Compounds > 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine
Page last updated: 2024-11-07

5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine

Description Research Excerpts Clinical Trials Roles Classes Pathways Study Profile Bioassays Related Drugs Related Conditions Protein Interactions Research Growth Market Indicators

Description

5-Formyl-2'-deoxyuridine (FdUrd) is a nucleoside analog that has been shown to have antiviral and anticancer activities. It is a prodrug of 5-formyltetrahydrofolate (5-FTHF), a cofactor involved in various metabolic pathways, including thymidylate synthesis. FdUrd is converted to 5-FTHF by thymidine phosphorylase, an enzyme that is overexpressed in some cancers. The conversion of FdUrd to 5-FTHF results in the inhibition of thymidylate synthase, an enzyme essential for DNA synthesis. This inhibition leads to the depletion of dTMP, a precursor of thymine, which is a critical component of DNA. As a result, FdUrd has shown promise as an anticancer agent. Furthermore, FdUrd has been studied for its antiviral activity, particularly against herpes simplex virus (HSV). It has been found to inhibit HSV replication by interfering with the viral DNA polymerase, leading to the termination of viral DNA synthesis. Additionally, FdUrd has shown activity against other viruses, including cytomegalovirus (CMV). Studies have demonstrated that FdUrd can be synthesized through various chemical methods, including the formylation of 2'-deoxyuridine. The synthesis of FdUrd often involves the use of protecting groups to selectively modify specific functional groups. Research on FdUrd is ongoing to further explore its potential as an antiviral and anticancer agent. It is also being investigated for its role in other biological processes and its potential applications in drug development.'

5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine: structure given in first source [Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), National Library of Medicine, extracted Dec-2023]

Cross-References

ID SourceID
PubMed CID98561
CHEMBL ID379296
SCHEMBL ID337091
MeSH IDM0170574

Synonyms (24)

Synonym
5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine
uridine, 2'-deoxy-5-formyl-
ccris 6343
nsc 148297
5-pyrimidinecarboxaldehyde, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-(2-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-2,4-dioxo-
1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-(2-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-2,4-dioxo-5-pyrimidinecarboxaldehyde
4494-26-2
5-pyrimidinecarboxaldehyde, 1-(2-deoxy-beta-d-erythro-pentofuranosyl)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2,4-dioxo-
1-[(2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-2,4-dioxo-pyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde
1-[(2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-2,4-dioxopyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde
CHEMBL379296
2'-deoxy-5-formyluridine
1-((2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde
5-formyldeoxyuridine
SCHEMBL337091
AKOS022172827
MVORBLZUGBSUNB-XLPZGREQSA-N
AC-32343
mfcd01689820
A872444
1-((2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran-2-yl)-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde;5-formyl-du
BS-18944
CS-0452613
1-[(2r,4s,5r)-4-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-2,4-dioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde

Research Excerpts

Toxicity

ExcerptReferenceRelevance
" There are no toxic effects of 5-fodUrd on cells defective in thymidine kinase or thymidylate synthetase, suggesting that the toxicity may be caused by 5-fodUrd phosphorylation and subsequent inhibition of thymidylate synthetase."( 5-Formyluracil and its nucleoside derivatives confer toxicity and mutagenicity to mammalian cells by interfering with normal RNA and DNA metabolism.
Bjelland, S; Klungland, A; Matsuda, A; Paulsen, R; Rolseth, V; Seeberg, E; Ueno, Y; Wiik, P; Yamada, Y, 2001)		0.31
[information is derived through text-mining from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Protein Targets (1)

Other Measurements

ProteinTaxonomyMeasurementAverageMin (ref.)Avg (ref.)Max (ref.)Bioassay(s)
Thymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)Km125.00000.16000.16000.1600AID211066
[prepared from compound, protein, and bioassay information from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Biological Processes (11)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
mitochondrial genome maintenanceThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
angiogenesisThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine nucleobase metabolic processThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
pyrimidine nucleoside metabolic processThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
chemotaxisThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
signal transductionThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cell differentiationThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of myelinationThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
dTMP catabolic processThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of transmission of nerve impulseThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
regulation of gastric motilityThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Molecular Functions (5)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
1,4-alpha-oligoglucan phosphorylase activityThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein bindingThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
growth factor activityThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
thymidine phosphorylase activityThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
protein homodimerization activityThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Ceullar Components (1)

