Page last updated: 2024-09-28

Epispadias

A birth defect due to malformation of the URETHRA in which the urethral opening is above its normal location. In the male, the malformed urethra generally opens on the top or the side of the PENIS, but the urethra can also be open the entire length of the penis. In the female, the malformed urethral opening is often between the CLITORIS and the labia, or in the ABDOMEN.

Synonyms(1)

Synonym
Epispadias

Research

Studies (32)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-199010 (31.25)23.3326
1990's8 (25.00)12.5806
2000's4 (12.50)18.1394
2010's6 (18.75)28.8240
2020's4 (12.50)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
chlorine0low10
dibutyl phthalate0low10
pentetic acid0low10
guaifenesin0low10
halothane0medium11
oxybutynin0low10
sulfisoxazole0low10
suramin0low10
isoprene0low10
testosterone enanthate0low10
medroxyprogesterone0low10
dihydrotestosterone0low10
durapatite0low10
tantalum0low10
substance p0low10
glycogen0low10
inositol 3-phosphate0low10
succimer0low20
deamino arginine vasopressin0low10
nitrofurantoin0low10
neuropeptide y0low10
sodium ethylxanthate0low40
vasoactive intestinal peptide0low10
epidermal growth factor0low10
folic acid0low10

Protein Targets (290)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Carbonic anhydrase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 20101
Carbonic anhydrase 40101
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 150101
Vasopressin V2 receptor0112
Oxytocin receptor0011
Vasopressin V1a receptor0112
Vasopressin V1b receptor0112
Translocator protein0101
Vasopressin V2 receptor 0112
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE5005
Chain A, JmjC domain-containing histone demethylation protein 3A1001
glp-1 receptor, partial3003
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma6006
USP1 protein, partial5005
GLI family zinc finger 38008
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor6006
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 35005
progesterone receptor5005
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]6006
pregnane X nuclear receptor5005
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha9009
67.9K protein2002
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta5005
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor6006
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor1001
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)3003
chromobox protein homolog 13003
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d4004
lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 1 isoform I1001
Cathepsin B0202
Cathepsin B0101
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma3003
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 41001
Chain A, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin0011
Chain A, HADH2 protein3003
Chain B, HADH2 protein3003
interleukin 83003
AR protein8008
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)4004
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 14004
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha5005
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha6006
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a5005
thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor1001
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a2002
Histone H2A.x2002
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA2002
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 25005
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 16006
geminin4004
peripheral myelin protein 224004
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi2002
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit3003
Plasma kallikrein0101
Glucocorticoid receptor0304
Sex hormone-binding globulin0112
Progesterone receptor0101
Progesterone receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0101
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0101
Sex hormone-binding globulin0101
Androgen receptor0226
Aromatase0102
Androgen receptor0415
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta2002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-22002
Androgen receptor0112
Glutamate receptor 23003
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-52002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-32002
Mineralocorticoid receptor0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-22002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-42002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-62002
Testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase 30101
Angiotensin-converting enzyme0011
Cannabinoid receptor 20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-12002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-32002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-22002
G-protein coupled bile acid receptor 10011
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor0112
GABA theta subunit2002
Neuropeptide FF receptor 20001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon2002
ALK tyrosine kinase receptor0101
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE2002
Chain A, Dihydrofolate reductase0011
Chain A, Putative fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase3003
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase3003
Chain A, Ferritin light chain1001
acid sphingomyelinase1001
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A13003
glucocerebrosidase3003
alpha-galactosidase1001
activating transcription factor 61001
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein1001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 21001
DNA polymerase beta1001
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40304
Bile salt export pump0505
Cellular tumor antigen p535005
Thymidylate synthase0202
Thymidylate synthase0101
Dihydrofolate reductase0011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Alpha-synuclein1001
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial0001
Solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 1A30101
Folylpolyglutamate synthase, mitochondrial0001
Multidrug resistance associated protein0001
