteristic, pungent odour, it is continuously produced in the upper atmosphere by the action of solar ultraviolet radiation on atmospheric oxygen. It is an antimicrobial agent used in the production of bottled water, as well as in the treatment of meat, poultry and other foodstuffs.		2.0210elemental molecule;
gas molecular entity;
reactive oxygen species;
triatomic oxygen		antiseptic drug;
disinfectant;
electrophilic reagent;
greenhouse gas;
mutagen;
oxidising agent;
tracer
phenyl acetate
phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.		1.9910benzenes;
phenyl acetates
azides
Azides: Organic or inorganic compounds that contain the -N3 group.. azide : Any nitrogen molecular entity containing the group -N3.		2.110pseudohalide anionmitochondrial respiratory-chain inhibitor
vanadates
Vanadates: Oxyvanadium ions in various states of oxidation. They act primarily as ion transport inhibitors due to their inhibition of Na(+)-, K(+)-, and Ca(+)-ATPase transport systems. They also have insulin-like action, positive inotropic action on cardiac ventricular muscle, and other metabolic effects.. vanadate(3-) : A vanadium oxoanion that is a trianion with formula VO4 in which the vanadium is in the +5 oxidation state and is attached to four oxygen atoms.		2.0510trivalent inorganic anion;
vanadium oxoanion		EC 3.1.3.1 (alkaline phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.16 (phosphoprotein phosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.41 (4-nitrophenylphosphatase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.3.48 (protein-tyrosine-phosphatase) inhibitor
vanillyl alcohol
vanillyl alcohol: structure. vanillyl alcohol : A monomethoxybenzene that is 2-methoxyphenol substituted by a hydroxymethyl group at position 4.		2.0610benzyl alcohols;
guaiacols		plant metabolite
glucose, (beta-d)-isomer
beta-D-glucose : D-Glucopyranose with beta configuration at the anomeric centre.. (1->4)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->4) linkages.. (1->3)-beta-D-glucan : A beta-D-glucan in which the glucose units are connected by (1->3) linkages.		3.1250D-glucopyranoseepitope;
mouse metabolite
glutathione disulfide
Glutathione Disulfide: A GLUTATHIONE dimer formed by a disulfide bond between the cysteine sulfhydryl side chains during the course of being oxidized.		2.0610glutathione derivative;
organic disulfide		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
2,4,6-trihydroxyacetophenone
monoacetylphloroglucinol: structure in first source. 2',4',6'-trihydroxyacetophenone : A benzenetriol that is acetophenone in which the hydrogens at positions 2, 4, and 6 on the phenyl group are replaced by hydroxy groups. It is used as a matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of acidic glycans and glycopeptides.		2.0610aromatic ketone;
benzenetriol;
methyl ketone		MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
sesamol
sesamol: constituent of sesame oil; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source		3.4110benzodioxoles
2-hydroxychavicol
2-hydroxychavicol: antimutagen from betel leaf; structure given in first source		2.3110
vanillylamine
vanillylamine: inhibits microsomal enzyme function; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure		2.0610aralkylamino compound
sesamin
(+)-sesamin : A lignan that consists of tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by 1,3-benzodioxole groups at positions 1 and 4 (the 1S,3aR,4S,6aR stereoisomer). Isolated from Cinnamomum camphora, it exhibits cytotoxic activity.		3.4110benzodioxoles;
furofuran;
lignan		antineoplastic agent;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite
2,3-dihydroxybenzaldehyde
dihydroxybenzaldehyde : Any member of the class of benzaldehydes in which the phenyl ring is substituted by two hydroxy groups.		2.0410dihydroxybenzaldehyde
sesaminol
sesaminol: structure given in first source; RN given from CAS Index Guide 1990; RN given refers to the (1S-(alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha))-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 11/90. sesaminol : A furofuran that is cis-tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted by a 6-hydroxy-1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 1S and a 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl group at position 4S. It is metabolite found in sesame seeds.		3.4110benzodioxoles;
furofuran;
organic hydroxy compound		antioxidant;
plant metabolite
sesamolin
sesamolin: constituent of sesame oil; RN given refers to the (1S-(1alpha,3aalpha,4alpha,6aalpha)-isomer); inhibits proliferation of human lymphocytic leukemia cells in culture		3.4110benzodioxoles
