ginsenoside rk1 profile

ginsenoside Rk1: structure in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	11499198
CHEMBL ID	251235
SCHEMBL ID	20904220
MeSH ID	M0446941

Synonym
gisenoside rk1
CHEMBL251235
ginsenoside rk1
S9210
494753-69-4
AKOS030530159
SCHEMBL20904220
(2s,3r,4s,5s,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-[[(3s,5r,8r,9r,10r,12r,13r,14r,17s)-12-hydroxy-4,4,8,10,14-pentamethyl-17-(6-methylhepta-1,5-dien-2-yl)-2,3,5,6,7,9,11,12,13,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl]oxy]o
CS-0022786
HY-N2515
CCG-270453
ginsenoside rk1 (rk1:rz1=5:2)
MS-31383
b-d-glucopyranoside, (3b,12b)-12-hydroxydammara-20,24-dien-3-yl2-o-b-d-glucopyranosyl-
AC-34688

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Ginsenoside Rk1 (RK1) is a substance that is derived from ginseng, and it has several biological activities, such as antiapoptotic, antioxidant and anticancer activities."	( Ginsenoside Rk1 attenuates radiation-induced intestinal injury through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Chen, H; Huang, H; Jin, Y; Li, Z; Sha, W; Su, P; Wang, Y; Wu, H; Zeng, R; Zhuo, Z, 2023)	3.07
"Ginsenoside Rk1 is a substance derived from ginseng and exhibits various activities such as anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects; however, its anti-tumor effect and target signaling mechanism in lung adenocarcinoma are not well understood. "	( Ginsenoside Rk1 induces apoptosis and downregulates the expression of PD-L1 by targeting the NF-κB pathway in lung adenocarcinoma. Deng, X; Duan, Z; Fan, D; Fu, R; Hu, M; Liang, L; Qu, L; Yang, J, 2020)	3.44

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"Cisplatin, as one of the most effective chemotherapeutic agents, its clinical use is limited by serious side effect of nephrotoxicity."	( Protective effect of ginsenoside Rk1, a major rare saponin from black ginseng, on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in HEK-293 cells. Gong, XJ; Hu, JN; Jiang, S; Li, KK; Li, W; Liu, Y; Liu, Z; Ren, S; Wang, YP; Xu, XY, 2020)	0.88

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
" However, its pharmacokinetic profile in vivo remains unclear."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability study of ginsenoside Rk1 in rat by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Fan, A; Li, G; Li, J; Liu, Q; Zhang, Y, 2019)	0.77
"A rapid ultra-fast liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to determine ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5, a pair of isomers, in rat plasma, which was successfully applied to their pharmacokinetic studies."	( Pharmacokinetic studies of ginsenosides Rk1 and Rg5 in rats by UFLC-MS/MS. Cheng, X; Deng, G; Guan, H; Ju, Z; Lin, Q; Liu, W; Ma, C; Sun, Y; Wang, C; Xue, Y, 2021)	0.62

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"40 h) and low bioavailability (2."	( Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability study of ginsenoside Rk1 in rat by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. Fan, A; Li, G; Li, J; Liu, Q; Zhang, Y, 2019)	0.77