SMAD family member 23003
SMAD family member 33003
farnesoid X nuclear receptor4004
flap endonuclease 13003
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 31001
Chain A, Cruzipain1001
Albumin0101
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0101
aryl hydrocarbon receptor2002
cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform a1001
Integrin beta-31001
Integrin alpha-IIb1001
Chain A, Beta-lactamase1001
GALC protein2002
TDP1 protein4004
Microtubule-associated protein tau3003
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)1001
PINK11001
G2002
Parkin1001
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma3003
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor1001
lamin isoform A-delta103003
Interferon beta2002
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 2002
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10202
Glycine receptor subunit beta0202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30202
Cytochrome P450 2C190202
Spike glycoprotein3003
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 12002
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial2002
Neuropeptide Y receptor type 10202
Neuropeptide Y receptor type 20202
acetylcholinesterase1001
thioredoxin reductase1001
phosphopantetheinyl transferase2002
ATAD5 protein, partial1001
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 43003
cytochrome P450 2D62002
IDH11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)1001
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 13003
survival motor neuron protein isoform d1001
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 11001
streptokinase A precursor0011
lethal factor (plasmid)1001
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30303
Bile salt export pump0101
Estrogen receptor0011
Caspase-71001
60 kDa chaperonin 0101
Estrogen receptor beta0011
10 kDa chaperonin 0101
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10303
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 52002
Ataxin-22002
CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 10202
Fumarate hydratase1001
GLS protein2002
polyprotein1001
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 23003
D(1A) dopamine receptor1001
Amyloid-beta precursor protein0101
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20214
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M40202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M50202
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M20101
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M10203
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M30202
Sodium-dependent noradrenaline transporter 0202
Mu-type opioid receptor0101
D(3) dopamine receptor0202
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
Sodium-dependent dopamine transporter 0202
MBT domain-containing protein 10101
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 40101
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 30101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10202
Lethal(3)malignant brain tumor-like protein 10101
endonuclease IV1001
15-lipoxygenase, partial1001
nonstructural protein 11001
arylsulfatase A1001
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 11001
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
cytochrome P450 2C19 precursor2002
M-phase phosphoprotein 81001
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B1001
Histamine H2 receptor2002
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase2002
Luciferase3003
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit1001
Caspase-71001
caspase-31001
heat shock protein beta-11001
Substance-P receptor0202
Neuromedin-K receptor0011
Substance-K receptor0112
Substance-K receptor0202
Substance-P receptor0213
Neuromedin-K receptor0112
Substance-P receptor0101
Substance-K receptor0101
D(2) dopamine receptor0011
Substance-K receptor0101
Growth hormone secretagogue receptor type 10011
Mas-related G-protein coupled receptor member X20011
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0101
Replicase polyprotein 1ab0101
cytochrome P450 2C9 precursor1001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a1001
Endothelin-1 receptor0202
Endothelin-1 receptor0101
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
regulator of G-protein signaling 41001
EWS/FLI fusion protein1001
histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 2A isoform 2 precursor1001
ATP-dependent 6-phosphofructokinase0101
Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 20101
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D30101
Protein kinase C gamma type0101
Protein kinase C beta type0101
Protein kinase C alpha type0101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 10101
D(3) dopamine receptor0101
Protein kinase C eta type0101
Mu-type opioid receptor0011
Delta-type opioid receptor0011
Kappa-type opioid receptor0011
P2Y purinoceptor 20112
Protein kinase C iota type0101
P2X purinoceptor 10011
P2Y purinoceptor 10011
P2X purinoceptor 20112
P2X purinoceptor 40011
P2X purinoceptor 50011
P2X purinoceptor 60011
P2Y purinoceptor 40011
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase HST20101
P2X purinoceptor 30011
DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit0101
Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 10101
Inositol monophosphatase 11001
DNA primase0101
Protein kinase C epsilon type0101
Protein kinase C theta type0101
Protein kinase C zeta type0101
Protein kinase C delta type0101
P2Y purinoceptor 60101
Serine/threonine-protein kinase D10101
Dual specificity protein phosphatase 50101
Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 80101
RmtA0101
Reverse transcriptase/RNaseH 0101
Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 3 0101
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-20101
NAD-dependent protein deacetylase sirtuin-10101
P2Y purinoceptor 110112
P2X purinoceptor 70011
Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 10101
P2Y purinoceptor 120011
NAD-dependent protein deacylase sirtuin-5, mitochondrial0101
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]