n-nitrosopiperidine profile

N-Nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) is a potent carcinogen that has been studied extensively for its role in the formation of cancer in humans. NPIP is a colorless liquid that is soluble in organic solvents and is known to form in a variety of food products, particularly cured meats and fish. It is formed during the processing of these foods, typically through the reaction of nitrite with secondary amines. NPIP is also a byproduct of the industrial production of certain pharmaceuticals and pesticides. Its presence in foods is a concern due to its carcinogenic potential and its ability to accumulate in the body. Scientists study NPIP to understand its formation, its effects on human health, and to develop methods to prevent or minimize its formation in food. Studies have shown that NPIP can induce tumors in the liver, stomach, and esophagus in laboratory animals. It is believed that NPIP acts as a mutagen, causing changes in DNA that can lead to cancer. The mechanisms by which NPIP causes cancer are not fully understood, but it is thought to involve the formation of reactive nitrogen species that can damage DNA. Due to its carcinogenicity, NPIP has been classified as a probable human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). NPIP is also known to cause other health problems, such as liver damage and neurotoxicity. Efforts to reduce the levels of NPIP in food include reducing the amount of nitrite used in food processing, using alternative curing methods, and developing food packaging materials that can prevent the formation of NPIP. Research on NPIP continues to focus on understanding its formation, its effects on human health, and developing effective methods to reduce its presence in food.'

N-nitrosopiperidine: structure [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

N-nitrosopiperidine : A nitrosamine that is piperidine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a nitroso group. One of the many carcinogens detected in cigarette smoke, it is found in meat, cheese and spices that have been treated with the preservative sodium nitrite. [Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	7526
CHEMBL ID	165244
CHEBI ID	76324
SCHEMBL ID	605035
MeSH ID	M0043456

Synonym
smr001224515
MLS002152912
inchi=1/c5h10n2o/c8-6-7-4-2-1-3-5-7/h1-5h
NCGC00091386-01
n-nitroso-piperidin [german]
einecs 202-886-6
tl 266
rcra waste number u179
pyridine, hexahydro-n-nitroso-
hsdb 5115
n-n-pip
ccris 477
brn 0110253
nsc 138
n-pip
rcra waste no. u179
nitrosopiperidin [german]
1-nitrosopiperidine
wln: t6ntj ano
100-75-4
n-nitrosopiperidine
nitrosopiperidin
nsc138
nsc-138
n-nitroso-piperidin
npip
piperidine, 1-nitroso-
no-pip
nitrosopiperidine
n-nitrosopiperidine-d4
CHEMBL165244
1-nitroso-piperidine
chebi:76324 ,
NCGC00091386-02
AKOS006275616
6n066xul4l ,
unii-6n066xul4l
5-20-03-00530 (beilstein handbook reference)
C19284
HMS3039N10
NCGC00257821-01
dtxsid8021060 ,
dtxcid901060
tox21_200267
cas-100-75-4
FT-0672989
FT-0672988
FT-0631528
SCHEMBL605035
n-nitrosohexahydropyridine
nitrosopiperidine, n-
n-nitrosopiperidine [hsdb]
n-nitrosopiperidine [iarc]
UWSDONTXWQOZFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
n-nitrosopiperidine 10 microg/ml in methanol
piperidine, 1-nitroso-; 1-nitrosopiperidine; n-nitrosopiperidine; npi; npip; nsc 138
piperidine,1-nitroso-
Q22138417
D92816
EN300-7215701
AS-76660
1-nitrosopiperidine solution
Z1198147906

Excerpt	Reference	Relevance
"The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effect of isothiocyanates alone or in combination with vitamin C towards N-nitrosodibutylamine (NDBA) or N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP)-induced oxidative DNA damage in the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)/HepG2 assay."	( Protective effects of isothiocyanates alone or in combination with vitamin C towards N-nitrosodibutylamine or N-nitrosopiperidine-induced oxidative DNA damage in the single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)/HepG2 assay. Arranz, N; García, A; Haza, AI; Morales, P; Rafter, J, 2008)	0.75
"The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of organosulfur compounds (OSCs) alone or in combination with vitamin C towards N-nitrosopiperidine (NPIP) and N-nitrosodibutylamine (NDBA)-induced oxidative DNA damage in the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE)/HepG2 assay."	( Organosulfur compounds alone or in combination with vitamin C protect towards N-nitrosopiperidine- and N-nitrosodibutylamine-induced oxidative DNA damage in HepG2 cells. Arranz, N; Delgado, ME; García, A; Haza, AI; Morales, P; Rafter, J, 2008)	0.77