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID539264	Antiapoptotic activity against HUVEC cells at 5 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT calorimetric assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 20, Issue:23	Cholesterol-derived novel anti-apoptotic agents on the structural basis of ginsenoside Rk1.
AID1255693	Activation of SIRT1 (unknown origin) after 45 mins by NAD/NADH enzyme-based fluorometric assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22	New SIRT1 activator from alkaline hydrolysate of total saponins in the stems-leaves of Panax ginseng.
AID539267	Antiapoptotic activity against HUVEC cells at 10 ug/ml after 48 hrs by MTT calorimetric assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 20, Issue:23	Cholesterol-derived novel anti-apoptotic agents on the structural basis of ginsenoside Rk1.
AID1255691	Cytotoxicity against human HL60 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22	New SIRT1 activator from alkaline hydrolysate of total saponins in the stems-leaves of Panax ginseng.
AID311155	Neurogenesis in TUJ+MAP2+ human neural stem cells at 8 uM for 24 hrs relative to control	2007	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 70, Issue:8	Panaxadiol glycosides that induce neuronal differentiation in neurosphere stem cells.
AID539266	Antiapoptotic activity against HUVEC cells at 10 ug/ml after 24 hrs by MTT calorimetric assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 20, Issue:23	Cholesterol-derived novel anti-apoptotic agents on the structural basis of ginsenoside Rk1.
AID1255692	Cytotoxicity against human HepG2 cells after 48 hrs by MTT assay	2015	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Nov-15, Volume: 25, Issue:22	New SIRT1 activator from alkaline hydrolysate of total saponins in the stems-leaves of Panax ginseng.
AID311157	Neurogenesis in GFAP+ human neural stem cells at 8 uM after 24 hrs relative to control	2007	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 70, Issue:8	Panaxadiol glycosides that induce neuronal differentiation in neurosphere stem cells.
AID270214	Hydroxyl radical scavenging activity at 2 mM	2006	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 16, Issue:19	Stereospecificity in hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of four ginsenosides produced by heat processing.
AID539265	Antiapoptotic activity against HUVEC cells at 5 ug/ml after 48 hrs by MTT calorimetric assay	2010	Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Dec-01, Volume: 20, Issue:23	Cholesterol-derived novel anti-apoptotic agents on the structural basis of ginsenoside Rk1.
AID311159	Neurogenesis in TOPRO+ human neural stem cells at 8 uM after 24 hrs relative to control	2007	Journal of natural products, Aug, Volume: 70, Issue:8	Panaxadiol glycosides that induce neuronal differentiation in neurosphere stem cells.
AID1076255	Antiapoptotic activity against HREC at 10 ug/ml after 48 hrs by MTT assay	2014	European journal of medicinal chemistry, Mar-21, Volume: 75	Glucal-conjugated sterols as novel vascular leakage blocker: structure-activity relationship focusing on the C17-side chain.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	0 (0.00)	18.7374
1990's	0 (0.00)	18.2507
2000's	5 (16.13)	29.6817
2010's	14 (45.16)	24.3611
2020's	12 (38.71)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	31 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
chlorine chloride : A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion.	2.17	1	halide anion; monoatomic chlorine	cofactor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite
histamine [no description available]	2.08	1	aralkylamino compound; imidazoles	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; neurotransmitter
aspirin Aspirin: The prototypical analgesic used in the treatment of mild to moderate pain. It has anti-inflammatory and antipyretic properties and acts as an inhibitor of cyclooxygenase which results in the inhibition of the biosynthesis of prostaglandins. Aspirin also inhibits platelet aggregation and is used in the prevention of arterial and venous thrombosis. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p5). acetylsalicylate : A benzoate that is the conjugate base of acetylsalicylic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group.. acetylsalicylic acid : A member of the class of benzoic acids that is salicylic acid in which the hydrogen that is attached to the phenolic hydroxy group has been replaced by an acetoxy group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug with cyclooxygenase inhibitor activity.	2.07	1	benzoic acids; phenyl acetates; salicylates	anticoagulant; antipyretic; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor; drug allergen; EC 1.1.1.188 (prostaglandin-F synthase) inhibitor; geroprotector; non-narcotic analgesic; non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; plant activator; platelet aggregation inhibitor; prostaglandin antagonist; teratogenic agent
