Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Gradenigo Syndrome

Inflammation of PETROUS BONE.

Synonyms(5)

Synonym
Petrositis
Gradenigo Syndrome
Gradenigo-Lannois Syndrome
Gradenigo's Syndrome
Petrous Apicitis

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Gradenigo's syndrome is defined by the classic clinical triad of ear discharge, trigeminal pain, and abducens nerve palsy."( Aprile, F; Benazzo, M; Canzi, P; Foiadelli, T; Manfrin, M; Michev, A; Savasta, S, 2019)
"Petrositis is a rare and fatal complication associated with otitis media."( Jin, L; Liu, S; Tan, S; Wang, Y; Yu, S; Zhao, Y, 2022)

Research

Studies (10)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19902 (20.00)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's0 (0.00)18.1394
2010's6 (60.00)28.8240
2020's2 (20.00)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
aspirin0low10
fluconazole0low10
metronidazole0low10
prednisolone0low10
methylprednisolone0low10
framycetin0low10
streptomycin0low10
amoxicillin0low10
propiconazole0low10
triazoles0low10
voriconazole0low10
gadolinium dtpa0low10
gramicidin a0low10
ro13-99040low20
gadoxetic acid disodium0low10

Protein Targets (307)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE2002
Chain A, Beta-lactamase2002
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase2002
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
AR protein5005
apical membrane antigen 1, AMA12002
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha7007
Beta-lactamase 0001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)4004
urokinase-type plasminogen activator precursor1001
plasminogen precursor1001
urokinase plasminogen activator surface receptor precursor1001
DNA polymerase kappa isoform 12002
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30707
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40707
Bile salt export pump0202
Bile salt export pump0909
Beta-lactamase SHV-10001
Beta-lactamase SHV-10001
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0404
Beta-lactamase0001
Kappa-type opioid receptor0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
Cytochrome P450 2J20202
B2 metallo-beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Beta-lactamase 0001
Beta-lactamase 0001
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10707
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE1001
Chain A, Phospholipase A2 isoform 30011
Chain A, HADH2 protein1001
Chain B, HADH2 protein1001
GTP-binding protein (rab7)0011
ras protein, partial0011
interleukin 81001
thioredoxin reductase1001
GLS protein1001
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A13003
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
hypothetical protein, conserved1001
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 44004
EWS/FLI fusion protein3003
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]5005
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 14004
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha4004
cytochrome P450 2D62002
glucocerebrosidase1001
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta2002
Rac1 protein0011
IDH12002
cell division cycle 42 (GTP binding protein, 25kDa), partial0011
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 22002
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 11001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M11001
lethal factor (plasmid)1001
Prostaglandin-H2 D-isomerase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 1 0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 0101
Epidermal growth factor receptor0101
Carbonic anhydrase 10202
Carbonic anhydrase 20202
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0202
Integrin beta-30101
Myeloperoxidase0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Seed linoleate 13S-lipoxygenase-10101
Integrin alpha-IIb0101
Glutathione hydrolase 1 proenzyme0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10202
Adenosine receptor A10101
Adenosine receptor A2a0101
Substance-P receptor0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20303
Urotensin-2 receptor0101
4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial0101
Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma1001
Ras-related protein Rab-2A0011
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-11102
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20101
Rho-associated protein kinase 20101
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10011
Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 10011
Chain A, BCL-2-RELATED PROTEIN A10011
acetylcholinesterase2002
GLI family zinc finger 34004
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha3003
pregnane X nuclear receptor5005
G3003
unnamed protein product0101
chromobox protein homolog 12002
transcriptional regulator ERG isoform 31001
heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform 20002
geminin3003
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 11001
bcl-2-like protein 11 isoform 10011
lamin isoform A-delta102002
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi1001
Histone deacetylase 30101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 31001
Chymotrypsinogen A0101
Beta-lactamase0101
Interferon beta4004
HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain 3003
Cellular tumor antigen p534004
Steroid 17-alpha-hydroxylase/17,20 lyase0101
Heme oxygenase 1 0101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
Cytochrome P450 3A40303
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0123
Aromatase0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-11001
Cytochrome P450 11B1, mitochondrial0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-21001
Cytochrome P450 11B2, mitochondrial0101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-51001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-31001
ATP-dependent translocase ABCB10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-21001
Heme oxygenase 20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-41001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-31001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-61001