Processvia Protein(s)Taxonomy
cytosolThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
cytosolThymidine phosphorylaseHomo sapiens (human)
[Information is prepared from geneontology information from the June-17-2024 release]

Bioassays (23)

Assay IDTitleYearJournalArticle
AID211066Michaelis-Menten constant (Km) against horse liver thymidine phosphorylase1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8
Thymidine phosphorylase. Substrate specificity for 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridines.
AID270072Antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani LV9 promastigotes by MTT method2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 16, Issue:19
Structurally diverse 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides as inhibitors of Leishmania donovani promastigotes in vitro.
AID156549Concentration required to reduce HSV-1 KOS virus induced cytogenicity in primary rabbit kidney (PRK); Range is 1-21980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID270074Antiviral activity against cowpox virus2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 16, Issue:19
Structurally diverse 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides as inhibitors of Leishmania donovani promastigotes in vitro.
AID156557Concentration required to reduce [Me-H]dThd incorporation into DNA in primary rabbit kidney (PRK)1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID270073Antiviral activity against vaccinia virus2006Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters, Oct-01, Volume: 16, Issue:19
Structurally diverse 5-substituted pyrimidine nucleosides as inhibitors of Leishmania donovani promastigotes in vitro.
AID156547Concentration required to reduce HSV-1 F virus induced cytogenicity in primary rabbit kidney (PRK); Range is 1-21980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID232840Ratio of Vmax to that of dThd (Vmax = 0.14)1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 23, Issue:8
Thymidine phosphorylase. Substrate specificity for 5-substituted 2'-deoxyuridines.
AID265923Antiviral activity against cowpox virus Brighton by plaque reduction in HFF cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 49, Issue:11
5-(Dimethoxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: a novel gem diether nucleoside with anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
AID156697Minimum Cytotoxic concentration in primary rabbit kidney (PRK)1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID229758Ratio of ID50 for [Me-H]dThd to ID50 for [1,2-H]dUrd1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID156556Concentration required to reduce [1,2-H]dUrd incorporation into DNA in primary rabbit kidney (PRK)1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID156550Concentration required to reduce HSV-1 McIntyre virus induced cytogenicity in primary rabbit kidney (PRK)1980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID156552Concentration required to reduce HSV-2 Lyons virus induced cytogenicity in primary rabbit kidney (PRK); Range is 2-41980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID156683Concentration required to reduce virus HSV-2G induced cytogenicity in primary rabbit kidney (PRK); Range is 1-21980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID156680Concentration required to reduce vaccinia virus induced cytogenicity in primary rabbit kidney (PRK); Range is 0.1-0.21980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID265924Cytotoxicity against HFF cell line by neutral red toxicity assay2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 49, Issue:11
5-(Dimethoxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: a novel gem diether nucleoside with anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
AID82318Growth inhibition against HL-60 after 72 hours incubation period1988Journal of medicinal chemistry, Aug, Volume: 31, Issue:8
Nucleosides. 150. Synthesis and some biological properties of 5-monofluoromethyl, 5-difluoromethyl, and 5-trifluoromethyl derivatives of 2'-deoxyuridine and 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyluracil.
AID265922Antiviral activity against cowpox virus Brighton measured as cytopathogenicity in HFF cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 49, Issue:11
5-(Dimethoxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: a novel gem diether nucleoside with anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
AID265920Antiviral activity against vaccinia virus Copenhagen measured as cytopathogenicity in HFF cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 49, Issue:11
5-(Dimethoxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: a novel gem diether nucleoside with anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
AID280941Cytotoxicity against mouse L1210/0 cells after 48 hrs2007Journal of medicinal chemistry, Apr-05, Volume: 50, Issue:7
Probing the anticancer activity of nucleoside analogues: a QSAR model approach using an internally consistent training set.
AID156554Concentration required to reduce HV2 196 virus induced cytogenicity in primary rabbit kidney (PRK); Range is 1-41980Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun, Volume: 23, Issue:6
Oxime and dithiolane derivatives of 5-formyl-2'-deoxyuridine and their 5'-phosphates: antiviral effects and thymidylate synthetase inhibition.
AID265921Antiviral activity against vaccinia virus Copenhagen assessed as plaque reduction in HFF cells2006Journal of medicinal chemistry, Jun-01, Volume: 49, Issue:11
5-(Dimethoxymethyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: a novel gem diether nucleoside with anti-orthopoxvirus activity.
[information is prepared from bioassay data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Research