1'-acetoxychavicol acetate
1'-acetoxychavicol acetate: antifungal component of Alpinia galanga; structure given in first source. 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate : An acetate ester that is chavicol acetate substituted by an acetoxy group at position 1'.		2.1310acetate ester;
phenylpropanoid		antineoplastic agent;
NF-kappaB inhibitor;
plant metabolite
celastrol
[no description available]		2.1510monocarboxylic acid;
pentacyclic triterpenoid		anti-inflammatory drug;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
Hsp90 inhibitor;
metabolite
omega-n-methylarginine
omega-N-Methylarginine: A competitive inhibitor of nitric oxide synthetase.. N(omega)-methyl-L-arginine : A L-arginine derivative with a N(omega)-methyl substituent.		2.3110amino acid zwitterion;
arginine derivative;
guanidines;
L-arginine derivative;
non-proteinogenic L-alpha-amino acid
xylose
xylopyranose: structure in first source		210D-xylose
quinone methide
quinone methide: intermediate in eumelanin biosynthesis; structure given in first source. quinomethane : A methylidenecyclohexadienone, formally derived from a benzoquinone by replacement of one of the quinone oxygens by a methylidene group.		2.0810quinomethane
alpha-aminooxy-beta-phenylpropionic acid
alpha-aminooxy-beta-phenylpropionic acid: inhibits phenylalanine ammonia-lyase; RN given refers to (S)-isomer		210
lignin
Lignin: The most abundant natural aromatic organic polymer found in all vascular plants. Lignin together with cellulose and hemicellulose are the major cell wall components of the fibers of all wood and grass species. Lignin is composed of coniferyl, p-coumaryl, and sinapyl alcohols in varying ratios in different plant species. (From Merck Index, 11th ed). lignin : A polyphenylpropanoid derived from three monolignol monomers: trans-p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferol and trans-sinapyl alcohol. There is extensive cross-linking and no defined primary structure.		6.77750
4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol
4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol: structure in first source. 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol : A member of the class of phenols that is phenol substituted by an allyl group at position 4 and methoxy groups at positions 2 and 6 respectively.		2.610dimethoxybenzene;
phenols;
phenylpropanoid
a-130a
[no description available]		2.0610
arabinose
[no description available]		2.2110L-arabinoseEscherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
taxifolin
(+)-taxifolin : A taxifolin that has (2R,3R)-configuration.		1.9510taxifolinmetabolite
arbutin
hydroquinone O-beta-D-glucopyranoside : A monosaccharide derivative that is hydroquinone attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 4 via a glycosidic linkage.		2.1310beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		Escherichia coli metabolite;
plant metabolite
phalloidine
Phalloidine: Very toxic polypeptide isolated mainly from AMANITA phalloides (Agaricaceae) or death cup; causes fatal liver, kidney and CNS damage in mushroom poisoning; used in the study of liver damage.. phalloidin : A homodetic bicyclic heptapeptide having a sulfide bridge.		1.9510homodetic cyclic peptide
lignans
Lignans: A class of dibenzylbutane derivatives which occurs in higher plants and in fluids (bile, serum, urine, etc.) in man and other animals. These compounds, which have a potential anti-cancer role, can be synthesized in vitro by human fecal flora. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed)		5.28160
e-z cinnamic acid
cinnamic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that consists of acrylic acid bearing a phenyl substituent at the 3-position. It is found in Cinnamomum cassia.. trans-cinnamic acid : The E (trans) isomer of cinnamic acid		210cinnamic acidplant metabolite
ferulic acid
ferulate : A monocarboxylic acid anion obtained by the deprotonation of the carboxy group of ferulic acid.		10.08130ferulic acidsanti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inhibitor;
cardioprotective agent;
MALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
pectins
Pectins: High molecular weight polysaccharides present in the cell walls of all plants. Pectins cement cell walls together. They are used as emulsifiers and stabilizers in the food industry. They have been tried for a variety of therapeutic uses including as antidiarrheals, where they are now generally considered ineffective, and in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia.. alpha-D-galacturonic acid : The alpha-anomer of D-galacturonic acid.		2.4120D-galactopyranuronic acid