donepezil Donepezil: An indan and piperidine derivative that acts as a selective and reversible inhibitor of ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE. Donepezil is highly selective for the central nervous system and is used in the management of mild to moderate DEMENTIA in ALZHEIMER DISEASE.. donepezil : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine.. 2-[(1-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl]-5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one : A member of the class of indanones that is 5,6-dimethoxyindan-1-one which is substituted at position 2 by an (N-benzylpiperidin-4-yl)methyl group.	3.14	1	aromatic ether; indanones; piperidines; racemate	EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor; EC 3.1.1.8 (cholinesterase) inhibitor; nootropic agent
2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4h-1-benzopyran-4-one 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one: specific inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; structure in first source	2.31	1	chromones; morpholines; organochlorine compound	autophagy inhibitor; EC 2.7.1.137 (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) inhibitor; geroprotector
glutamine Glutamine: A non-essential amino acid present abundantly throughout the body and is involved in many metabolic processes. It is synthesized from GLUTAMIC ACID and AMMONIA. It is the principal carrier of NITROGEN in the body and is an important energy source for many cells.. L-glutamine : An optically active form of glutamine having L-configuration.. glutamine : An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4.	7.41	1	amino acid zwitterion; glutamine family amino acid; glutamine; L-alpha-amino acid; polar amino acid zwitterion; proteinogenic amino acid	EC 1.14.13.39 (nitric oxide synthase) inhibitor; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; metabolite; micronutrient; mouse metabolite; nutraceutical; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
malondialdehyde Malondialdehyde: The dialdehyde of malonic acid.. malonaldehyde : A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form.	2.25	1	dialdehyde	biomarker
gold Gold: A yellow metallic element with the atomic symbol Au, atomic number 79, and atomic weight 197. It is used in jewelry, goldplating of other metals, as currency, and in dental restoration. Many of its clinical applications, such as ANTIRHEUMATIC AGENTS, are in the form of its salts.	2.17	1	copper group element atom; elemental gold
ferric chloride ferric chloride: RN given refers to cpd with MF of Fe-Cl3; used to induce experimental arterial thrombosis to evaluate antithrombotic agents	2.17	1	iron coordination entity	astringent; Lewis acid
epigallocatechin gallate epigallocatechin gallate: a steroid 5alpha-reductase inhibitor and antimutagen in green tea (Camellia sinensis). (-)-epigallocatechin 3-gallate : A gallate ester obtained by the formal condensation of gallic acid with the (3R)-hydroxy group of (-)-epigallocatechin.	2.03	1	flavans; gallate ester; polyphenol	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; apoptosis inducer; geroprotector; Hsp90 inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite
cholesteryl glucoside cholesteryl glucoside: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation	2.05	1	monosaccharide derivative; sterol 3-beta-D-glucoside
tretinoin Tretinoin: An important regulator of GENE EXPRESSION during growth and development, and in NEOPLASMS. Tretinoin, also known as retinoic acid and derived from maternal VITAMIN A, is essential for normal GROWTH; and EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT. An excess of tretinoin can be teratogenic. It is used in the treatment of PSORIASIS; ACNE VULGARIS; and several other SKIN DISEASES. It has also been approved for use in promyelocytic leukemia (LEUKEMIA, PROMYELOCYTIC, ACUTE).. retinoic acid : A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified).. all-trans-retinoic acid : A retinoic acid in which all four exocyclic double bonds have E- (trans-) geometry.	2.03	1	retinoic acid; vitamin A	anti-inflammatory agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; AP-1 antagonist; human metabolite; keratolytic drug; retinoic acid receptor agonist; retinoid X receptor agonist; signalling molecule