Studies (41)

TimeframeStudies, This Drug (%)All Drugs %
pre-19904 (9.76)18.7374
1990's6 (14.63)18.2507
2000's16 (39.02)29.6817
2010's13 (31.71)24.3611
2020's2 (4.88)2.80
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]

Market Indicators

Research Demand Index: 10.98

According to the monthly volume, diversity, and competition of internet searches for this compound, as well the volume and growth of publications, there is estimated to be weak demand-to-supply ratio for research on this compound.

MetricThis Compound (vs All)
Research Demand Index10.98 (24.57)
Research Supply Index3.81 (2.92)
Research Growth Index4.79 (4.65)
Search Engine Demand Index0.00 (26.88)
Search Engine Supply Index0.00 (0.95)

This Compound (10.98)

All Compounds (24.57)

Study Types

Publication TypeThis drug (%)All Drugs (%)
Trials0 (0.00%)5.53%
Reviews0 (0.00%)6.00%
Case Studies0 (0.00%)4.05%
Observational0 (0.00%)0.25%
Other44 (100.00%)84.16%
[information is prepared from research data collected from National Library of Medicine (NLM), extracted Dec-2023]
SubstanceRelationship StrengthStudiesTrialsClassesRoles
benzoic acid
Benzoic Acid: A fungistatic compound that is widely used as a food preservative. It is conjugated to GLYCINE in the liver and excreted as hippuric acid.. benzoic acid : A compound comprising a benzene ring core carrying a carboxylic acid substituent.. aromatic carboxylic acid : Any carboxylic acid in which the carboxy group is directly bonded to an aromatic ring.		2.0710benzoic acidsalgal metabolite;
antimicrobial food preservative;
drug allergen;
EC 1.13.11.33 (arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase) inhibitor;
EC 3.1.1.3 (triacylglycerol lipase) inhibitor;
human xenobiotic metabolite;
plant metabolite
betaine
glycine betaine : The amino acid betaine derived from glycine.		2.0310amino-acid betaine;
glycine derivative		fundamental metabolite
formic acid
formic acid: RN given refers to parent cpd. formic acid : The simplest carboxylic acid, containing a single carbon. Occurs naturally in various sources including the venom of bee and ant stings, and is a useful organic synthetic reagent. Principally used as a preservative and antibacterial agent in livestock feed. Induces severe metabolic acidosis and ocular injury in human subjects.		1.9710monocarboxylic acidantibacterial agent;
astringent;
metabolite;
protic solvent;
solvent
thymine
[no description available]		2.4220pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
uracil
2,4-dihydroxypyrimidine: a urinary biomarker for bipolar disorder		7.420pyrimidine nucleobase;
pyrimidone		allergen;
Daphnia magna metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
prodrug;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
deferoxamine
Deferoxamine: Natural product isolated from Streptomyces pilosus. It forms iron complexes and is used as a chelating agent, particularly in the mesylate form.. desferrioxamine B : An acyclic desferrioxamine that is butanedioic acid in which one of the carboxy groups undergoes formal condensation with the primary amino group of N-(5-aminopentyl)-N-hydroxyacetamide and the second carboxy group undergoes formal condensation with the hydroxyamino group of N(1)-(5-aminopentyl)-N(1)-hydroxy-N(4)-[5-(hydroxyamino)pentyl]butanediamide. It is a siderophore native to Streptomyces pilosus biosynthesised by the DesABCD enzyme cluster as a high affinity Fe(III) chelator.		1.9710acyclic desferrioxaminebacterial metabolite;
ferroptosis inhibitor;
iron chelator;
siderophore
pentetic acid
Pentetic Acid: An iron chelating agent with properties like EDETIC ACID. DTPA has also been used as a chelator for other metals, such as plutonium.		1.9710pentacarboxylic acidcopper chelator
fluorouracil
Fluorouracil: A pyrimidine analog that is an antineoplastic antimetabolite. It interferes with DNA synthesis by blocking the THYMIDYLATE SYNTHETASE conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid.. 5-fluorouracil : A nucleobase analogue that is uracil in which the hydrogen at position 5 is replaced by fluorine. It is an antineoplastic agent which acts as an antimetabolite - following conversion to the active deoxynucleotide, it inhibits DNA synthesis (by blocking the conversion of deoxyuridylic acid to thymidylic acid by the cellular enzyme thymidylate synthetase) and so slows tumour growth.		2.0310nucleobase analogue;
organofluorine compound		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
environmental contaminant;
immunosuppressive agent;
radiosensitizing agent;
xenobiotic
pentamidine