Excerpt	Relevance	Reference
"Female rats were dosed orally with one-fifth the LD50 of either 1-nitrosopiperidine (a carcinogen), cyclohexylamine, piperidine, 4-carboxy-1-nitrosopiperidine, 4-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosopiperidine or 2,6-dimethyl-1-nitrosopiperidine at 21 and 4 hr before they were killed."	( Biochemical studies of six nitrogen-containing heterocycles in rat tissues. Brown, JL; Kitchin, KT; Lijinsky, W, 1989)	0.28

Role	Description
carcinogenic agent	A role played by a chemical compound which is known to induce a process of carcinogenesis by corrupting normal cellular pathways, leading to the acquistion of tumoral capabilities.
apoptosis inducer	Any substance that induces the process of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in multi-celled organisms.
mutagen	An agent that increases the frequency of mutations above the normal background level, usually by interacting directly with DNA and causing it damage, including base substitution.
environmental contaminant	Any minor or unwanted substance introduced into the environment that can have undesired effects.
[role information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Class	Description
nitrosamine	N-Nitroso amines, compounds of the structure R2NNO. Compounds RNHNO are not ordinarily isolable, but they, too, are nitrosamines. The name is a contraction of N-nitrosoamine and, as such, does not require the N locant.
piperidine	An azacycloalkane that is cyclohexane in which one of the carbons is replaced by a nitrogen. It is a metabolite of cadaverine, a polyamine found in the human intestine.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
chaperonin-containing TCP-1 beta subunit homolog	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	35.4813	3.9811	27.7649	39.8107	AID504842
retinoic acid nuclear receptor alpha variant 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	68.2410	0.0030	41.6115	22,387.1992	AID1159553
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	21.7708	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID743075
IDH1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	1.6360	0.0052	10.8652	35.4813	AID686970
chromobox protein homolog 1	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	79.4328	0.0060	26.1688	89.1251	AID540317
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Assay ID	Title	Year	Journal	Article
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588499	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain A protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID1745845	Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588497	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Botulinum neurotoxin light chain F protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID504812	Inverse Agonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Current protocols in cytometry, Oct, Volume: Chapter 13	Microsphere-based flow cytometry protease assays for use in protease activity detection and high-throughput screening.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2006	Cytometry. Part A : the journal of the International Society for Analytical Cytology, May, Volume: 69, Issue:5	Microsphere-based protease assays and screening application for lethal factor and factor Xa.
AID588501	High-throughput multiplex microsphere screening for inhibitors of toxin protease, specifically Lethal Factor Protease, MLPCN compound set	2010	Assay and drug development technologies, Feb, Volume: 8, Issue:1	High-throughput multiplex flow cytometry screening for botulinum neurotoxin type a light chain protease inhibitors.
AID651635	Viability Counterscreen for Primary qHTS for Inhibitors of ATXN expression
AID504810	Antagonists of the Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor: HTS campaign	2010	Endocrinology, Jul, Volume: 151, Issue:7	A small molecule inverse agonist for the human thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor.
AID226732	The compound was modelled in silico for carcinogenic potency; + = Carcinogen	1982	Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jul, Volume: 25, Issue:7	Computer-assisted studies of structure-activity relationships of N-nitroso compounds using pattern recognition.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	44 (45.83)	18.7374
1990's	10 (10.42)	18.2507
2000's	19 (19.79)	29.6817
2010's	21 (21.88)	24.3611
2020's	2 (2.08)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	0 (0.00%)	6.00%
Case Studies	0 (0.00%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	103 (100.00%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
cadaverine [no description available]	2.1	1	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	Daphnia magna metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; mouse metabolite; plant metabolite
nitrates Nitrates: Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	4.1	3	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species
nitrites Nitrites: Salts of nitrous acid or compounds containing the group NO2-. The inorganic nitrites of the type MNO2 (where M=metal) are all insoluble, except the alkali nitrites. The organic nitrites may be isomeric, but not identical with the corresponding nitro compounds. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed)	2.72	3	monovalent inorganic anion; nitrogen oxoanion; reactive nitrogen species	human metabolite
putrescine [no description available]	2.1	1	alkane-alpha,omega-diamine	antioxidant; fundamental metabolite