arachidonic acid icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid : Any icosatetraenoic acid with the double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14.. arachidonate : A long-chain fatty acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of arachidonic acid.	2.07	1	icosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid; long-chain fatty acid; omega-6 fatty acid	Daphnia galeata metabolite; EC 3.1.1.1 (carboxylesterase) inhibitor; human metabolite; mouse metabolite
ginsenosides ginsenoside : Triterpenoid saponins with a dammarane-like skeleton originally isolated from ginseng (Panax) species. Use of the term has been extended to include semi-synthetic derivatives.	4.7	25
thromboxane b2 Thromboxane B2: A stable, physiologically active compound formed in vivo from the prostaglandin endoperoxides. It is important in the platelet-release reaction (release of ADP and serotonin).. thromboxane B2 : A member of the class of thromboxanes B that is (5Z,13E)-thromboxa-5,13-dien-1-oic acid substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 9, 11 and 15.	2.07	1	thromboxanes B	human metabolite; mouse metabolite
vinorelbine [no description available]	2.11	1	acetate ester; methyl ester; organic heteropentacyclic compound; organic heterotetracyclic compound; ring assembly; vinca alkaloid	antineoplastic agent; photosensitizing agent
12-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid 12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid: A lipoxygenase metabolite of ARACHIDONIC ACID. It is a highly selective ligand used to label mu-opioid receptors in both membranes and tissue sections. The 12-S-HETE analog has been reported to augment tumor cell metastatic potential through activation of protein kinase C. (J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1995; 274(3):1545-51; J Natl Cancer Inst 1994; 86(15):1145-51)	2.07	1
ginsenoside rb1 [no description available]	2.17	1	ginsenoside; glycoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; anti-obesity agent; apoptosis inhibitor; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; radical scavenger
ginsenoside rg3 ginsenoside Rg3: from Red ginseng; inhibits lung metastasis of tumor cells; structure given in first source. (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.	3.17	5	ginsenoside; glycoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	angiogenesis modulating agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; plant metabolite
protopanaxadiol, (3beta,12beta)-isomer (20S)-protopanaxadiol : A diastereomer of protopanaxadiol in which the 20-hydroxy substituent has been introduced at the pro-S position.	2.11	1	protopanaxadiol
protopanaxatriol protopanaxtriol: a cardioprotective agent isolated from Panax notoginseng; structure in first source	2.11	1	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; 6alpha-hydroxy steroid; sapogenin; tetracyclic triterpenoid	metabolite
ginsenoside rd ginsenoside Rd: RN refers to (3beta,12beta)-isomer. ginsenoside Rd : A ginsenoside found in Panax ginseng and Panax japonicus var. major that is (20S)-ginsenoside Rg3 in which the hydroxy group at position 20 has been converted to its beta-D-glucopyranoside.	2.1	1	beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	anti-inflammatory drug; apoptosis inducer; immunosuppressive agent; neuroprotective agent; plant metabolite; vulnerary
ginsenoside rh1 ginsenoside Rh1: RN given for (3beta,6alpha,12beta)-isomer. (20S)-ginsenoside Rh1 : A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is (20S)-protopanaxadiol which is substituted by beta-D-glucoside at the 6alpha position.	2.11	1	12beta-hydroxy steroid; 3beta-hydroxy-4,4-dimethylsteroid; 3beta-hydroxy steroid; beta-D-glucoside; ginsenoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	plant metabolite
ginsenoside rh3 ginsenoside Rh3: from leaves of Panax ginseng C; structure given in first source	2.17	1	triterpenoid saponin
ginsenoside rh4 ginsenoside Rh4: isolated from Korean red ginseng Panax ginseng; structure in first source	2.17	1	triterpenoid saponin
(20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 (20R)-ginsenoside Rg3 : A ginsenoside found in Panax japonicus var. major that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-R positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranosyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.	2.03	1	ginsenoside; glycoside; tetracyclic triterpenoid	antioxidant; plant metabolite
ginsenoside rg5 ginsenoside Rg5: a major constituent of steamed Ginseng; structure in first source	3.58	7
ginsenoside rk3 ginsenoside Rk3: structure in first source	2.01	1

