1,2-epoxybutane profile

## 1,2-Epoxybutane: A Versatile Building Block

1,2-Epoxybutane is a three-membered cyclic ether with the molecular formula C₄H₈O. Its systematic name is **oxirane**, also known as **epoxide**.

**Here's why it's important for research:**

**1. Reactivity:**

* **Ring-opening reactions:** The strained three-membered ring in 1,2-epoxybutane is highly reactive. It readily undergoes ring-opening reactions with various nucleophiles (e.g., alcohols, amines, water), leading to the formation of valuable organic compounds. This reactivity makes it a versatile building block for synthetic chemistry.
* **Stereoselective reactions:** Depending on the reagent and reaction conditions, ring-opening can occur with high stereoselectivity, allowing for the synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds.

**2. Applications:**

* **Polymer synthesis:** 1,2-Epoxybutane can be used as a monomer in the synthesis of polymers with unique properties like flexibility, strength, and adhesion.
* **Pharmaceutical intermediates:** It serves as a precursor for the synthesis of various pharmaceuticals, including antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and anticancer agents.
* **Fine chemicals:** It is also used in the production of various fine chemicals, like resins, adhesives, and coatings.

**3. Biological studies:**

* **Metabolic studies:** 1,2-Epoxybutane is a known metabolite of some industrial chemicals and can serve as a model compound for studying the effects of epoxides on biological systems.
* **Toxicity studies:** Understanding the reactivity and biological effects of 1,2-epoxybutane can contribute to evaluating the safety and potential toxicity of other related chemicals.

**In summary, 1,2-epoxybutane is an important molecule in various fields due to its high reactivity, versatility in synthetic applications, and potential relevance in biological and toxicological studies.**

1,2-epoxybutane: RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

ID Source	ID
PubMed CID	7834
CHEMBL ID	1378095
CHEBI ID	82326
MeSH ID	M0089306

Synonym
ethyloxirane
wln: t3otj b2
nci-c55527
ethylethylene oxide
n-butene-1,2-oxide
1,2-epoxybutane
oxirane, ethyl-
ethylene oxide, ethyl-
1-butylene oxide
1,2-butylene oxide
nsc24240
1,2-butene oxide
1,2-monoepoxybutane
but-1-ene oxide
2-ethyloxirane
1-butene oxide
nsc-24240
butane,2-epoxy-
106-88-7
.alpha.-butylene oxide
butane, 1,2-epoxy-
NCGC00091511-01
1,2-butene oxide (van)
alpha-butylene oxide
ccris 1015
dl-1,2-epoxybutane
nsc 24240
ethyl ethylene oxide
einecs 203-438-2
hsdb 2855
brn 0102411
(+-)-2-ethyloxirane
un3022
1,2-epoxybutane, >=99%
1,2-epoxybutane, 99%
epoxybutane
butene oxide
ebu ,
B0719
AKOS000121478
2-ethyl-oxirane
NCGC00091511-02
C19237
dtxsid6020569 ,
tox21_200207
cas-106-88-7
NCGC00257761-01
dtxcid40569
BBL011530
STL146646
unii-fr67h5388o
ec 203-438-2
1,2-butylene oxide, stabilized [un3022] [flammable liquid]
oxirane, 2-ethyl-
fr67h5388o ,
(+-)-ethyloxirane
1,2-butylene oxide, stabilized
5-17-01-00056 (beilstein handbook reference)
1,2-butyleneoxide
ethyloxirane, (+/-)-
1,2-epoxybutane [iarc]
butene 1,2-epoxide
1,2-butylene epoxide
n-butene-1,2-oxide [hsdb]
2-ethyloxirane, (+/-)-
AKOS017278428
CHEBI:82326 ,
a-butylene oxide
1,2-epoxy butane
ethyl oxirane
1,2 butylene oxide
racemic 1,2-epoxybutane
1,2 epoxybutane
1,2-epoxy-butane
1.2-butylene oxide
Q-200063
(.+/-.)-2-ethyloxirane
CHEMBL1378095
mfcd00005153
1-butene oxide, purum, >=99.0% (gc)
FT-0770886
Q2539029
EN300-21093

Class	Description
epoxide	Any cyclic ether in which the oxygen atom forms part of a 3-membered ring.
[compound class information is derived from Chemical Entities of Biological Interest (ChEBI), Hastings J, Owen G, Dekker A, Ennis M, Kale N, Muthukrishnan V, Turner S, Swainston N, Mendes P, Steinbeck C. (2016). ChEBI in 2016: Improved services and an expanding collection of metabolites. Nucleic Acids Res]