sulfur dioxide Sulfur Dioxide: A highly toxic, colorless, nonflammable gas. It is used as a pharmaceutical aid and antioxidant. It is also an environmental air pollutant.	1.97	1	sulfur oxide	Escherichia coli metabolite; food bleaching agent; refrigerant
2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine: mutagen from fried ground beef; structure given in first source. PhIP : An imidazopyridine that is 1H--imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine which is substituted at positions 1, 2, and 6 by methyl, amino, and phenyl groups, respectively. It is the most abundant of the mutagenic heterocyclic amines found in cooked meat and fish.	2.4	2	imidazopyridine; primary amino compound	carcinogenic agent; mutagen
3-methylcholanthrene Methylcholanthrene: A carcinogen that is often used in experimental cancer studies.. 3-methylcholanthrene : A pentacyclic ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of a dihydrocyclopenta[ij]tetraphene ring system with a methyl substituent at the 3-position.	2.36	2	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonist; carcinogenic agent
benzo(a)pyrene Benzo(a)pyrene: A potent mutagen and carcinogen. It is a public health concern because of its possible effects on industrial workers, as an environmental pollutant, an as a component of tobacco smoke.. benzo[a]pyrene : An ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene consisting of five fused benzene rings.	2.67	3	ortho- and peri-fused polycyclic arene	carcinogenic agent; mouse metabolite
indole-3-carbinol indole-3-carbinol: occurs in edible cruciferous vegetables. indole-3-methanol : An indolyl alcohol carrying a hydroxymethyl group at position 3. It is a constituent of the cruciferous vegetables and had anticancer activity.	2.04	1	indolyl alcohol	antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	1.96	1	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
phenobarbital Phenobarbital: A barbituric acid derivative that acts as a nonselective central nervous system depressant. It potentiates GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC ACID action on GABA-A RECEPTORS, and modulates chloride currents through receptor channels. It also inhibits glutamate induced depolarizations.. phenobarbital : A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.	2.36	2	barbiturates	anticonvulsant; drug allergen; excitatory amino acid antagonist; sedative
tolazamide Tolazamide: A sulphonylurea hypoglycemic agent with actions and uses similar to those of CHLORPROPAMIDE.. tolazamide : An N-sulfonylurea that is 1-tosylurea in which a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen at position 3 is replaced by an azepan-1-yl group. A hypoglycemic agent, it is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.	6.97	1	N-sulfonylurea	hypoglycemic agent; potassium channel blocker
2-acetylaminofluorene 2-Acetylaminofluorene: A hepatic carcinogen whose mechanism of activation involves N-hydroxylation to the aryl hydroxamic acid followed by enzymatic sulfonation to sulfoxyfluorenylacetamide. It is used to study the carcinogenicity and mutagenicity of aromatic amines.	1.97	1	2-acetamidofluorenes	antimitotic; carcinogenic agent; epitope; mutagen
diethylnitrosamine Diethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-nitrosodiethylamine : A nitrosamine that is N-ethylethanamine substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom.	9.18	17	nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent; hepatotoxic agent; mutagen
allyl isothiocyanate allyl isothiocyanate: used in the manufacture of flavors, war gases; medical use as a counterirritant; structure. allyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate with the formula CH2=CHCH2N=C=S. A colorless oil with boiling point 152degreeC, it is responsible for the pungent taste of mustard, horseradish, and wasabi.	2.04	1	alkenyl isothiocyanate; isothiocyanate	antimicrobial agent; antineoplastic agent; apoptosis inducer; lachrymator; metabolite
ethinyl estradiol Ethinyl Estradiol: A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.. 17alpha-ethynylestradiol : A 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration.	1.97	1	17-hydroxy steroid; 3-hydroxy steroid; terminal acetylenic compound	xenoestrogen
9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon found in tobacco smoke that is a potent carcinogen.. 7,12-dimethyltetraphene : A tetraphene having methyl substituents at the 7- and 12-positions. It is a potent carcinogen and is present in tobacco smoke.	1.99	1	ortho-fused polycyclic arene; tetraphenes	carcinogenic agent
n-nitrosomorpholine N-nitrosomorpholine : A nitrosamine that is morpholine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a nitroso group. A carcinogen and mutagen, it is found in snuff tobacco.	3.89	12	nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent; mutagen
dimethylnitrosamine Dimethylnitrosamine: A nitrosamine derivative with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties. It causes serious liver damage and is a hepatocarcinogen in rodents.	4.56	25	nitrosamine	geroprotector; mutagen
propane Propane: A three carbon alkane with the formula H3CCH2CH3.	2	1	alkane; gas molecular entity	food propellant
isobutylamine 2-methylpropanamine : An alkylamine having isobutyl as the alkyl group. It has been isolated from Sambucus nigra (Elderberry).	1.97	1	alkylamines	plant metabolite