cinnamaldehyde
3-phenylprop-2-enal : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is prop-2-enal in which a hydrogen at position 3 has been replaced by a phenyl group. The configuration of the double bond is not specified; the name "cinnamaldehyde" is widely used to refer to the E (trans) isomer.. (E)-cinnamaldehyde : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamaldehyde, the parent of the class of cinnamaldehydes.		2103-phenylprop-2-enal;
cinnamaldehydes		antifungal agent;
EC 4.3.1.24 (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor;
flavouring agent;
hypoglycemic agent;
plant metabolite;
sensitiser;
vasodilator agent
trans-4-coumaric acid
hydroxycinnamic acid : Any member of the class of cinnamic acids carrying one or more hydroxy substituents.. trans-4-coumaric acid : The trans-isomer of 4-coumaric acid.. 4-coumaric acid : A coumaric acid in which the hydroxy substituent is located at C-4 of the phenyl ring.		3.68904-coumaric acidfood component;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite
chalcone
trans-chalcone : The trans-isomer of chalcone.		1.9510chalconeEC 3.2.1.1 (alpha-amylase) inhibitor
sinapinic acid
sinapinic acid: a matrix for matrix-assisted laser desorption technique for protein MW determination; a constituent of propolis. trans-sinapic acid : A sinapic acid in which the double bond has trans-configuration.		2.110sinapic acidMALDI matrix material;
plant metabolite
isoliquiritigenin
[no description available]		2.0610chalconesantineoplastic agent;
biological pigment;
EC 1.14.18.1 (tyrosinase) inhibitor;
GABA modulator;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
NMDA receptor antagonist
p-hydroxycinnamaldehyde
p-hydroxycinnamaldehyde: an antibacterial substance from the saw fly, Acantholyda parki S.; structure in first source. 4-hydroxycinnamaldehyde : A cinnamaldehyde that is (E)-cinnamaldehyde substituted at position 4 on the phenyl ring by a hydroxy group.		2.5920cinnamaldehydesapoptosis inducer;
EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor;
plant metabolite
flavin-adenine dinucleotide
Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide: A condensation product of riboflavin and adenosine diphosphate. The coenzyme of various aerobic dehydrogenases, e.g., D-amino acid oxidase and L-amino acid oxidase. (Lehninger, Principles of Biochemistry, 1982, p972)		1.9910flavin adenine dinucleotide;
vitamin B2		cofactor;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prosthetic group
sesquiterpenes
[no description available]		2.0510
caffeic acid
trans-caffeic acid : The trans-isomer of caffeic acid.		7.7230caffeic acidgeroprotector;
mouse metabolite
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid
3-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)propenoic acid: structure given in first source; RN given refers to parent cpd. 3,4-dimethoxycinnamic acid : A methoxycinnamic acid that is trans-cinnamic acid substituted by methoxy groups at positions 3' and 4' respectively.		2.1110methoxycinnamic acid
ethyl ferulate
ethyl ferulate: structure in first source		2.0510
isoeugenol
trans-isoeugenol : The trans-stereoisomer of isoeugenol.		7.4420isoeugenolplant metabolite
capsaicin
ALGRX-4975: an injectable capsaicin (TRPV1 receptor agonist) formulation for longlasting pain relief. capsaicinoid : A family of aromatic fatty amides produced as secondary metabolites by chilli peppers.		2.4620capsaicinoidnon-narcotic analgesic;
TRPV1 agonist;
voltage-gated sodium channel blocker
aurapten
aurapten: RN refers to (E)-isomer; structure given in first source. auraptene : A member of the class of coumarins that is umbelliferone in which the phenolic hydrogen has been replaced by a geranyl group. Ii is isolated from several edible fruits and vegetables and exhibits a variety of therapeutic properties.		2.0610coumarins;
monoterpenoid		antihypertensive agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
apoptosis inducer;
dopaminergic agent;
EC 2.7.11.24 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) inhibitor;
gamma-secretase modulator;
gastrointestinal drug;
hepatoprotective agent;
matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor;
neuroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
PPARalpha agonist;
vulnerary
umbelliprenin
umbelliprenin: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation		2.0610terpene lactone
tocopherylquinone
tocopherylquinone: RN refers to (3R-(3R*,7R*,11R*))-isomer; structure		2.1110
nadp
[no description available]		2.3920