Malate dehydrogenase, cytoplasmic0101
Histone deacetylase 40101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-31001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-21001
Cytochrome P450 1440022
Steroid C26-monooxygenase0022
Steroid C26-monooxygenase0022
Mycocyclosin synthase0011
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0011
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0011
TAR DNA-binding protein 433003
Histone deacetylase 10101
Lanosterol 14-alpha demethylase0213
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase0022
Sterol 14-alpha demethylase0112
Histone deacetylase 70101
GABA theta subunit1001
Inositol hexakisphosphate kinase 13003
Histone deacetylase 20101
Polyamine deacetylase HDAC100101
Histone deacetylase 11 0101
14-alpha sterol demethylase 0022
Histone deacetylase 80101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon1001
Histone deacetylase 60101
Histone deacetylase 90101
Histone deacetylase 50101
cytochrome P450 2C9, partial3003
heat shock protein 90, putative0002
likely tRNA 2'-phosphotransferase0101
Menin0011
Lecithin retinol acyltransferase0101
30S ribosomal protein S60101
30S ribosomal protein S70101
50S ribosomal protein L150101
50S ribosomal protein L100101
50S ribosomal protein L110101
50S ribosomal protein L7/L120101
50S ribosomal protein L190101
50S ribosomal protein L10101
50S ribosomal protein L200101
50S ribosomal protein L270101
50S ribosomal protein L280101
50S ribosomal protein L290101
50S ribosomal protein L310101
50S ribosomal protein L31 type B0101
50S ribosomal protein L320101
50S ribosomal protein L330101
50S ribosomal protein L340101
50S ribosomal protein L350101
50S ribosomal protein L360101
30S ribosomal protein S100101
30S ribosomal protein S110101
30S ribosomal protein S120101
30S ribosomal protein S130101
30S ribosomal protein S160101
30S ribosomal protein S180101
30S ribosomal protein S190101
30S ribosomal protein S200101
30S ribosomal protein S20101
30S ribosomal protein S30101
30S ribosomal protein S40101
30S ribosomal protein S50101
30S ribosomal protein S80101
30S ribosomal protein S90101
50S ribosomal protein L130101
50S ribosomal protein L140101
50S ribosomal protein L160101
50S ribosomal protein L230101
30S ribosomal protein S150101
50S ribosomal protein L170101
50S ribosomal protein L210101
50S ribosomal protein L300101
50S ribosomal protein L60101
30S ribosomal protein S140101
30S ribosomal protein S170101
30S ribosomal protein S10101
50S ribosomal protein L180101
Lethal factor0101
50S ribosomal protein L20101
50S ribosomal protein L30101
50S ribosomal protein L240101
50S ribosomal protein L40101
50S ribosomal protein L220101
50S ribosomal protein L50101
30S ribosomal protein S210101
50S ribosomal protein L250101
50S ribosomal protein L36 20101
Protein Rev 0011
Aminoglycoside 3'-phosphotransferase 0001
Tyrosyl-DNA phosphodiesterase 10101
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit2002
PPM1D protein1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)1001
progesterone receptor3003
nonstructural protein 12002
bromodomain adjacent to zinc finger domain 2B1001
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a3003
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 22002
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 22002
muscleblind-like protein 1 isoform 12002
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
Glucocorticoid receptor04110
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10404
Androgen receptor0303
Glycine receptor subunit beta0404
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20404
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30404
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 53003
Ataxin-23003
Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group I member 20011
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase1001
TDP1 protein3003
Thioredoxin reductase 0101
Histone H2A.x1001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA3003
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
mitogen-activated protein kinase 12002
Flavodoxin0001
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D 0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S0202
Voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C0202
luciferase0001
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma2002
aryl hydrocarbon receptor2002
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)1001
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit2002
Estrogen receptor0202
Progesterone receptor0203
Glucocorticoid receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0011
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0213
Androgen receptor0202
Glutamine synthetase0011
Glutamate receptor 22002
Histamine H1 receptor0011
Nociceptin receptor0011
Estrogen receptor beta0202
Chain A, Ferritin light chain1001
glp-1 receptor, partial1001
pregnane X receptor1001
phosphopantetheinyl transferase1001
SMAD family member 21001
SMAD family member 31001
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 31001
farnesoid X nuclear receptor1001
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma1001
heat shock 70kDa protein 5 (glucose-regulated protein, 78kDa)1001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 21001
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 11001
nuclear receptor ROR-gamma isoform 11001
Polyunsaturated fatty acid lipoxygenase ALOX15B1001
Histamine H2 receptor1001
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G1001
Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]0001
Protein-arginine deiminase type-40202
Sterol 14-alpha-demethylase0011
14-alpha sterol demethylase 0011
Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, mitochondrial 0011
Cytochrome P450 2B60101
Cytochrome P450 2C190101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20101
14-alpha sterol demethylase 0011
Cholesterol 24-hydroxylase0213
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]