peracetic acid Peracetic Acid: A liquid that functions as a strong oxidizing agent. It has an acrid odor and is used as a disinfectant.. peracetic acid : A peroxy acid that is acetic acid in which the OH group is substituted by a hydroperoxy group. It is a versatile oxidising agent that is used as a disinfectant.	2.13	1	a peroxy acid	disinfectant; oxidising agent
n-nitrosodiphenylamine N-nitrosodiphenylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in first source	3.14	5	phenylhydrazines
1,2-epoxybutane 1,2-epoxybutane: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation	1.96	1	epoxide
n-butylamine n-butylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. butan-1-amine : A primary aliphatic amine that is butane substituted by an amino group at position 1.	2.15	1	primary aliphatic amine
dipropyl sulfide [no description available]	2	1	aliphatic sulfide
4-nitrosodimethylaniline 4-nitrosodimethylaniline: structure; RN given refers to parent cpd. N,N-dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline : A member of the class of dimethylanilines that is N,N-dimethylaniline having a nitroso group at the 4-position.	2.4	2	dimethylaniline; nitroso compound; tertiary amino compound
n,n'-dinitrosopiperazine N,N'-dinitrosopiperazine: RN given refers to unlabeled cpd	1.96	1
catechin Catechin: An antioxidant flavonoid, occurring especially in woody plants as both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin (cis) forms.. catechin : Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives.. rac-catechin : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (+)- and (-)-catechin. (+)-catechin : The (+)-enantiomer of catechin and a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite.	2.42	2	catechin	antioxidant; plant metabolite
thiazoles [no description available]	2.01	1	1,3-thiazoles; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene
thiazolidines Thiazolidines: Reduced (protonated) form of THIAZOLES. They can be oxidized to THIAZOLIDINEDIONES.	2.01	1	thiazolidine
allyl sulfide allyl sulfide: essence of garlic; inhibits CYP2E1	2	1	organic sulfide
diisopropylnitrosamine [no description available]	2.36	2
2-anthramine 2-anthramine: structure	1.96	1	anthracenamine
n-methyl-n-nitrosoaniline N-methyl-N-nitrosoaniline: structure	1.96	1
acetylcysteine N-acetyl-L-cysteine : An N-acetyl-L-amino acid that is the N-acetylated derivative of the natural amino acid L-cysteine.	2.04	1	acetylcysteine; L-cysteine derivative; N-acetyl-L-amino acid	antidote to paracetamol poisoning; antiinfective agent; antioxidant; antiviral drug; ferroptosis inhibitor; geroprotector; human metabolite; mucolytic; radical scavenger; vulnerary
n-nitroso(di-n-propyl)amine [no description available]	3.73	10	nitroso compound
n-propyl disulfide n-propyl disulfide: major flavor component of onions; non-nitrogenous, pungent volatile oil. dipropyl disulfide : An organic disulfide where the alkyl groups specified are propyl. It is a component of the essential oils obtained from Allium.	2.05	1	organic disulfide	plant metabolite
methylnitrosourea Methylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-methyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by methyl and nitroso groups.	2.4	2	N-nitrosoureas	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; mutagen; teratogenic agent
ethylnitrosourea Ethylnitrosourea: A nitrosourea compound with alkylating, carcinogenic, and mutagenic properties.. N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea : A member of the class of N-nitrosoureas that is urea in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by ethyl and nitroso groups.	1.97	1	N-nitrosoureas	alkylating agent; carcinogenic agent; genotoxin; mutagen
n-nitrosobutylurea N-nitrosobutylurea: structure	1.97	1
dibutylnitrosamine dibutylnitrosamine: structure	4.05	14	nitroso compound
n-nitrosopyrrolidine N-Nitrosopyrrolidine: Carcinogenic nitrosamine that may be formed from preservatives in meats during their preparation or in the liver during metabolism.	4.47	23	pyrrolidines
n-nitrosoperhydroazepine [no description available]	2.88	4
nitrosobenzylmethylamine nitrosobenzylmethylamine: structure	2.67	3
n-nitrosodiethanolamine [no description available]	2.37	2	nitroso compound
n-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine N-nitroso-2,6-dimethylmorpholine: RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation	2.88	4
diallyl disulfide diallyl disulfide: major constituent of garlic oil. diallyl disulfide : An organic disulfide where the organic group specified is allyl. It has been isolated from garlic and other species of the genus Allium.	2.42	2	organic disulfide	antifungal agent; antineoplastic agent; plant metabolite
phenethyl isothiocyanate phenethyl isothiocyanate: a dietary liver aldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitor; promotes urinary bladder carcinoma. phenethyl isothiocyanate : An isothiocyanate having a phenethyl group attached to the nitrogen. It is a naturally occurring compound found in some cruciferous vegetables (e.g. watercress) and is known to possess anticancer properties.	2.04	1	isothiocyanate	antineoplastic agent; EC 1.2.1.3 [aldehyde dehydrogenase (NAD(+))] inhibitor; metabolite
butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine: A substituted carcinogenic nitrosamine.. N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)nitrosamine : A nitrosamine that has butyl and 4-hydroxybutyl substituents. In mice, it causes high-grade, invasive cancers in the urinary bladder, but not in any other tissues.	1.96	1	nitrosamine; primary alcohol	carcinogenic agent
n-nitroso-n-methylvinylamine N-nitroso-N-methylvinylamine: structure given in first source	1.96	1	nitroso compound