Pentamidine: Antiprotozoal agent effective in trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and some fungal infections; used in treatment of PNEUMOCYSTIS pneumonia in HIV-infected patients. It may cause diabetes mellitus, central nervous system damage, and other toxic effects.. pentamidine : A diether consisting of pentane-1,5-diol in which both hydroxyl hydrogens have been replaced by 4-amidinophenyl groups. A trypanocidal drug that is used for treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Chagas disease.		2.0310aromatic ether;
carboxamidine;
diether		anti-inflammatory agent;
antifungal agent;
calmodulin antagonist;
chemokine receptor 5 antagonist;
EC 2.3.1.48 (histone acetyltransferase) inhibitor;
NMDA receptor antagonist;
S100 calcium-binding protein B inhibitor;
trypanocidal drug;
xenobiotic
thymidine
[no description available]		8.6190pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
metabolite;
mouse metabolite
floxuridine
Floxuridine: An antineoplastic antimetabolite that is metabolized to fluorouracil when administered by rapid injection; when administered by slow, continuous, intra-arterial infusion, it is converted to floxuridine monophosphate. It has been used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.. floxuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract.		2.3920nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
radiosensitizing agent
benzimidazole
1H-benzimidazole : The 1H-tautomer of benzimidazole.		2.0710benzimidazole;
polycyclic heteroarene
idoxuridine
[no description available]		2.3920organoiodine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor
uridine
[no description available]		210uridinesdrug metabolite;
fundamental metabolite;
human metabolite
bromodeoxyuridine
Bromodeoxyuridine: A nucleoside that substitutes for thymidine in DNA and thus acts as an antimetabolite. It causes breaks in chromosomes and has been proposed as an antiviral and antineoplastic agent. It has been given orphan drug status for use in the treatment of primary brain tumors.		2.3920pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideantimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent
edetic acid
Edetic Acid: A chelating agent that sequesters a variety of polyvalent cations such as CALCIUM. It is used in pharmaceutical manufacturing and as a food additive.		1.9710ethylenediamine derivative;
polyamino carboxylic acid;
tetracarboxylic acid		anticoagulant;
antidote;
chelator;
copper chelator;
geroprotector
aniline
[no description available]		2.0510anilines;
primary arylamine
cytidine
[no description available]		2.5220cytidinesEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
cytarabine
[no description available]		2.0310beta-D-arabinoside;
monosaccharide derivative;
pyrimidine nucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral agent;
immunosuppressive agent
trifluridine
Trifluridine: An antiviral derivative of THYMIDINE used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis due to HERPES SIMPLEX virus. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p557). trifluridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-trifluoromethyluracil as the nucleobase. An antiviral drug used mainly in the treatment of primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis.		2.6730nucleoside analogue;
organofluorine compound;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor
methylamine
methyl group : An alkyl group that is the univalent group derived from methane by removal of a hydrogen atom.		2.0410methylamines;
one-carbon compound;
primary aliphatic amine		mouse metabolite
thiophenol
thiophenol : A thiol in which the sulfanyl group is attached to a phenyl group.		2.0510aryl thiol
n-butylamine
n-butylamine: RN given refers to parent cpd. butan-1-amine : A primary aliphatic amine that is butane substituted by an amino group at position 1.		2.0410primary aliphatic amine
2-aminothiophenol
2-aminothiophenol: RN given refers to parent cpd; structure. 2-aminothiophenol : An aryl thiol that is thiophenol substituted at position 2 by an amino group.		2.4520aryl thiol;
substituted aniline		plant metabolite
carbamol
carbamol: RN given refers to cpd with specified locant		2.0710ureas
pyrimidine
pyrimidine : The parent compound of the pyrimidines; a diazine having the two nitrogens at the 1- and 3-positions.		7.5920diazine;
pyrimidines		Daphnia magna metabolite
deoxycytidine
[no description available]		1.9910pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
deoxyuridine
[no description available]		4.91350pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideEscherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
