Page last updated: 2024-09-27

Synkinesis

An involuntary movement accompanying a volitional movement. It often refers to facial movements that accompany FACIAL PARALYSIS.

Synonyms(1)

Synonym
Synkinesis

Research Excerpts

Overview

ExcerptReference
"Oculonasal synkinesis is the simultaneous contraction of the orbicularis oculi and the compressor narium minor muscles."( Buyukdogan, H; Ciloglu, NS; Duran, A, 2014)
"Facial synkinesis is the simultaneous contraction of the certain facial musculature accompanying a motion of designated muscle in the face."( Bahk, S; Eo, S; Hwang, S, 2017)
"Oculonasal synkinesis is a rare phenomenon."( Alfano, C; Brunelli, F; Guarro, G; Rasile, B, 2017)

Research

Studies (44)

TimeframeStudies, This Condition (%)All Conditions %
pre-19909 (20.45)23.3326
1990's0 (0.00)12.5806
2000's7 (15.91)18.1394
2010's21 (47.73)28.8240
2020's7 (15.91)9.53
DrugIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
salicylic acid0low10
phenol0low10
carbamazepine0low10
lidocaine0low30
prednisolone0medium51
valine0medium11
fomesafen0low50
plerixafor0low10
fibrinogen0low10
inositol 3-phosphate0low20
isotretinoin0low10
phenylephrine hydrochloride0low60
jaw0low20
acyclovir0medium11
valacyclovir0medium11
eye0low80

Protein Targets (296)