n-nitrosodibenzylamine N-nitrosodibenzylamine: structure	1.96	1
n-nitroso-n-methylcyclohexylamine [no description available]	1.96	1
1-nitrosopiperazine [no description available]	2.36	2	phytanoyl-CoAs
nitrosomethyl-n-butylamine nitrosomethyl-N-butylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.96	1
meladrazine nitrosoproline: RN given refers to 1-nitroso-L-proline	2.38	2
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	1.96	1	dihydrogen
chlorine Chlorine: An element with atomic symbol Cl, atomic number 17, and atomic weight 35, and member of the halogen family.	2.13	1	diatomic chlorine; gas molecular entity	bleaching agent
methylethylnitrosamine [no description available]	3.45	7	nitroso compound
chloramine [no description available]	2.13	1	halide
n-ethyl-n-hydroxyethylnitrosamine N-ethyl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)nitrosamine : A nitrosamine that is N-nitrosodiethylamine in which one of the ethyl froups has been replaced by a 2-hydroxyethyl group. It is used to induce renal and liver tumours in rodents.	2.37	2	nitrosamine; primary alcohol	carcinogenic agent
n-amyl-n-methylnitrosamine N-methyl-N-pentylnitrosamine : A nitrosamine that has methyl and pentyl substituents. It is a potent oesophageal carcinogen.	1.96	1	nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent
vinylethylnitrosamine [no description available]	1.96	1
n-nitrososarcosine N-nitrososarcosine : A nitrosamine that is sarcosine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a nitroso group.	2.38	2	nitrosamine; non-proteinogenic amino acid derivative	carcinogenic agent
trinitrosotrimethylenetriamine [no description available]	1.96	1	1,3,5-triazinanes; nitrosamine
diallylnitrosamine [no description available]	1.96	1
n-nitroso-n'-methylpiperazine [no description available]	1.96	1
n'-nitrosonornicotine N'-nitrosonornicotine: structure; a potent carcinogen in laboratory animals	7.39	2	pyridines; pyrrolidines
n-nitrosoephedrine [no description available]	1.96	1
n-nitrosoheptamethyleneimine [no description available]	2.36	2	nitrosamine
chlorodiphenyl (54% chlorine) Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine): A mixture of polychlorinated biphenyls that induces hepatic microsomal UDP-glucuronyl transferase activity towards thyroxine.. Aroclor 1254 : A mixture of polychlorobiphenyls of unspecified composition, containing 54% chlorine (X = Cl or H).	1.99	1
diisopropanolnitrosamine diisopropanolnitrosamine: experimental carcinogen. N,N-bis(2-hydroxypropyl)nitrosamine : A nitrosamine that is dipropylamine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen has been replaced by a nitroso group. It is a genotoxic carcinogen, targeting the lung, liver, thyroid, and kidney.	2.37	2	diol; nitrosamine; secondary alcohol	carcinogenic agent
n-nitrosomethyldodecylamine N-nitrosomethyldodecylamine: product of reaction of dimethyl-n-dodecylamine with nitrous acid	1.96	1
n,n-dinitrosohomopiperazine [no description available]	1.96	1
methyl(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine methyl(acetoxymethyl)nitrosamine: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure in seventh source	1.96	1
nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine: structure. nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine : A nitrosamine that is iminodiacetone that is substituted by a nitroso group at the N-atom. It induces pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas in Syrian golden hamsters (other rodents are not susceptible).	1.96	1	ketone; nitrosamine	carcinogenic agent
2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline 2-amino-3-methylimidazo(4,5-f)quinoline: mutagen found in broiled food; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure given in first source; frequently abbreviated as IQ in the literature. 3-methyl-3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinolin-2-amine : An imidazoquinoline that is 3H-imidazo[4,5-f]quinoline substituted by a methyl group at position 3 and an amino group at position 2.	1.99	1	imidazoquinoline	carcinogenic agent
n-nitrosoguvacoline N-nitrosoguvacoline: formed by nitrosation of arecoline	1.96	1	citraconoyl group
n-nitrososarcosine ethyl ester [no description available]	1.96	1
2-hydroxypropyl-n-propylnitrosamine [no description available]	1.96	1
2-oxopropyl-n-propylnitrosamine [no description available]	1.96	1
n-nitrosothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid N-nitrosothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid: found in human urine	2.01	1	organonitrogen compound; organooxygen compound
pentoxyresorufin [no description available]	1.99	1
3-nitrosomethylaminopyridine 3-nitrosomethylaminopyridine: structure	1.96	1
4-nitrophenyl myo-inositol-1-phosphate 4-nitrophenyl myo-inositol-1-phosphate: structure given in first source; a chromogenic substrate for phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C; RN given refers to monoammonium salt	2.48	2
2-nitrosomethylaminopyridine 2-nitrosomethylaminopyridine: structure	1.96	1
4-nitrosomethylaminopyridine 4-nitrosomethylaminopyridine: structure	1.96	1
aflatoxin b1 Aflatoxin B1: A potent hepatotoxic and hepatocarcinogenic mycotoxin produced by the Aspergillus flavus group of fungi. It is also mutagenic, teratogenic, and causes immunosuppression in animals. It is found as a contaminant in peanuts, cottonseed meal, corn, and other grains. The mycotoxin requires epoxidation to aflatoxin B1 2,3-oxide for activation. Microsomal monooxygenases biotransform the toxin to the less toxic metabolites aflatoxin M1 and Q1.. aflatoxin B1 : An aflatoxin having a tetrahydrocyclopenta[c]furo[3',2':4,5]furo[2,3-h]chromene skeleton with oxygen functionality at positions 1, 4 and 11.	1.96	1	aflatoxin; aromatic ether; aromatic ketone	carcinogenic agent; human metabolite