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl: A diphenyl picrate; the ability to decolorize this stable radical indicates reactivity of tested compounds (Banda, Anal Chem 46:1772-7 1974)		2.0710
laccase
Laccase: A copper-containing oxidoreductase enzyme that catalyzes the oxidation of 4-benzenediol to 4-benzosemiquinone. It also has activity towards a variety of O-quinols and P-quinols. It primarily found in FUNGI and is involved in LIGNIN degradation, pigment biosynthesis and detoxification of lignin-derived products.		8.5180
amanitins
Amanitins: Cyclic peptides extracted from carpophores of various mushroom species. They are potent inhibitors of RNA polymerases in most eukaryotic species, blocking the production of mRNA and protein synthesis. These peptides are important in the study of transcription. Alpha-amanitin is the main toxin from the species Amanitia phalloides, poisonous if ingested by humans or animals.		1.9510
cytellin
cytellin: a phytosterol preparation of mainly B-sitosterol, that was marketed by Eli Lilly to lower cholesterol 1957 to 1982		2.0410
quercetin
[no description available]		2.39207-hydroxyflavonol;
pentahydroxyflavone		antibacterial agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antioxidant;
Aurora kinase inhibitor;
chelator;
EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
phytoestrogen;
plant metabolite;
protein kinase inhibitor;
radical scavenger
coniferin
coniferin : A monosaccharide derivative that is coniferol attached to a beta-D-glucopyranosyl residue at position 1 via a glycosidic linkage.		3.150aromatic ether;
cinnamyl alcohol beta-D-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative		plant metabolite
trans-phytol
trans-phytol: structure in first source		2.1110diterpenoid;
long-chain primary fatty alcohol		algal metabolite;
plant metabolite;
schistosomicide drug
luteolin
[no description available]		2103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
tetrahydroxyflavone		angiogenesis inhibitor;
anti-inflammatory agent;
antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor;
EC 2.3.1.85 (fatty acid synthase) inhibitor;
immunomodulator;
nephroprotective agent;
plant metabolite;
radical scavenger;
vascular endothelial growth factor receptor antagonist
scopoletin
[no description available]		2.0410hydroxycoumarinplant growth regulator;
plant metabolite
leukotriene b4
Leukotriene B4: The major metabolite in neutrophil polymorphonuclear leukocytes. It stimulates polymorphonuclear cell function (degranulation, formation of oxygen-centered free radicals, arachidonic acid release, and metabolism). (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene B4 : A leukotriene composed of (6Z,8E,10E,14Z)-icosatetraenoic acid having (5S)- and (12R)-hydroxy substituents. It is a lipid mediator of inflammation that is generated from arachidonic acid via the 5-lipoxygenase pathway.		1.9810dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid;
hydroxy polyunsaturated fatty acid;
leukotriene;
long-chain fatty acid		human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
vasoconstrictor agent
leukotriene c4
Leukotriene C4: The conjugation product of LEUKOTRIENE A4 and glutathione. It is the major arachidonic acid metabolite in macrophages and human mast cells as well as in antigen-sensitized lung tissue. It stimulates mucus secretion in the lung, and produces contractions of nonvascular and some VASCULAR SMOOTH MUSCLE. (From Dictionary of Prostaglandins and Related Compounds, 1990). leukotriene C4 : A leukotriene that is (5S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5-hydroxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoic acid in which a glutathionyl group is attached at position 6 via a sulfide linkage.		1.9810leukotrienebronchoconstrictor agent;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
sinapyl alcohol
sinapyl alcohol: has anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive properties; structure in first source. trans-sinapyl alcohol : Sinapyl alcohol in which the configuration of the propenyl double bond is E. It is one of the main monolignols.. sinapyl alcohol : A primary alcohol, being cinnamyl alcohol hydroxylated at C-4 and methoxylated at C-3 and -5.		9.55230sinapyl alcoholmonolignol
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propane
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propane: structure given in first source. trans-p-coumaryl alcohol : 4-Hydroxycinnamyl alcohol with E-configuration of the propenyl double bond. It is one of the main monolignols.. 4-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol : A primary alcohol being cinnamyl alcohol hydroxylated at C-4 of the phenyl ring.		2.13104-hydroxycinnamyl alcohol;