Protein	Taxonomy	Measurement	Average (µ)	Min (ref.)	Avg (ref.)	Max (ref.)	Bioassay(s)
AR protein	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	28.1838	0.0002	21.2231	8,912.5098	AID588516
estrogen nuclear receptor alpha	Homo sapiens (human)	Potency	63.0776	0.0002	29.3054	16,493.5996	AID588513; AID743075; AID743079
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Timeframe	Studies, This Drug (%)	All Drugs %
pre-1990	11 (40.74)	18.7374
1990's	5 (18.52)	18.2507
2000's	7 (25.93)	29.6817
2010's	3 (11.11)	24.3611
2020's	1 (3.70)	2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Publication Type	This drug (%)	All Drugs (%)
Trials	0 (0.00%)	5.53%
Reviews	2 (7.14%)	6.00%
Case Studies	1 (3.57%)	4.05%
Observational	0 (0.00%)	0.25%
Other	25 (89.29%)	84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Substance	Relationship Strength	Studies	Classes	Roles
ethylene chlorohydrin Ethylene Chlorohydrin: Used as a solvent, in the manufacture of insecticides, and for treating sweet potatoes before planting. May cause nausea, vomiting, pains in head and chest, stupefaction. Irritates mucous membranes and causes kidney and liver degeneration.. chloroethanol : An organochlorine compound that is ethanol substituted by at least one chloro group.	1.96	1	chloroethanol	xenobiotic metabolite
1-butanol 1-Butanol: A four carbon linear hydrocarbon that has a hydroxy group at position 1.. butan-1-ol : A primary alcohol that is butane in which a hydrogen of one of the methyl groups is substituted by a hydroxy group. It it produced in small amounts in humans by the gut microbes.	2.05	1	alkyl alcohol; primary alcohol; short-chain primary fatty alcohol	human metabolite; mouse metabolite; protic solvent
methane Methane: The simplest saturated hydrocarbon. It is a colorless, flammable gas, slightly soluble in water. It is one of the chief constituents of natural gas and is formed in the decomposition of organic matter. (Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). methane : A one-carbon compound in which the carbon is attached by single bonds to four hydrogen atoms. It is a colourless, odourless, non-toxic but flammable gas (b.p. -161degreeC).	2	1	alkane; gas molecular entity; mononuclear parent hydride; one-carbon compound	bacterial metabolite; fossil fuel; greenhouse gas
chloroacetic acid chloroacetic acid: urinary metabolite of vinyl chloride; RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. chloroacetic acid : A chlorocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid carrying a 2-chloro substituent.	1.97	1	chlorocarboxylic acid; haloacetic acid	alkylating agent; herbicide
hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen Cyanide: Hydrogen cyanide (HCN); A toxic liquid or colorless gas. It is found in the smoke of various tobacco products and released by combustion of nitrogen-containing organic materials.. hydrogen cyanide : A one-carbon compound consisting of a methine group triple bonded to a nitrogen atom	1.97	1	hydracid; one-carbon compound	Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; poison
pyridine azine : An organonitrogen compound of general structure RCH=N-N=CHR or RR'C=N-N=CRR'.	1.97	1	azaarene; mancude organic heteromonocyclic parent; monocyclic heteroarene; pyridines	environmental contaminant; NMR chemical shift reference compound
atrolactic acid atrolactic acid: see also 3-isomer; RN given refers to parent cpd without isomeric designation; structure	1.97	1	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid
amitrole Amitrole: A non-selective post-emergence, translocated herbicide. According to the Seventh Annual Report on Carcinogens (PB95-109781, 1994) this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen. (From Merck Index, 12th ed) It is an irreversible inhibitor of CATALASE, and thus impairs activity of peroxisomes.. amitrole : A member of the class of triazoles that is 1H-1,2,4-triazole substituted by an amino group at position 3. Used to control annual grasses and aquatic weeds (but not on food crops because it causes cancer in laboratory animals). Its use within the EU was banned from September 2017 on the grounds of potential groundwater contamination and risks to aquatic life; there have also been concerns about its endocrine-disrupting properties.	1.97	1	aromatic amine; triazoles	carotenoid biosynthesis inhibitor; EC 1.11.1.6 (catalase) inhibitor; herbicide
busulfan [no description available]	2.15	1	methanesulfonate ester	alkylating agent; antineoplastic agent; carcinogenic agent; insect sterilant; teratogenic agent
carbamazepine Carbamazepine: A dibenzazepine that acts as a sodium channel blocker. It is used as an anticonvulsant for the treatment of grand mal and psychomotor or focal SEIZURES. It may also be used in the management of BIPOLAR DISORDER, and has analgesic properties.. carbamazepine : A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant.	2.04	1	dibenzoazepine; ureas	analgesic; anticonvulsant; antimanic drug; drug allergen; EC 3.5.1.98 (histone deacetylase) inhibitor; environmental contaminant; glutamate transporter activator; mitogen; non-narcotic analgesic; sodium channel blocker; xenobiotic