n,n-diamylnitrosamine [no description available]	1.96	1
bromochloroacetic acid Keratins: A class of fibrous proteins or scleroproteins that represents the principal constituent of EPIDERMIS; HAIR; NAILS; horny tissues, and the organic matrix of tooth ENAMEL. Two major conformational groups have been characterized, alpha-keratin, whose peptide backbone forms a coiled-coil alpha helical structure consisting of TYPE I KERATIN and a TYPE II KERATIN, and beta-keratin, whose backbone forms a zigzag or pleated sheet structure. alpha-Keratins have been classified into at least 20 subtypes. In addition multiple isoforms of subtypes have been found which may be due to GENE DUPLICATION.. bromochloroacetic acid : A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is replaced by bromine while a second is replaced by chlorine. A low-melting (27.5-31.5degreeC), hygroscopic crystalline solid, it can be formed during the disinfection (by chlorination) of water that contains bromide ions and organic matter, so can occur in drinking water as a byproduct of the disinfection process.	1.96	1	2-bromocarboxylic acid; monocarboxylic acid; organochlorine compound
cotinine Cotinine: The N-glucuronide conjugate of cotinine is a major urinary metabolite of NICOTINE. It thus serves as a biomarker of exposure to tobacco SMOKING. It has CNS stimulating properties.. (-)-cotinine : An N-alkylpyrrolidine that consists of N-methylpyrrolidinone bearing a pyridin-3-yl substituent at position C-5 (the 5S-enantiomer). It is an alkaloid commonly found in Nicotiana tabacum.	2.08	1	N-alkylpyrrolidine; pyridines; pyrrolidin-2-ones; pyrrolidine alkaloid	antidepressant; biomarker; human xenobiotic metabolite; plant metabolite
nadp [no description available]	1.95	1
3-hydroxy-1-nitrosopyrrolidine [no description available]	1.95	1	pyrrolidines
quercetin [no description available]	2.05	1	7-hydroxyflavonol; pentahydroxyflavone	antibacterial agent; antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; Aurora kinase inhibitor; chelator; EC 1.10.99.2 [ribosyldihydronicotinamide dehydrogenase (quinone)] inhibitor; geroprotector; phytoestrogen; plant metabolite; protein kinase inhibitor; radical scavenger
vitamin k semiquinone radical vitamin K semiquinone radical: found in active preparations of vitamin K-dependent carboxylase. vitamin K : Any member of a group of fat-soluble 2-methyl-1,4-napthoquinones that exhibit biological activity against vitamin K deficiency. Vitamin K is required for the synthesis of prothrombin and certain other blood coagulation factors.	1.99	1
myricetin [no description available]	2.05	1	7-hydroxyflavonol; hexahydroxyflavone	antineoplastic agent; antioxidant; cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor; food component; geroprotector; hypoglycemic agent; plant metabolite
sulfur Sulfur: An element that is a member of the chalcogen family. It has an atomic symbol S, atomic number 16, and atomic weight [32.059; 32.076]. It is found in the amino acids cysteine and methionine.	7.04	1	chalcogen; nonmetal atom	macronutrient
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	1.97	1	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
sodium nitrite Sodium Nitrite: Nitrous acid sodium salt. Used in many industrial processes, in meat curing, coloring, and preserving, and as a reagent in ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY TECHNIQUES. It is used therapeutically as an antidote in cyanide poisoning. The compound is toxic and mutagenic and will react in vivo with secondary or tertiary amines thereby producing highly carcinogenic nitrosamines.. sodium nitrite : An inorganic sodium salt having nitrite as the counterion. Used as a food preservative and antidote to cyanide poisoning.	1.97	1	inorganic sodium salt; nitrite salt	antidote to cyanide poisoning; antihypertensive agent; antimicrobial food preservative; food antioxidant; poison
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	3.9	13
ascorbic acid Ascorbic Acid: A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.. L-ascorbic acid : The L-enantiomer of ascorbic acid and conjugate acid of L-ascorbate.. L-ascorbate : The L-enantiomer of ascorbate and conjugate base of L-ascorbic acid, arising from selective deprotonation of the 3-hydroxy group. Required for a range of essential metabolic reactions in all animals and plants.. vitamin C : Any member of a group of vitamers that belong to the chemical structural class called butenolides that exhibit biological activity against vitamin C deficiency in animals. The vitamers include L-ascorbic acid and its salt, ionized and oxidized forms.	3.7	10	ascorbic acid; vitamin C	coenzyme; cofactor; flour treatment agent; food antioxidant; food colour retention agent; geroprotector; plant metabolite; skin lightening agent
thearubigin thearubigin: from black tea leaves; a catechin oxidized product; a mixture of heterogenous polyphenols	1.99	1
methylnitronitrosoguanidine Methylnitronitrosoguanidine: A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties.. N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine : An N-nitroguanidine compound having nitroso and methyl substituents at the N'-position	2.06	1	nitroso compound	alkylating agent