phenols;
phenylpropanoid		monolignol
coniferaldehyde
coniferaldehyde: from aqueous extract of Senra incana. coniferyl aldehyde : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is cinnamaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and a methoxy group at position 3.		4.13150cinnamaldehydes;
guaiacols;
phenylpropanoid		antifungal agent;
plant metabolite
sinapaldehyde
sinapyl aldehyde: structure in first source. (E)-sinapaldehyde : A member of the class of cinnamaldehydes that is cinnamaldehyde substituted by a hydroxy group at position 4 and methoxy groups at positions 3 and 5.		2.9440cinnamaldehydes;
dimethoxybenzene;
phenols		antifungal agent;
plant metabolite
jasmonic acid
jasmonic acid: a derivative of alpha-linolenic acid that has a role in plant response to herbivory analogous to the role of prostanoids in inflammation in mammals;. jasmonic acid : An oxo monocarboxylic acid that is (3-oxocyclopentyl)acetic acid substituted by a (2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl group at position 2 of the cyclopentane ring.		2.0310oxo monocarboxylic acidjasmonates;
plant metabolite
7-hydroxycoumarin
7-oxycoumarin: derivatives have anti-oxidant properties. umbelliferone : A hydroxycoumarin that is coumarin substituted by a hydroxy group ay position 7.		2.4620hydroxycoumarinfluorescent probe;
food component;
plant metabolite
fisetin
[no description available]		1.95103'-hydroxyflavonoid;
7-hydroxyflavonol;
tetrahydroxyflavone		anti-inflammatory agent;
antioxidant;
EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor;
geroprotector;
metabolite;
plant metabolite
tricin
tricin: from Spartina cynosuroides and other plants; structure		2.11103'-methoxyflavones;
dimethoxyflavone;
trihydroxyflavone		EC 1.14.99.1 (prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase) inhibitor;
metabolite
3,4-di-o-caffeoylquinic acid
3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid: isolated from Siphonostegia chinensis		2.1110quinic acid
5'-methoxyhydnocarpin
5'-methoxyhydnocarpin: a multidrug pump inhibitor; isolated from Berberis plants; 5'-methoxyhydnocarpin-D is isomer of 5'-methoxyhydnocarpin; structure in first source		210
astragalin
kaempferol-3-O-glucoside: isolated from the pit of Mahkota dewa; structure in first source. kaempferol 3-O-beta-D-glucoside : A kaempferol O-glucoside in which a glucosyl residue is attached at position 3 of kaempferol via a beta-glycosidic linkage.		2.1110beta-D-glucoside;
kaempferol O-glucoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
trihydroxyflavone		plant metabolite;
trypanocidal drug
cinnamyl alcohol
cinnamyl alcohol: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation. (E)-cinnamyl alcohol : The E (trans) stereoisomer of cinnamyl alcohol.. cinnamyl alcohol : A primary alcohol comprising an allyl core with a hydroxy substituent at the 1-position and a phenyl substituent at the 3-position (geometry of the C=C bond unspecified).		3.1650cinnamyl alcoholplant metabolite
methyl-p-coumarate
methyl-p-coumarate: structure in first source. 4-coumaric acid methyl ester : A cinnamate ester that is the methyl ester of 4-coumaric acid.		2.31104-coumaric acid methyl ester
lacinartin
lacinartin: from Zanthoxylum schinifolium; structure in first source		2.0610
methyl ferulate
methyl ferulate: inhibits LDL oxidation; isolated from Chrysanthemum coronarium; structure in first source. trans-methylferulate : A cinnamate ester that is the methyl ester of ferulic acid. It has been isolated from Pisonia aculeata.		2.1110cinnamate ester;
guaiacols;
methyl ester		plant metabolite
2',4'-dihydroxychalcone
2',4'-dihydroxychalcone: RN given refers to (E)-isomer; RN for cpd without isomeric designation not available 6/89; structure given in first source		2.0610
cysteine
Cysteine: A thiol-containing non-essential amino acid that is oxidized to form CYSTINE.. L-cysteinium : The L-enantiomer of cysteinium.. cysteine : A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3.		2.0810cysteiniumfundamental metabolite
2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid
2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid: chromogen in glucose oxidase-peroxidase method for determining serum glucose; used in free radical scavenging assays; structure in first source		2.0610
hydnocarpin
hydnocarpin: structure given in first source; isolated from Hydnocarpus wightiana seeds		210
abscisic acid