phenacetin Saridon: contains phenacetin, caffeine, propyphenazone & pyrithyldione	1.96	1	acetamides; aromatic ether	cyclooxygenase 3 inhibitor; non-narcotic analgesic; peripheral nervous system drug
spironolactone Spironolactone: A potassium sparing diuretic that acts by antagonism of aldosterone in the distal renal tubules. It is used mainly in the treatment of refractory edema in patients with congestive heart failure, nephrotic syndrome, or hepatic cirrhosis. Its effects on the endocrine system are utilized in the treatments of hirsutism and acne but they can lead to adverse effects. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p827). spironolactone : A steroid lactone that is 17alpha-pregn-4-ene-21,17-carbolactone substituted by an oxo group at position 3 and an alpha-acetylsulfanyl group at position 7.	2.04	1	3-oxo-Delta(4) steroid; oxaspiro compound; steroid lactone; thioester	aldosterone antagonist; antihypertensive agent; diuretic; environmental contaminant; xenobiotic
sucrose Saccharum: A plant genus of the family POACEAE widely cultivated in the tropics for the sweet cane that is processed into sugar.	1.97	1	glycosyl glycoside	algal metabolite; Escherichia coli metabolite; human metabolite; mouse metabolite; osmolyte; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite; sweetening agent
ethylene oxide Ethylene Oxide: A colorless and flammable gas at room temperature and pressure. Ethylene oxide is a bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal disinfectant. It is effective against most micro-organisms, including viruses. It is used as a fumigant for foodstuffs and textiles and as an agent for the gaseous sterilization of heat-labile pharmaceutical and surgical materials. (From Reynolds, Martindale The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p794). oxirane : A saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent that is a three-membered heterocycle of two carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.	3.42	7	gas molecular entity; oxacycle; saturated organic heteromonocyclic parent	allergen; mouse metabolite; mutagen
nitromethane nitromethane: structure. nitromethane : A primary nitroalkane that is methane in which one of the hydrogens is replace by a nitro group. A polar solvent (b.p. 101 degreeC), it is an important starting material in organic synthesis. It is also used as a fuel for rockets and radio-controlled models.	2	1	primary nitroalkane; volatile organic compound	EC 4.3.1.3 (histidine ammonia-lyase) inhibitor; explosive; NMR chemical shift reference compound; polar aprotic solvent
propylene oxide propylene oxide: structure. 1,2-epoxypropane : An epoxide that is oxirane substituted by a methyl group at position 2.	2.67	3	epoxide
trichloroethylene Trichloroethylene: A highly volatile inhalation anesthetic used mainly in short surgical procedures where light anesthesia with good analgesia is required. It is also used as an industrial solvent. Prolonged exposure to high concentrations of the vapor can lead to cardiotoxicity and neurological impairment.. triol : A chemical compound containing three hydroxy groups.	7.66	3	chloroethenes	inhalation anaesthetic; mouse metabolite
2,4-diaminophenol 2,4-diaminophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd	1.97	1
n-nitrosopiperidine N-nitrosopiperidine: structure. N-nitrosopiperidine : A nitrosamine that is piperidine in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a nitroso group. One of the many carcinogens detected in cigarette smoke, it is found in meat, cheese and spices that have been treated with the preservative sodium nitrite.	1.96	1	nitrosamine; piperidine	apoptosis inducer; carcinogenic agent; environmental contaminant; mutagen
epichlorohydrin Epichlorohydrin: A chlorinated epoxy compound used as an industrial solvent. It is a strong skin irritant and carcinogen.. epichlorohydrin : An epoxide that is 1,2-epoxypropene in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by chlorine.	3.07	5	epoxide; organochlorine compound
1-bromopropane 1-bromopropane: used as a solvent. 1-bromopropane : A bromoalkane that is propane carrying a bromo substituent at position 1.	2	1	bromoalkane; bromohydrocarbon	neurotoxin; solvent
1-butene but-1-ene : A butene with unsaturation at position 1.	2.05	1	butene
adamantane Adamantane: A tricyclo bridged hydrocarbon.	2.03	1	adamantanes; polycyclic alkane
ethylene bromohydrin ethylene bromohydrin: RN given refers to 2-bromo cpd	1.96	1
diepoxybutane diepoxybutane: difunctional alkylating agent; RN given refers to cpd with unspecified isomeric designation; structure	2.05	1	epoxide	mutagen
2-hydroxybutyric acid 2-hydroxybutyric acid: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. hydroxybutyric acid : Any compound comprising a butyric acid core carrying at least one hydroxy substituent.. 2-hydroxybutyric acid : A hydroxybutyric acid having a single hydroxyl group located at position 2; urinary secretion of 2-hydroxybutyric acid is increased with alcohol ingestion or vigorous physical exercise and is associated with lactic acidosis and ketoacidosis in humans and diabetes in animals.	1.97	1	2-hydroxy monocarboxylic acid; hydroxybutyric acid	algal metabolite; human metabolite