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Innate Inflammatory Response [description not available]	2.05	1
Inflammation A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function.	2.05	1
Cancer of Esophagus [description not available]	3.92	13
Esophageal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the ESOPHAGUS.	3.92	13
Hepatocellular Carcinoma [description not available]	3.37	7
Cancer of Liver [description not available]	3.68	10
Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia [description not available]	2.05	1
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular A primary malignant neoplasm of epithelial liver cells. It ranges from a well-differentiated tumor with EPITHELIAL CELLS indistinguishable from normal HEPATOCYTES to a poorly differentiated neoplasm. The cells may be uniform or markedly pleomorphic, or form GIANT CELLS. Several classification schemes have been suggested.	3.37	7
Liver Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LIVER.	3.68	10
Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute An acute myeloid leukemia in which abnormal PROMYELOCYTES predominate. It is frequently associated with DISSEMINATED INTRAVASCULAR COAGULATION.	2.05	1
Adenoma, Basal Cell [description not available]	2.05	1
Carcinoma, Bronchial [description not available]	2.05	1
Carcinoma, Epidermoid [description not available]	2.67	3
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	2.4	2
Adenoma A benign epithelial tumor with a glandular organization.	2.05	1
Carcinoma, Bronchogenic Malignant neoplasm arising from the epithelium of the BRONCHI. It represents a large group of epithelial lung malignancies which can be divided into two clinical groups: SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER and NON-SMALL-CELL LUNG CARCINOMA.	2.05	1
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell A carcinoma derived from stratified SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS. It may also occur in sites where glandular or columnar epithelium is normally present. (From Stedman, 25th ed)	2.67	3
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	2.4	2
Pregnancy The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	2.02	1
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.46	2
Carcinoma, Anaplastic [description not available]	2.35	2
Cancer of Paranasal Sinus [description not available]	1.94	1
Carcinoma A malignant neoplasm made up of epithelial cells tending to infiltrate the surrounding tissues and give rise to metastases. It is a histological type of neoplasm and not a synonym for cancer.	2.35	2
Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the PARANASAL SINUSES.	1.94	1
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic Cell changes manifested by escape from control mechanisms, increased growth potential, alterations in the cell surface, karyotypic abnormalities, morphological and biochemical deviations from the norm, and other attributes conferring the ability to invade, metastasize, and kill.	2.67	3
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	3.83	12
Cell Transformation, Viral An inheritable change in cells manifested by changes in cell division and growth and alterations in cell surface properties. It is induced by infection with a transforming virus.	2.03	1
Leucocythaemia [description not available]	2.04	1
Leukemia A progressive, malignant disease of the blood-forming organs, characterized by distorted proliferation and development of leukocytes and their precursors in the blood and bone marrow. Leukemias were originally termed acute or chronic based on life expectancy but now are classified according to cellular maturity. Acute leukemias consist of predominately immature cells; chronic leukemias are composed of more mature cells. (From The Merck Manual, 2006)	7.04	1
Benign Neoplasms [description not available]	2.38	2
Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.	2.38	2
Cancer of Digestive System [description not available]	2.36	2
Respiratory Tract Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the RESPIRATORY SYSTEM.	2.37	2
Digestive System Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the DIGESTIVE SYSTEM.	2.36	2
Cancer of Gastrointestinal Tract [description not available]	1.96	1
Cancer of Stomach [description not available]	2.88	4
Cancer of the Tongue [description not available]	1.96	1