2'-deoxyadenosine triphosphate
2'-deoxyadenosine triphosphate: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd		1.99102'-deoxyadenosine 5'-phosphate;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
tantalum
Tantalum: A rare metallic element, atomic number 73, atomic weight 180.948, symbol Ta. It is a noncorrosive and malleable metal that has been used for plates or disks to replace cranial defects, for wire sutures, and for making prosthetic devices.		2.110vanadium group element atom
fluorine
Fluorine: A nonmetallic, diatomic gas that is a trace element and member of the halogen family. It is used in dentistry as fluoride (FLUORIDES) to prevent dental caries.		1.9810diatomic fluorine;
gas molecular entity		NMR chemical shift reference compound
zidovudine
Zidovudine: A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by an azido group. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA during reverse transcription. It improves immunologic function, partially reverses the HIV-induced neurological dysfunction, and improves certain other clinical abnormalities associated with AIDS. Its principal toxic effect is dose-dependent suppression of bone marrow, resulting in anemia and leukopenia.. zidovudine : A pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside compound having a 3'-azido substituent and thymine as the nucleobase.		2.0310azide;
pyrimidine 2',3'-dideoxyribonucleoside		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor
adefovir
adefovir: inhibitor of African swine fever virus. adefovir(1-) : A organophosphonate oxoanion obtained by removal of a proton from the phosphonate group of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. It is the major microspecies at pH 7.3 (according to Marvin v 6.2.0.).. adefovir : A member of the class of phosphonic acids that is methylphosphonic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens has been replaced by a 2-(6-amino-9H-purin-9-yl)ethoxy group. An inhibitor of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase, the bis(t-butoxycarbonyloxymethyl) ester (dipivoxil ester) prodrug is used to treat chronic hepatitis B viral infection.		2.03106-aminopurines;
ether;
phosphonic acids		antiviral drug;
DNA synthesis inhibitor;
drug metabolite;
HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitor;
nephrotoxic agent
cidofovir anhydrous
Cidofovir: An acyclic nucleoside phosphonate that acts as a competitive inhibitor of viral DNA polymerases. It is used in the treatment of RETINITIS caused by CYTOMEGALOVIRUS INFECTIONS and may also be useful for treating HERPESVIRUS INFECTIONS.. cidofovir anhydrous : Cytosine substituted at the 1 position by a 3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl group (S configuration). A nucleoside analogue, it is an injectable antiviral used for the treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in AIDS patients.		2.0310phosphonic acids;
pyrimidone		anti-HIV agent;
antineoplastic agent;
antiviral drug;
photosensitizing agent
thymidine 5'-triphosphate
thymidine 5'-triphosphate: RN given refers to parent cpd. dTTP : A thymidine phosphate having a triphosphate group at the 5'-position.		1.9910pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate;
thymidine phosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
mouse metabolite
9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)-2,6-diaminopurine
[no description available]		2.0310
thymine arabinoside
thymine arabinoside: selectively inhibits replication of herpes simplex virus		2.0310N-glycosyl compound
deoxyuridine triphosphate
[no description available]		1.9910deoxyuridine phosphate;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
2'-deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate
2'-deoxycytidine 5'-triphosphate: RN given refers to unlabeled parent cpd		1.99102'-deoxycytidine phosphate;
pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite
5-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine
[no description available]		1.9510
5-(2-propenyl)-2'-deoxyuridine
[no description available]		1.9510
edoxudin
[no description available]		2.3920pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside
girard's reagent t
Girard's reagent T: used for separating ketosteroids; RN given refers to chloride		2.0310
clevudine
[no description available]		1.9710
n-(2-(hydroxyethoxy)methyl)-5-methyluracil
N-(2-(hydroxyethoxy)methyl)-5-methyluracil: structure given in first source		2.0310
5-fluoro-1-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl)uracil