2-anthramine 2-anthramine: structure	1.96	1	anthracenamine
formal glycol [no description available]	2	1	cyclic acetal; dioxolane
glycinaldehyde glycinaldehyde: structure	1.96	1	epoxide
pentachloroanisole [no description available]	1.97	1
titanium Titanium: A dark-gray, metallic element of widespread distribution but occurring in small amounts with atomic number, 22, atomic weight, 47.867 and symbol, Ti; specific gravity, 4.5; used for fixation of fractures.	2.05	1	titanium group element atom
chromates Chromates: Salts of chromic acid containing the CrO(2-)4 radical.. chromate(2-) : A chromium oxoanion resulting from the removal of two protons from chromic acid.	1.97	1	chromium oxoanion; divalent inorganic anion	oxidising agent
deuterium Deuterium: The stable isotope of hydrogen. It has one neutron and one proton in the nucleus.	2.03	1	dihydrogen
calcium chromate(vi) calcium chromate(VI): RN given refers to parent cpd	1.97	1
phenyl acetate phenyl acetate: The ester formed between phenol and acetic acid. Don't confuse with phenylacetic acid derivatives listed under PHENYLACETATES.. phenyl acetate : An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of phenol with acetic acid.	1.97	1	benzenes; phenyl acetates
alkenes [no description available]	2.52	2
griseofulvin Griseofulvin: An antifungal agent used in the treatment of TINEA infections.. griseofulvin : An oxaspiro compound produced by Penicillium griseofulvum. It is used by mouth as an antifungal drug for infections involving the scalp, hair, nails and skin that do not respond to topical treatment.	2.45	2	1-benzofurans; antibiotic antifungal drug; benzofuran antifungal drug; organochlorine compound; oxaspiro compound	antibacterial agent; Penicillium metabolite
betadex beta-Cyclodextrins: Cyclic GLUCANS consisting of seven (7) glucopyranose units linked by 1,4-glycosidic bonds.	2.05	1	cyclodextrin
thiourea Thiourea: A photographic fixative used also in the manufacture of resins. According to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985), this substance may reasonably be anticipated to be a carcinogen (Merck Index, 9th ed). Many of its derivatives are ANTITHYROID AGENTS and/or FREE RADICAL SCAVENGERS.. thiourea : The simplest member of the thiourea class, consisting of urea with the oxygen atom substituted by sulfur.	1.97	1	one-carbon compound; thioureas; ureas	antioxidant; chromophore
aluminum Aluminum: A metallic element that has the atomic number 13, atomic symbol Al, and atomic weight 26.98.	2.03	1	boron group element atom; elemental aluminium; metal atom
treosulfan treosulfan: immunosuppressant; RN given refers to (S-(R,R))-isomer	2.15	1	methanesulfonate ester
nad NAD(1-) : An anionic form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide arising from deprotonation of the two OH groups of the diphosphate moiety.	1.97	1	organophosphate oxoanion	cofactor; human metabolite; hydrogen acceptor; Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
piperidines Piperidines: A family of hexahydropyridines.	1.96	1
vitamin b 12 Vitamin B 12: A cobalt-containing coordination compound produced by intestinal micro-organisms and found also in soil and water. Higher plants do not concentrate vitamin B 12 from the soil and so are a poor source of the substance as compared with animal tissues. INTRINSIC FACTOR is important for the assimilation of vitamin B 12.	2.05	1

Condition	Relationship Strength	Studies
Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)	2.43	2
Body Weight The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	2.37	2
Experimental Neoplasms [description not available]	3.3	2
Leukemia L5178 An experimental lymphocytic leukemia of mice.	1.96	1
Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases.	1.98	1
Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways.	1.98	1
Nervous System Disorders [description not available]	1.98	1
Diseases, Occupational [description not available]	2.39	2
Nervous System Diseases Diseases of the central and peripheral nervous system. This includes disorders of the brain, spinal cord, cranial nerves, peripheral nerves, nerve roots, autonomic nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle.	1.98	1
Autoimmune Demyelinating Disease, Peripheral [description not available]	2	1
Germinoblastoma [description not available]	1.97	1
Lymphoma A general term for various neoplastic diseases of the lymphoid tissue.	1.97	1
Cancer of Lung [description not available]	1.97	1
Nasal Diseases [description not available]	1.97	1
Cancer of Nose [description not available]	1.97	1
Lung Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	1.97	1

1,2-epoxybutane

Description

Cross-References

Synonyms (83)

Drug Classes (1)

Protein Targets (2)

Potency Measurements

Research

Studies (27)

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 34.86

Study Types