Abscisic Acid: Abscission-accelerating plant growth substance isolated from young cotton fruit, leaves of sycamore, birch, and other plants, and from potatoes, lemons, avocados, and other fruits.. (S)-2-trans-abscisic acid : A 2-trans-abscisic acid with (S)-configuration at the chiral centre.. (+)-abscisic acid : The naturally occurring (1'S)-(+) enantiomer of abscisic acid. It is an important sesquiterpenoid plant hormone which acts as a regulator of plant responses to environmental stresses such as drought and cold.		2.03102-trans-abscisic acid
4-hydroxycordoin
4-hydroxycordoin: antibacterial and anti-inflammatory from Lonchocarpus neuroscapha Benth. (Fabaceae); structure in first source. 4-hydroxycordoin : A member of the class of chalcones that is trans-chalcone substituted by hydroxy groups at position 4 and 2' and a (3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)oxy group at position 4'. It has been isolated from Lonchocarpus neuroscapha.		2.0610aromatic ether;
chalcones;
polyphenol		anti-inflammatory agent;
antibacterial agent;
plant metabolite
derricidin
derricidin: from Lonchocarpus sericeus; structure in first source		2.0610chalcones
o-geranylsinapyl alcohol
O-geranylsinapyl alcohol: structure given in first source; isolated from the bark of Fagara rhetza, an Indonesian medicinal plant		2.0610
ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one
ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one: antineoplastic, non-toxic fungal steroid. ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one : An ergostanoid that is (22E)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraene substituted by an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from the mycelia of Cordyceps sinensis.		2.11103-oxo-Delta(4) steroid;
ergostanoid		fungal metabolite
coniferyl ferulate
coniferyl ferulate: found in the rhizome of Cnidium officinale Makino; structure given in first source; RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation		7.1510
4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid
[no description available]		2.1110quinic acid
indigo carmine
3,5-di-O-(E)-caffeoylquinic acid: from roots of Lychnophora ericoides; structure in first source. 3,5-di-O-caffeoyl quinic acid : A carboxylic ester that is the diester obtained by the condensation of the hydroxy groups at positions 3 and 5 of (-)-quinic acid with the carboxy group of trans-caffeic acid. Isolated from Brazilian propolis and Suaeda glauca, it exhibits hepatoprotective and cytotoxic activities.		2.1110
beta-escin
[no description available]		2.0110
nyasol
nyasol: from roots Asparagus africanus; structure given in first source		2.02101,3-bis(p-hydroxyphenyl)pentane-1,4-dieneplant metabolite
mocetinostat
mocetinostat: undergoing phase II clinical trials for treatment of cancer. mocetinostat : A benzamide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-({[4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}methyl)benzoic acid with one of the amino groups of benzene-1,2-diamine. It is an orally active and isotype-selective HDAC inhibitor which exhibits antitumour activity (IC50 = 0.15, 0.29, 1.66 and 0.59 muM for HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3 and HDAC11).		3.4870aminopyrimidine;
benzamides;
pyridines;
secondary amino compound;
secondary carboxamide;
substituted aniline		antineoplastic agent;
apoptosis inducer;
autophagy inducer;
cardioprotective agent;
EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor;
hepatotoxic agent
nelumal a
nelumal A: aromatase inhibitor from Ligularia nelumbifolia; structure in first source		2.0610
lyoniside
lyoniside: see also eleutherosides & syringin for eleutheroside B: 118-34-3; RN given refers to (3beta)-isomer		2.0410
nad
NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.		2.6930organophosphate oxoanioncofactor;
human metabolite;
hydrogen acceptor;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cytochrome c-t
Cytochromes c: Cytochromes of the c type that are found in eukaryotic MITOCHONDRIA. They serve as redox intermediates that accept electrons from MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX III and transfer them to MITOCHONDRIAL ELECTRON TRANSPORT COMPLEX IV.		2.0210
cellulose
DEAE-Cellulose: Cellulose derivative used in chromatography, as ion-exchange material, and for various industrial applications.		8.4370glycoside
pinoresinol
pinoresinol: in plants; a furo[3,4-c]furan created from dimer of coniferyl alcohol. pinoresinol : A lignan that is tetrahydro-1H,3H-furo[3,4-c]furan substituted at positions 1 and 4 by 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl groups.		8.3160
stearates
Stearates: Salts and esters of the 18-carbon saturated, monocarboxylic acid--stearic acid.		2.0610
s-adenosylmethionine