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Degenerative Diseases, Central Nervous System [description not available]	2.03	1
Neurodegenerative Diseases Hereditary and sporadic conditions which are characterized by progressive nervous system dysfunction. These disorders are often associated with atrophy of the affected central or peripheral nervous system structures.	2.03	1
Alloxan Diabetes [description not available]	2.1	1
Diabetic Retinopathy Disease of the RETINA as a complication of DIABETES MELLITUS. It is characterized by the progressive microvascular complications, such as ANEURYSM, interretinal EDEMA, and intraocular PATHOLOGIC NEOVASCULARIZATION.	2.1	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2.11	1
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2.11	1
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	2.85	3
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	2.85	3
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	2.85	3
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	2.85	3
Injuries, Radiation [description not available]	2.6	1
Grippe [description not available]	2.6	1
Influenza, Human An acute viral infection in humans involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the NASAL MUCOSA; the PHARYNX; and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia.	2.6	1
Cognitive Decline [description not available]	3.14	1
Acute Confusional Senile Dementia [description not available]	3.14	1
Alzheimer Disease A degenerative disease of the BRAIN characterized by the insidious onset of DEMENTIA. Impairment of MEMORY, judgment, attention span, and problem solving skills are followed by severe APRAXIAS and a global loss of cognitive abilities. The condition primarily occurs after age 60, and is marked pathologically by severe cortical atrophy and the triad of SENILE PLAQUES; NEUROFIBRILLARY TANGLES; and NEUROPIL THREADS. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1049-57)	3.14	1
Cognitive Dysfunction Diminished or impaired mental and/or intellectual function.	3.14	1
Lung Adenocarcinoma [description not available]	7.25	1
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	2.25	1
Adenocarcinoma of Lung A carcinoma originating in the lung and the most common lung cancer type in never-smokers. Malignant cells exhibit distinct features such as glandular epithelial, or tubular morphology. Mutations in KRAS, EGFR, BRAF, and ERBB2 genes are associated with this cancer.	2.25	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	2.25	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	2.63	2
Chronic Insomnia [description not available]	2.25	1
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders Disorders characterized by impairment of the ability to initiate or maintain sleep. This may occur as a primary disorder or in association with another medical or psychiatric condition.	2.25	1
Depression, Endogenous [description not available]	2.25	1
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.25	1
Depression Depressive states usually of moderate intensity in contrast with MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER present in neurotic and psychotic disorders.	7.25	1
Depressive Disorder An affective disorder manifested by either a dysphoric mood or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities. The mood disturbance is prominent and relatively persistent.	2.25	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.25	1
Blood Poisoning [description not available]	2.21	1
Chronic Lung Injury [description not available]	2.21	1
Sepsis Systemic inflammatory response syndrome with a proven or suspected infectious etiology. When sepsis is associated with organ dysfunction distant from the site of infection, it is called severe sepsis. When sepsis is accompanied by HYPOTENSION despite adequate fluid infusion, it is called SEPTIC SHOCK.	2.21	1
Neuroblastoma A common neoplasm of early childhood arising from neural crest cells in the sympathetic nervous system, and characterized by diverse clinical behavior, ranging from spontaneous remission to rapid metastatic progression and death. This tumor is the most common intraabdominal malignancy of childhood, but it may also arise from thorax, neck, or rarely occur in the central nervous system. Histologic features include uniform round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei arranged in nests and separated by fibrovascular septa. Neuroblastomas may be associated with the opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, pp2099-2101; Curr Opin Oncol 1998 Jan;10(1):43-51)	7.21	1
Kidney Diseases Pathological processes of the KIDNEY or its component tissues.	2.11	1
Malignant Melanoma [description not available]	2.07	1
Cancer of Skin [description not available]	2.07	1
Melanoma A malignant neoplasm derived from cells that are capable of forming melanin, which may occur in the skin of any part of the body, in the eye, or, rarely, in the mucous membranes of the genitalia, anus, oral cavity, or other sites. It occurs mostly in adults and may originate de novo or from a pigmented nevus or malignant lentigo. Melanomas frequently metastasize widely, and the regional lymph nodes, liver, lungs, and brain are likely to be involved. The incidence of malignant skin melanomas is rising rapidly in all parts of the world. (Stedman, 25th ed; from Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, p2445)	7.07	1
Skin Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the SKIN.	2.07	1
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	2.04	1

ginsenoside rk1

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (15)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Bioassays (12)

Research

Studies (31)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 23.17

Study Types

ginsenoside rk1

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (15)

Research Excerpts

Overview

Toxicity

Pharmacokinetics

Bioavailability

Bioassays (12)

Research

Studies (31)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 23.17

Study Types

Related Drugs (28)

Related Conditions (39)