5-fluoro-1-((2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl)uracil: structure given in first source		2.0310
5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine
[no description available]		2.6730pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside
msh release-inhibiting hormone
[no description available]		2.0310oligopeptide
5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine
5-hydroxy-2'-deoxyuridine: a major oxidation product of 2'-deoxycytidine		2.0310
phosphites
Phosphites: Inorganic salts or organic esters of phosphorous acid that contain the (3-)PO3 radical. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed). phosphite(3-) : A trivalent inorganic anion obtained by removal of all three protons from phosphorous acid.		2.0510phosphite ion;
trivalent inorganic anion
5-nitro-2'-deoxyuridine
[no description available]		2.0310
5-vinyl-2'-deoxyuridine
5-vinyl-2'-deoxyuridine: structure		2.0310
5-propyl-2'-deoxyuridine
5-propyl-2'-deoxyuridine: RN given refers to parent cpd		2.0310
5,6-dihydrothymidine
5,6-dihydrothymidine: RN given refers to cpd without isomeric designation. 5,6-dihydrothymidine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside having dihydrothymine as the nucleobase.		2.110pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleosideMycoplasma genitalium metabolite
organophosphonates
hydrogenphosphite : A divalent inorganic anion resulting from the removal of a proton from two of the hydroxy groups of phosphorous acid.		2.0510divalent inorganic anion;
phosphite ion
5-formyluracil
5-formyluracil: structure. 5-formyluracil : A pyrimidone resulting from the formal oxidation of the alcoholic hydroxy group of 5-hydroxymethyluracil to the corresponding aldehyde. It is a major one-electron photooxidation product of thymine in oligodeoxynucleotides.		7.420aldehyde;
nucleobase analogue;
pyrimidone		human metabolite;
mutagen
adenosine-5'-carboxaldehyde
adenosine-5'-carboxaldehyde: potent inhibitor of S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine hydrolase; structure given in first source. 5'-dehydroadenosine : A member of the class of adenosines that is 5'-dehydro derivative of adenosine.		2.0310adenosines
brivudine
brivudine: anti-herpes agent		2.0310
5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine
5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine: structure in first source		2.0310
5-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine
5-hydroxy-2'-deoxycytidine: a major oxidation product of 2'-deoxycytidine		1.9910
5-cyano-2'-deoxyuridine
5-cyano-2'-deoxyuridine: structure in first source		2.6930
sodium bicarbonate
Sodium Bicarbonate: A white, crystalline powder that is commonly used as a pH buffering agent, an electrolyte replenisher, systemic alkalizer and in topical cleansing solutions.		2.0710one-carbon compound;
organic sodium salt		antacid;
food anticaking agent
amphotericin b
Amphotericin B: Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela.. amphotericin B : A macrolide antibiotic used to treat potentially life-threatening fungal infections.		2.0310antibiotic antifungal drug;
macrolide antibiotic;
polyene antibiotic		antiamoebic agent;
antiprotozoal drug;
bacterial metabolite
barium
Barium: An element of the alkaline earth group of metals. It has an atomic symbol Ba, atomic number 56, and atomic weight 138. All of its acid-soluble salts are poisonous.		2.0110alkaline earth metal atom;
elemental barium
dimethyl hydrogen phosphite
dimethyl hydrogen phosphite: intermediate in production of insecticides or herbicides		2.0510
5-(1-propenyl)-2'-deoxyuridine
5-(1-propenyl)-2'-deoxyuridine: has anti-herpes activity; structure in first source		1.9510
5-(2-iodovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine
[no description available]		2.0310
phosphoramidite
phosphoramidite: structure in first source. phosphoramidite : A compound with the general formula (RO)2PNR2. Phosphoramidites can be regarded as phosphites that have an NR2 instead of an OH group, or as amides of phosphorous acid.		2.4820
8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine
8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound obtained by intramolecular formation of a C-C bond between positions 8 and 5' of 2'-deoxyadenosine.		2.0610aromatic amine;
bridged compound;
diol;
N-glycosyl compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
oligonucleotides
[no description available]		2.9340
5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine
5-hydroxymethyl-2'-deoxyuridine : A pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside composed of 2'-deoxyuridine having a 5-hydroxymethyl substituent.		2.9240