(R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine that has R-configuration.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : A zwitterionic tautomer of S-adenosyl-L-methionine arising from shift of the proton from the carboxy group to the amino group.. (R)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has R-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. (S)-S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion : An S-adenosyl-L-methionine zwitterion that has S-configuration; major species at pH 7.3.. S-adenosyl-L-methionine : A sulfonium compound that is the S-adenosyl derivative of L-methionine. It is an intermediate in the metabolic pathway of methionine.		2.0810organic cation;
sulfonium compound		coenzyme;
cofactor;
human metabolite;
micronutrient;
Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite;
nutraceutical;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
4'-geranyloxyferulic acid
4'-geranyloxyferulic acid: a colon cancer chemopreventive agent isolated from grapefruit skin; structure in first source		2.0610
ascorbic acid
Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.		2.7430ascorbic acid;
vitamin C		coenzyme;
cofactor;
flour treatment agent;
food antioxidant;
food colour retention agent;
geroprotector;
plant metabolite;
skin lightening agent
warfarin
Warfarin: An anticoagulant that acts by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors. Warfarin is indicated for the prophylaxis and/or treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, pulmonary embolism, and atrial fibrillation with embolization. It is also used as an adjunct in the prophylaxis of systemic embolism after myocardial infarction. Warfarin is also used as a rodenticide.. warfarin : A racemate comprising equal amounts of (R)- and (S)-warfarin. Extensively used as both an anticoagulant drug and as a pesticide against rats and mice.. 4-hydroxy-3-(3-oxo-1-phenylbutyl)-1-benzopyran-2-one : A member of the class of coumarins that is 4-hydroxycoumarin which is substituted at position 3 by a 1-phenyl-3-oxo-1-butyl group.		1.9510benzenes;
hydroxycoumarin;
methyl ketone
flavin mononucleotide
Flavin Mononucleotide: A coenzyme for a number of oxidative enzymes including NADH DEHYDROGENASE. It is the principal form in which RIBOFLAVIN is found in cells and tissues.		1.9910
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Glial Cell Tumors
[description not available]		02.1110
Glioma
Benign and malignant central nervous system neoplasms derived from glial cells (i.e., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and ependymocytes). Astrocytes may give rise to astrocytomas (ASTROCYTOMA) or glioblastoma multiforme (see GLIOBLASTOMA). Oligodendrocytes give rise to oligodendrogliomas (OLIGODENDROGLIOMA) and ependymocytes may undergo transformation to become EPENDYMOMA; CHOROID PLEXUS NEOPLASMS; or colloid cysts of the third ventricle. (From Escourolle et al., Manual of Basic Neuropathology, 2nd ed, p21)		02.1110
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		03.0310
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		03.0310
Cholangiocellular Carcinoma
[description not available]		02.3110
Cholangiocarcinoma
A malignant tumor arising from the epithelium of the BILE DUCTS.		07.3110
Genetic Predisposition
[description not available]		02.0810
Disease Resistance
The capacity of an organism to defend itself against pathological processes or the agents of those processes. This most often involves innate immunity whereby the organism responds to pathogens in a generic way. The term disease resistance is used most frequently when referring to plants.		02.4920
Aging
The gradual irreversible changes in structure and function of an organism that occur as a result of the passage of time.		02.1110
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		02.0710
Basophilic Leukemia, Acute
[description not available]		01.9810
Leukemia, Basophilic, Acute
A rare acute myeloid leukemia in which the primary differentiation is to BASOPHILS. It is characterized by an extreme increase of immature basophilic granulated cells in the bone marrow and blood. Mature basophils are usually sparse.		01.9810
Bone Loss, Osteoclastic
[description not available]		01.9910
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
[description not available]		0210
Dermatitis, Allergic Contact
A contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization to various substances. These substances subsequently produce inflammatory reactions in the skin of those who have acquired hypersensitivity to them as a result of prior exposure.		0210