ProteinPotency MeasurementsInhibition MeasurementsActivation MeasurementsDrugs
Chain E, Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0101
Chain A, HADH2 protein1001
Chain B, HADH2 protein1001
Chain A, ATP-DEPENDENT DNA HELICASE Q11001
Chain A, Ferritin light chain2002
Thymidine kinase 0101
thioredoxin reductase5005
phosphopantetheinyl transferase1001
GLS protein2002
TDP1 protein7007
Smad31001
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
EWS/FLI fusion protein3003
arylsulfatase A1001
euchromatic histone-lysine N-methyltransferase 26006
activating transcription factor 62002
Histone H2A.x2002
Bloom syndrome protein isoform 14004
hemoglobin subunit beta1001
atrial natriuretic peptide receptor 1 precursor1001
ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 2 isoform a1001
lamin isoform A-delta104004
Solute carrier family 22 member 1 0001
ATP-binding cassette sub-family C member 30606
Multidrug resistance-associated protein 40606
Solute carrier family 22 member 60102
Bile salt export pump0303
Bile salt export pump0707
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0101
Thymidine kinase, cytosolic0001
POU domain, class 2, transcription factor 20001
Cytochrome P450 2C9 0303
Cytochrome P450 2J20303
Disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 171001
Purine nucleoside phosphorylase0011
Solute carrier family 22 member 60102
Thymidine kinase 0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 80103
Canalicular multispecific organic anion transporter 10606
Thymidine kinase0101
Chain A, Beta-lactamase3003
acetylcholinesterase1001
RAR-related orphan receptor gamma6006
USP1 protein, partial1001
AR protein6006
glucocorticoid receptor [Homo sapiens]4004
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 14004
estrogen-related nuclear receptor alpha6006
pregnane X nuclear receptor4004
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha7007
IDH13003
cytochrome P450, family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1, isoform CRA_a4004
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform a2002
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 22002
mitogen-activated protein kinase 12002
geminin5005
Vpr2002
Albumin0011
Major prion protein0011
Cellular tumor antigen p534004
Sodium channel protein type 1 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 2 subunit alpha0202
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0202
UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B70001
Cytochrome P450 2B60011
Sodium channel protein type 4 subunit alpha0203
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 20202
Sodium channel protein type 9 subunit alpha0303
Frizzled-80011
P2X purinoceptor 40101
Luciferase2002
hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha subunit3003
progesterone receptor2002
peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma4004
vitamin D (1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D3) receptor4004
nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform 14004
Chain A, Cruzipain1001
ATAD5 protein, partial2002
GLI family zinc finger 33003
Microtubule-associated protein tau2002
aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 family, member A13003
estrogen receptor 2 (ER beta)1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 31001
regulator of G-protein signaling 41001
retinoid X nuclear receptor alpha3003
farnesoid X nuclear receptor1001
67.9K protein1001
Parkin1001
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta2002
thyroid stimulating hormone receptor2002
nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105), isoform CRA_a1001
Caspase-71001
peripheral myelin protein 22 isoform 11001
vitamin D3 receptor isoform VDRA1001
parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor precursor1001
potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily H member 2 isoform d1001
caspase-31001
thyroid hormone receptor beta isoform 22002
heat shock protein beta-11001
serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR isoform 11001
serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK11001
peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase NIMA-interacting 11001
DNA polymerase eta isoform 11001
DNA polymerase iota isoform a (long)1001
Voltage-dependent calcium channel gamma-2 subunit2002
Ornithine decarboxylase0001
Adenosine receptor A30202
Retinoic acid receptor alpha0101
Alpha-1B adrenergic receptor0202
Alpha-2B adrenergic receptor0202
Retinoic acid receptor gamma0101
Glutamate receptor 22002
Retinoic acid receptor beta0101
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 20011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 10101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha0101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-beta0101
Retinoic acid receptor RXR-gamma0101
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 10101
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B0202
Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor0202
Cellular retinoic acid-binding protein 10011
Mitogen-activated protein kinase 140101
Rap guanine nucleotide exchange factor 41001
Olfactory receptor 51E20101
Chymotrypsinogen A0101
ATP-dependent phosphofructokinase1001
Chain A, MAJOR APURINIC/APYRIMIDINIC ENDONUCLEASE1001
chromobox protein homolog 12002
flap endonuclease 11001
cytochrome P450 3A4 isoform 11001
muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi1001
Potassium channel subfamily K member 30101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 20101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta1001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-21001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-51001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-31001
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily A member 50101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-21001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-41001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-31001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-61001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-11001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-31001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-21001
Sodium channel protein type 5 subunit alpha0101
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily D member 20101
Potassium channel subfamily K member 180101
GABA theta subunit1001
Multidrug and toxin extrusion protein 10101
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon1001
Sodium channel protein type 3 subunit alpha0101
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain A, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain B, Penicillin Amidohydrolase0101
Chain A, TYROSYL-DNA PHOSPHODIESTERASE2002
Chain A, Lysozyme0011
Chain A, Lysozyme0011
Chain A, Lysozyme0011
Chain A, Lysozyme0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
Chain A, Ferritin light chain0011
cytochrome P450 2D61001
alpha-galactosidase1001
Polyphenol oxidase 20103
Carbonic anhydrase 120202
Endolysin0011
Carbonic anhydrase 10404
Carbonic anhydrase 20404
Carbonic anhydrase 30202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-10011
Sulfotransferase 1A1 0001
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-20011
Cannabinoid receptor 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 40202
Carbonic anhydrase 60303
Adenosine receptor A10101
Adenosine receptor A2a0101
Carbonic anhydrase 5A, mitochondrial0202
Carbonic anhydrase 70202
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-20011
Spike glycoprotein2002
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Beta-carbonic anhydrase 10101
Carbonic anhydrase 90202
Carbonic anhydrase0202
Carbonic anhydrase 0101
Carbonic anhydrase 30202
Carbonic anhydrase0101
Carbonic anhydrase 130101
Carbonic anhydrase 150202
Carbonic anhydrase 130202
Carbonic anhydrase 140202
Carbonic anhydrase 5B, mitochondrial0202
Chain A, 2-oxoglutarate Oxygenase2002
glp-1 receptor, partial1001
GALC protein1001
hypoxia-inducible factor 1, alpha subunit (basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor)1001
beta-2 adrenergic receptor1001
lysosomal alpha-glucosidase preproprotein1001
mu-type opioid receptor isoform MOR-10011
peripheral myelin protein 221001
5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A0011
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-41001
Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit beta-21001
Fumarate hydratase1001
polyprotein1001
histone acetyltransferase KAT2A isoform 13003
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 40101
Atypical chemokine receptor 30011
C-C chemokine receptor type 20101
C-X-C chemokine receptor type 40204
luciferase0001
cytochrome P450 family 3 subfamily A polypeptide 42002
aryl hydrocarbon receptor1001
v-jun sarcoma virus 17 oncogene homolog (avian)1001
nuclear receptor subfamily 1, group I, member 21001
Interferon beta1001
Fatty acid-binding protein, liver0101
Estrogen receptor0202
Glucocorticoid receptor0218
Progesterone receptor0203
Glucocorticoid receptor0112
Glucocorticoid receptor0011
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-10202
Corticosteroid-binding globulin0101
Mineralocorticoid receptor 0213
Androgen receptor0202
Glutamine synthetase0011
Androgen receptor0101
Glycine receptor subunit beta0202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-20202
Glycine receptor subunit alpha-30202
Histamine H1 receptor0011
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 20202
Nociceptin receptor0011
Estrogen receptor beta0202
ATPase family AAA domain-containing protein 51001
Ataxin-21001
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog1001
15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase [NAD(+)] isoform 11001
survival motor neuron protein isoform d1001
Estrogen receptor beta0001
Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta0001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-20001
Albumin0101
Polymerase acidic protein0011
Stromelysin-10011
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase YopH0101
High mobility group protein B10011
Aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10101
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-10101
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 10103
Estrogen receptor0001
Acetylcholinesterase0101
Prostaglandin G/H synthase 10101
Cystathionine gamma-lyase0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-10001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-20001
Xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase0101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-10001
Solute carrier family 22 member 70001
Nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase0101
Solute carrier family 22 member 200101
Solute carrier family 22 member 60101
Ubiquitin-like domain-containing CTD phosphatase 10101
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-30001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-20001
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-10001
thioredoxin glutathione reductase1001
Solute carrier family 15 member 10203
Solute carrier family 15 member 10101
Solute carrier family 15 member 20101
Valacyclovir hydrolase0001
Chain A, Arginase 10101
Large neutral amino acids transporter small subunit 10101
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]