acyclovir
Acyclovir: A GUANOSINE analog that acts as an antimetabolite. Viruses are especially susceptible. Used especially against herpes.. acyclovir : An oxopurine that is guanine substituted by a (2-hydroxyethoxy)methyl substituent at position 9. Used in the treatment of viral infections.		2.03102-aminopurines;
oxopurine		antimetabolite;
antiviral drug
deoxyguanosine
[no description available]		7.5520purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside;
purines 2'-deoxy-D-ribonucleoside		Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
deoxyguanosine triphosphate
[no description available]		1.9910deoxyguanosine phosphate;
guanyl deoxyribonucleotide;
purine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate		Arabidopsis thaliana metabolite;
Escherichia coli metabolite;
human metabolite;
mouse metabolite;
plant metabolite;
Saccharomyces cerevisiae metabolite
9-((2-phosphonylmethoxy)ethyl)guanine
9-((2-phosphonylmethoxy)ethyl)guanine: structure given in first source		2.0310phosphoethanolamine
pemetrexed
pemetrexed disodium : An organic sodium salt that is the disodium salt of N-{4-[2-(2-amino-4-oxo-4,7-dihydro-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl)ethyl]benzoyl}-L-glutamic acid. Inhibits thymidylate synthase (TS), 421 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), and glycinamide ribonucleotide formyltransferase (GARFT).		2.1710N-acyl-L-glutamic acid;
pyrrolopyrimidine		antimetabolite;
antineoplastic agent;
EC 1.5.1.3 (dihydrofolate reductase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.1.45 (thymidylate synthase) inhibitor;
EC 2.1.2.2 (phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase) inhibitor
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine
8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine: Common oxidized form of deoxyguanosine in which C-8 position of guanine base has a carbonyl group.. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine : Guanosine substituted at the purine 8-position by a hydroxy group. It is used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage.		2.610guanosinesbiomarker
8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine
8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine: RN given refers to (5'R)-isomer in Toxline; RN not in Chemline 1/87. 8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine : An organic heterotetracyclic compound obtained by intramolecular formation of a C-C bond between positions 8 and 5' of 2'-deoxyguanosine.		2.0610aromatic amine;
bridged compound;
diol;
N-glycosyl compound;
organic heterotetracyclic compound		Mycoplasma genitalium metabolite
ConditionIndicatedRelationship StrengthStudiesTrials
Brain Inflammation
[description not available]		01.9710
Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
[description not available]		01.9710
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the BRAIN due to infection, autoimmune processes, toxins, and other conditions. Viral infections (see ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL) are a relatively frequent cause of this condition.		01.9710
Herpes Simplex
A group of acute infections caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2 that is characterized by the development of one or more small fluid-filled vesicles with a raised erythematous base on the skin or mucous membrane. It occurs as a primary infection or recurs due to a reactivation of a latent infection. (Dorland, 27th ed.)		01.9710
Benign Neoplasms
[description not available]		02.5820
Neoplasms
New abnormal growth of tissue. Malignant neoplasms show a greater degree of anaplasia and have the properties of invasion and metastasis, compared to benign neoplasms.		02.5820
Cancer of Colon
[description not available]		02.2110
Cancer of Ovary
[description not available]		02.2110
Peritoneal Carcinomatosis
[description not available]		02.2110
Cancer of Stomach
[description not available]		02.2110
Colonic Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the COLON.		02.2110
Ovarian Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. These neoplasms can be benign or malignant. They are classified according to the tissue of origin, such as the surface EPITHELIUM, the stromal endocrine cells, and the totipotent GERM CELLS.		02.2110
Peritoneal Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the PERITONEUM.		02.2110
Stomach Neoplasms
Tumors or cancer of the STOMACH.		02.2110
Sensitivity and Specificity
Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed)		02.0310