Stomach Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.	2.88	4
Tongue Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the TONGUE.	1.96	1
Deficiency, Ascorbic Acid [description not available]	1.96	1
Ascorbic Acid Deficiency A condition due to a dietary deficiency of ascorbic acid (vitamin C), characterized by malaise, lethargy, and weakness. As the disease progresses, joints, muscles, and subcutaneous tissues may become the sites of hemorrhage. Ascorbic acid deficiency frequently develops into SCURVY in young children fed unsupplemented cow's milk exclusively during their first year. It develops also commonly in chronic alcoholism. (Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, p1177)	6.96	1
Cancer of Nose [description not available]	3.06	5
Experimental Hepatoma [description not available]	2.67	3
Abnormalities, Autosome [description not available]	1.98	1
Cancer of Oropharnyx [description not available]	1.95	1
Oropharyngeal Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX.	1.95	1
Hypertrophy General increase in bulk of a part or organ due to CELL ENLARGEMENT and accumulation of FLUIDS AND SECRETIONS, not due to tumor formation, nor to an increase in the number of cells (HYPERPLASIA).	1.95	1
Endothelioma, Vascular [description not available]	1.95	1
Hemangioendothelioma A neoplasm derived from blood vessels, characterized by numerous prominent endothelial cells that occur singly, in aggregates, and as the lining of congeries of vascular tubes or channels. Hemangioendotheliomas are relatively rare and are of intermediate malignancy (between benign hemangiomas and conventional angiosarcomas). They affect men and women about equally and rarely develop in childhood. (From Stedman, 25th ed; Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1866)	1.95	1
Cancer of Larynx [description not available]	1.97	1
Papilloma, Squamous Cell [description not available]	1.97	1
Tracheal Neoplasms New abnormal growth of tissue in the TRACHEA.	1.97	1
Laryngeal Neoplasms Cancers or tumors of the LARYNX or any of its parts: the GLOTTIS; EPIGLOTTIS; LARYNGEAL CARTILAGES; LARYNGEAL MUSCLES; and VOCAL CORDS.	1.97	1
Papilloma A circumscribed benign epithelial tumor projecting from the surrounding surface; more precisely, a benign epithelial neoplasm consisting of villous or arborescent outgrowths of fibrovascular stroma covered by neoplastic cells. (Stedman, 25th ed)	1.97	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	1.96	1
(pPNET) Peripheral Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors [description not available]	2.66	3
Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral A group of highly cellular primitive round cell neoplasms which occur extracranially in soft tissue and bone and are derived from embryonal neural crest cells. These tumors occur primarily in children and adolescents and share a number of characteristics with EWING SARCOMA.	2.66	3
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	1.96	1
Condition, Preneoplastic [description not available]	1.96	1
Cocarcinogenesis The combination of two or more different factors in the production of cancer.	1.96	1
Hyperplasia An increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ without tumor formation. It differs from HYPERTROPHY, which is an increase in bulk without an increase in the number of cells.	2.37	2
Precancerous Conditions Pathological conditions that tend eventually to become malignant.	1.96	1
Bladder Cancer [description not available]	1.97	1
Cancer of Kidney [description not available]	1.97	1
Cancer of the Thyroid [description not available]	1.97	1
Urinary Bladder Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the URINARY BLADDER.	1.97	1
Kidney Neoplasms Tumors or cancers of the KIDNEY.	1.97	1
Thyroid Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the THYROID GLAND.	1.97	1

n-nitrosopiperidine

Description

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Synonyms (63)

Research Excerpts

Compound-Compound Interactions

Dosage Studied

Roles (4)

Drug Classes (2)

Protein Targets (5)

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Bioassays (14)

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Studies (96)

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Research Demand Index: 31.81

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